The purpose of this paper is to investigate segregation from an accommodation perspective. The essay questions how the residents of Ronna feel about their neighborhood and what they think of other people's views of their area. Our purpose is to conduct a qualitative study of whether or not individuals experience residential segregation in Ronna. The essay is based on qualitative interviews, which were conducted with five people who have lived in Ronna for at least five years and who define themselves as Assyrians/Syrians. To analyze our empirical data, we have used two theoretical perspectives. One by Westin and Elias & Scotson, which is the theory about social groups - established and outsiders. The second theory explains how ethnic boundaries and enclaves occur. With the support of previous research, we highlight and define the fundamental factors causing segregation. After analyzing our empirical data, we concluded that residential segregation is a broad concept and that there are several factors that lead to segregation. The result of the study indicates that all informants thrive in their neighborhood and feel a solidarity and cohesion with each other. In Ronna the Assyrian/Syrian is a dominant ethnic community which has formed a strong “We” – group in their neighborhood. / Syfte med denna studie är att belysa boendesegregationen i Ronna ur de boendes perspektiv. Med stöd av några teoretiska perspektiv besvaras frågan om hur invånare i Ronna upplever sitt bostadsområde, samt hur de förhåller sig till andras uppfattningar och föreställningar om sitt område.Studiens syfte uppnås genom en kvalitativ studie om individers upplevelser kring boendesegregationen i Ronna. Uppsatsen är uppbyggd utifrån kvalitativa intervjuer, vilka har genomförts med fem personer i åldrarna 30-45 som för närvarande bor i Ronna sedan minst fem år tillbaka, alla dessa individer definierar sig som assyrier/syrianer. För att analysera intervjumaterialet har vi använt oss av två teoretiska perspektiv. Den ena av dessa är det samhällsvetenskapliga forskningsinriktning som studerar sociala grupper - etablerade och outsiders, därefter har denna teori kompletterats med ett ytterligare teoretiskt perspektiv som redogör för hur etniska gränser och enklaver uppstår. Med hjälp av tidigare forskning belysas och definieras olika bakomliggande faktorer som kan orsaka boendesegregation inom ett bostadsområde. Analysen av intervjumaterialet visar att boendesegregation är ett omfattande fenomen där flera faktorer ger upphov till att segregation uppstår. Studieresultatet påvisar att i Ronna är assyrier/syrianer en dominerande folkgrupp som har skapat en stark vi-grupp i sitt bostadsområde. Samtliga informanter trivs bra i sitt bostadsområde, samt känner en stark gemenskap och tillhörighet.

Syftet med denna kritiska diskursanalys är att öka förståelsen för diskursen om den så kallade “flyktingkrisen” i svensk tidningsmedia under september och oktober 2015. Denna specifika och aktuella diskurs har, som vi vet, ännu inte studerats med vetenskapliga metoder då tidigare forskning främst behandlar tidigare flyktingmigrationer i Sverige och i andra länder. Det finns således en kunskapslucka inom detta område som vi skulle vilja medverka i att fylla. Undersökningen fokuserar på hur ”flyktingmigrationen” och ”flyktingarna” samt den ”svenska nationen” och ”svenskar” framställs i diskursen utifrån en figurationell och maktkritisk utgångspunkt. Norbert Elias och John L. Scotsons teori om etablerade och outsiders, Ulrich Becks teori om risksamhället samt Edward Saids teori om orientalism används som orienterande bakgrundsteorier för att studera relationen mellan ”etablerade svenskar” och flyktingar såsom den uttrycks i tidningsmedia. Som metod har vi valt att använda oss av Faircloughs kritiska diskursanalys, då denna kan användas i studerandet av konkret text såsom tidningsartiklar samt kan kombineras med en sociologisk analys. Resultaten visar att flyktingmigrationen samt flyktingarna framställs som ett omfattande hot mot samhället. Flyktingarna porträtteras ofta på ett avhumaniserande sätt, exempelvis som okontrollerbara vattenmassor. I ett fåtal fall är framställningen mer human och personlig, dock präglas dessa utsagor av flyktingen som den stereotype andre. I motsats till detta porträtteras Sverige och svensken som moraliskt överlägsna, goda, och icke-rasister. Den sociala relationen mellan dessa grupper kan på så sätt ses som en illustration av figurationen etablerade och outsiders, där spänningarna mellan grupperna verkar öka då flyktingarna uppfattas som ett hot mot samhälls- och maktordningen. / The aim of this critical discourse analysis is to create a broader understanding of the refugee discourse in Swedish national newspapers during the months of September and October of 2015. The main reason for this study is a perceived knowledge gap in this specific area of discourse, since extant studies focus on earlier refugee discourses in Sweden and in other countries. This essay attempts to understand how the social identities of the refugees and the Swedish population can be upheld in the media and how the relationship between these groups can be perceived. Norbert Elias and John L. Scotson’s theory of the established and the outsiders, Ulrich Becks theory regarding the risk society and Edward Saids theory of orientalism are used as orienting concepts in the analysis. The overall method is inspired by Faircloughs critical discourse analysis, since it enables the study of tangible texts such as newspaper articles as well as the use of sociological analysis. Our results show that the refugees are depicted as a considerable threat to society as a whole. The refugees themselves are often spoken of in a dehumanizing fashion, for example in metaphors of uncontrollable waves. In a few cases the refugees are portrayed in a more personal fashion. These are however unbalanced and stereotypical. In contrast, Sweden and its people are depicted as morally superior and good Samaritans. We have thus concluded that the relationship between these groups can be seen in the light of the established and the outsiders, and that the tension between them seems to be growing as the refugees are seen as a threat to the social order and power balance in Sweden.

The purpose of the study is to investigate foreign-born outside Europe with a foreign academic degree, their experience of meetings and entry into the Swedish labor market. The method we used to achieve the purpose is a qualitative method in the form of semi structured interviews. The analysis method for the study is thematic analysis where common themes were found and discussed based on the theories and previous research results. The purpose of the study has been answered in the result section according to the following theme: Education- obstacles and opportunities, ethnic discrimination and integration in the labor market. In conclusion, the study results clearly show how important it is to highlight the obstacles and opportunities that characterize this academic group in the labor market. The key factors behind an effective establishment according to our result section are better acceptance of foreign academic degree from employers, less waiting time for validation of education, more experience from Swedish labor market and various contacts and networks. / Studiens syfte är att undersöka utrikesfödda utanför Europa med utländsk akademisk examen, deras upplevelser och erfarenheter av möten med och inträden på den svenska arbetsmarknaden. Metoden som vi använt för att uppnå syftet är en kvalitativ studie i form av semistrukturerade intervjuer. Analysmetoden för studien är tematisk analys där gemensamma teman hittades och diskuterades utifrån teorier och tidigare forskningsresultat som utgångspunkter. I resultatdelen har studiens syfte besvarats enligt följande teman: Utbildning -hinder och möjligheter, etnisk diskriminering och integration på arbetsmarknaden. Sammanfattningsvis så visar studiens resultat klart och tydligt hur viktigt det är att belysa de hinder respektive möjligheter som kännetecknar denna akademiska grupp på arbetsmarknaden. De viktigaste faktorerna bakom en effektiv etablering enligt vad vår resultatdel visar på är: bättre acceptans av examen från hemlandet från arbetsgivarnas sida, mindre väntetid för validering av utbildning, mer erfarenhet från svenskt arbetsliv samt olika kontakter och nätverk.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T16:15:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CLAUDIA ALENCAR LOPES CRUZ.pdf: 999060 bytes, checksum: 69d10487f53e314510d50c360f65d53b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-11-24 / The research presents an analysis of power relations within the Early Childhood Education of Ribeirão Pires, focused on the work of teachers and non-Educators Teaching Child Development from two schools located in two distinct regions: one in the central region and the other in a village away from the center. The main focus is the conflict between these two groups of professionals, a secondary and complementary are the malfunctions that contribute to the existence of conflict between groups. The hypothesis that guides the research is that, not educators-teachers, while veteran group, relies on the old, asserting itself through its tacit and empirical knowledge, and PDI, in turn, rely on titration/diploma. The survey was conducted through interviews and observation at schools, aimed to understand the differences between the established groups of educators and teachers, but above all, understand the way that both express the power relations in space and time in school.The research required as a base, three analytical frameworks: Norbert Elias (2000), which deals with power relations; the Study of the Sociology of Deviance Becker (2008) and Erving Goffman's Stigma (1891). From the three authors of the study was observed within the power relations between groups of educators and teachers, some trends and collective provisions, such as assertion of superiority by tradition, affirmation of superiority of securities, inclinations stigmatization, feelings of victimization and low institutional bureaucracy, we can see properly, with respect to the secondary focus of the research, studied in schools The presence of a low level of institutional bureaucracy, which helps to stimulate faculty conflicts between groups analyzed. The research could contribute to the debate around issues related to the mode Childhood Education and their agents, such as it takes shape in Brazil. / A pesquisa apresenta uma análise das relações de poder, no espaço da Educação Infantil do Município de Ribeirão Pires, focada no trabalho das Educadoras não-docentes e das Professoras de Desenvolvimento Infantil de duas escolas, localizadas em duas regiões distintas: uma na região central, e a outra em um vilarejo afastado do centro. O foco principal é o conflito entre esses dois grupos de profissionais, um foco secundário e complementar são as deficiências de funcionamento, que contribuem para a existência de conflito entre os grupos. A hipótese que norteia a pesquisa é a de que, as educadoras não-docentes, enquanto grupo veterano, valem-se da antiguidade, afirmando-se por meio de seus saberes tácitos ou empíricos, e as PDI, por sua vez, valem-se da titulação/diploma. A pesquisa foi realizada por meio de entrevistas e da observação na unidade escolar, visou apreender as diferenças estabelecidas entre os grupos de educadoras e professoras, mas, sobretudo, entender a forma com que ambas expressam as relações de poder no espaço e no tempo escolar. A pesquisa requereu como base, três referenciais analíticos: Norbert Elias (2000), que aborda as relações de poder; o Estudo de Sociologia do Desvio de Becker (2008) e o Estigma de Erving Goffman (1891). Partindo do estudo dos três autores foi possível observar, dentro das relações de poder entre os grupos de educadoras e professoras, algumas tendências e disposições coletivas, como: afirmação de superioridade pela tradição, afirmação de superioridade por títulos, inclinações a estigmatização, sentimentos de vitimização e a baixa burocratização institucional, corretamente podemos constatar, no que diz respeito ao foco secundário da pesquisa, a apresença nas escolas estudadas, de um baixo nível de burocratização institucional, o que contribui para estimular conflitos entre grupos docentes analisados. A pesquisa poderá contribuir para o debate em torno de assuntos relacionados com a modalidade Educação Infantil e seus agentes, tal qual ela se configura no Brasil.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:20:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TherezaCBSV_TESE.pdf: 1655496 bytes, checksum: fa06a052d9ae5b4fbd1e36c612922153 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-04-16 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / This work aims to understand the trajectory of immigrants living in Natal / RN, between the years 1990 and 2009, their motivations for this change, their sociability relations, as well as the impact of this group in Natal and specifically, in the district of Ponta Negra, where most of them established their residences or work. Considering that the historical, political, economical and social environment where these immigrants are inserted, are different from that experienced by former immigrants who came to Brazil in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, a period of mass migration, it was revealed that immigration studied in contemporary Natal constitutes a new configuration (Elias, 1994). This new configuration is represented by several characteristics that distinguish this contemporary immigration, as: the relationship established by these foreigners, both with their country of origin and the destination, the formation of social networks that offer support to newcomers and those already installed, the relations of sociability with locals and a new relationship of belonging with the space, since the possibility of coming and going from one country to the other, allows a (re)production of their original ?? social and economic life in the new space. The research methodology was based on the analysis of narrative interviews, in light of the theory of Sch?tze (1977) in order to understand the faces of this immigration. As theoretical support for the data analysis the theories of authors such as Norbert Elias, presentedin his work about the established and outsiders, Pierre Bourdieu, and his concept of habitus, distinction and style of life, Georg Simmel, and his study of life in the metropolis, his analysis of the foreigner and his theory of sociability, among others. This study attempted to give visibility to foreigners living in Natal, who experience the dynamics of the district of Ponta Negra and reconstruct their daily relations of sociability in this space. In fact, the presence of foreigners in this urban context allows for the construction of new configurations, both in terms of the physical space of the neighborhood, which has been modified by the touristification process and the real estate market, which is molded to meet this demand, but also in their social sphere, with regard to the relations established between foreign residents and locals. In seeking to characterize these migratory experiences it could be understood that the trajectories of each foreigner is part of a broader social structure, which cannot be evaluated neither disconnected from the contexts in which they operate, nor under a single point of view / Este trabalho tem como objetivo compreender a trajet?ria dos imigrantes que viveram em Natal/RN, entre os anos de 1990 e 2009, suas motiva??es para esta mudan?a, suas rela??es de sociabilidade, bem como o impacto da presen?a deste grupo na cidade de Natal e, especificamente, no bairro de Ponta Negra, local onde a maioria estabeleceu sua resid?ncia ou local de trabalho. Considerando que o contexto hist?rico, pol?tico, econ?mico e social em que est?o inseridos estes imigrantes s?o diferentes do vivido pelos imigrantes que vieram para o Brasil no final do s?culo XIX e in?cio do XX, per?odo das migra??es em massa, foi poss?vel perceber que a imigra??o contempor?nea estudada em Natal constitui uma nova configura??o (ELIAS, 1994). Esta nova configura??o est? representada por in?meras caracter?sticas, que diferenciam esta imigra??o contempor?nea como: a rela??o estabelecida por estes estrangeiros, tanto com seu pa?s de origem como o de destino; a forma??o de redes sociais que oferecem suportes aos rec?m-chegados e aos j? instalados; as rela??es de sociabilidade com os moradores locais e uma nova rela??o de pertencimento com o espa?o, uma vez que o ir e vir de um pa?s ao outro possibilita uma (re)produ??o da vida social e econ?mica no novo espa?o. A pesquisa teve por base metodol?gica a an?lise de entrevistas narrativas, ? luz da teoria de Sch?tze (1977), objetivando compreender as faces desta imigra??o. Como suporte te?rico para a an?lise dos dados foram utilizadas as teorias de autores como Norbert Elias, em seu trabalho acerca dos estabelecidos e outsiders, Pierre Bourdieu, a partir dos conceitos de habitus, distin??o e estilo de vida, Georg Simmel, em seu estudo sobre a vida na metr?pole, sua an?lise acerca do estrangeiro e sua teoria sobre sociabilidades, entre outros. Este trabalho buscou dar visibilidade aos estrangeiros que moram em Natal, que vivenciam a din?mica do bairro de Ponta Negra e que reconstroem cotidianamente suas rela??es de sociabilidade neste espa?o. De fato, a presen?a dos estrangeiros neste contexto urbano possibilita a constru??o de novas configura??es, tanto no que diz respeito ao espa?o f?sico do bairro, que vem sendo modificado pelo processo de turistifica??o e pelo mercado imobili?rio, que se molda para atender a esta demanda, como tamb?m em sua esfera social, no que diz respeito ?s rela??es estabelecidas entre os moradores estrangeiros e os moradores locais. Ao buscar caracterizar essas experi?ncias migrat?rias foi poss?vel compreender que as trajet?rias individuais de cada estrangeiro ? parte integrante de uma estrutura social mais ampla, que n?o pode ser avaliada desconectada dos contextos em que est?o inseridas, nem muito menos sob um ?nico ponto de vista

The purpose of this study is to give an overview of how rules are broken in and at places connected to financial markets, such as the stock market. The approach is aimed at answering the following questions: Who are the investors and traders in the market, who are the market actors? How are financial market prices and quantities being changed in ways not allowed in the market, i.e., how are prices and quantities manipulated? What kind of harm is done to actors in the markets? How can market abuse, the breaking of market rules, be prevented? The findings for the first question divide the market actors into two groups, based on the amount of information they possess: Insiders, who have access to and can use information from inside of companies; and outsiders, who do not have insider information. The second question is answered in detail by describing how manipulation is happening at two places: at the markets, and outside, where four types of market manipulation techniques are used by those who manipulate the markets. The third question asked leads to looking upon harm as coming from a form of “theft.” If, for instance, actors lose wealth in the market because of manipulation, it can be argued that actors are harmed because of wealth is being “stolen”. Outsiders risk losing wealth and opportunity of future profits as a result of manipulation, and manipulation may even cause suffering for people who are not invested in the market. Manipulation is a problem in the developed markets and may be an even more pressing concern for emerging markets. When market actors lose trust because of market abuse and manipulations it may lead to decreased investments and trading. The last question dealing with how market abuse can be prevented aims to avoid harm falling upon individuals, businesses, institutional investors, and state investors. There seems to be a need to combine efforts, for market actors, investigators of fraud, and regulators, to use several harm-preventing measures, i.e., practical tools, to protect the investors, their market trust and assets, to safeguard a functional market. / Syftet med denna studie är att ge en översikt över hur regler bryts på och på platser kopplade till finansmarknader, exempelvis aktiemarknaden. Tillvägagångssättet syftar till att svara på följande frågor: Vilka är investerarna och handlarna på marknaden, vilka är marknadsaktörerna? Hur ändras marknadspriserna och -kvantiteterna på ett sätt som inte är tillåtet på marknaden, det vill säga hur manipuleras priser och kvantiteter? Vilken typ av skada åsamkas aktörerna på marknaderna? Hur kan marknadsmissbruk, brott mot marknadsregler, förhindras? Resultaten för den första frågan delar upp marknadsaktörerna i två grupper, baserat på den mängd information de har: insiders, som har tillgång till och kan använda information inifrån företag; och outsiders, vilka är de som inte har insiderinformation. Den andra frågan besvaras i detalj genom att beskriva hur manipulation sker på två platser: på marknaderna och utanför, där fyra typer av marknadsmanipulationstekniker används av dem som manipulerar marknaderna. Den tredje frågan som ställs leder till att se på skada som att den kommer från en form av ”stöld”. Om till exempel aktörer förlorar rikedomar på marknaden på grund av manipulation, kan det hävdas att aktörer skadas på grund av att rikedom "stjäls". Outsiders riskerar att förlora rikedom och möjligheter till framtida vinster till följd av manipulation och manipulation kan till och med leda till lidande för andra människor som inte har investerat i marknaden. Manipulation är ett problem på de utvecklade marknaderna och är möjligtvis ett ännu mer angeläget problem för tillväxtmarknaderna. När marknadsaktörer förlorar förtroende på grund av marknadsmissbruk och manipulationer kan det leda till minskade investeringar och handel. Den sista frågan om hur marknadsmissbruk kan förhindras syftar till att undvika att skada drabbar individer, företag, institutionella investerare och statliga investerare. Det verkar finnas ett behov av att kombinera ansträngningar för marknadsaktörer, bedrägeriutredare och tillsynsmyndigheter, för dem att använda flera skadeförebyggande åtgärder, det vill säga praktiska verktyg, för att skydda investerarna, deras marknadsförtroende och tillgångar, för att säkerställa en fungerande marknad.

Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur några röster på Flashback forum problematiserar mångkulturalitet i segregerade skolor i förhållande till skolval. Tidigare forskning visar att föräldrar med svensk bakgrund undviker mångkulturella och stigmatiserade bostadsområden, när det kommer till val av skola för deras barn. Detta till följd av den negativa uppfattning föräldrarna har om invandrarbarn. Studien genomfördes utifrån en kvalitativ forskningsstrategi med hjälp av målstyrt urval. Forskningsdeltagarna bestod av Flashbackmedlemmar som uttryckte sig kritiskt mot mångkulturella skolor och invandrarbarn. Studiens empiriska material hämtades från olika trådar på det digitala diskussionsforumet Flashback forum. För att tolka studiens resultat användes teorier om stigma och figurationen etablerade-outsiders. Resultatet presenteras genom kvalitativ innehållsanalys som tillvägagångssätt, där Flashback inläggen har analyserats utifrån ett manifest och latent förhållningssätt. Slutsatser som antagits är att Flashbackmedlemmar uttrycker en oro över att ha deras barn i en etnisk blandad skola med för många invandrarbarn. Detta med anledningen att de anser att invandrarbarn utgör ett hot mot de svenska barnens psykiska samt fysiska hälsa och skolgång, där främst barn från ett icke-europeiskt ursprung pekas ut som de farliga eller kriminella. / The purpose of the study was to investigate how some voices on Flashback forum problematise multiculturalism in segregated schools in relation to school selection. Previous research indicates that parents from Swedish background avoid multicultural and stigmatized residential areas, when it comes to school selection for their children. This being a result of the negative perception parents have of immigrant children. The study was conducted based on a qualitative research strategy with the help of a goal-oriented selection. The research participants consisted of Flashback members who were selected for being critical of multicultural schools and immigrant children. This study’s empirical material was taken from various thread on the digital discussion forum, Flashback forum.This study’s results were interpreted through the theories of stigma and the figuration of established-outsiders. The results are presented through qualitive content analysis, where the Flashback members posts have been analysed through a manifest and latent approach. The conclusions drawn were that the Flashback members have expressed concern about having their children in an ethnically mixed school with too many immigrant children. This is because they believe that immigrant children pose a threat to Swedish children's mental and physical health as well as their education. Where children of non-European origin are primarily singled out as dangerous or criminal.

<p><strong> </strong></p><p> </p><p>The concept of outsiders has been argued to be one of the main themes in childhood fairy tales in general and in J.K. Rowling's <em>Harry Potter</em> novels in particular. Severus Snape is one of the most evident outsider characters in the novels, described as an unpleasant, ugly man presented as a double agent with uncertain allegiances. When the truth is revealed, in the very last pages of the series, he is discovered to have been an undercover spy for the good side all along. This essay examines Snape as an outsider, and analyzes his effect on the novel, especially his relation to the three characters with whom he interacts most: Dumbledore, Voldemort and Harry. All three of these characters are main characters and are also outsiders themselves in different ways. Examining the relations between good and evil and showing that these concepts are closely tied to choices and reactions towards being an outsider, the essay argues that the analysis of Snape as an outsider helps distinguish between aspects of good and evil in the novel. By focusing on Snape and the concept of the outsider, different dimensions of the novels become visible. Snape is here an instrumental character on his own, and may well be seen as the main character. Although the series in some aspects has been described as a fairy tale, the complex character of Severus Snape gives the novels a further depth appealing not only to children, but to adults as well.</p>

Problembakgrund &amp; problemdiskussion: Investerare behöver information om bolaget för att kunna avgöra värdet på dess aktier. Vissa personer har bättre information om bolagens förehavanden än andra. Insiders är en sådan grupp. De kan tänkas ha ett informationsövertag gentemot övriga aktörer på marknaden. Skulle insiders kunna generera överavkastning med privat information, går det emot den effektiva marknadshypotesens (EMH) starka form. Om publik information rörande insidertransaktioner kan användas, av outsiders, för att tillgodogöra sig överavkastning, går det emot den halvstarka formen av EMH. Marknadens effektivitet har studerats och debatterats under ett flertal decennier. EMH är kontroversiell, då resultat har visat att effektiviteten varierar. Studier har visat skilda resultat rörande insiders möjlighet till överavkastning, respektive outsiders möjlighet till detsamma, genom information om insidertransaktioner. Problemformulering: Finns det möjlighet till överavkastning för insiders vid aktiehandel på Stockholmsbörsens Small-, Mid- och Large Cap- listor? Syfte: Huvudsyftet är att kartlägga insiders möjlighet till överavkastning på den svenska aktiemarknaden. Första delsyftet är att redogöra för outsiders eventuella möjlighet till överavkastning vid imitation av insidertransaktioner på publikationsdagen. Andra delsyftet är att studera eventuella skillnader i överavkastning beroende på bolagsstorlek, transaktionsstorlek och insiders position i bolaget. Teori: Studien behandlar den grundläggande teorin EMH, informationsasymmetrin och signaleringshypotesen. Informationsasymmetrin rör skillnaden i information mellan bolag (insiders) och marknaden (outsiders). Högre asymmetri bidrar till lägre effektivitet på marknaden och vice versa. Signaler som skickas till marknaden i form av information kan minska asymmetrin och därigenom bidra till en starkare informationseffektivitet på marknaden. Metod: En kvantitativ studie med en deduktiv ansats har valts för att utföra denna studie. Det praktiska tillvägagångssättet är en händelsestudie där perioden mellan 2006 och 2010 studerats. Över 9 000 insidertransaktioner utförda i bolag på Stockholmsbörsens Small-, Mid- och Large Cap-listor ligger till grund för den empiriska studien. Vidare har portföljurval utförts för att kunna uppnå studiens delsyften. 52 portföljer, innehållande över 18 000 observationer har utforskats och signifikanstestats. Empiri/analys: Resultaten av studien visar att insiders har kunnat generera överavkastning. Outsiders har även haft möjlighet att imitera insidertransaktioner på publikationsdagen, och därigenom uppnå högre avkastning än förväntat. Vidare visar resultatet att bolagsstorlek, transaktionsstorlek och insiders position i bolaget har betydelse för överavkastningen. Av totalt 52 portföljer genererade 41 sammansättningar en signifikant överavkastning under mätperioden. Slutsats: Studiens resultat gör att vi kan betvivla två av EMH:s effektivitetsformer. Den starka, då insiders systematiskt kan generera överavkastning. Den halvstarka, då outsiders kan tillgodogöra sig överavkastning genom publik information. Resultatet visar att effektiviteten på Stockholmsbörsen studerade Cap-listor kan ifrågasättas.

The integration policy in Sweden shall encourage individuals to support themselves and take part in society. It shall alsocontribute to equal rights and opportunities for women as well as for men. In Borlänge this has resulted in a program ofintroduction for new arrivals from other countries. However, at the unit responsible for economic support, they havediscovered that women with immigrant background more often than men seem to have trouble starting or became to anending of the program, which then especially leads women to a long-term dependence for economic support. The purpose of this study has therefore been to investigate what factors affect immigrant women’s participation in theintroduction, and what significance this participation has for their possibilities to become economically self-supporting,and integrated into Swedish society. Previous research shows that some of the obstacles for the integration of immigrant women can be that they give birthto many children, are unskilled or have a low degree of education and that they tend to be living under patriarchalgender patterns. Another problem seem to be that some women are not even known as members of the municipalities.All of these problems are as well what was shown in my own study. I have used theoretical perspectives from Bourdieu, Elias & Scotson, Giddens, Roman and al-Baldawi in my analysis.Bourdieu have interesting thoughts about capital, habitus and field, which can help us to understand how individuals arebeing shaped and are given different opportunities to act in a special way or direction. Elias & Scotson describesthrough their study around established and outsiders how the process of integration can take place and what effects thatcan be shown for the opportunities to succeed in that part. Giddens, Roman and al-Baldawi then give us different waysto look at the patriarchy and family structures around the world. The result of this study shows that the willingness to integrate and be able to take care of your own support for living isan important part for the women for succeeding. For the other women, that don’t succeed, it turns out to be just like theprevious research has been shown. Gender patterns, many children and a low or no education skill all seems to be partof the issue. It is also suggested that the generosity of the Swedish welfare system might hinder rather than help someimmigrant women to become integrated into Swedish society.