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No description available.

Syftet med denna uppsats var att undersöka huruvida upplevd stress påverkar alkoholkonsumtionen hos vuxna (individer från 18 år). De hypoteser som undersöktes var att riskfylld och skadlig alkoholkonsumtion varierar beroende på ålder och kön och att det finns ett positivt samband mellan upplevd stress och alkoholkonsumtion. Med andra ord, stress kan möjligtvis öka alkoholkonsumtionen genom att alkohol fungerar som en coping-mekanism för att hantera stress. Hypoteserna besvarades med kvantitativ metod. Ett urval av vuxna deltagare (N=49) besvarade en digital enkät bestående av frågeformulären AUDIT och PSS-10. Analysen genomfördes med hjälp av statistiska metoder, såsom t-test, korrelations- och regressionsanalyser. Resultatet visade att män hade högre alkoholkonsumtion än kvinnor, vilket stöds av andra studier. AUDIT korrelerade med de tre variablerna kön, ålder och stress men regressionsanalysen påvisade att endast ålder och kön predicerade AUDIT signifikant. Studiens resultat visade att kön och ålder predicerade AUDIT signifikant men stress predicerade inte AUDIT signifikant. Stress har ett samband med alkoholkonsumtion men studien kunde inte påvisa att stress exklusivt bidrar till alkoholkonsumtion, när kön och ålder togs i beaktande. I resultatet påvisades det att ålder hade ett negativt samband i korrelations- och regressionsanalysen gällande alkoholkonsumtion. / The purpose of this thesis was to investigate whether perceived stress affects alcohol consumption for an adult population (individuals from 18 years old). The hypotheses investigated were that risky and harmful alcohol consumption varies depending on age and gender and that perceived stress and alcohol consumption have a positive correlation, i.e., stress can cause an increase in alcohol consumption, in circumstances in which alcohol becomes a coping strategy for individuals under high levels of perceived stress. The hypotheses were investigated using quantitative methods. A sample of adult participants (N=49) answered a digital survey consisting of the AUDIT and PSS-10 questionnaires. The analysis was carried out using statistical methods, such as t-test, correlation, and regression analyses. The results showed that men had higher alcohol consumption than women, which is supported by other studies. AUDIT correlated with the three variables gender, age and stress, but the regression analysis showed that only age and gender predicted AUDIT significantly. The results of the study showed that gender and age predicted AUDIT significantly, but stress did not predict AUDIT significantly. Stress is associated with alcohol consumption, but the study could not demonstrate that stress exclusively contributes to alcohol consumption, when gender and age were considered. The results showed that age had a negative connection in correlation- and regression analysis regarding alcohol consumption.

Det arbetas mer och mer gränslöst, där gränserna mellan privatliv och arbetsliv suddas ut parallellt medsjukskrivningarna för reaktioner på stress ökar. Hur kan personlighetsdrag predicera upplevd stress ochvälmående? Detta kan tillämpas vid arbete med friskfaktorer som bidrar till välmående på arbetsplatsen.Perceived Stress Scale är den mest använda självskattningen inom stress, välmåendeformuläret visarutmärkt reliabilitet och god validitet. Inom personlighetsteorier representerar femfaktormodellen(neuroticism, extraversion, öppenhet, vänlighet och samvetsgrannhet) personlighetsdragen. Enligttidigare forskning utgör neuroticism en särskild sårbarhet för stress. Tre hypoteser prövades där syftetmed studien var att predicera hur personligheten påverkar välmåendet samt benägenheten att upplevastress. Deltagarna som svarade på enkäten var 1545 till antalet i åldrarna 18-71 år utspridda i Sverige.Korrelationsanalyser och multipla regressionsanalysen genomfördes. Hypotesen får stöd i studien,personlighetsdrag kan predicera upplevd stress och välmående. En tydlig korrelation fanns mellanvariablerna stress och samtliga personlighetsdimensioner. / The working life gets more and more boundaryless, the line between private and working life is blurred out and at the same time the sick leave for stress increases. Can personality traits predict perceived stress and well-being? It could be applied to the workplace and contribute to a more healthy life style. Perceived stress scale is the most used questionnaire for stress, the well-being form shows excellent reliability and good validity. Within personality theories, the big five Inventory model (neuroticism, extraversion, openness, kindness and conscientiousness) represents the traits of personality. According to previous research, neuroticism been predicted as a stress factor. Four hypotheses were tested and the purpose of the study was to predict how different personality traits can affect well-being and the tendency to experience stress. The study involved 1545 participants between 18-71 years old in Sweden. Correlation analyzes and multiple regression analyzes were performed. The question is supported in the study, personality traits can predict perceived stress and well-being. There was a clear correlation between the variables stress and all personality dimensions.

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A sexual minority is someone who identifies as lesbian, gay or bisexual (LGB). According to the Minority Stress Model (Meyer, 2003), sexual minorities encounter significant levels of stress due to their minority group status, thus they are more likely to experience perceived stress. Our cross-sectional, correlational study aimed to explore the relationships between forgiveness, mindfulness and anger and how they are related to perceived stress in a convenience sample of ethnically diverse LGB adults. We hypothesized that: 1) anger is positively associated with perceived stress; 2) forgiveness is negatively associated with perceived stress; 3) mindfulness is negatively associated with perceived stress; and 4) anger, forgiveness and mindfulness account for a significant proportion of the variance in perceived stress. 5) The relationship between anger and perceived stress is moderated by forgiveness. 6) The relationship between anger and perceived stress is moderated by mindfulness. Among LGB adults, the extant literature does not address these four variables in conjunction and the relationships between anger, forgiveness, mindfulness and stress has yet to be explored. Various statistical analyses were conducted, including a hierarchical linear regression to test our model. We found that our overall model accounted for 36% of the total variance in perceived stress (F(5, 142) = 17.31, p <.01) with anger (β = .31, t = 3.55, p = .001) and forgiveness (β = -.21, t = -2.56, p < .05) as the significant predictors. Contrary to prediction, forgiveness and mindfulness did not moderate the relationship between anger and perceived stress in our LGB sample. Limitations, strengths, future research and implications are discussed.

Fatigue is a debilitating symptom of chronic illness that is deleteriously affected by perceived stress, a process particularly relevant to inflammatory disease. Hopefulness, a goal-based motivational construct, may beneficially influence stress and fatigue, yet little research has examined these associations. We assessed the relation between hope and fatigue, and the mediating effect of stress, in individuals with fibromyalgia, arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease. Covarying age, sex, and pain, stress partially mediated the association between hope and fatigue; those with greater hope reported less stress and consequent fatigue. Therapeutically, bolstering hope may allow proactive management of stressors, resulting in less fatigue.

The aim of this study was to examine the relations between women’s perceived stress off the job (dependent variable), responsability for household chores, emotional support, number of children living at home, neuroticism and age (independent variables). Comparisons between the present sample and two independent samples from previous research were made with regard to perceived stress and neuroticism. The sample of this study consisted of 186 women working in the fields of health care and geriatric care. The results showed that perceived stress correlated positively with neuroticism and number of children and negatively with emotional support, though the effectsizes for number of children and emotional support were fairly small. Neuroticism was the strongest predictor for perceived stress. Implemented comparisons showed that the present sample reported significantly higher levels of perceived stress and neuroticism than the two independent samples. Keywords: women, perceived stress off the job, responsability for household chores, emotional support, number of children, neuroticism, age.

<p>The aim of this study was to examine the relations between women’s perceived stress off the job (dependent variable), responsability for household chores, emotional support, number of children living at home, neuroticism and age (independent variables). Comparisons between the present sample and two independent samples from previous research were made with regard to perceived stress and neuroticism. The sample of this study consisted of 186 women working in the fields of health care and geriatric care. The results showed that perceived stress correlated positively with neuroticism and number of children and negatively with emotional support, though the effectsizes for number of children and emotional support were fairly small. Neuroticism was the strongest predictor for perceived stress. Implemented comparisons showed that the present sample reported significantly higher levels of perceived stress and neuroticism than the two independent samples.</p><p>Keywords: women, perceived stress off the job, responsability for household chores, emotional support, number of children, neuroticism, age.</p>

This study investigated links between childhood maltreatment (CM), perceived stress, coping strategies, and physical health problems among adult women. There is mounting evidence to suggest that perceived stress and coping strategies help to explain the association between CM and physical health outcomes. However, research has yet to clarify the precise mechanisms through which stress and coping independently, and in combination, predict the health concerns of victimized women. Through the use of structural equation modeling (SEM), support was found for a model in which perceived stress partially mediated the association between CM and physical health problems. While emotion-focused coping was also found to partially mediate the CM-health relationship, problem-focused and avoidance coping did not. A moderated mediation model revealed that each coping strategy moderated the impact of maltreatment, but not of perceived stress, on physical health. Multi-mediation model testing indicated that emotion-focused coping and perceived stress better explain the relationship between CM and health than either variable on its own, and that this coping strategy fully accounted for the link between CM and subsequent stress. Finally, multivariate regression analyses revealed that child physical abuse was uniquely associated with greater physical symptoms, and child psychological maltreatment had a unique link with functional impairment; however, no form of abuse uniquely explained health care utilization. Findings suggest that child maltreatment is a risk factor for adverse health outcomes in later life and that stress and coping strategies are important mechanisms in this relationship. Implications for clinicians, medical professionals, and researchers are discussed. This study investigated links between childhood maltreatment (CM), perceived stress, coping strategies, and physical health problems among adult women. There is mounting evidence to suggest that perceived stress and coping strategies help to explain the association between CM and physical health outcomes. However, research has yet to clarify the precise mechanisms through which stress and coping independently, and in combination, predict the health concerns of victimized women. Through the use of structural equation modeling (SEM), support was found for a model in which perceived stress partially mediated the association between CM and physical health problems. While emotion-focused coping was also found to partially mediate the CM-health relationship, problem-focused and avoidance coping did not. A moderated mediation model revealed that each coping strategy moderated the impact of maltreatment, but not of perceived stress, on physical health. Multi-mediation model testing indicated that emotion-focused coping and perceived stress better explain the relationship between CM and health than either variable on its own, and that this coping strategy fully accounted for the link between CM and subsequent stress. Finally, multivariate regression analyses revealed that child physical abuse was uniquely associated with greater physical symptoms, and child psychological maltreatment had a unique link with functional impairment; however, no form of abuse uniquely explained health care utilization. Findings suggest that child maltreatment is a risk factor for adverse health outcomes in later life and that stress and coping strategies are important mechanisms in this relationship. Implications for clinicians, medical professionals, and researchers are discussed.