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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
31

Efeito da estimulação transcraniana por corrente contínua em diferentes regiões corticais na tolerância ao exercício de indivíduos saudáveis

MOURA, Isis Suruagy Correia 17 November 2015 (has links)
Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2017-02-14T13:16:34Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) TESE_Isis Suruagy Correia Moura FINAL BIBLIOTECA_com ficha PRONTA.pdf: 1497533 bytes, checksum: 117972a8d3ac5d94cef2fa68b971f285 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-14T13:16:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) TESE_Isis Suruagy Correia Moura FINAL BIBLIOTECA_com ficha PRONTA.pdf: 1497533 bytes, checksum: 117972a8d3ac5d94cef2fa68b971f285 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-11-17 / Estudos recentes têm desafiado o paradigma atual da fisiologia do exercício, onde os mecanismos que determinam a tolerância ao exercício estão relacionados a aspectos dos sistemas cardiovascular, respiratório, metabólico e mecanismos neuromusculares, passando a enfatizar o papel crucial desempenhado pelo cérebro na regulação do desempenho no exercício. Assim, a estimulação cerebral não-invasiva, como por exemplo, a estimulação transcraniana por corrente contínua (ETCC) vem sendo utilizada para aprimorar o desempenho e a tolerância ao exercício físico. Embora os resultados desta associação sejam considerados promissores, poucos estudos, até o momento, avaliaram a associação da ETCC com o exercício físico dinâmico. Esta tese apresenta dois artigos originais realizados com o propósito de promover o progresso na pesquisa da associação entre a ETCC e a excitabilidade cortical com o exercício físico. O primeiro estudo foi realizado para investigar os efeitos de diferentes intensidades de exercício na excitabilidade corticoespinal em exercício dinâmico. Nesta pesquisa, 18 indivíduos saudáveis participaram de um estudo crossover com três diferentes protocolos de exercícios em cicloergômetro: (i) 10 min a 75% Wmax (intensidade alta); (ii) 15 min a 60% Wmáx (intensidade moderada) ou (iii) 30 min a 45% Wmáx (intensidade baixa). A sessão controle foi feita com indivíduos em repouso. A excitabilidade cortical foi avaliada pela estimulação magnética transcraniana (EMT). Os resultados deste estudo são apresentados no artigo intitulado " Intensity-dependent effects of physical exercise on corticospinal excitability in healthy humans: a pilot study ", os resultados sugerem que a diminuição da excitabilidade corticoespinal foi encontrada apenas na sessão de exercício de intensidade alta. O segundo estudo foi realizado a fim de investigar se a ETCC, no córtex motor (M1) ou córtex temporal esquerdo (T3), melhoram a tolerância ao exercício e verificar os efeitos da ETCC na excitabilidade cortical de indivíduos saudáveis não atletas. Os resultados deste estudo são apresentados no artigo intitulado: " Does tDCS might be effective to improve physical performance and attenuate effort perception during maximal dynamic exercise in non-athletes? ". Os resultados apontam que a ETCC não foi eficaz em melhorar o desempenho em exercício dinâmico máximo, todavia a ETCC anódica aplicada na área motora da perna (M1) pode aumentar a excitabilidade cortical de indivíduos saudáveis. / Contemporary’studies have challenged the current paradigm of exercise physiology, where mechanisms determining exercise tolerance have focused on the cardiovascular, respiratory, metabolic and neuromuscular mechanisms, by emphasising the crucial role played by the brain in the regulation of exercise performance. Thus, non-invasive brain stimulation, as for exemple, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has recently been used to improve performance and tolerance to physical exercise. Although, the results from this associations could be promising, a few studies are reported with association of tDCS with dynamic exercise. This thesis presents two original articles conducted with the purpose of progress in the researching of the association of tDCS and excitability cortical with physical exercise. The first study was done in order to investigate effects of different intensities of locomotor exercise on corticospinal excitability. In this study, 18 healthy subjects participated in a crossover design study of three different exercise protocols on a cycle ergometer: (i) 10 min at 75% Wmax (high intensity); (ii) 15min at 60% Wmax (moderate intensity) or (iii) 30 min at 45% Wmax (low intensity). A control session was done with subjects at rest. Cortical excitability was evaluated trough transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). The results of this study are shown in the article entitled “Intensity-dependent effects of physical exercise on corticospinal excitability in healthy humans: a pilot study” and the results suggest that decrease in corticospinal excitability was found only in the session of exercise of high intensity. The second study was performed in order to determine whether tDCS, in motor cortex (M1) or left temporal cortex (T3), improve exercise tolerance in healthy non-athlete subjects and verify the effects of tDCS on cortical excitability of healthy subjects. The results of this study are shown in the article titled: Does tDCS might be effective to improve physical performance and attenuate effort perception during maximal dynamic exercise in nonathletes?. The results pointed out that tDCS is not be effective to improve performance in maximal dynamic exercise, but anodal tDCS in M1 might increase cortical excitability in lower limbs motor cortex.
32

Escala medida da função motora (MFM) : novo instrumento de avaliação em doenças neuromusculares / Motor function measure (MFM) scale : new instrument to measure neuromuscular disease

Iwabe, Cristina 14 August 2018 (has links)
Orientadores: Anamarli Nucci, Luis Alberto Magna / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T03:53:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Iwabe_Cristina_D.pdf: 1754354 bytes, checksum: 4d6a8aa043ff9b54a822122861754044 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: Os objetivos do estudo foram: traduzir a escala francesa Medida da Função Motora (MFM) para o português; identificar a confiabilidade de sua aplicação intra e interexaminador; validar a versão em português da MFM (MFM-P) em pacientes brasileiros com doenças neuromusculares; estudar a aplicabilidade da MFM-P na desproporção congênita de tipos de fibras (DCTF), em associação com ressonância magnética de músculo, e na distrofia miotônica (DM-1), correlacionando o grau de força. Métodos: tradução e retrotradução da escala foram realizadas, resultando em texto consensual. Na análise da confiabilidade, a aplicação da MFM-P foi documentada em vídeo em 58 pacientes de 6 a 60 anos, e diversos diagnósticos de doenças neuromusculares. O autor realizou o teste e re-teste e outros três fisioterapeutas analisaram os vídeos para avaliação estatística interexaminador dos resultados, através dos coeficientes de Kendall, kappa e Pearson. Para a validação da escala, 65 pacientes foram examinados pela escala MFM-P, Índice de Barthel (IB) e escala de Vignos. Na análise estatística utilizou-se o coeficiente de correlação de Spearman, com valor de p < 0,05. Para a aplicabilidade da MFM-P na DCTF, examinou-se pai e dois filhos da mesma família, submetidos a ressonância magnética de músculo. Na DM-1, verificou-se a correlação entre a MFM-P e a força muscular, através do coeficiente de correlação de Pearson. Resultados: os coeficientes de concordância de Kendall para a análise interexaminador e os coeficientes kappa e de Pearson para o teste e re-teste foram estatisticamente significativos (p-valor < 0.0001) nos 32 itens da escala e no escore total. Na validação da MFM-P observou-se alta correlação significativa com IB (r= 0,980; p <0,001) e com a escala de Vignos (r= -0,894; p<0,001). Os pacientes com DCTF apresentaram limitações nas atividades da dimensão 1 (em pé e transferências) da MFM-P, devido à fraqueza muscular mais acentuada em membros inferiores em concordância com os dados da ressonância magnética de músculo. No estudo dos pacientes com DM-1, obser-vou-se fraqueza simétrica dos membros inferiores, superiores e região axial, sendo que o segmento distal foi o mais deficitário. A correlação da força com as funções motoras na DM-1 demonstrou que a fraqueza muscular (grau igual ou inferior a 4) ocasiona prejuízo na execução das atividades funcionais, tornando o individuo dependente para suas atividades de vida diária. Concluiu-se pelo estudo da validade e confiabilidade, que a MFM-P mostrou-se eficaz como instrumento de avaliação em doenças neuromusculares / Abstract: The objective of this study were: to translate the French version of Motor Function Measure (MFM) into the Portuguese language; to describe the inter and intraexaminer reliability of the Portuguese MFM version (P-MFM); to validate the PMFM in Brazilian patients with neuromuscular disease; to analyzed the applicability of the P-MFM in congenital fibre type disproportion (CFTD), associated with muscle magnetic resonance image, and in Myotonic Dystrophy type 1 (MD-1), correlating with the strength. Methods: for the accomplishment of the Portuguese MFM version scale, two MFM translations were produced separately by proficient neurologists in French, resulting in a consensual text after evaluation by authors. For assessment of reliability of P-MFM, 58 patients, aged to 6 from 60 years, and several diagnostics neuromuscular disease were documented on video tape. The test-retest examiner (intrarater) and three other physiotherapists (interrater) analyzed the video tape, and the results were calculated by Kendall, kappa and Pearson coefficients. For validation of the scale, 65 patients were analyzed by the P-MFM, Barthel Index (BI) and Vignos scale. Statistical analyzes were conducted using Spearman correlation coefficients, p-value < 0,05. For the applicability of the P-MFM in CFTD it was evaluated from the same family, father and two sons, associated to the analysis of the muscle magnetic resonance. In the MD-1, it was analyzed the correlation between the P-MFM and muscle strength, using the Pearson correlation coefficient for statistical analysis. Results: the Kendall coefficients for the inter-examiner analysis and kappa and Pearson coefficients for the test-retest were statistically significant (p-value < 0,001) for the 32 items on the scale and total score. The P-MFM validation observed highly significant correlation with BI (r = 0,980; p < 0,001) and with the Vignos scale (r= - 0,894; p < 0,001). The patients with CFTD showed limitations in the activities of dimension 1 (standing and transfers) of the P-MFM, due more weakness in lower limbs, confirmed with those data in muscle magnetic resonance. In patients with MD-1, observed symmetrical weakness in the lower, upper limbs and axial region, with the most deficient in the distal segment. The correlation between strength and motor function in the MD-1 showed the strength reduction (score equal or less than 4) cause damage in the functional activities performance, reducing the independence for activities of daily living. In conclusion, with the reliability and validity of the PMFM, this scale can be used as useful tool in neuromuscular disease. The scale allowed monitoring the progress of the clinical in patients with CFTD. In patients with MD-1, observed the correlation between strength and motor function, mainly in distal segment / Doutorado / Ciencias Biomedicas / Doutor em Ciências Médicas
33

Avaliação do nível de atividade física diária e fatores preditivos em crianças asmáticas da cidade de São Paulo / Assess the level of daily physical activity and predictors of asthmatic children in São Paulo

Andrey Wirgues de Sousa 26 September 2012 (has links)
INTRODUÇÃO: A atividade física regular trás benefício à saúde, reduzindo a obesidade, morbidades e a mortalidade e, em pacientes asmáticos, a atividade física melhora os sintomas da doença. Apesar disso, ainda existe divergência na literatura se crianças asmáticas são fisicamente ativas, e isto parece depender do método empregado, da gravidade da doença e do controle clínico. OBJETIVO: Comparamos a atividade física de vida diária (AFVD) entre crianças com diferentes gravidades da asma e identificamos fatores que possam dificultar a realização das AFVD. MÉTODO: Estudo transversal com 121 crianças, sendo 79 asmáticas das quais (32 asma persistente leve, 24 asma persistente moderada, 23 asma persistente grave) e 42 controles, de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 7 a 12 anos. As crianças asmática estavam em tratamento médico há, no mínimo, 6 meses e com a doença controlada. O nível de AFVD foi monitorado com um acelerômetro durante 6 dias (4 dias da semana e 2 de final de semana). A função pulmonar e as barreiras que dificultam a realização da AFVD também foram avaliadas. RESULTADOS: Os nossos resultados mostraram que o número total de passos, e as atividades realizadas em intensidade moderada foram similares entre as crianças com as diferentes gravidades da asma. O percentual de crianças asmáticas fisicamente ativas foi similar quando comparado com as crianças sem asma (respectivamente, 51,9% vs. 50%; p>0,05). Não foi observada diferença nos parâmetros funcionais da função pulmonar (obstrução fixa, resposta ao broncodilatador e variabilidade do VEF1) entre as crianças asmáticas fisicamente ativas e as sedentárias (p>0,05). Porém, foi observado um maior percentual de crianças com sobrepeso ou obesidade entre os asmáticos sedentários quando comparado às crianças fisicamente ativas (respectivamente, 24,1% vs. 11,1%; p<0,05). As barreiras ambientais foram as mais relatadas pelas crianças com e sem asma (p>0,05), porém este fator foi relatado em maior proporção pelas crianças asmáticas sedentárias quando comparado àquelas fisicamente ativas (respectivamente, 34,2% vs. 14,6%; p<0,05). CONCLUSÕES: As crianças asmáticas com a doença controlada tiveram o mesmo nível de AFVD entre as diferentes gravidades da doença e que seus pares sem asma. A gravidade da doença, fatores ligados à função pulmonar e a percepção da doença como barreira para atividade física pareceu não estar associadas ao sedentarismo. As barreiras ambientais foram as mais relatadas pelas crianças com e sem asma, porém, nas crianças asmáticas sedentárias essas barreiras pareceram ser ainda mais relevantes / BACKGROUND: Regular physical activity promotes health benefits by reducing obesity, morbidity and mortality, and who has asthma, physical activity improves the symptoms of disease. Nevertheless, there is disagreement in the literature whether asthmatic children are physically active, and this seems to depend on the method used, severity of disease and clinical control. OBJECTIVE: We compared Daily Physical Activity (DPA) among children of different severity levels of asthma and we have identified factors that may hinder DPA. METHOD: Cross-Sectional study with 121 children, 79 with asthma (32 mild persistent asthma, 24 moderate persistent asthma, 23 severe persistent asthma) and 42 children without asthma, of both sexes, aged between of 7 and 12 years. The asthmatic children were under medical treatment for at least 6 months and the disease controlled. DPA was monitored with an accelerometer for 6 days (4 weekdays and 2 weekends). Pulmonary function and barriers that hinder DPA were also assessed. RESULTS: Our results showed that the total number of steps, and the activities performed at moderate intensity were similar between children with different severities of asthma. The percentage of physically active children with asthma was similar when compared with children without asthma (respectively, 51,9% vs. 50%; p>0,05). There was no difference in respiratory function parameters (fixed obstruction, bronchodilator response and variability of FEV1) among the asthmatic children physically active and sedentary (p> 0.05). However, we found that sedentary asthmatic children were more overweight or obese than physically active asthmatic children (respectively, 24,1% vs. 11,1%; p<0,05). The environmental barriers were the most frequently reported by children with and without asthma (p> 0,05), but this factor was reported in a higher proportion by sedentary asthmatic children compared to those physically active (respectively, 34,2% vs. 14,6%; p<0,05). CONCLUSIONS: Clinically controlled asthmatic children had the same level of DPA between different severities of asthma and their peers without asthma. The severity of disease, factors related to lung function and perception of disease as a barrier to physical activity did not seem be associated with sedentary lifestyle. The environmental barriers were the most frequently reported by children with and without asthma, however in sedentary asthmatic children these barriers seemed to be even more relevant
34

The Effects of Musical Stimuli on the Gross Motor Activity of Profound Mental Retardates

Angelloz, Robert E. 05 1900 (has links)
It was the purpose of this present study to investigate the effects of two types of music, tonic and sedative, on the gross motor activity of profound mental retardates. The primary objective was to determine if therapeutic benefits resulting from the application of music could be extended to profound retardates as has already been demonstrated with other levels of retardation.
35

Correlação do nível de comprometimento da hemiparesia com o uso do membro superior parético

Silva, Erika Shirley Moreira da 22 February 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Luciana Sebin (lusebin@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-05T18:28:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissESMS.pdf: 1544763 bytes, checksum: eed2288eeea4a74dd8ad7c6c3cfe82d2 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-14T14:12:09Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissESMS.pdf: 1544763 bytes, checksum: eed2288eeea4a74dd8ad7c6c3cfe82d2 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-14T14:12:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissESMS.pdf: 1544763 bytes, checksum: eed2288eeea4a74dd8ad7c6c3cfe82d2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-14T14:12:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissESMS.pdf: 1544763 bytes, checksum: eed2288eeea4a74dd8ad7c6c3cfe82d2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-22 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / The Motor Activity Log (MAL) assesses the spontaneous use of the affected upper limb during daily activities in real environments in after hemiparetic individuals stroke, reflecting their functional ability. There have been no studies analyzing the correlation between MAL Scales and sensorimotor impairment different levels in individuals post-stroke assessed by the Fugl-Meyer Scale. Objectives: To verify if there is a correlation between sensoriomotor impairment different levels of hemiparesis and the use of the paretic upper limb; to observe the differences between the MAL scales scores applied to individuals with varying degrees of impairment and to verify the dimensionality of the level of activity of scales MAL using Rasch analysis. Methods: Included 66 patients with chronic hemiparesis (n=49 - mild-moderate hemiparesis, n=17 - severe hemiparesis). All subjects were evaluated by Fugl-Meyer Scale, Mini Mental State Examination, and MAL (versions 30, 4/5 and MAL 50 – sum of the versions). The Pearson correlation test verified the correlation between the Fugl- Meyer for upper limb and the amount and quality of use scales of MAL. A one-way ANOVA for repeated measures with Bonferroni adjustment was used for each group to verify differences between MAL scales scores. In addition, the level of difficulty of the MAL activities was evaluated by the Rasch model. Results: There was high significant positive correlation between the scores of Fugl-Meyer scale and amount of use scale of MAL 30 (r = 0.76; p <0.001), MAL 4/5 (r = 0.78; p <0.001) and MAL 50 (r = 0.77; p <0.001). The amount of use and quality scale of the 3 results were different for mildmoderate hemiparesis (p <0.001). The MAL 4/5 showed the highest score compared to MAL 30 and MAL 50 in severe hemiparesis (p <0.001). The activities were ordered as the difficulty of execution, however, the MAL 4/5 activities were not the easiest. Conclusion: The higher the degree of motor impairment in hemiparesis, lower the use of the affected upper limb evaluated by MAL scale and the difficulty of the activities influences the amount of use and the quality of the affected upper limb in these individuals. The MAL 4/5, developed for individuals with severe motor impairment, does not present all the activities with less difficulty than the original scale. / A Motor Activity Log (MAL) avalia o uso espontâneo do membro superior afetado para realização das atividades diárias em ambientes reais em indivíduos hemiparéticos após Acidente Vascular Encefálico (AVE), refletindo a habilidade funcional desses indivíduos. Não foram encontrados estudos analisando a correlação entre as escalas MAL e os diferentes níveis de comprometimento sensoriomotor de pacientes pós-AVE avaliados na escala de Escala Fugl-Meyer. Objetivos: Verificar se há correlação dos diferentes níveis de comprometimento sensoriomotor da hemiparesia com o uso do membro superior parético; se há diferença entre as pontuações das escalas MAL aplicada a indivíduos com diferentes graus de comprometimento; e verificar a dimensionalidade dos níveis das atividades das escalas MAL usando a análise de Rasch. Métodos: Participaram 66 indivíduos com hemiparesia crônica (n=49-hemiparesia levemoderada, n=17-hemiparesia grave). Todos foram avaliados por meio da escala Fugl- Meyer, Mini Exame do Estado Mental, e MAL (versões 30, 4/5 e MAL 50-junção das versões). O teste de correlação de Pearson verificou a correlação entre a Fugl-Meyer para membro superior e as escalas de quantidade e qualidade da MAL. Uma ANOVA One-Way de medidas repetidas com ajuste de Bonferroni foi utilizada para cada grupo para verificar diferenças entre as pontuações nas escalas MAL. Além disso, o nível de dificuldade das atividades da MAL foi avaliado pelo modelo Rasch. Resultados: Houve alta correlação significativa e positiva entre as pontuações da escala Fugl-Meyer e da Escala de Quantidade de movimento da MAL 30 (r=0,76; p<0,001), MAL 4/5 (r=0,78; p<0,001) e MAL 50 (r=0,77; p<0,001). As pontuações das Escalas de Quantidade e Qualidade dos 3 resultados são diferentes entre si para o grupo hemiparesia levemoderada (p<0,001). A MAL 4/5 apresentou maior pontuação quando comparada com a MAL 30 e a MAL 50 no grupo hemiparesia grave (p<0,001). As atividades foram ordenadas conforme a dificuldade de execução, no entanto, as atividades da MAL 4/5 não são as mais fáceis. Conclusão: Quanto maior o grau de comprometimento sensoriomotor em hemiparéticos, menor o uso do membro superior afetado avaliado pela escala MAL, e dificuldade das atividades influencia na quantidade e qualidade do uso do membro superior afetado nesses indivíduos. A MAL 4/5, desenvolvida para indivíduos com grave comprometimento sensoriomotor, não apresenta todas as atividades com grau de dificuldade menor em relação à escala original.
36

Plasticity in the dopamine 1 receptor system : behavior and cell biological studies /

Scott, Lena, January 2004 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2004. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.
37

Inhalationssedering på CIVA : en retrospektiv beskrivning / Sedation by inhalation at CIVA : a retrospective description

Åbergh, Camilla, Eriksson, Marie January 2010 (has links)
Bakgrund: Patienter som ventilatorvårdas på intensivvårdsavdelning behöver ofta någon form av lätt sömn (sedering) för att tolerera endotrachealtuben och ventilatorbehandling. De traditionella intravenösa läkemedel som ges har lång halveringstid och det är stor risk för kvardröjande effekter. Syfte: Denna pilotstudie syftar till att studera sederingsdjupet enligt MAAS hos de patienter som blivit sederade med inhalationsgas, kontrollera vakenhetsgraden enligt GCS hos dessa patienter efter avslutad sedering, samt beskriva vilka patientgrupperna är som fått inhalationssedering. Metod: Journalgranskning där resultatet har analyserats och kategoriserats, därefter har en sambandsanalys gjorts. Resultat: I resultatet identifierades 3 patientkategorier som fått isofluransedering: patienter med hotad luftväg som förväntats behöva kort sederingstid och snabb väckning, patienter som var svåra att sedera optimalt med intravenös metod samt patienter med organsvikt där risk för ackumulation och/ eller förlängd elimination av läkemedel förelåg. Något samband mellan MAAS 12 timmar före extubation och GCS- värde efter väckning hos de 14 patienter som ingick i studien har inte kunna styrkas. Konklusion: Inhalationssedering med isofluran förefaller vara en effektiv sederingsmetod när en lättstyrd sederingssituation med möjlighet till snabb väckning prioriteras, samt när man strävar efter att patienten ska uppnå 14-15 i GCS- värde så snart som möjligt efter väckning och extubation. / Background: Patients which are nursed by ventilator at the intensive care unit often need some form of sedative in order to tolerate an endotracheal tube and the ventilator treatment. The traditional intravenous drugs have a long half- life and potential risk for lingering effects. Aim: This pilot study aim to study the depth of sedation according to MAAS with the patients having been sedated with inhalation gas, check alertness according to GCS with these patients after completion of sedation, and describe which group of patients that have received inhalation treatment. Method: Journal Review where the result have been analysed and categorized then a link analysis has been made. Result: In the result three patient categories were identified which had received isoflurane sedation: patients with threatened airway and expected short time of sedation and fast wake- up, patients which were difficult to sedate optimally with intravenous method, and patients with organ failure where risk for accumulation and/ or  extended elimination of drugs were expected. Any relationship between MAAS 12 hour prior to extubation and GCS- score after awakening with the 14 patients included in the study have not been established. Conclusion: Sedation by isoflurane inhalation seems to be an effective sedation method when an easily controlled sedation situation with the possibility of a fast awakening are prioritized as well as when the strive is to achieve a GCS- score of 14-15 as soon as possible after awakening and extubation.
38

Musik-lek-motorik : En kvalitativ studie av förstaklasslärares uppfattningar om motorik / Music-Play-Motor Activity : A qualitative study of first grade teachers’ opinions regarding motor activity

Werling, Malin January 2011 (has links)
Syftet med det här arbetet är att undersöka förstaklasslärares uppfattningar om hur motorisk träning hanteras i skolan och vad träningen kan leda till. Av intresse är också att undersöka vilken roll musiken kan spela i den motoriska träningen. Arbetet baseras på en kvalitativ undersökning i form av intervjuer med fem verksamma pedagoger inom grundskolans verksamhet. I bakgrundslitteraturen beskrivs den motoriska utvecklingen, problem som kan uppstå vid brister i motoriken, forskning om motorisk träning samt musikens roll vid motorisk träning. Den valda litteraturen visar på en splittrad syn när det gäller motorikträningens betydelse för barns lärande. Resultaten av intervjuundersökningen visar däremot att pedagogerna ser kopplingar mellan motorik och lärande, men också att det hela är mycket komplext. Kopplingen mellan motorik och lärande uppfattas i huvudsak gå via social utveckling, hjärnans utveckling samt leken med mera. Arbetet belyser att det finns likheter i pedagogernas uppfattningar, men olikheter i hur de arbetar. Den motoriska träningen kan se ut på olika sätt, men stor vikt läggs på lekens betydelse. / The purpose of this work is to investigate the class teacher’s perception of how motor training is carried out in school, and what the training can lead to. The aim is also to examine what role music can play in motor training. The work is based on a qualitative study in the form of interviews with five teachers active at the primary school stage. In the background literature, motor development is described, problems that can arise from lack of motor skills, research in motor training and the role of music in training motor skills. The selected literature shows a divided view about the significance of motor training in a child’s learning process. The results of the interview analysis show however, that the teachers see connections between motor function and learning, but also that this is a very complex matter. The connection between motor function and learning can be seen in social development, development of the brain, playing, and more. The work illustrates that there are similarities in the opinions of teachers, but differences in the way they work. The motor training can be done in different ways, but great importance is attached to playing.
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Asociación entre el riesgo de depresión mayor y el bajo nivel de actividad física en trabajadores peruanos que cursan estudios universitarios

Murillo Pérez, Luis, Rojas Adrianzén, Carolay, Ramos Torres, Gabriela, Cárdenas Vicente, Bryan, Hernández Fernández, Wendy, Larco Castilla, Piero Fernando, Mezones Holguín, Edward 29 September 2014 (has links)
Agradecimientos: a la Dirección de la División de Estudios para Ejecutivos (EPE) de la Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), por facilitar el acceso a su población de estudiantes. Al Vicerrectorado de Investigación de la UPC por el apoyo para la redacción del presente artículo. Al médico Vicente Benites-Zapata (Instituto Nacional de Salud, Lima, Perú) por su revisión y sugerencias. / Con el objetivo de evaluar si existe asociación entre el riesgo de depresión mayor (RDM) y la actividad física (AF) controlado por variables sociodemográficas y académicas en trabajadores que cursan estudios de pregrado en una universidad privada de Lima, se desarrolló un estudio de corte transversal analítico en 1111 personas. Se utilizó el inventario de depresión mayor y el cuestionario internacional de actividad física, para medir RDM y AF, respectivamente. La prevalencia de RDM fue 4,2 %. En el modelo de regresión de múltiples variables - ajustado por edad, sexo, desempleo y horas de sueño- la AF baja se asocia con un incremento de la odds de RDM (OR 2,15; IC 95%:1,16–4,00). Se concluye que existe asociación entre la RDM y la AF en la población estudiada, la cual es independiente de factores sociodemográficos y académicos. Se sugieren mejorar estrategias de tamizaje y el desarrollo de est udios longitudinales para evaluar causalidad. / In order to assess if an association exists between the risk of major depression (RMD) and physical activity (PA), controlling for demographic and academic variables in workers enrolled in undergraduate studies at a private university in Lima, Peru, we carried out a cross-sectional study of 1,111 people. We used the Major Depression Inventory (MDI) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) to measure RMD and PA, respectively. RMD prevalence was 4.2%. In the multiple regression model adjusted for age, gender, unemployment and hours of sleep, low levels of PA were associated with increased odds of RDM (OR: 2.15, 95% CI: 1.16 to 4.00). We conclude that there is an association between RMD and PA in the study population, independent of demographic and academics factors. Strategies to improve screening and development of longitudinal studies to assess causality are suggested.
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Effects of 5-hydroxytryptamine on Mouse Lumbar Motor Activity During Postnatal Development

Lowe-Chatham, Janice E. (Janice Elaine) 12 1900 (has links)
The lumbar motor activity in isolated spinal cords of 72 postnatal Balb/C mice aged 2, 5, 10 and 21 days (PN2-21) was electroneurographically recorded (ENG) via bilateral ventral roots following treatment with three different concentrations (25, 100 and 200 pM) of the neurotransmitter, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), i.e., serotonin, to determine its effects on spinal pattern generation.

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