<p>För att bli en demokratisk medborgare behövs kunnande i matematik, då samhällsinformation ska förstås och kritiskt kunna granskas för att ha möjlighet att fatta välgrundade vardagsbeslut. Denna kunskap behövs även för fortsatta studier samt för att få ett fungerande yrkesliv. Fenomenet matematik¬undervisning kan av olika lärare beskrivas, upplevas och uppfattas på kvalitativt skilda sätt. Studiens syfte var att undersöka och beskriva nyexaminerade lärares uppfattningar av fenomenet matematikundervisning samt att nå en ökad förståelse för och kunskap om nyexaminerade lärares första tid som lärare i matematik. Studiens fenomenografiska ansats var kvalitativt analytisk och beskrivande. Ett strategiskt urval har gjorts, där sex lärare har intervjuats. Den kvalitativa forskningsintervjun transkriberades och analyserades, vilket ledde till studiens resultat i form av beskrivnings¬kategorier. Den överordnade beskrivningskategorin var legitimitet, vilket i sin tur beskrevs på tre kvalitativt skilda sätt, som att legitimitet formellt tillskrivs, att legitimitet förvärvas samt att legitimitet tilldelas. Dessa beskrivningskategorier motsvarade studiens kvalitativa variation. Slutsatsen blev att legitimitet påverkade den nyexaminerade lärarens matematikundervisning samt relationen med övriga matematiklärare.</p>

För att bli en demokratisk medborgare behövs kunnande i matematik, då samhällsinformation ska förstås och kritiskt kunna granskas för att ha möjlighet att fatta välgrundade vardagsbeslut. Denna kunskap behövs även för fortsatta studier samt för att få ett fungerande yrkesliv. Fenomenet matematik¬undervisning kan av olika lärare beskrivas, upplevas och uppfattas på kvalitativt skilda sätt. Studiens syfte var att undersöka och beskriva nyexaminerade lärares uppfattningar av fenomenet matematikundervisning samt att nå en ökad förståelse för och kunskap om nyexaminerade lärares första tid som lärare i matematik. Studiens fenomenografiska ansats var kvalitativt analytisk och beskrivande. Ett strategiskt urval har gjorts, där sex lärare har intervjuats. Den kvalitativa forskningsintervjun transkriberades och analyserades, vilket ledde till studiens resultat i form av beskrivnings¬kategorier. Den överordnade beskrivningskategorin var legitimitet, vilket i sin tur beskrevs på tre kvalitativt skilda sätt, som att legitimitet formellt tillskrivs, att legitimitet förvärvas samt att legitimitet tilldelas. Dessa beskrivningskategorier motsvarade studiens kvalitativa variation. Slutsatsen blev att legitimitet påverkade den nyexaminerade lärarens matematikundervisning samt relationen med övriga matematiklärare.

Syftet med studien var att beskriva yrkeserfarna sjuksköterskors upplevelser av att arbeta med och stödja nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskor. En kvalitativ och beskrivande design användes. Undersökningsgruppen bestod av åtta kvinnliga sjuksköterskor från ett sjukhus i mellansverige. Huvudresultatet visade att de yrkeserfarna sjuksköterskorna var nöjda med nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskors arbetsinsats. En viktig aspekt var att nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskor frågade vid osäkerhet för att känna tillit. Sjuksköterskorna ansåg att stöd och uppskattning för att komma in i arbetet och gemenskapen var viktigt för att nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskor skulle känna sig trygga. Trots att sjuksköterskorna upplevde att nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskor var snabblärda, duktiga och nyfikna på att ta in ny lärdom i yrket, kom det dock fram att det fanns svårigheter att fokusera och prioritera rätt. Genomgående ansågs nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskor fokusera mer på dokumentation än omvårdnadsarbetet. Sjuksköterskorna betonade att mer praktik behövdes i grundutbildningen för att bättre förbereda nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskor i klinisk verksamhet. Vidare framkom det att längre introduktionstid behövdes i klinisk verksamhet för att komma in i rutinerna och sjuksköterskerollen. Slutsatsen visade att yrkeserfarna sjuksköterskor var nöjda med arbetsinsatsen från nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskor. Det ansågs viktigt att fråga vid osäkerhet och att mer fokus behövdes på omvårdnadsarbetet. Mer praktik ansågs nödvändigt för att lättare klara av den kliniska verksamheten. / The aim of the study was to describe professional experienced nurses' experiences of working with and supporting newly qualified nurses. A qualitative and descriptive design was used. The study group consisted of eight female nurses from a hospital in central Sweden. The main results showed that the professional experienced nurses were satisfied with the graduates’ nurses’ job performance. An important aspect was that newly qualified nurses asked if unsure to feel confident. The nurses felt that support and appreciation to get into work and community was important for newly qualified nurses to feel safe. Although the nurses felt that newly qualified nurses were quick to learn, skilled and curious to take on new learning in the profession, was however shown that there were difficulties to focus and 0Tprioritize the right0 Consistentlyconsidered graduates nurses to focus more on documentation than nursing. The nurses emphasized that more training was needed in basic education to better prepare graduate nurses for clinical practice. It was also found that longer introduction where needed in clinical practice to get into the routine and the nursing role. The conclusion showed that experienced nurses were satisfied with the effort from newly graduates’ nurses. It was considered important to ask if in doubt and that more focus was needed on nursing. More training was needed to help manage the clinical operations.

The path to a career in nursing begins on the first day of nursing training and is not completed until the nurses have worked one year in their profession. During the training period, the student nurses have training elements in two different activitysystems: the higher education institution and the healthcare sector. The aim of this study is to examine and highlight the relationship between the different parts of the training as well as how the relationship is manifested during the newly qualified nurses’ initial period in the profession. The research’s overall question is what makes the newly qualified nurses’ learning and knowledge development easier or harder in relation to the different parts of the nursing training. Interviews have been used to create data which have been analysed based on activity theory, a social theory of learning and different ways of describing knowledge. The research findings show that the activity systems have different knowledge cultures, learning processes and patterns of action. The study participants describe the differences in terms of being in ‘different worlds’. The newly qualified nurses do not always have the practical skills that are sought after and, therefore, cannot always act as independent subjects, but become marginalized non-participants who observe the course of events. Supervision and the rounds are the two most demanding duties during the first year in the profession, since these duties have been practiced to a limited extent during the nurse training placement. The supervisory function appears different to newly qualified male and female nurses. The women in the study feel that it is problematic to be a supervisor for older experienced assistant nurses, in that the assistant nurses do not accept them as supervisors. The men do not indicate this as being a problem, rather emphasizing that the assistant nurses support them in the supervisory function. During the rounds, the nurses must inform the doctor of the state of the patients’ health and care needs. The participants feel that it is difficult to live up to the doctors’ demands ahead of the rounds. In summary, my findings show that the different knowledge cultures in the higher education institution and the healthcare sector make the newly qualified nurses’ learning and knowledge development more difficult. During the first year in the profession, the newly qualified nurses learn to be nurses, and they talk about themselves as nurses in a totally different way than at the start of that year. The changed way of talking about themselves indicates that they have recreated their identity from student nurses to nurses.

Bakgrund: Erfarna sjuksköterskor upplever att nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskor har svårigheter att arbeta självständigt, hantera det höga arbetstempot, planera sitt arbete och delegering. Dock anser sjuksköterskestudenter att utbildningen förbereder dem för sjuksköterskerollen, samt att de är kompetenta nog att klara arbetet som sjuksköterska. Sjuksköterskestudenter menar även att yrket är mer komplext än de tidigare trott. Metod: Kvalitativ, systematisk litteraturstudie med beskrivande syntes. Analys av 13 artiklar. Syfte: Att beskriva nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskors upplevelser av att vårda. Resultat: Resultatet består av två teman och sju subteman. Att vara nybörjare inkluderade upplevelsen av att inte vara redo, att ha höga förväntningar, att erfara det oväntade samt att uppleva ett behov av stöd och handledning. Att bli ett med sjuksköterskerollen handlade om att sjuksköterskorna upplevde sig mer självsäkra, var mer tillfreds i sjuksköterskerollen samt hade fått en bättre förståelse för sjuksköterskerollen. Slutsats: Nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskor upplevde första tiden som oroväckande och svår. Sjuksköterskerollen kändes överväldigande men med tiden blev den lättare att hantera. Nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskor upplevde att de fått en bättre förståelse för arbetet, var mer självsäkra samt höll en högre kvalitet i vårdandet. Resultatet skulle kunna vara till nytta för erfarna sjuksköterskor, arbetsgivare och nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskor. / Background: Experienced nurses experience that newly qualified nurses have difficulties in working independently, coping with the high work rate, planning their work and delegating. However, nursing students thinks that nursing school prepares them for the nursing role, and that they are competent enough to handle the work as a nurse. Nursing students also mean that the work is more complex then what they originally thought. Method: Qualitative, systematic literature review with a descriptive synthesis. Analysis of 13 articles. Aim: To describe newly qualified nurses’ experiences of nursing. Results: The result was built out of two themes and seven subthemes. To be a beginner included the experience of not being ready, to have high expectations, to experience the unexpected, and to experience a need for support and preceptorship. To the nurses, becoming one with the nursing role meant becoming more self-confident, to be satisfied with the nursing role and had gotten a better understanding for the role of nursing. Conclusion: Newly qualified nurses experienced the first period, as nurses, to be disquieting and hard. The nursing role felt overwhelming but got easier with time. The newly qualified nurses experienced that they had gotten a better understanding of the profession, had become more self-confident and kept a higher quality of care. The results could be of use for experienced nurses, employers and for newly qualified nurses.

The aim of this study was to make recommendations for the facilitation of professional socialization of the newly qualified registered nurse (NQRN) through exploration and description of the NQRN„s experience of professional socialization at a specific private hospital and factors that may contribute to the resignation of bursary holders. The rationale behind this study was that bursary holders resign before or just after completing their contractual binding. An explorative, descriptive and qualitative research design was used. The sample included al the NQRN who met the inclusive criteria. Data collection was done by the writing of narratives by eight (8) participant‟s and followed with a focus group discussion to confirm the data. The contents was analyzed independently by two coders and three (3) themes and four (4) sub themes where identified. The first theme describes the NQRNs‟ experience of professional socialization and includes the sub themes, organizational climate and accompaniment. The second theme describes the reasons for resignation, namely salary and further study or training. A third theme describes the participants‟ recommendations to management to prevent resignation. The themes were described with relevant research- and subject literature. Each theme was summarized in a conclusion that served as basis for recommendations regarding the facilitation of the NQRNs‟ professional socialization to the private hospital‟s management and training department, as well as recommendations for further research. The study was concluded with the researcher‟s evaluation of the study, identification of limitations and the researcher‟s reflection on the study. / MCur, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014

The aim of this study was to make recommendations for the facilitation of professional socialization of the newly qualified registered nurse (NQRN) through exploration and description of the NQRN„s experience of professional socialization at a specific private hospital and factors that may contribute to the resignation of bursary holders. The rationale behind this study was that bursary holders resign before or just after completing their contractual binding. An explorative, descriptive and qualitative research design was used. The sample included al the NQRN who met the inclusive criteria. Data collection was done by the writing of narratives by eight (8) participant‟s and followed with a focus group discussion to confirm the data. The contents was analyzed independently by two coders and three (3) themes and four (4) sub themes where identified. The first theme describes the NQRNs‟ experience of professional socialization and includes the sub themes, organizational climate and accompaniment. The second theme describes the reasons for resignation, namely salary and further study or training. A third theme describes the participants‟ recommendations to management to prevent resignation. The themes were described with relevant research- and subject literature. Each theme was summarized in a conclusion that served as basis for recommendations regarding the facilitation of the NQRNs‟ professional socialization to the private hospital‟s management and training department, as well as recommendations for further research. The study was concluded with the researcher‟s evaluation of the study, identification of limitations and the researcher‟s reflection on the study. / MCur, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014

The study attempted to identify R425 diplomates' perceptions of their psychiatric competencies. An exploratory descriptive survey investigated specific strengths and weaknesses of the R425 diplomates in the psychiatric clinical units in the KwaZulu-Natal Province, as perceived by the diplomates themselves. The diplomates were reportedly competent in performing numerous, but not all cognitive, psychomotor and affective skills addressed by this survey. The R425 diplomates perceived themselves to be incompetent in designing and implementating rehabilitation programmes/workshops, managing community projects, conducting research and managing crises in psychiatric nursing units. / Health Sciences / M.A. (Health Studies)

The purpose of this study was to explore the lived experiences of the newly qualified professional nurses in midwifery section doing community service. A qualitative descriptive, interpretative phenomenological research was conducted to determine the experiences. The sample included newly qualified professional nurses doing community service. Data collection was conducted by means of unstructured interviews from ten (n=10) informants. Each interview was approximately 45 minutes. Ethical issues were considered. Hussel and Heidergadian’s data analysis steps were followed. Four (4) themes and eleven (11) sub-themes emerged from the data collected. The findings revealed that the newly qualified professional nurses were in a state of reality shock, demonstrated by challenges such as shortage of human and material resources; overcrowding; lack of support; and the placement of Midwifery Nursing Science in the curriculum has impacted negatively on midwives’ registration as professional nurses. Based on the current practical nursing education environment and further research, this study concludes by presenting its recommendations and limitations. / Health Studies / M. A. (Health Studies)

The aim of this study was to examine how newly qualified social workers from Linnaeus University in Kalmar feel that the school has prepared them with the professional skills to meet the demands that exist within social work. Social work education is a generalist training that will result in a professional qualification. With a qualitative approach eight newly qualified social workers were interviewed.We used the sociology of knowledge as an overall theoretical approach. We also used experience- based knowledge as a theoretical approach. One of the study's conclusion was that the graduates had difficulty linking theory to practice. The graduates also felt that knowledge about the law and dialogue methodology were two useful courses for use in practical work. The results and conclusions can be seen as a reinforcement and extension of previous research in the subject.