This research examines new systems of information production that are made possible by participatory media. Such systems bring about two critical information literacy needs for the general public: to understand new systems in order to assess their products and to become adept participants in the construction of public information spaces. In this dissertation, I address both of these needs and propose a view of information literacy that situates the information literate as both consumer and producer. First, I examine a popular example of a new publishing system, Wikipedia, and present research that explains how the site is organized and maintained. I then turn my attention to the classroom and describe three iterations of design-based research in which I built new wiki tools to support publication activities and information literacy learning in formal educational contexts. I use the rhetorical notion of genre as an analytic lens for studying the use and impact of these new media in schools. Classroom findings suggest that the affordances of a wiki as an open, transparent publishing medium can support groups of writers in building a shared understanding of genre as they struggle with an unfamiliar rhetorical situation. I also demonstrate how writing on a public wiki for a broad audience was a particularly useful writing experience that brought about opportunities for reflection and learning. These opportunities include transforming the value of citation, creating a need to engage deeply with content, and providing both a need and a foundation for assessing information resources.

Wireline telecommunications infrastructure in the customer access network or CAN is undergoing a veritable technological and commercial revolution. The paired-copper CAN is being modernised with optical fibre deployed ever closer to customers, culminating soon with fibre-to-the-home networks or some variant thereof. Although bandwidth ceases to be a scarce commodity, the underlying natural monopoly will most likely be strengthened. National competition policy desires open access to multiple service providers yet commercial pressure calls for closure. This has been the recent experience with the hybrid fibre coaxial networks delivering pay television and Internet access. This research asks the question: What are the factors that prevent open access to the broadband services of next generation wireline infrastructure? How can these obstacles be overcome? A particular focus is given to non-price considerations which come to the fore due to the unique strategic and technological characteristics of optical fibre in the access network. The methodological approach involves data gathering via three case studies - that of the Telstra/Foxtel pay television network, the TransACT broadband network and fibre-to-the-home networks in general. Although the ultimate focus is on the research question above, these cases are discussed in a holistic way with consideration of a number of contextual factors. The research also examines the relationship between the concepts of 'open access' and 'network neutrality', visiting the concept of 'common carriage' in doing so. Several findings are reached that illuminate the field of telecommunications access regulation as applied to infrastructure capable of delivering truly next generation broadband services. Since 1993, our politicians have only paid lip service to the importance of competition and have deferred to the demands of the dominant builder of telecommunications infrastructure. From the viewpoints of end-users and access seekers, the access regime is found to be incapable of dealing with the technical and commercial bottlenecks arising from optical fibre in the CAN. It is concluded that communication between users should be recognised as the prime purpose of telecommunications and that the regulatory regime should not reward discriminatory practices detracting from the development of a networked information economy. It is also concluded that dominant players should never be rewarded with access holidays which could otherwise entrench market dominance through the creation of new bottlenecks. Access regulation is ill-equipped to cope with optical fibre in the CAN until it also recognizes the strategic potential of such infrastructure.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-16T15:23:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2305876 bytes, checksum: cfbbaa97ec9a90dfb8da5252bfee5c9d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-09-11 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The study examined the Brazilian Digital Library of Thesis and Dissertations like a memory preservation strategy. This way, discussed about information, memory, preservation, inclusively digital, as well as the open archives and the open access to scientific information, because they constitute fundamental issues to the comprehension of this topic. The methodology used consisted of bibliographic search on web pages, books, scientific articles and technical reports, as well as with professionals of the institutions that made part of the sample used. It was identified and analyzed information politics adopted by the institutions that made part of the inter-institutional consortium of IBICT, as well as issues related to the kind of software and work methodology that are used. The study concluded that the BDTD is a feasible preservation model and an efficient way to promote the access to thesis and dissertations that historically were limited by geographic and financial barriers. However, to get succeed, its necessary qualified professionals, technical tools and public and institutional information politics as instruments to support the process. / O estudo buscou analisar a Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações como uma estratégia de preservação da memória. Neste sentido, fez discussões acerca da informação, memória, preservação, inclusive digital, bem como os arquivos abertos e o acesso livre a informação, por constituírem-se de tópicos fundamentais para a compreensão deste assunto. A metodologia utilizada consistiu de pesquisa bibliográfica em páginas da Internet, livros, artigos de periódicos e relatórios técnicos. Os procedimentos de coleta de dados, foram realizados tanto na Internet, quanto também no conjunto das instituições que participaram da amostra do estudo. Foram identificadas e analisadas políticas de informação adotadas pelas instituições participantes do consórcio interinstitucional do IBICT, bem como questões relacionadas a software e metodologias de trabalho. Concluiu-se que a BDTD se apresenta como um modelo viável de preservação e ainda eficiente veículo de promoção do acesso aos trabalhos de teses e dissertações que historicamente estiveram limitados por barreiras geográficas e financeiras. Porém, para que estes repositórios desempenhem, todavia, a contento o seu objetivo, faz-se necessário a participação de profissionais qualificados, instrumentos tecnológicos e políticas públicas e institucionais de informação que apóiem o processo.

This thesis reviews trends and developments concerning national information policy both internationally and nationally and inform the understanding of the situation in South Africa. Three research questions are investigated in this study, namely: (a) what are the main trends relevant to national information policy development worldwide, based on relevant literature, (b) what are the main trends and developments in other countries, and (c) what are the implications of the current global and national developments regarding national information policy for South Africa, based on the findings of the study? The methodology for this study involved a qualitative textual analysis, addressing these three research questions, and the selection of theoretical frameworks to define the scope of the research. The study discussed the main aspects of concern regarding the following information-related issues: access to information; access to government information; literacy levels; computer literacy levels; levels of education and skills; information society development; the North-South Divide (including the digital divide); information content and industrial competitiveness; other issues such as e-commerce; telecommunication issues; copyright issues; industrial property rights; freedom of speech; censorship; information ownership; library services and archives; the value of information and the flow of information in the public domain in South Africa. The multiplicity of issues reviewed demonstrated the complexity regarding access to information and related issues in the country. The study concludes with a situational analysis of developments relevant to national information policy for South Africa. The findings indicate that the South African government needs to take into account the unevenness of past developments and the challenges created by the emergent global information policy regime. The Government needs to develop a national information policy to address and balance two realities, namely: (a) the technocratic and capitalist values of globalisation pushing global information policy development from outside the country, and (b) national economic, social and cultural developmental needs inside the country. Both these realities are relevant and need to be addressed in a national information policy, as the Government needs to take into account the unevenness of past developments and the challenges created by the emergent global information policy regime. / Information Science / D. Litt. et Phil. (Information Science)

242 f. / Submitted by Rodrigo Meirelles (rodrigomei@ufba.br) on 2011-10-03T16:01:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Flavia.pdf: 4346291 bytes, checksum: 7e4041681c15147b7c33501d2f21608b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2011-10-03T16:01:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Flavia.pdf: 4346291 bytes, checksum: 7e4041681c15147b7c33501d2f21608b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Esta pesquisa tem como tema central a comunicação científica na Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA) e o objeto deste estudo é a implantação do seu Repositório Institucional (RI), sistema de informação digital aberto que tem como finalidade, armazenar, preservar, divulgar e possibilitar o acesso à produção científica, cultural e artística da Instituição. A referência para esta implantação foi o RepositóriUM, da Universidade do Minho (UMinho), Portugal, por ter sido o primeiro repositório de língua portuguesa, com sete anos de atuação, e lidera o Ranking Web of World Universities entre as instituições deste país. A metodologia usada para o desenvimento do presente estudo, como técnicas de investigação, foi a pesquisa-ação, a pesquisa documental e o estudo de caso, e como pesquisa de campo, entrevistas semiestruturadas, aplicação de questionários (survey) e observação participativa através de registro em um Diário de Campo. A implantação do RI da UFBA foi pontuada por barreiras de ordem técnica e burocrática, além das limitações quanto a incorporação do projeto. O levantamento documental a partir de portarias, resoluções dentre outros, mostrou a inexistência de uma política formal sobre a disseminação da produção científica da UFBA, além da falta de clareza e divulgação dos poucos procedimentos adotados, como é o caso do depósito na Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD). A experiência e os resultados da pesquisa empírica obtidos na UMinho nortearam as decisões e orientações para o RI da UFBA. Recomenda-se a continuidade das ações para a consolidação deste RI. O trabalho apresenta ao final um plano de trabalho com ações e metas a serem cumpridas visando o povoamento e uma maior inserção e reconhecimento institucional, local e global como permite o sistema implantado que está de acordo com os movimentos mundiais de Open Archives Initiative (OAI) - Iniciativa dos Arquivos Abertos e o Open Access Movement (OAM), Movimento Mundial de Acesso Aberto. / Salvador

Notre travail de thèse vise à établir un diagnostic des potentialités scientifiques marocaines et à concevoir de nouveaux dispositifs pour la mesure, la cartographie et l’open access à la science locale.Pour bâtir des systèmes nationaux de recherche et garantir le développement socioéconomique du Maroc, les décideurs des universités ont besoin d’indicateurs d’analyse et d’évaluation de leur patrimoine scientifique. Les principales sources utilisées pour effectuer cette analyse sont les bases de données internationales « Scopus » et « Web of Science », en dépit de leurs biais d’indexation et de couverture de la science des pays du Sud. Cela induit un questionnement quant au manque hypothétique de la visibilité de la science marocaine. Ce manque de visibilité serait-il dû à la faible présence des revues nationales dans les bases de données internationales ? Ou relèverait-il de la faible qualité des publications marocaines ? La science marocaine est-elle une science à visée locale, abordant des thèmes qui ne figurent pas dans l’agenda de la science universelle ? Les apports de l’open access quant à l’augmentation de la visibilité et de l’impact de la recherche sont-ils méconnus des universitaires marocains ? La réponse à ces questions est accomplie à travers l’étude de cas de la Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie de Casablanca (FMPC). Elle s’articule autour de trois objectifs spécifiques : 1/ Recenser la production scientifique ; 2/ cartographier la production scientifique et explorer l’existence d’une relation entre l’indexation des publications dans les bases de données internationales et leur visibilité 3/ évaluer les comportements et les usages de l’open access par les chercheurs.Les principaux résultats de l’analyse et de la cartographie de la production scientifique de la FMPC, attestent que celle-ci jouit d’une grande visibilité à l’échelle internationale. La juxtaposition des publications nationales et internationales permet de confirmer que 70% des publications scientifiques de la FMPC sont intégrées dans les bases de données internationales et que 74.21 % de l’ensemble des articles sont publiés en anglais. Par ailleurs, on ne pourrait exclure 30% des publications nationales de l’évaluation bibliométrique au risque de biaiser les politiques scientifiques du pays.D’autres résultats de la thèse sont constitués par la mise en place du dépôt institutionnel de l’Université et du portail de revues médicales, créés afin d’assurer une large diffusion de la production des chercheurs de la FMPC et d’augmenter sa visibilité et son impact. Néanmoins, les résultats de l’enquête menée auprès des chercheurs ont montré que la principale barrière à l’adoption de l’open access est la méconnaissance des avantages des dispositifs de libre accès à l’IST quant à l’augmentation de leur impact et de leur visibilité. Les résultats de la cartographie de la FMPC et de l’étude des comportements des chercheurs à l’égard de l’open access, nous ont permis de proposer des fondements pour l’édification d’indicateurs adaptés au contexte marocain. / Our thesis aims to establish a diagnosis of Moroccan scientific potential in the medical area and to conceptualize new devices for measurement, mapping and open access to local science.To build national research systems and ensure Morocco’s socio-economic development, university decision-makers need analytic and evaluation indicators of their scientific heritage. The main sources used to perform this analysis are the international databases "Scopus" and "Web of Science", despite their biased indexing and coverage of southern countries.This impedes the accessibility and visibility of Moroccan science. A few questions then arise: is this lack of visibility due to the low presence of national journals in international databases? Is it due to the quality of Moroccan publications? Is Moroccan science locally focused, addressing themes which are not on the global agenda? Do Moroccan universities lack awareness of the contribution of open access to increasing research visibility and impact? Our case study of the Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca (FMPC) is based on three specific objectives: 1/ Identifying scientific production; 2/ characterizing scientific production and exploring the existence of a relationship between the indexing of publications in international databases and their visibility and 3/ evaluating the behaviors and uses of open access by researchers.The main results of our thesis are the analysis and characterization of the scientific output of the FMPC, which is highly visible on an international scale: the juxtaposition of national and international publications confirms that 70% of the FMPC’s scientific publications are integrated into international databases and that 74.21% of all articles are published in English. Furthermore, 30% of national publications cannot be excluded from bibliometric evaluation, at the risk of biasing the country's science policies.The establishment of the University’s institutional repository and of the medical journal portal makes it possible to widely disseminate FMPC researcher production and to increase its visibility and impact. Nevertheless, the results of the survey of researchers showed that the main impediment to the adoption of open access is the lack of awareness of the benefits of STIs with regards to increasing their impact and visibility. The results of the FMPC’s science mapping and the study of researcher behavior with regard to open access have allowed us to propose bases for the definition of indicators adapted to the Moroccan context.

Submitted by Alison Vanceto (alison-vanceto@hotmail.com) on 2017-02-06T13:28:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseAGCB.pdf: 4960173 bytes, checksum: 9049e1b5ca5694803fc81f1966b314fb (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Camila Passos (camilapassos@ufscar.br) on 2017-02-06T13:34:13Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseAGCB.pdf: 4960173 bytes, checksum: 9049e1b5ca5694803fc81f1966b314fb (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Camila Passos (camilapassos@ufscar.br) on 2017-02-06T13:34:33Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseAGCB.pdf: 4960173 bytes, checksum: 9049e1b5ca5694803fc81f1966b314fb (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-06T13:34:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseAGCB.pdf: 4960173 bytes, checksum: 9049e1b5ca5694803fc81f1966b314fb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-07 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / In recent years the social studies of science have revealed a special interest in the extraction of knowledge in databases, which enables the treatment and analysis of sets of data available on the scientific and technological production of researchers, institutions and countries. The objective of this research was to develop and apply a systematics for the collection, treatment and analysis of information about areas of scientific knowledge in Brazil, using essentially open access data and free tools. The method was a case study, the unit case was the priority area nanotechnology and the source of information comprised the bases: Lattes Curriculum Base; Directory of Search Groups; Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations; And the Espacenet of the European Patent Office. The results achieved were 1) the creation and presentation of a systematic for the collection, treatment and analysis of information 2) indicators for the treated area. It is concluded that the Information in Science and Technology, with open access, allow a democratic generation of knowledge in this context. The sources of information and the set of tools made possible the elaboration of indicators capable of elucidating multiple dimensions of scientific and technological production - of researchers and research groups - in addition to teaching and research in postgraduate studies. The indicators obtained and their application reinforce the objective of the data mining process, in the sense of transforming data into information to be used in the decision-making process of organizations that are dedicated to the preservation and innovation of knowledge. / Nos últimos anos os estudos sociais da ciência têm revelado um especial interesse na extração de conhecimentos em bases de dados, o que possibilita o tratamento e análise de conjuntos de dados disponíveis sobre a produção científica e tecnológica de pesquisadores, instituições e países. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi desenvolver e aplicar uma sistemática para coleta, tratamento e análise de informações sobre áreas do conhecimento científico no Brasil, utilizando essencialmente dados de acesso aberto e ferramentas livres. O método foi compreendido por um estudo de caso, a unidade caso foi a área prioritária nanotecnologia e a fonte de informação compreendeu as bases: Base de Currículos Lattes; Diretório de Grupos de Pesquisa; Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações; e a Espacenet do Escritorio Europeu de Patentes. Os resultados alcançados foram 1) a criação e apresentação de uma sistemática para coleta, tratamento e análise de informações 2) indicadores para a área tratada. Conclui-se que as Informações em Ciência e Tecnologia, com acesso aberto, permitem uma democrática geração de conhecimentos para este contexto. As fontes de informação e o conjunto de ferramentas levantadas possibilitaram a elaboração de indicadores capazes de elucidar múltiplas dimensões da produção científica e tecnológica – de pesquisadores e grupos de pesquisa – além do ensino e pesquisa na pós-graduação. Os indicadores obtidos e sua aplicação reforçam o objetivo do processo de data mining, no sentido de transformar dados em informação a ser empregada no processo decisório das organizações que se dedicam à preservação e a inovação do conhecimento.

Os serviços públicos de distribuição de gás natural canalizado são de competência estadual, consoante previsão constitucional. Neste contexto, o Estado de São Paulo destaca-se tanto pelo seu histórico de desenvolvimento de serviços de gás canalizando, quanto pela reestruturação realizada em meados da década de 90, os quais permitiram a atual expansão e desenvolvimento do mercado de gás nesse estado. O presente trabalho, ao visualizar essa realidade, examinou os contratos de concessão das três empresas distribuidoras de gás natural existentes no Estado de São Paulo e constatou a existência de uma cláusula que prevê a obrigação de se conceder o livre acesso [by pass comercial] após certo lapso temporal [exceto no que se refere aos usuários residenciais e comerciais] à rede de gasodutos de distribuição, desagregando a comercialização de gás ao serviço de distribuição. Diante disso, após a montagem do referencial teórico, foram realizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas com um representante do órgão regulador estadual, com funcionários das três distribuidoras locais e de grandes consumidores industriais, no sentido de averiguar a percepção dos agentes a respeito desta cláusula e a ordem de preparativos que irão ser relevantes para a vigência dessa disposição contratual. Portanto, como resultado levantado, tem-se que os atores citados, apesar de considerarem que a cláusula de livre acesso irá gerar impactos no mercado, ainda não desenvolveram estudos nesse sentido para identificá-los e/ou quantificá-los, o que deverá ser feito a partir do presente ano, tem em vista o lapso temporal decorrente de previsão contratual. A relevância da pesquisa é a de contribuir como literatura que tratou de uma problemática que ainda está por vir, dentro de parâmetros fundamentados em um referencial teórico, com vistas à continuidade do desenvolvimento desse setor no Estado de São Paulo. / Public natural gas utilities [especially canalization] are under state jurisdiction, according to Brazilian constitutional provisions. The State of São Paulo is remarkable in this field for its achievements in developing and expanding the infra-structure of canalized gas services, as well as for the reorganization carried through in middle of the decade of 90, which allowed the current expansion and development of the gas market in this state. The present work, considered this context, examined multiple contracts of concession of the three natural gas companies in the State of São Paulo and evidenced the existence of a clause providing the mandatory allowance of open access [commercial by pass] after a determined period of time [excluding the residential and commercial users] to the net of distribution gas-lines, disaggregating the gas commercialization to the distribution service. In view of this, after assembling the theoretical referential, interviews half-structuralized had been carried through with state regulating agency representatives, three local enterprises and major industrial consumers, in order to access how agents are facing this clause and the safeguards, actions and provisions that will be necessary to enforce and validate this contractual disposal. Conclusively, as a obtained result it had that the cited actors however consider that a contract provision of open access will imply several impacts in the market, studies in this direction are yet to be developed, and are also yet to be defined what actions will have to be taken until the end of this year, considered the biggest proximity of the time provisions of those contracts. The relevance of the research is contributing as literature review about issues that are about to come, according to parameters based on a specific theoretical referential, with sights to the development of the State of São Paulo.

Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2016-08-04T14:02:03Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) dissertação Ronnie Farias PPGCI UFPE 2016.pdf: 3109778 bytes, checksum: 1714e0c6300e6091bb662fb30a2cb28d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-04T14:02:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) dissertação Ronnie Farias PPGCI UFPE 2016.pdf: 3109778 bytes, checksum: 1714e0c6300e6091bb662fb30a2cb28d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-23 / CAPEs / Analisa ousoderepositórios institucionais das Universidades Federais do Brasil com base no levantamento de padrões de uso destes. A investigação busca dar relevo a uma faceta da pesquisa científica que enfatiza a experiência e percepção do usuárioem sua necessidade da busca informacional. Tem como objetivo geral analisar e descrever o perfil dos usuários dos repositórios institucionais das Universidades Federais de Ensino Superior do Brasil. Desdobra-se emobjetivos específicos que são: analisar o grau de interação dos usuários aos repositórios institucionais; analisar o perfil de alunos que são usuários dos repositórios institucionais; verificar a relevância do uso dos repositórios institucionais para as pesquisas cientificas dos usuários.Classifica-se como pesquisa descritiva,estando dentro de análises quantitativas, quando há um levantamento de dados e o porquê destes dados. A metodologia proposta para o estudo foi a pesquisa bibliográfica e a coleta de dados por meio de questionário de perguntas objetivas e discursivas. Especifica a amostra com os usuários a qual foramaplicadoos questionáriosnas seguintes fases: pré-teste, naUniversidade Federal do Pernambuco, teste pilotona Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Nortee aamostrade 745usuários dasuniversidades federais do Brasilque participaram da pesquisa.Obteve-se resultados por meio de umquestionário aplicado nos formatos impresso e digital (este último aplicado por meio da rede social). Resultou em umaanálise quantitativa dosusuáriosdosrepositórios institucionais, a qual mostrou que ainda há pouco uso dos repositórios como fontes de informação e que não há o conhecimento necessário para o uso da dessa ferramenta. Permitiuestruturar eanalisarouso em ambiente eletrônicoda ferramenta repositórioinstitucionale demostrar por meio de dados estatísticos.Conclui-se que ainda permanece o baixo índice de uso e conhecimento dos repositórios digitais institucionais da universidades federais pelos seus usuários. / It analyzes the use of institutional repositories of Federal Universities in Brazil based on the survey of the use of these standards. The investigation seeks to give relief to onefacet of scientific research that emphasizes the user’sexperience and perception in your need of informational search. It has the general objective to analyze and describe the profile of users of institutional repositories of universities Higher Education Federal of Brazil. It unfolds on specific objectivesthatare: analyze the degree of user interaction to institutional repositories; analyze the profile of students who areuserof institutional repositories; examinethe relevance of the use of institutional repositories for their scientific research.Classifies itself as a descriptive study, being within quantitative analysis, when there is a data survey and the cause of these data. The proposed methodology for the study was a literature search and data collected through questionnaire of theobjective and discursive questions. Specifies the sample with users, which were, applied questionnaires in the following phases: pretest, the Federal University of Pernambuco, pilot test at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte and the sampleof 745userin the federal universities of Brazil who participated in the search.Obtained results through a questionnaire in digital and printed formats (the latter applied by the social network). It resulted in a quantitative analysis of users of institutional repositories, which showed that there is still little use of repositories as sources of information and that there isnotthe necessary knowledge for the use of this tool. Allowed to structure andanalyze the use in the electronic environment of the repository tool,and demonstrate through statistical data. It follows, thatremains low use rate and knowledge of digital repositories of institutional federal universities by theusers.

Dans le cadre du développement international du mouvement du libre accès aux publications scientifiques, cette thèse analyse plus précisément la situation française dans le contexte européen. Cette analyse a été menée à travers une démarche de recherche-action, au sein d’un groupe d’acteurs du Groupement français des industries de l’information (GFII) concernés par le libre accès.Nous cherchons tout d’abord à mettre en évidence les forces motrices du développement du libre accès en nous appuyant sur une méthodologie prospective développée au LIPSOR/CNAM.Les résultats nous ont conduit à contribuer à la conception d'un site d’information dont la finalité est l'affichage des politiques des éditeurs nationaux en matière d'auto-archivage afin d'accompagner les pratiques de dépôts au niveau national. L’analyse prospective a en effet révélé l’importance des embargos pour les équilibres financiers des éditeurs.De façon plus distanciée, nous amorçons également une réflexion sur l’impact réel du libre accès sur deux moteurs semblant jouer un rôle croissant dans l'économie de la connaissance, à savoir la créativité et l’interdisciplinarité. / Within the framework of the international development of open access to scientific publications, this thesis analyses more precisely the French situation in the European context. This analysis was carried out through a process of action research within a group of actors of the French Professional Group for B to B Information and Knowledge (GFII) who are concerned by open access.At first, we seek to highlight the driving forces behind the development of open access by relying on a method of prospective developed by LIPSOR/ CNAM.The results led us to contribute to the design of an information website whose purpose is to display the national publisher policies on self-archiving practices in order to support the development of new deposit practices at the national level. The prospective analysis has indeed revealed the importance of embargo periods for the financial balances of the publishers.By adopting a more distanced point of view, we initiate a new reflection about the real impact of open access on two important driving forces which seem to play an increasing role in the knowledge economy, namely creativity and interdisciplinarity.