Instead of asking why governments in developing countries are not doing what (Western) governments can (or at least in the past could) be expected to do we may need to ask the questions of how governance empirically is provided and by whom. While the involvement of non-public actors within processes of governance is far from new, the increased interest in social entrepreneurship, both as a practice and scholarly, is. The aim of the present study has been to explore and describe the interface between social entrepreneurship and governance within regions of India. The study has been inspired by a case study research design, including a set of qualitative methods: A generated sampling frame has facilitated the selection of analytical units; The collection of data has been conducted by semi-structured interviews; The data has been analyzed by a comparative approach. Based on a broad analytical governance framework provided by Kooiman et al (2005a) three research questions have guided the analysis: 1. What arguments are provided by the examined social entrepreneurs for their intentional action? 2. May action taken by the social entrepreneurs in this study be understood as an expression of hierarchical governance, self-governance and/or co-governance, and if so, how? 3. How may action taken by the social entrepreneurs in this study be related to first-order governance (day-to-day problem-solving and opportunity creation), second-order governance (institutions) and/or third-order governance (principles)? The result of the study reveals how the action taken by the studied social entrepreneurs interface with several aspects of governance. The arguments presented for intentional action, related to the provision of collective goods to marginalized citizens, may be understood in relation to two themes: perceived government failures (as well as failures by traditional NGOs) and the self-perception of being “value-driven”. The data reveals strands of hierarchical-, self- and co-governance. The studied social entrepreneurs are understood to contribute to first-order governance. Their action is further suggested to be challenging existing institutions in the long-run and perhaps also dominating principles guiding the “governance of governance”.

Understanding the nature of private-public interaction within a development process provides crucial insight into the workings of a new development from the initial vision all the way to post-construction property management. The private and public sectors must work together as partners in the development process, understanding the goals of one another while remaining flexible in their own decision making in order to create a development that best meets the vision of both parties. By studying Cedar Park Town Center and Midtown Commons, located in Cedar Park, Texas and Austin, Texas, respectively, we can grow a greater understanding of how the private-public interaction involved in these cases affected two pioneering mixed-use projects in Central Texas. Utilizing personal interviews as well as documentation from both public and private sources, detailed information was gathered regarding the process and interaction used by private and public parties in both developments. / text

[pt] Essa pesquisa versa sobre o ensino de Ciências nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental, tomando para investigação aspectos pertinentes ao ensino da disciplina a partir da implementação, em 2009, de novas políticas governamentais na Rede Municipal de Educação do Rio de Janeiro. Tais políticas se referem à inclusão de Ciências nas avaliações em larga escala, à formulação e distribuição de materiais pedagógicos nas escolas e à implementação de programas em parceria com Organizações da Sociedade Civil de Interesse Público (OSCIP), que vigoraram até 2013, o Programa Cientistas do Amanhã e o Programa Ciência Hoje de Apoio à Educação. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, que utiliza como procedimentos metodológicos entrevistas semiestruturadas, consulta a documentos públicos e visita a duas escolas da Rede. No eixo de políticas públicas, o principal referencial de análise é a abordagem do ciclo de políticas de Ball e Bowe (1992), que compreende os processos a partir de suas perspectivas macro e micro. No eixo do ensino de Ciências, a análise é feita sob a ótica do conceito de Alfabetização Científica, defendido por autores como Chassot (2000 e 2003), Lorenzetti e Delizoicov (2001), Krasilchik e Marandino (2004), Carvalho e Sasseron (2011). Sob a perspectiva dos atores educacionais, busca-se conhecer a prática atual no ensino de Ciências e o processo de desenvolvimento das políticas nos diferentes contextos de análise, percebendo a sua influência sobre o ensino. O estudo demonstrou que as políticas de caráter performático influenciaram o ensino de Ciências, estabelecendo diferenças entre os anos escolares, e que, embora tenham atribuído obrigatoriedade à disciplina nos quarto e quinto anos, não promoveram a Alfabetização Científica, voltando-se, prioritariamente, para a produção de índices de desempenho e o estímulo a práticas condizentes com uma concepção tradicional de ensino. Os programas de parceria foram considerados adequados pelos professores em relação aos materiais pedagógicos e estratégias de ensino, como a utilização de atividades investigativas e textos científicos. A ressalva é de que os mesmos foram implantados sem considerar a realidade das escolas e em dissonância com as demais propostas da Rede, dificultando sua plena realização. Efetivados como projetos de parceria da Secretaria de Educação e não das escolas, os programas não deixaram legado significativo após seu término. Conclui-se ser necessário uma reavaliação das atuais políticas educacionais para que o ensino de Ciências contribua efetivamente com a Alfabetização Científica e que estas só poderão lograr êxito se forem desenvolvidas em conformidade com a realidade das escolas e os governantes buscarem meios para a participação dos professores em todo o processo. / [en] This research deals with the teaching of science in the first years of elementary school, taking to research aspects relevant to the teaching of the discipline from the implementation, in 2009, of new policies aimed at Municipal Secretary of Education of the city of Rio de Janeiro. These policies refer to the inclusion of the discipline of Science in large-scale evaluations, to the formulation and distribution of teaching materials at schools and to the implementation of programs in partnership with Civil Society Organizations of Public Interest (OSCIP), which lasted until 2013, the Programa Cientistas do Amanhã and the Programa Ciência Hoje de Apoio à Educação. This is a qualitative research, which uses semi-structured interviews as methodological procedures, in addition to consulting public documents and visits to schools. At the public policies axis, the main analytical framework is Ball and Bowe s policy cycle approach (1992), which understands the processes from their macro and micro perspectives. In the axis of the teaching of Sciences, the analysis is made from the point of view of the concept of Scientific Literacy, defended by authors like Chassot (2000 and 2003), Lorenzetti and Delizoicov (2001), Krasilchik and Marandino (2004), Carvalho and Sasseron (2011). From the perspective of the educational actors, it is sought to know the current practice in teaching science and the process of policy development in the different contexts of analysis, perceiving its influence on teaching. The study demonstrated that the performatic policies influenced the teaching of Sciences, establishing differences between the school years, and that, although they have given compulsory discipline to the 4 th and 5 th years, they did not promote Scientific Literacy, turning primarily to the production of performance indexes and the stimulation of practices consistent with a traditional conception of education. The partnership programs were considered adequate by teachers in relation to teaching materials and teaching strategies, such as the use of research activities and scientific texts. The caveat is that they were implemented without considering the reality of the schools and in dissonance with the other proposals, hindering its full realization. Accomplished as partnership projects of the Municipal Secretary of Education and not of the schools, the programs did not leave significant legacy after its end. It is concluded that a reassessment of the current educational policies is necessary so that the teaching of Sciences contributes effectively to the Scientific Literacy and that these can only be successful if developed in accordance with the reality of schools and if the rulers seek means to include the participation of teachers in the whole process.

Par une contestation radicale du patriarcat et visant une « libération des femmes », les mouvements féministes qui se développent dans les années 1970 ont contribué à remettre en question les rapports de genre dans de nombreux domaines. À partir d’une recherche combinant travail sur archives, enquête par questionnaire et entretiens, la thèse prend pour objet l’engagement de femmes dans ces mobilisations en France. Elle vise à comprendre comment la participation à ce mouvement social – caractérisé par la politisation de la sphère privée – a transformé les trajectoires de militantes « ordinaires » et celles de leurs enfants. Au moyen d’une approche localisée et comparée, la thèse analyse d’abord les contextes militants dans lesquels les féministes ont circulé et ont été socialisées. Retraçant les mobilisations féministes qui se déploient à Lyon et à Grenoble entre 1970 et 1984, elle revisite l’histoire des féminismes français de la « deuxième vague ». Étudiant ensuite les carrières militantes des féministes, la thèse montre les effets socialisateurs durables de ces engagements et leur empreinte sur les différentes sphères de leur vie. Des analyses séquentielles permettent de mettre au jour leurs principaux devenirs jusqu’à aujourd’hui, sur le plan politique comme sur le plan personnel. Resserrant la focale d’analyse sur les féministes devenues mères, l’enquête révèle finalement par quels pratiques et processus une transmission familiale du féminisme s’est opérée et quels héritages politiques en résultent chez les enfants. Elle dégage plusieurs facteurs pour comprendre les appropriations différenciées de ces héritages parmi la deuxième génération. / The feminist movements that arose in the 1970’s, promoting a radical contestation of patriarchy and committed to “women’s liberation”, helped challenge gender relations in many areas. Built upon an empirical research that combines archival work, questionnaires and interviews, my dissertation focuses on the women who took part in these mobilizations in France. It aims to understand how the involvement in this movement, characterised by the politicization of the private sphere, transformed “common” activists’ trajectories and those of their children. Using a local and comparative approach, this work first analyses the contexts in which the feminists evolved and were socialised. By tracing the feminist mobilizations that unfolded in Lyons and Grenoble between 1970 and 1984, it also revisits the history of the “second wave” French women’s movements. The study of the feminists’ activist careers then highlights the lasting socialising effects of their commitments and the impact they had on different areas of their life. Likewise, the use of sequence analysis reveals the trajectories they followed until present day, both from a political and personal prospect. Finally, a deeper focus on the activists who became mothers uncovers how intergenerational transmission of feminism occurred and which political contents the children inherited. In particular, this dissertation proposes several factors that help understand the differentiated appropriations of this heritage among the second generation.

Cette thèse de doctorat étudie la place des femmes dans la société urbaine des derniers siècles du Moyen Âge. Son objectif réside en l’examen des multiples opportunités offertes alors aux femmes, tant dans le domaine juridique qu’économique et social. La recherche s’appuie sur l’observatoire privilégié de la ville d’Amiens, capitale régionale dynamique, qui présente l’intérêt d’appartenir à un système coutumier original, particulièrement favorable aux femmes. La caractéristique des coutumes picardes tient essentiellement à ce qu’elles donnent la priorité au ménage sur le lignage. L’institution de la communauté de biens entre époux permet ainsi de considérer les femmes comme de véritables actrices économiques. Leurs différentes occupations révèlent leur présence quotidienne et leur participation constante à la vie économique de la cité. Sur le plan social, elles en retirent une visibilité certaine et font partie intégrante de la communauté des habitants. De plus, l’étude des registres de délibérations et livres de justice démontre qu’elles n’hésitent pas à s’affirmer par la verdeur de leur propos sur la place publique, où tous sont en représentation. L’objectif de ce travail est également d’améliorer notre compréhension des rapports de genre dans le contexte du renforcement de l’ordre social à l’aube des Temps Modernes. Enfin, d’un point de vue méthodologique, ce sujet, centré sur un espace de syncrétisme aux confins des influences flamande et orléano-parisienne, entend réinterroger les périodisations académiques et conduire, par le dialogue entre sciences humaines, au décloisonnement des réflexions. / This dissertation examines the place of women in the medieval town of Amiens and demonstrates the continuing significance of women’s participation in diverse aspects of social and economic life during the historical shift from the medieval to the early modern era. This city adhered to a unique legal system called ‘picard-wallon’, which was particularly favourable to women, making them the owners of half of the family patrimony. Since family structures played a determining role in the ideological choices and economic behaviour of family members, the institution of community property between spouses allows us to consider women as legitimate economic agents. The study of women’s activity in the marketplace in particular, shows that we should first rethink the public/private dichotomies that have long been applied to gender studies. This work also highlights the nature of women’s contribution to the medieval society. Public space fostered orality and the production of specific speech acts. The study of women’s involvement in crime shows that they were not afraid of defending their honour if necessary. Therefore, this dissertation sheds light on the reinforcement of the public order at the end of the Middle Ages and its consequences on gender relations at the beginning of the early modern period. Finally, this dissertation makes use of new methodological perspectives. By focusing on a place of syncretism, at the intersection of three different regional areas, this study highlights the multi-cultural influences at work in the city in order to interrogate the relevance of classical periodization and establish the importance of a transdisciplinary approach to medieval studies.

Orientadores: Maria Beatriz Machado Bonacelli, Sergio Paulino Medeiros de Carvalho / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociencias / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-13T23:18:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fuck_MarcosPaulo_D.pdf: 1116203 bytes, checksum: 5e77ed950e7b05dc63d6c62eba2fec84 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: A tese trata dos arranjos institucionais e das formas de organização da pesquisa agrícola no Brasil e na Argentina. A análise é focada na forma de atuação da Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa), no caso brasileiro, e do Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuária (INTA), no caso argentino. Analisam-se as principais características da indústria sementeira e do mercado de sementes referentes às culturas de soja, milho e trigo, as três principais cultivadas nos dois países. No caso da soja, observou-se nos últimos anos um forte avanço na utilização de sementes geneticamente modificadas (GM). Porém, os dois países adotaram estratégias distintas em relação à introdução dessa nova tecnologia em seu território: a Argentina adotou uma política liberalizante, apostando nos transgênicos como forma de ampliação de sua competitividade agrícola; o Brasil adotou uma postura mais cautelosa, mas acabou por liberar o plantio da soja GM em função, entre outras coisas, da já expressiva utilização dessas sementes pelos produtores rurais (que adquiriram as sementes no mercado paralelo). Ações diferentes são observadas nos casos do milho e do trigo, pelas diferentes dinâmicas técnico-produtivas dos dois segmentos de mercado. Os mercados de sementes analisados na tese passam por grandes mudanças nos ambientes técnico-científico, institucional e legal, o que têm alterado os papéis desempenhados pelos setores público e privado no processo de pesquisa agrícola. Diferente do que ocorreu durante a Revolução Verde, o setor privado tem sido o protagonista principal dessa "nova fase" da pesquisa agrícola. Por outro lado, as Instituições Públicas de Pesquisa (IPPs) têm realizado esforços para acompanhar esses avanços e, em alguns casos, antecipar-se a eles. São discutidas na tese as principais questões que afetam as articulações público-privadas na pesquisa e na comercialização dessas culturas nos dois países, com destaque para as políticas de propriedade intelectual e de transferência de tecnologia adotadas pelas duas IPPs. Neste contexto, observa-se um processo de co-evolução das organizações considerando os contextos técnico-científico, legal, regulatório, econômico, dentre outros, em que estão inseridas - reforçando a idéia do aprendizado e que as instituições econômicas não apenas evoluem, mas co-evoluem. / Abstract: The thesis concerns the institutional arrangements and forms of organization of agricultural research in Brazil and Argentina. The analysis focuses on Embrapa (Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária) in the Brazilian case and INTA (Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria) in the Argentinian case. It analyze the main characteristics of the plant breeding industry and seed markets for the three main grains grown in both countries, that is soybeans, wheat and corn. In the case of soybeans, it was observed in recent years a significant progress in the use of genetically modified seeds (GM). However, both countries have adopted different strategies in relation to the introduction of this new technology: the Argentina implemented a liberalization policy, investing in transgenics as a way of increasing its agricultural competitiveness; Brazil adopted a more cautious, but finally liberate the planting of soybean GM depending on, among other things, the already significant use of these seeds by farmers (who purchased the seeds on the parallel market). Different actions are observed in the cases of corn and wheat due to different technical-productive dynamics of both market segments. The seed markets analyzed in the thesis go through major changes in the technical-scientific, institutional and legal environments. This situation has changed the roles performed by public and private sectors in the process of agricultural research. Unlike what took place during the Green Revolution, the private sector has been the main protagonist of this "new phase" in agricultural research. On the other hand, the Public Agricultural Research Institutes (IPPs) have made efforts to keep up with such advancements and, in certain cases, anticipate them. Are discussed in the thesis the main issues that affect the public-private linkages in research and commercialization of these crops in both countries, with emphasis on the policies regarding intellectual property and technology transfer adopted by the IPPs. In this context, there is a process of co-evolution of organizations considering the technical, scientific, legal, regulatory, economic, among others, contexts in which they operate, reinforcing the idea of learning and that economic institutions do not just evolve but co-evolve. / Doutorado / Doutor em Política Científica e Tecnológica

Orientador: Luciana Ferreira Tatagiba / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-10T23:40:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Amancio_JuliaMoretto_M.pdf: 2546148 bytes, checksum: 9eaf832c0f4b3f0105520eee56345ca4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: As relações estabelecidas entre Estado e sociedade civil na gestão da política de assistência social implementada na cidade de São Paulo entre os anos de 2005 e 2007 são o tema deste trabalho. Partindo da realidade desta política na cidade, onde sua gestão depende inteiramente da parceria estabelecida entre Estado e entidades da sociedade civil, através dos convênios, procurou-se problematizar a capacidade do Estado de gerir uma política social a partir de um contexto específico. O trabalho analisou dados quantitativos e qualitativos fornecidos pela Secretaria de Assistência Social e produziu uma caracterização territorial e setorial da rede socioassistencial existente na cidade. Confrontando estes dados produzidos com os dados referentes à vulnerabilidade social utilizados pelo poder público para determinar a focalização da política da área, este estudo constatou que o poder público não consegue cumprir sua estratégia de gestão focalizada da política de assistência social no município / Abstract: This work is about the relationships established between State and civil society in the management of social welfare policy implemented in the city of São Paulo between the years 2005 and 2007. Departing from the reality of this policy in the city, where its management depends entirely on the partnership between State authorities and civil society through partnerships, we sought to question the ability of the state to manage a social policy in a specific context. The study examined quantitative and qualitative data provided by the Secretary of Social Welfare and produced a territorial and sectored characterization of the São Paulo¿s socialassistance network. Confronting these data produced with data relating to social vulnerability used by the government to determine the focus of politics in the area, the study found that the public power is unable to meet its management strategy focused on welfare policy in the city / Mestrado / Mestre em Ciência Política

Spets, A. To share or not to share. A study on social workers’ attitudes towards social media. Degree project in Social work 15/30 credits. Malmö University: Faculty of Health and Society, Department of Social work, 2022. There is an increased use of social media for both private and professional purposes, where mixing private content with professional connections has become a commonality. This has led me to question what effect this bears on social workers’ ability to use social media platforms like Facebook and Instagram. The aim of this study is to gain a deeper understanding of social workers’ attitudes towards social media by studying their experiences in using social media platforms. To gain this knowledge this study is carried out by using a qualitative method while conducting six interviews with social workers who are frequent users of social media. The result of this study reflects the impact the professional role has on the informants’ private use of said platforms and thus shows the complexity of maintaining boundaries between privacy and the professional life of a social worker. The result is presented in the following themes: social media, contacts, posts and content, experiences and miscellaneous. All of which leads to the conclusion that social workers are affected by the demands of the profession regardless of to which extent (due to individuality).

Cooperation between different actors during a crisis has in Sweden evolved over the years. Forthe transport sector this cooperation started primarily between different governmental agenciesto eventually, from 2015, also involve private actors representing different branches of thetransport sector. This study thus examines the Swedish transport sectors private-publiccooperation in the form of the cooperation forum for crisis, TP SAMS. How they work andcommunicate in the cooperation forum to grow the transport sectors preparedness to handle acrisis, as well as potential strengths, weaknesses and challenges for the private-public workahead. This has been done primarily through qualitative informant interviews with persons who,in different ways, are involved in the transport sector and crisis management. The results fromthis study shows that the reliance on conventional, largely unsecure and vulnerablecommunications systems is prevalent in the transport sector. The results have also showed aflexibility in the work of TP SAMS as it both works as a networking agent for its members atthe same time as it stands by to provide expert assistance during crisis management. The studyconcludes that even though there are weaknesses with the communications systems andchallenges with the private-public cooperation it is a vital resource for the Swedish crisismanagement, and it would be hard to organize it much different than how it is today.

Recent developments in Sweden’s security policy have prompted the rearmament of the total defence. The total defence comprises both military and civil defence. The civil defence, in conjunction with crisis preparedmess, forms Sweden’s civil preparedness. However, the civil preparedness has been assessed as inadequate in meeting the requirements arising from recent developments in external security policy. Additionally, Sweden’s imminent NATO membership imposes further requirements on civil preparedness. The operational activities within civil preparedness are predominantly carried out by private entities, necessitating private-public collaboration. Nevertheless, existing regulations and competing interests pose substantial obstacles to sustained and iterative collaboration. This thesis employs a comparative nested case study, analysing two sectors of operations coordinated by the Swedish Post and Telecom Authority. These sectors demonstrate varying degrees of collaboration in civil preparedness. By utilizing Emerson & Nabatchi’s (2015) collaborative governance theory, this thesis identifies that drivers prompting collaboration play a significant role. Specifically, legal and policy frameworks are assessed to be the most crucial factor. The cases exhibit unique characteristics, thereby providing a reasonable test the of collaborative governance theory’s eligibility. This thesis acknowledges certain limitations in the theoretical assumptions due to technological advancements. Consequently, further assessment of the theory is encouraged, as it may require refinement to adequately address new forms of incentives for collaboration resulting from emerging threats.