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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
81

L'église catholique au Gabon. De l'entreprise missionnaire à la mise en place d'une église locale 1844 - 1982 / The Roman catholic church in Gabon. From the missionary company to the implementation of a local church 1844 - 1982

Assoumou Nsi, Michel 05 September 2011 (has links)
La naissance des Eglises locales en Afrique, disons-le, est sans conteste l’œuvre première de vaillants missionnaires parfois désintéressés. La mise en place des premières structures sociales et chrétiennes est là pour le démontrer. Dans le cas du Gabon, ce privilège revient au Père Jean Rémy Bessieux et à ses nombreux successeurs. A court, moyen ou long terme, le mission chrétienne devait laisser la place à une organisation autochtone. Toutefois, une lecture attentive de ce passage de flambeau nous laisse comprendre que le chemin a été long et difficile. Dans bien des cas, la mise en place de l’Eglise locale au Gabon s’est souvent avérée plus évidente dans les dires que dans les faits. Contrairement à une certaine historiographie édifiante et apologétique habituée à nous présenter la création du clergé local comme une volonté héroïque et sans conditions des missionnaires, les sources nous indiquent plutôt que les indigènes, avec la première génération de prêtres gabonais ont été des agents précieux dans cette entreprise. La splendide croissance de l’Eglise catholique au Gabon dès le milieu du XXè siècle a été couronnée par l’élévation de l’ancien vicariat en diocèse autonome en 1958 et l’ordination de plusieurs évêques nationaux, formant désormais la hiérarchie locale. En quelque temps, l’Eglise catholique connaissait un développement rapide. Cela était un fait remarquable à tous points de vue, même si en réalité des problèmes cruciaux persistent. Si on considère l’épiscopat de certains nationaux comme un fait indéniable de la croissance de l’Eglise, il ne faut cependant pas oublier d’autres faits comme l’augmentation du nombre de circonscriptions ecclésiastiques, la croissance du nombre de membres autochtones du clergé, de séminaristes et de candidats dans les instituts de vie consacrée, sans omettre l’extension progressive du réseau de catéchistes et de laïcs, dont on sait le rôle dans la diffusion de l’évangile parmi les population gabonaises. Certes, les sources nous décrivent une évolution progressive de l’Eglise locale, mais elles nous présentent aussi une Eglise face à un certain nombre de dangers. Dès 1970, on assiste à des problèmes liés aux revendications de plusieurs clercs locaux. Au début des années 80, c’est face à une Eglise parsemée de difficultés diverses que Sa Sainteté Jean Paul II rend visite en 1982. / The birth of the local churches in Africa is unquestionably the first work of brave sometime made lose interest missionaries. The setting of the first social and Christian structures is here to show it. Concerning Gabon, Father Jean Remy Bessieux and his several successors enjoyed this priviledge. In short; average or long term, the christian missions had to leave the place to an autochthonous organization. However, an attentive reading of this passage of torch lets us understand that the road was long and difficult. In many case, the setting of the local church in Gabon often turned out more evident in the statements than in the facts. Contrary to a certain edifying and apologetic historiography which used to show the creation of the local clergy as a heroic will, and without any conditions from the missionaries, sources rather point out that the native have been some very precious factors in this enterprise with the first generation of Gabonese priests. The magnificent growth of the Roman Catholic Church in the Gabon from the middle of the XXth century was crowned by the rise of the former vicariate in autonomous diocese in 1958 and the ordination of several national bishops, forming henceforth the local hierarchy. From all sides, it appeared as a remarkable fact, even if some crucial problems are persisting. If one considers the episcopate of some native as an unmistakable fact of the growth of the church, you should not however forget the other facts as the increase in the number of aboriginal members of clergy, of seminarists and candidates in the institutes of consecrated life. Moreover, one should not omit the progressive expansion of the catechists and laics, of which have knows the role mattering in the broadcasting of the gospel among the Gabonese peoples. Indeed sources are describing a progressive evolution of the local church, but also show a church facing a certain number of dangers. From 1970, we attend problems connected to the demands of several local clerks. In the beginning of the 80s, it is in front of one church strewed with diverses difficulties that his Holiness, Jean Paul II visits in 1982.
82

Um Brasil chamado Noronha : conflito identidade e territorio em um paraiso natural / Called Brazil Noronha : conflict identity and territory in a natural paradise

Santonieri, Laura Rodrigues, 1975- 12 November 2006 (has links)
Orientador: Mauro William Barbosa de Almeida / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-08T23:39:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Santonieri_LauraRodrigues_M.pdf: 57256084 bytes, checksum: 7b06424bfb032a4c4e8c7b7228c24dc1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: A dissertação de mestrado teve como objetivo estudar a construção e uso da identidade de 'nativo' entre os moradores da ilha de Fernando de Noronha, por meio da investigação dos conflitos sociais, num contexto marcado pela ambigüidade de critérios de uso do território. Local importante como unidade de conservação e como pólo turístico de elite, o Arquipélago é também habitado por moradores cuja origem remonta ao tempo em que a ilha foi presídio federal e quartel, e que hoje disputam com os novos moradores - os 'haoles' - a legitimidade no uso dos espaços e o monopólio da exploração turística / Abstract: This dissertation had as objective to study the construction and use of the 'native identity' enters the inhabitants of the island of Fernando De Noronha, by means of the inquiry of the social conflicts, in a context marked for the ambiguity of criteria of use of the territory. Important place as unit of conservation and as tourist polar region of the elite, the Archipelago also is inhabited by inhabitants whose origin retraces to the time where the island was federal penitentiary and quarter, and that today they dispute with the new inhabitants - 'haoles' - the legitimacyin the use of the spaces and the monopoly of the tourist exploration / Mestrado / Mestre em Antropologia Social
83

Effets des invasions biologiques sur les patrons de diversité fonctionnelle et la structure trophique des communautés de poissons d'eau douce / Effects of biological invasions on functional diversity patterns and food web strucutures of lake fish communities

Zhao, Tian 25 September 2015 (has links)
Comprendre la relation entre biodiversité et fonctionnement des écosystèmes est une question centrale de l'écologie moderne. Cette problématique est d'autant plus importante dans le contexte général des perturbations anthropiques sur la biodiversité et les écosystèmes. Les invasions biologiques représentent l'une des causes principales de perte de diversité taxonomique et de modification des écosystèmes. Ceci est particulièrement le cas dans les écosystèmes aquatiques d'eau douce qui sont soumis à de nombreuses introductions d'espèces non-natives de poissons qui peuvent modifier la structure des communautés et altérer les interactions biotiques entre espèces. Les interactions trophiques et les réseaux trophiques qu'elles forment sont à la base des liens entre la structure même de la biodiversité et le fonctionnement des écosystèmes. Par conséquent, identifier les impacts des espèces non-natives sur la structure trophique des communautés est crucial pour estimer comment le fonctionnement des écosystèmes et les services qu'ils rendent peuvent répondre aux invasions biologiques. Dans cette étude, 18 lacs de gravières ont été sélectionnés et leurs communautés piscicoles quantifiées durant deux années consécutives afin de tester les effets des invasions biologiques sur les patrons de diversité fonctionnelle et la structure trophique des communautés piscicoles. Dans un premier temps, nous avons étudié le rôle des facteurs environnementaux sur la composition et la structure des communautés de poissons. Nos résultats ont démontré que la structure des communautés de poissons différait de manière significative entre lacs et nous avons notamment observé que les lacs gérés principalement à des fins halieutiques présentaient une plus forte richesse taxonomique. Nous avons également démontré que les espèces natives et non-natives étaient dominantes dans des lacs avec des caractéristiques environnementales différentes, alors que les pratiques de gestion jouaient davantage un rôle sur structures des communautés. Dans l'ensemble, cette étude a permis de démontrer que la composition des communautés piscicoles évoluait de manière prévisible le long d'un gradient environnemental associé au niveau de maturité des lacs et des pratiques de gestion associées. Dans un second temps, nous avons quantifié l'importance de la variabilité intraspécifique des traits fonctionnels au sein d'une espèce modèle, le black-bass (Micropterus salmoides). Plus précisément, nous avons échantillonné l'ensemble d'une population and nous avons démontré que la variabilité des traits fonctionnels entre les individus était forte et pouvait affecter les estimations de diversité fonctionnelle. De plus, le très faible chevauchement de niches fonctionnelles et isotopiques entre les différentes classes d'âge indiquaient qu'elles doivent être considérées comme des entités fonctionnelles distinctes. Nous avons également démontré l'existence d'une corrélation entre les traits fonctionnels et les valeurs isotopiques du carbone et de l'azote, suggérant ainsi un lien entre spécialisation trophique et les différences de traits fonctionnels au sein des différents stades de vie. Dans un troisième temps, en intégrant la variabilité intraspécifique des traits fonctionnels à l'échelle de la communauté, nous avons examiné les structures fonctionnelles des différentes communautés piscicoles le long d'un gradient d'invasions. Nos résultats ont démontré que les entités natives et non-natives de poissons différaient significativement en terme de traits fonctionnels et que le " niche partitioning " était le mécanisme principal permettant la coexistence des espèces natives et non-natives ayant des traits fonctionnels similaires. / Understanding the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning is a central question in modern ecology. This question is particularly crucial in the general context of human perturbations on both biodiversity and ecosystems. Biological invasions are considered as one of the leading causes of the ongoing taxonomic diversity crisis and the modification of ecosystems. This is especially true in freshwater ecosystems since the widespread introductions of non-native fish can modify recipient communities notably by changing the biotic interactions between species. Trophic interactions represent the linkage between the structural characteristics of biodiversity and the functioning of ecosystems, describing the network of species and the energy links between them. Identifying the impacts of non-native fish species on the trophic structure of recipient communities is therefore crucial to estimate how ecosystem functioning and ecosystem services might respond to biological invasions. In the present study, fish communities from 18 gravel pit lakes were selected and monitored during two consecutive years to test the effects of biological invasions on functional diversity patterns and the trophic structure of fish communities. We first investigated the environmental determinants of fish community composition and structure in these gravel pit lakes. Our results demonstrated that fish community structure significantly differed between lakes and we notably found that lakes highly managed for angling hosted higher levels of taxonomic diversity. We also found that native and non-native species were dominant in lakes with different environmental conditions, while management practices play a critical role in shaping fish species composition. Overall, these findings demonstrated that fish community composition followed a predictable shift along an environmental gradient linked to the natural maturation of gravel pit lakes and the associated human practices. Second, we quantified the importance of intraspecific variability in functional traits in a model species, the largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). We sampled a whole population in a private pond and found that functional trait variability among individuals within the same population could affect estimates of functional diversity. Moreover, the extremely low overlap for both functional and stable isotope niches between age-classes indicated that different age classes within a species should be considered as distinct functional entities. We also demonstrated the existence of a significant correlation between functional traits and stable isotope values, suggesting the existence of a linkage between trophic specialization and differences in functional traits within each life stage. Third, incorporating intraspecific variation in functional traits at the community level, we examined the functional attributes of fish communities in the studied lakes. Our results demonstrated that native and non-native fish significantly differed in terms of functional traits. We also demonstrated that niche partitioning was the principal mechanism allowing the coexistence of native and non-native fish with similar functional traits.
84

Las mujeres ticuna / Ticuna’s woman

Ravelo Pesantes, María Fernanda 07 July 2021 (has links)
Las mujeres indígenas, en el Perú y en el mundo en general, sufren muchas veces de violencia física y psicológica por parte de sus parejas y también a nivel comunal. Esto se debe a la presencia de relaciones de poder patriarcales y al escaso acceso de servicios judiciales que les permita denunciar. En el presente estudio, se explorará específicamente el caso de las mujeres ticuna, comunidad ubicada en el Trapecio Amazónico, conformado por los países de Perú, Colombia y Brasil. En tal sentido, el propósito de la investigación es estudiar el contexto sociocultural en el que viven las mujeres ticuna desde la perspectiva del Diseño de Moda. Es decir, la información obtenida se transformará en una herramienta de inspiración para la elaboración de una colección de indumentaria para mujeres. Se crearán texturas, colores y formas a partir del análisis teórico y visual. / The indigenous women in Perú and in the world in general, suffer many times of physical and psychological violence from their partners and also, in a communal level. This is because of the presence of relationships of patriarchal power and the poor access to judicial services that allows them to denounce. The present study will explore specifically th cases of ticuna women, community that has place in the Amazonian Trapeze, conformed by the countries of Perú, Colombia and Brasil. In that sense, the pourpose of the research is study the socio-cultural context in which ticuna women live from the perspective of Fashion Design. That is to say, the information obtained will transform in a tool of inspiration to elaborate a collection of attire for women. Textures, colours and forms will be created from the visua and theoric analysis. / Trabajo de investigación
85

Developing Digital Literacy in Digital Natives: A Quantitative Study of Digital Literacy and Niswonger Online Students

Pavlovich, Elizabeth 01 December 2021 (has links)
This non-experimental, quantitative study was completed to determine if Tennessee high school students who take an online, asynchronous course better their digital literacy through the environment of online learning. The study focused on the pretest and posttest scores of Niswonger Online students during the spring and summer semesters of 2021. It grouped the high school students by location, high school size, grade level, and courses taken to assess differences in digital literacy. Finally, it evaluated overall student growth in digital literacy scores after completion of an online high school course. Data from a pretest and posttest of Niswonger Online students were used to assess growth in digital literacy scores after completing an online course. There were six Research Questions that guided this study with six significant findings: 1. Students who were excited about taking the online course had significantly higher levels of digital literacy on the pretest. 2. Students from small high schools (fewer than 1200) scored significantly lower on the pretest than students from larger high schools. 3. Students from rural high schools scored significantly lower on the pretest than students from urban or suburban high schools. 4. There was a significant difference in the means (lower) of Sophomore pretest scores in comparison to other grade levels. 5. There was a significant difference between the average growth scores of students in World Languages and Social Studies and World Languages and Career and Technical courses. 6. On average, students who completed the Niswonger Online course scored significantly higher on the posttest than on the pretest.
86

Nouvelles méthodologies pour la synthèse totale de protéines / New methodologies for total protein synthesis

Cargoët, Marine 13 October 2017 (has links)
Les protéines jouent un rôle essentiel dans le fonctionnement des organismes vivants et sont au cœur de nombreux mécanismes biologiques. La synthèse totale chimique des protéines permet un contrôle précis de leur composition et constitue donc un outil puissant d’investigation des processus biologiques impliquant ces molécules. La synthèse peptidique en phase solide (SPPS) décrite par B. Merrifield en 1963 a révolutionné le domaine. Quelques années plus tard, les méthodes de ligations chimiques et le développement de stratégies d’assemblage de segments peptidiques ont permis la synthèse de nombreuses protéines par voie chimique. Cependant, la difficulté des chimistes à produire de grandes protéines traduit l’absence de méthodes robustes pour la synthèse en routine de tels macromolécules.De nouvelles méthodologies de synthèse totale basées sur la Native Chemical Ligation et les ligations SEA et SeEA ont été développées dans le cadre de cette thèse. En particulier, l’utilisation de sélénoesters latents ou formés in situ a été étudiée pour faciliter l’accès à des protéines de grande taille.La première partie de cette thèse porte sur le potentiel du groupement bis(2-sélényléthyl)amido SeEA, à savoir l’analogue sélénié du groupement bis(2-sulfanyléthyl)amido SEA, pour accélérer la formation de liaisons peptidiques par formation d’intermédiaires sélénoesters. Cette méthode a permis la synthèse de la protéine NK1 (variant naturel du facteur de croissance des hépatocytes HGF) constituée de 180 acides aminés.La seconde partie décrit la formation in situ de sélénoesters à partir de segments peptidiques SEA grâce à la conception de nouveaux catalyseurs à base de sélénium. Ces catalyseurs ont été utilisés pour accélérer deux réactions essentielles dans les procédés de synthèse totale développés dans cette thèse, à savoir la ligation SEA ainsi que la synthèse de peptides thioesters à partir de peptides SEA. L’efficacité de l’un de ces catalyseurs a été illustrée par la synthèse totale de la granulysine.La dernière partie de cette thèse décrit une stratégie d’assemblage séquentielle de segments peptidiques en phase solide, qui constitue une alternative aux méthodes d’assemblage en phase liquide. Ce procédé a été automatisé et présente un grand potentiel pour la synthèse automatisée de protéines par voie chimique. / Proteins play a crucial role in living organisms and in almost all biological mechanisms. The total chemical synthesis of proteins allows an atom by atom control of their structure and thus constitutes a powerful tool of investigation of biological processes involving these molecules. The solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) introduced by B. Merrifield in 1963 has revolutionized the field. Few years later, the discovery of chemical ligation methods and the development of peptide segment assembling strategies has been applied to the synthesis of many proteins. However, the difficulty in accessing large proteins reflects the absence of robust methods for the routine synthesis of such macromolecules.Novel synthetic methods based on Native Chemical Ligation and SEA/SeEA ligations have been developed in the frame of this thesis. In particular, I explored the interest of latent or in situ formed selenesters for facilitating the access to large proteins.The first part of this thesis describes the chemical properties of the bis(2-selenylethyl)amido (SeEA) group, i.e. the selenium analog of the bis(2-sulfanylethyl)amido (SEA) group, and its usefulness for accelerating peptide bond formation. This method was used for the synthesis of the NK1 protein (natural variant of the hepatocyte growth factor, HGF) constituted of 180 amino acids.The second part describes the in situ formation of selenesters through the design of novel selenium catalysts. These catalysts were used to accelerate the SEA ligation as well as the synthesis of thioester peptides from SEA peptides. Both reactions are central in the total synthesis processes developed in this thesis. Their usefulness is illustrated by the total synthesis of granulysin.The last part describes a method for the sequential ligation of peptide segments on a water compatible solid support which is complementary to the solution methods discussed above. This process has been automated and has a great potential for the automated chemical synthesis of proteins.
87

Digitala kakor och skräddare : En kvalitativ intervjustudie om digital natives åsikter gällande övervakning på internet. / Digital cookies and tailors : A qualitative interview study on digital natives' views regarding internet surveillance.

Nordén, Arvid, Andegras, Rasmus January 2022 (has links)
In a time when internet connection is a central part of our everyday lives and wherewe constantly communicate through digital aids, a possible threat has arisen. Surveillance by commercial companies tracks most of what we do on their websites and then stores that data so that, for example, in the future companies can market specific goods that the user has previously looked at. The data collected by a specific supplier is not always saved for that specific company’s use only. The data is also used as a commodity between different online suppliers, the trade itself turns over billions of Swedish kronor every year. The purpose of this study is to examine young adults aged 20-30 (also called digital natives) knowledge, opinions, and thoughts regarding surveillance on the internet for commercial purposes. The study wants to find out what knowledge they say they have, what opinions they have and whether they adapt to the phenomenon by, for example, using VPN services or the like. Previous research in the field has shown that young people do not possess a deep knowledge of the subject and that they rarely adapt to any great extent to the phenomenon. The theoretical framework addresses both the user's and the supplier's perspective. The framework introduces surveillance and integrity from a theoretical perspective, but also addresses the power the supplier has and the financial conditions for the supplier. The results of the study show that, like previous studies in the same field, digital natives do not possess a deep knowledge of the subject and that they rarely adapt. Opinions differ however, where some say they do not care, and some believe that the surveillance has gone too far. In the ensuing discussion, we turn back and forth on the participants' reasoning and try to create a comprehensive picture of why the participants think the way they do.
88

Diabetes Mortality among American Indians and Alaskan Natives by Educational Attainment

Gable, Carrie Ann January 2021 (has links)
No description available.
89

The Taino Are Still Alive, Taino Cuan Yahabo: An Example Of The Social Construction Of Race And Ethnicity

Cintron, David 01 January 2006 (has links)
Definitions and boundaries of race and ethnicity are socially constructed. They are malleable inventions created by the negotiation of ascribed ideas from outside groups and asserted notions from the inside group's membership. The revitalization of Taíno identity and culture within the Puerto Rican and related communities is a classic case example of this negotiation. Although objective conditions exist to recognize the descendants of these Caribbean aboriginals as an identifiable group, their identities are contested and sometimes ridiculed. Even though Taíno heritage is accepted as an essential root of Puerto Rico's cultural and biological make-up, this group has been classified as extinct since the early 16th century. This thesis analyzes the official newsletters of the Taíno Nation of the Antilles--one of the leading organizations working for revitalization. The content of this material culture was dissected and organized into rhetorical categories in order to reveal patterns of endogamic assertions of race and ethnicity. This thesis will provide a descriptive analysis of the Taíno Nation's rhetorical process of convincing the world that they do in fact exist.
90

Commercial Media Viewing Habits: Digital Natives vs. Digital Immigrants

King, Brian J. 20 November 2009 (has links)
No description available.

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