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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
121

Att motivera till handling : En studie om hur nudging, retorik samt text och bild i samverkan kan motivera gymnasieelever till hållbara transportsätt.

Nordgren, Nora January 2024 (has links)
Sveriges klimatpåverkan domineras av förbränningen av fossila bränslen, där transport står för en tredjedel av det totala utsläpp av växthusgaser i landet (Naturvårdsverket 2023). För att minska koldioxidutsläpp arbetar Eskilstuna kommun för att minimera bilbehovet och öka resor till fots, med cykel och kollektivtrafik (Stadsbyggnadsförvaltningen 2019). För att uppmuntra till hållbara resesätt delar Eskilstuna kommun ut busskort till alla skolelever i kommunen. Statistik från 2021 visar att 10% av alla gymnasieelever inte använder busskortet för att transportera sig till och från skolan. Det betyder att en del av gymnasieeleverna transporterar sig på andra sätt, däribland genom ohållbara transporter. I och med Eskilstuna kommuns arbete för att minska koldioxidutsläpp finns ett behov av att motivera gymnasieelever i kommunen att transportera sig mer miljövänligt för att på sikt skapa hållbara vanor.  Syftet med examensarbetet är att bidra med kunskap till Eskilstuna kommun om hur de kan designa information i text och bild för att motivera gymnasieelever att välja hållbara resesätt när de transporterar sig till och från skolan. För att besvara arbetets forskningsfrågor har en funktionell textanalys, semistrukturerade intervjuer och enkäter använts. Resultaten från de empiriska undersökningarna visar att målgruppen vill ha information om miljö- och hälsofördelar, ekonomiska fördelar och chansen att vinna eller få något för att de väljer hållbara transporter. Resultaten visar också att målgruppen föredrar information som är kort, tydlig och sammanfattande och kommer från skolan, sociala medier och/eller finns i kollektivtrafikens applikation. Baserat på resultaten från de empiriska undersökningarna, tidigare forskning och teorier om nudging, retorik och text och bild i samverkan, har ett gestaltningsförslag utformats i text och bild för att motivera gymnasieelever att välja hållbara transportsätt när de transporterar sig till och från skolan. / Sweden's climate impact is dominated by the burning of fossil fuels, where transport accounts for a third of the total emissions of greenhouse gasses in the country (Naturvårdsverket 2023). To reduce carbon dioxide emissions, Eskilstuna is working towards minimizing car usage, and increasing transportation by foot, bicycle and public transport (Stadsbyggnadsförvaltningen 2019). To encourage sustainable travel, Eskilstuna distributes free bus cards to all school students in the city. However, statistics from 2021 indicate that around 10% of all high school students in the city do not utilize the bus card. This indicates that a portion of high school students commute in other ways, including through unsustainable transportation. Given Eskilstuna’s efforts to reduce carbon dioxide emissions, there is a need to motivate high school students in the city to transport themselves more environmentally friendly in order to create sustainable habits in the long term.    The aim of this thesis is to provide Eskilstuna kommun with knowledge on how to design information using text and images (i.e dual coding) to motivate high school students to choose sustainable transportation options for their commutes to and from school. To answer the research questions, methods such as functional text analysis, semi-structured interviews, and questionnaires have been used. The results from the empirical research indicate that the target group prefers information about environmental and health benefits, financial advantages, and rewards for choosing sustainable transport.  The findings reveal that the target group prefers information that is short, clear, and concise, and that the information should be distributed through the school, social media, and/or the public transport application.
122

Vers une prise en compte des erreurs-modèle en assimilation de données 4D-variationnelle. <br />Application à un modèle réaliste d'océan

Vidard, Arthur 20 December 2001 (has links) (PDF)
L'assimilation de données est une classe de méthode mathématiques très usitées en météorologie ou en océanographie. Elle permettent de recomposer de façon adéquate l'état du système au moyen des informations fournies par le modèle d'une part et les observations d'autre part. Parmi celles-ci, les méthodes d'assimilation variationnelles ont connu récemment un fort développement jusqu'à fournir les méthodes opérationnelles dans les principaux centres de météorologie. Cependant ces méthodes ne prennent généralement pas en compte l'inexactitude des modèles. Tout au long de cette thèse, on s'est attaché à décrire et expérimenter des variantes " modèle inexacte " de la méthode 4D-Variationnelle applicable tant du point de vue algorithmique que du coût en temps de calcul.<br />Deux méthodes sont étudiées plus en détail. Premièrement, le Nudging optimal qui consiste en adjoindre au 4D-Var un rappel newtonien de l'état du modèle vers les observations et dont l'amplitude sera estimé par contrôle optimal. D'autre part le " contrôle de l'erreur systématique " considère l'erreur modèle comme étant un terme ne variant pas, ou très peu, dans le temps, ce terme étant également estimé par contrôle.<br />Dans un premier temps ces méthodes sont appliquées à des cas académiques de modèles simplifiés en assimilant des données simulées. La méthode de contrôle de la part systématique de l'erreur est ensuite appliquée à un modèle d'océan aux équations primitives dans le cadre d'une expérience réaliste afin de valider les bons résultats obtenus pour les configurations académiques.
123

Consumer behavior analysis through nudging : A study on nudging of single-used hospital garments in healthcare sector of Region Östergötland

Mikhaylevskaya, Valentina January 2018 (has links)
Region Östergötland has encountered issue in ecological and economical overconsumption of single-used garments in healthcare sector among medical staff in Universitetssjukhuset Linköping. Proper approaches to reach solutions towards decrease of usage of single-used garments were targeted to be implemented for employees of healthcare sector. Two goals were established for this study. First of all, it was aimed to analyse consumer behaviour of employees in healthcare sector of Östergötland region to find out reasons that lay behind increase of single-time garments by employees. Secondly, the aim was targeted to examine what nudging techniques, if any, are feasible to use in positively changing current consumer behavior. The findings showed that nudging has a strong potential to be regarded as an effective tool in influencing healthcare workers of Linköping University Hospital disposable garments usage. Main behavioural reasons that triggered increase of disposable garments usage were detected as lack of information and old habits of medical staff. Application of information disclosure, framing, feedback and social norms nudging techniques were identified to have promising possibilities in impacting current behaviour and raise healthcare workers awareness about their consumption patterns.
124

En knuff i rätt riktning : Beteendeförändringar i digitala transformationsprocesser

Strandell, Pelle, Lundmark Weinz, Julia January 2018 (has links)
Today, the existence of many organizations are being threatened by a rapidly changing digital environment. To survive and stay competitive on the market organizations must adjust and become digital transformed. For all who succeed, the digital transformation can bring several competitive advantages, but many organizations fall short on the way. Scholars have investigated some critical organizational factors such as digital strategies and maturity models, but still many organizations are struggling hard to navigate through the process. This thesis aim at investigating the role of psychological and behavioral aspects in conjunction with the challenges which occur during the process. By interviewing business executives and employees from different industries whose company is undergoing a digital transformation, we identified a number of critical behavioral aspects. The contributions of this study are two-fold; first, it gives valuable insights for researchers, and we argue that elements such as motivation, insecurity, patience, and confirmation of others have a significant impact on the organization's digital transformation. We also identify vital choices that organizations have to make during the transformation process. Second, the study provides practitioners with a conceptual framework on how to overcome the barriers with the help of nudging.
125

Rör på dig! Är du tillräckligt motiverad? : En kvalitativ studie om hur motionärer använder sig av sin smartklocka / Move! Are you motivated enough? : A qualitative study of how exercisers use their smartwatch

Sjögren, Sandra, Viberg, Matilda January 2020 (has links)
This essay describes a qualitative study of how a smartwatch used in everyday training can contribute to behavioral changes in everyday exercisers. Semi-structured interviews have formed the basis for the results of this study. The respondents' experiences and stories of self-tracking are varied and are what have created an understanding of different uses of the smartwatch during training. The users and smartwatches have contributed to various behavior change factors that then have been categorized based on a behavioral model to determine how the smartwatch communicates with the user about its collected data. Above all, the study showed that the smartwatch's training services are a way for the user to know how they can plan future training sessions by unpacking the past and how digital nudging influences the behavior. / Denna uppsats presenterar resultaten från en kvalitativ studie av hur en smartklocka som används inom vardagsträning kan bidra till beteendeförändringar som kan stötta användarnas mål att ha en mer aktiv livsstil. Semistrukturerade intervjuer med smartklocksanvändare har legat som grund för resultaten i denna studie. Respondenternas upplevelser och berättelser inom självspårning är varierande och är det som har skapat förståelse för olika användningsområden med smartklockan vid träning. Olika beteendeförändringsfaktorer som användarna och smartklockan bidragit med har kategoriserats utifrån en beteendemodell för att avgöra hur smartklockan kommunicerar med användaren om dess insamlade data. Studien visar bland annat att smartklockans träningstjänster är ett sätt för användaren att veta hur de kan planera framtida träningspass genom att packa upp det förflutna och vilka digitala puffningar som fungerar eller ej för att påverka beteendet.
126

Usability Engineering Framework for Persuasive Mobile Health Apps to Effectively Influence Dietary Decisions of Older Adults

Wen-yu Chao (9739448) 15 December 2020 (has links)
<p><b><u>Introduction</u></b>: Mobile health applications (mHealth apps) have the potential to assist patients in adhering to their physician’s advice in chronic disease management through the use of persuasive nudge. However, systematically developing the persuasive features of a mHealth app for the major user demographic of older adults is challenging. The current usability engineering framework could ensure the user-friendliness of the app but not the persuasiveness. It is necessary to extend the current framework with appropriate measures to better understand the effectiveness of persuasive design elements in an iterative design process.</p><p> </p><p><b><u>Methods:</u></b> A pilot design project was run, a persuasive mHealth app for dietary management was developed using the user-centered design approach (persona, use scenario, task analysis, and cognitive walkthrough), the pilot testing result showed high potential of technology acceptance of older adults. To further evaluate persuasiveness, a food choice experimental protocol and human decision performance metrics based on Signal Detection Theory (SDT) were proposed. A mixed-methods, full factorial user testing study was conducted with twenty older adults aged over 60 and twenty students age 18-35. Critical persuasive User Interface (UI) design variables included decision paradigm (digital nudge), nutrition information format (information nudge), and the system default pre-selection (default nudge). The proposed SDT metrics to evaluate persuasiveness were then compared with confusion matrix metrics which are frequently used to validate system decision-making performance. The relationship between the human performance, subjective workload, and perceived usability of the proposed mHealth app was also investigated.</p><p> </p><p><b><u>Results:</u></b> The ‘Two Alternative Forced Choice’ layout significantly increased the d-prime and accuracy (persuasiveness), the system default pre-selection decreased persuasiveness. The interpretative FSA Nutri-scores label reduced time of response and workload, and increased perceived ease of use, perceived ease of learning, and satisfaction. Among older adults, results differed by age, computer proficiency, and health literacy.</p><p><b><u> </u></b></p><b><u>Conclusion:</u></b> The findings of this study imply the proposed framework is a valid persuasive design research approach. And digital nudge is an effective persuasive design for mHealth app, while default nudge may give rise to negative effects. A generalized human-centered digital nudge design framework along with ageing-centered guidelines were suggested for the similar research and design projects for persuasive technology performed in the future.
127

Nudge Me if You Can : Social Nudging to Reduce Water Consumption in Private Households on the Island of Gotland, Sweden

Ostheimer, Silva Elena, Unger, Verena January 2021 (has links)
This thesis acknowledges the increasingly important issue of global freshwater scarcity. It focuses on water consumption in private households and examines whether social nudging, specifically the focus theory of normative conduct, can serve as a tool to reduce it. This is examined through action research conducted on the island of Gotland, Sweden, in cooperation with the local major housing company GotlandsHem. Despite some limitations, the findings show with a significance of 0.033 that, on average, almost 50 litres of water less were used weekly by each household after two social nudging interventions. This corresponds to 7,472.99 litres for all 151 nudged households. The findings show that the research design represents a way for housing companies to use the focus theory of normative conduct from the field of social nudging to reduce their tenants’ water consumption.
128

Na zdraví? Alkohol a jeho obraz ve veřejnoprávní televizi / The image of alcohol in the Czech TV as a public service broadcaster

Burdová, Karolína January 2021 (has links)
This diploma thesis deals with the media representation of alcohol and its excessive consumption on Czech Television as a public service broadcaster. It also focuses on ways to regulate alcohol in the form of behavioural nudges which can be used both within alcohol policy of the Czech Republic in general and the broadcasting of Czech Television. The thesis identifies not only possibilities of using the nudge theory, which can have a beneficial effect on human decision making, but also interprets media framing used for representation of alcohol on Czech Television. Alcohol is portrayed within Czech Television programmes as well as within TV commercials, therefore a case study dealing with alcohol advertising broadcasted on Czech Television was added to the analysis. The analytical part of the thesis was created on the basis of a qualitative framing analysis and with the aid of desk research I revealed the possibilities of nudging both in alcohol policy and in the Czech Television broadcasting. Above all, this thesis emphasises the fact that the framing process has a significant position in human decision making, and that is why it's necessary to pay adequate attention to this process in alcohol policy making.
129

Gamification som mekanism för realisering av aktivitetssystem : En litteraturstudie om affärsmodeller som aktivitetssystem och gamifications motivationseffekter på aktörerna som ingår i systemet.

Norrena Björnberg, Lotta January 2020 (has links)
Syftet med den här studien är att skapa förståelse hur gamification ur ett teoretiskt perspektiv kan bidra till realisering av aktivitetssystem som i detta arbete likställs definitionen av affärsmodell. Detta genom att gamification bidrar till den transformation som krävs för att aktivitetssystemet ska realiseras. Målet med studien var att bidra med kunskap till praktiker som planerar att genomföra affärsmodellinnovation samt hur dessa kan använda gamification på de externa aktörerna i aktivitetssystemet. Fenomenet affärsmodellinnovation (BMI) har på senare år vuxit fram som ett område som företagsledningar behöver beakta. I dagens samhälle måste företagsledning hantera snabba förändringar och fatta beslut löpande om framtida beteenden bland aktörerna i aktivitetssystemet och därefter anpassa aktivitetssystemet för att det ska vara livskraftig. Forskning har däremot visat ett gap kring exekvering av välformulerade strategier och aktiviteter, varpå denna studie framhäver gamification som mekanism för exekvering/realisering av aktivitetssystem. Resultatet är en guide som fungerar som vägledning för praktiker. Metodvalet föll på en systematisk litteraturstudie med induktiv analys och diskussion för att på transparant och systematiskt sätt eftersöka det som redan är känt inom olika fält för att lära från det andra redan studerat. Utöver en induktiv ansats har ett inslag av deduktiv ansats använts för det empiriska inlägget i studien. Det empiriska inlägget är i form av ett exempel som utgör en enklare validering av det teoretiska resultatet. De slutsatser som dragits är restriktiva i relation till antalet granskade litterära verk i förhållande till tillgänglig forskning inom respektive område. Begräsningar av studien diskuteras men lämnar utrymme för ytterligare begränsningar. Ur ett teoretiskt granskande perspektiv finns potential för företag att använda gamification som mekanism för att realisera ett aktivitetssystem, avseende att främja motivation till beteende (aktiviteter) hos de externa aktörerna som ingår i aktivitetssystemet och som inte kan styras med interna beslutshierarkier. Denna studie påvisar vikten av samverkan mellan designprocessen för gamification respektive designprocessen för aktivitetssystemet samt att det krävs ett ledningsfokus som beaktar viktiga aspekter för en lyckad realisering av aktivitetssystemet.
130

How Nudging Inspires Sustainable Behavior among Event Attendees: A Qualitative Analysis of Selected Music Festivals

Bär, Sören, Korrmann, Laura, Kurscheidt, Markus 08 August 2023 (has links)
This research answers the question of which nudges can be created to subtly influence event attendees in such a way that they contribute to the implementation of a green event. Using the qualitative content analysis according to Mayring, three music festivals were analyzed in detail with regard to their measures for ecological sustainability. All available online resources—in particular, the websites of the music festivals, blog entries, online newspaper articles and, also, observations during several personal visits—were used as sources of the qualitative data. A key result was the development of a model for nudges that can generally be used and implemented for events. The goals, the nudges developed and the possible measures with regard to ecological sustainability are defined in the areas of transport, garbage, electricity, gastronomy, sanitation and compensation of emissions. The more music festival participants already behave in an ecologically sustainable manner, the more others will join them. This can be exploited by using social nudges that consciously inspire group social dynamics. In order to be able to use nudging sensibly, organizers have to internalize that they act as decision-makers, which entails a great ethical and moral responsibility. Even inconspicuous nudges can be very effective.

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