The thesis being hereby presented is concerned with the problematics of family strategies´ aplications in peasants´ families in the village of Vítkov, dated 1700-1850. The work itself is based upon analysis of evidence- and insurance resources, that means mostly registry and cadastral books, urbars and census of subjects. Methodologically, this work proceeds from historical demography and its connection with micro-history and genealogy. Transfers of peasants´s grounds and application of their rights of hertitage become the main subject of research. Secondly, this thesis focuses on peasants life partners choices, families´ maritial strategies and migration. In addition, there are ways of employment drafted for those rural families´ members who had no claim to taking over a paternal ground, thusly achieving to give evidence of how different the family strategies in two contiguous parts of South Bohemia would once have been. The substantial asset of this thesis supposed is to confirm the benefits of joining both historical demography and genealogy whist studying Czech rural areas including possible use of specialised genealogical software.

This research focuses on assessing the extent to which the Principles of Aid Effectiveness were followed and translated into action by taking the General Education Quality Improvement Programme (GEQIP) in Ethiopia as an example. Outcomes of the secondary reviews conducted on the selected government institutions and development partners documents demonstrate that these Principles are taken as overarching strategies to guide the undertakings on GEQIP. The study attests that a number of factors influence the realization of aid effectiveness in Ethiopia. These include, at the recipient level, existence of strong national development plans while demanding improvement on absorptive capacity. At the level of development partners, compliance with pledges made on the provision of resources and better coordination is needed. A common country framework to guide the aid effectiveness process including mutual accountably is important. The study most importantly identifies that beyond sector specific reviews, emphasis should also be given to assess the contribution of the Principles of Aid Effectiveness for efficient delivery of support to the GEQIP. / Development Studies / M.A. (Development Studies)

With the advent of a new constitutional dispensation in South Africa, intimate relationships that were not formally recognised, such as customary marriages, became fully recognised through designated legislation. Domestic partnerships are, however, afforded only limited recognition despite compelling reasons that lead people to domestic partnerships. Domestic partners are also discriminated against based on marital status despite a Constitution that forbids discrimination based on equality, human dignity and marital status. The object of this study is to investigate whether there are sufficient grounds to afford domestic partnerships full recognition similar to that granted to civil marriage. This study includes arguments in favour and against the recognition of domestic partnerships and a discussion of the reasons that lead people into domestic partnerships. There will also be an analysis of the draft Domestic Partnership Bill 36 of 2008 to determine the suitability of the draft Bill to regulate domestic partnerships. This investigation is conducted with reference to relevant draft Bills, legislation, and case law. / Private Law / LL. M.

This essay deals with translation changes and problems that occur when translating collocations, i.e. sequences of words that are usually combined such as work hard, from Swedish to German. Being an essential part of our communication, collocations are common both in everyday-life and in technical terminology. This qualitative research deals with collocations in scientific texts about children’s literature and aims to increase attention on collocations in the translation process. The term collocation as used here refers to the concept of hierarchical relations between the lexemes of a collocation by the German linguist F. J. Hausmann (1984), distinguishing between bases and collocators. It proved itself useful in the translation process and showed that the translator must pay special attention to the collocator in order to find the equivalent expression in the target language. In doing so he/she is not at all obliged to translate a collocation with the respective target collocation. In fact due to stylistic reasons collocations were replaced by individual lexemes or paraphrases. Referring to Hausmann’s terminology and the studies of Baker (1992) this essay highlights the importance of considering collocations as translation units, i.e. not translating the lexemes of a collocation separately. Furthermore the assumption was disproved that translation errors, e.g. interferences and semantic deficits, are mainly caused when translating collocations to a foreign language. Even translators translating into their mother tongue have to examine collocations carefully to avoid errors that can result in doubts about the quality of the whole translation.

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The main aim of the dissertation thesis is a case of the right deduct to input VAT which let companies to be involved into carousel frauds. The thesis analyses the related cases and examines in which conditions it may be legitimate to entitle the right to deduct recognize and when it is not. It also discusses the possible ways how to deal safely with partners. Moreover, it also examines which steps need to be taken into the consideration to reduce tax evasion on VAT which have been done recently in the Czech Republic.

This master dissertation is dedicated to the main characteristics and to the process of establishment of Private Limited Company in the Czech Republic and Germany and to the comparison of these two national legal forms. The goal of this work is to compare Czech and German Ltd. in a very clear way, so the reader can understand what the differences of this type of company in the national legal forms mentioned above are and what have on the contrary in common. The work deals also with the Czech and German Ltd. in separated chapters in order to be the comparison for the reader comprehensible. In the end of the master dissertation is expressed the author's opinion, which national legal form of this type of company is better and in what way.

Les conférences internationales de Jomtien en 1990, de Dakar en 2000 sur l’Éducation pour tous et la déclaration du millénaire pour le développement ont abouti à l’engagement de faire de l’éducation (surtout l’éducation de base), un pilier important du développement pour toute société, accessible à tous et toutes (enfants, jeunes et adultes). Le Forum de Dakar exhortait aussi les pays riches et les organismes internationaux à soutenir financièrement et techniquement les pays en développement ayant un programme éducatif pertinent. Afin de respecter ces engagements internationaux et nationaux (la Loi sur l’orientation de l’éducation de 2007 et la Stratégie de croissance accélérée et de développement durable), le Burkina Faso a élaboré et mis en œuvre un Programme décennal de développement de l’éducation de base (PDDEB), de 2001 à 2010, suivi du Programme de développement stratégique de l’éducation de base (PDSEB) qui couvre la période de 2012 à 2021. Le PDSEB nécessite d’importantes ressources financières dont le pays ne dispose pas. Il a donc sollicité le soutien de différents partenaires techniques et financiers, dont le Canada et le Partenariat mondial pour l’éducation (PME). La présente étude vise à analyser la mise en œuvre des nouvelles modalités de l’aide publique au développement à travers l’appui du Canada et du PME à la phase I du PDSEB (2012-2015). Pour ce faire, elle se base sur la Déclaration de Paris sur l’efficacité de cette aide (OCDE, 2005) comme cadre de référence. Ce cadre a guidé la collecte des données (constitution d’un corpus de documents institutionnels et réalisation d’une vingtaine d’entretiens individuels avec des représentants des ministères de l’Éducation nationale, de l’Économie et de différentes agences de coopération présentes au Burkina Faso) ainsi que leur analyse. / The international conferences of Jomtien in 1990, Dakar in 2000 on Education for All and the Millennium Development Declaration resulted in the commitment to make education (especially basic education) an important pillar of development for any society, accessible to all (children, youth and adults). The Dakar forum also urged rich countries and international organizations to provide financial and technical support to developing countries with relevant educational programs. In order to meet these international and national commitments (the 2007 Education Orientation Act and the Strategy for Accelerated Growth and Sustainable Development), Burkina Faso developed and implemented a Ten-Year Basic Education Development Program (PDDEB) from 2001 to 2010, followed by the Strategic Development Program for Basic Education (PDSEB) covering the period from 2012 to 2021. The PDSEB requires significant financial resources that the country does not have. It has therefore sought the support of various technical and financial partners, including Canada and the Global Partnership for Education (GPE). This study was designed to analyze the implementation of new official development assistance modalities through Canada’s and the GPE’s support to Phase I of the PDSEB (2012-2015). To this end, we use the Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness (OECD, 2005) as a conceptual framework. This framework guided the data collection (creation of a corpus of institutional documents and individual interviews with around 20 representatives of the Ministries of National Education and the Economy and various cooperation agencies present in Burkina Faso) as well as their analysis.

Bakgrund: Barnmorskan ska arbeta utefter evidens och beprövad erfarenhet. Föda Utan Rädsla är en metod som bygger på beprövad erfarenhet och har införts inom mödrahälsovården och förlossningskliniker i Sverige för att få kvinnan att känna sig trygg under förlossningen. Föda Utan Rädsla har införts i mödrahälsovården och på förlossningskliniker utan vetenskaplig utvärdering av metoden.Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva barnmorskors erfarenheter av metoden Föda Utan Rädsla under förlossningen.Metod: En kvalitativ design med induktiv ansats valdes. Tio barnmorskor intervjuades. Det manifesta innehållet analyserades med en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Analysen genererade fyra kategorier Att närvara, Att medverka, Att möjliggöra samt Att skapa trygghet. Att närvara handlade om att barnmorskorna ansåg att närvaro och tillgänglighet var viktigt men även att vara lyhörd inför parens förutsättningar. Att medverka bestod i att barnmorskan samverkade med paret och partnern blev delaktig. Att möjliggöra innebar att metoden medförde ett strukturerat arbetssätt. För att möjliggöra användandet behövdes regelbundna utbildningstillfällen och tillämpas vid rätt tidpunkt. Att skapa trygghet innebar att Föda Utan Rädsla var ett tryggt och naturligt arbetssätt. Metoden fungerade som ett tryggt bemötande och förhållningssätt som bidrog till helheten av förlossningen. Slutsats: Föda Utan Rädsla skulle kunna bidra till en positiv förlossningsupplevelse vilket är målet med förlossningsvården. Föda Utan Rädsla kan även bidra till ökad delaktighet hos partnern. Med Föda Utan Rädsla möjliggörs ökad närvaro på rummet. Barnmorskorna lade inte stor vikt vid alla verktygen i Föda Utan Rädsla, utan metoden sågs mer som ett förhållningssätt och inte som någon ny kunskap. / Background: The midwife must work according to evidence and experience. Confident Birth Method is a method built on experience, to make the woman feel safe during childbirth. Confident Birth Method has been introduced in maternal health care and in maternity wards, without scientifically evaluation of the method.Aim: The aim was to describe midwives' experiences of the Confident Birth Method during childbirth.Method: A qualitative design with an inductive approach was chosen. Ten midwives were interviewed. The manifest content was analyzed using a qualitative content analysis.Findings: The analysis generated four categories To be present, To participate, To enable and To create security. To be present meant that the midwives considered presence and availability to be important, but also being sensitive to the couples' circumstances. To Participate consisted of the midwife´s collaboration with the couple and the partner became more involved. To Enable meant that the method entailed a structured way of working. To enable its use, regular training sessions were needed and applying the method at the right time. Creating security meant that the Confident Birth Method was a safe and natural way of working. The method functioned as an approach that contributed to the entirety of the birth.Conclusion: The Confident Birth Method could contribute to a positive birth experience, which is the goal of maternity care. The Confident Birth Method can also contribute to increased participation by the partner. With The Confident Birth Method, increased presence in the room is enabled. The midwives did not attach great importance to all the tools in The Confident Birth Method, the method was seen more as an approach and not as any new knowledge

Le deuil blanc est peu connu des professionnels de la santé, pourtant cette expérience peut affecter toutes personnes proches aidantes d’une personne vivant avec un trouble neurocognitif. Il consiste en une réponse émotionnelle et physique pouvant survenir lorsque des pertes sont constatées chez la personne vivant avec un trouble cognitif. Les connaissances sur les significations du deuil blanc sont limitées et insuffisantes pour le développement d’interventions efficaces. Le but de l’étude était de comprendre les significations de l’expérience du deuil blanc vécue par des personnes proches aidantes de personnes vivant avec un trouble cognitif et vivant en centre d’hébergement. Dans le cadre d’une phénoménologie descriptive, six personnes proches aidantes ont participé à une entrevue individuelle et celles-ci ont été analysées par la méthode de Giorgi. Les résultats décrivent que les personnes proches aidantes vivent des changements relationnels et des sentiments pénibles provoqués par les changements cognitifs qui progressent. Ceci les amène à ressentir des sentiments ambivalents concernant l’hébergement du proche et demande aux personnes proches aidantes de prendre soin d’eux-mêmes pour poursuivre leur implication. Ces résultats permettront de faciliter la compréhension des professionnels en centre d’hébergement sur le phénomène et d’améliorer la reconnaissance du deuil blanc pour mieux soutenir les personnes proches aidantes. Aussi, les résultats pourront soutenir d’autres études pour identifier des éléments conduisant à des interventions adaptées pour les personnes proches aidantes. / Pre-death grief is not well known to health professionals, yet this experience can affect all care partners of people living with a neurocognitive disorder. It is an emotional and physical response related to the losses observed in the affected person. Knowledge about the meanings of pre-death grief is limited and insufficient for the development of effective interventions. The purpose of this study was to understand the meanings of the pre-death grief experienced by care partners of a cognitively impaired person living in a long-term care home. Using a descriptive phenomenology, six care partners participated in an individual interview, and these were analyzed using Giorgi's method. The results describe that the care partners experience relational changes and distressing feelings caused by the advancing cognitive changes. This leads to ambivalent feelings regarding their relative living in a long-term care home and requires care partners to take care of themselves to continue their involvement. These results will facilitate the understanding of long-term care home professionals' regarding this phenomenon and improve recognition of pre-death grief to better support care partners. Also, the results may support other studies to identify elements leading to adapted interventions for care partners.