Submitted by Ana Carla Almeida (ana.almeida@ucsal.br) on 2017-12-27T15:44:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESEPATRICIAMARTINS.pdf: 1762084 bytes, checksum: 178f2429fcf9c3b1be39c9cff2f38735 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rosemary Magalhães (rosemary.magalhaes@ucsal.br) on 2017-12-27T17:46:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TESEPATRICIAMARTINS.pdf: 1762084 bytes, checksum: 178f2429fcf9c3b1be39c9cff2f38735 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-27T17:46:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TESEPATRICIAMARTINS.pdf: 1762084 bytes, checksum: 178f2429fcf9c3b1be39c9cff2f38735 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-28 / Na contemporaneidade as mulheres estão cada vez mais presentes no mundo do trabalho. A maternidade já não é mais sua única identidade. Algumas mulheres externam sua não adesão ao projeto maternal, ainda que a maioria queira. Desenvolver um projeto profissional, ter uma profissão, renda própria e autonomia, se constituem tão importantes quanto a escolha de ter filhos. As mulheres estão a desenvolver uma dinâmica de conciliação do trabalho produtivo com o reprodutivo. As profissionais de saúde, entre outras, enfrentam esta realidade. Na área da saúde e, em especial, nos hospitais identificam-se características diferenciadas, tais como plantões diuturnos de 12 e 24h, em feriados, finais de semana e datas especiais, excesso de demanda de atendimento, pessoas em crise e em sofrimento. Este conjunto de circunstâncias específicas impõe mais desafios para essa conciliação entre as atividades laborais e a maternais. Nesta pesquisa indagou-se como as profissionais de saúde de emergências hospitalares públicas vivenciam a dinâmica de conciliação entre o trabalho e a maternidade? O objetivo geral foi analisar a dinâmica de conciliação do trabalho em saúde com a maternidade entre as profissionais de emergência de hospitais públicos baianos. Os objetivos específicos foram: o de analisar as condições de trabalho das profissionais de saúde nas emergências públicas e no seu contexto familiar; desvendar as estratégias utilizadas para os exercícios do trabalho nas Emergências e da Maternidade pelas profissionais de saúde; identificar o lugar das dimensões subjetivas das profissionais de saúde enquanto trabalhadoras, mães e mulheres entre o trabalho em saúde e o da maternidade. Optou-se pelo método qualitativo, desenvolvendo entrevistas com profissionais de saúde atuantes na assistência de emergências hospitalares públicas da Bahia, por período igual e superior a um ano, desde que mães de filhos ainda crianças. Suas falas foram analisadas pela técnica nominada análise de conteúdo. As participantes autorizaram mediante o consentimento livre e esclarecido, havendo prévio documento de aceite dos dois hospitais campo de estudo, no interior e na capital. Foram observados os trâmites e requerimentos éticos. Os resultados estão apresentados na versão de artigos, sendo o primeiro de revisão de literatura sobre o adiamento da maternidade e sua relação com a queda da taxa de fecundidade. Os artigos seguintes foram construídos a partir de perguntas norteadoras e escritos com o conteúdo das entrevistas. Um aborda as estratégias de conciliação do trabalho nas emergências com a maternidade. Outro artigo discute como as mulheres desenvolvem o dia a dia da maternidade. O seguinte trata sobre a participação dos maridos/companheiros na dinâmica de conciliação do trabalho produtivo com o reprodutivo enquanto o último artigo analisa a rede de apoio utilizada por estas mulheres. Na conclusão, constatadas as dificuldades para o exercício dessa conciliação, seja pelas condições e organização do trabalho nos hospitais ainda muito rígidas e pouco afeitas às especificidades e necessidades das mulheres, como também na insatisfação da pouca participação dos cônjuges, que insistem no discurso de atividades domésticas e cuidados com os filhos como funções femininas, fruto da divisão sexual do trabalho, presente na realidade brasileira. Identificados os sentimentos de culpa por se acharem ausentes, desejosas de passarem mais tempo com seus filhos, responsáveis pela alimentação, educação e cuidados sanitários destes, contando com apoio de alguns cônjuges, de suas mães, as avós maternas e outras pessoas do sexo feminino da família, algumas contratando o serviço de empregadas domésticas, não utilizando creches e outros equipamentos disponibilizados pelas políticas públicas. Conclui-se pela necessidade de apoio aos movimentos feministas na defesa de uma nova divisão do trabalho, com mulheres e homens em condição de igualdade nos distintos ambientes laborais, o produtivo e o reprodutivo. Destaca-se, afinal, a relevância e a atualidade do debate sobre as condições de trabalho nos hospitais públicos brasileiros exercido essencialmente por mulheres e, talvez, por isso mesmo tão precário. / Nowadays, women are getting more and present in the working world. Maternity is no longer their only identity. Some women express their non-adherence to the maternity project, even though the majority still wants it. To develop a professional project, to have a profession, an income and autonomy are as important to them as the choice of having children. Women are developing a conciliation procedure of the productive and the reproductive work. Women who are healthcare professionals, among others, face this reality. In the healthcare field, and especially in hospitals, it is possible to find specific working conditions as shifts of 12 and 24 hours, including holidays, weekends and special dates, excessive service demand, people in crisis and suffering. This particular set of circumstances poses more challenges for the conciliation between labor activities and motherhood. This research discusses how professional health care women who work in the emergency service of public hospitals experience the conciliation procedure between work and maternity. The general objective was to analyze the conciliation dynamic of the healthcare work and maternity among emergency professionals of public Bahian hospitals. The specific objectives were: analyze the working conditions of the healthcare professionals in public emergency rooms and their family context; unveil the strategies used by them to deal with emergency work and maternity; identify the subjective place occupied by these professionals as workers, mothers and women between healthcare work and maternity. The quantitative method was chosen for this research, developing interviews with healthcare professionals acting in the emergency assistance of public hospitals for a period equal or superior to a year, and mothers of small children. The responses were analyzed by the content analysis technique The participants authorized the interviews through a free and informed consent, with a previous acceptance document from two hospitals, one in the interior of the state and one in the capital. All ethical requirements were observed. The results are presented in the form of articles, the first of them being a literature review on maternity postponing and its relation to a fall in the fertility rate. The articles that followed were built from the guiding questions and the content of the interviews. One is about the strategies of conciliation between work in the emergency room and maternity. Other article discusses how these women cope with maternity in a daily basis. The following article deals with the participation of husbands\partners in the conciliation of the productive and the reproductive work and the last article analyzes the support network used by the women. In the conclusion, it was possible to verify the difficulties in the conciliation exercise, weather due to working conditions and working organization in hospitals that are still very rigid and not yet properly adapted to the needs of women or to the dissatisfaction with the little participation of the spouses. The spouses insist in the discourse of the domestic care of house and children as a feminine role, fruit of the sexual division of work, present in the Brazilian context. It was also possible to identify the guilt felt by the women for being absent while longing to spend more time with their children, being responsible for the feeding, education and hygiene care, counting with the support of some spouses, their mothers, some grandmothers and other family women, hiring house maids, not using day care institutions and other equipment disposed by public policies. The study concludes that more support for the feminist movements should be given, in the defense of a new labor division, with women and men in equal condition in both productive and reproductive labor environments. Finally, the relevance and actuality of the debate about public hospitals working conditions stands out, since it is essentially performed by women in a precarious environment.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:27:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marly Aparecida Franzao Burger.pdf: 391039 bytes, checksum: 62a9d04d13f61a12b3f20ef788e2d757 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003-08-18 / This research analyzes the professional burnout in university professors appointedly in its relation with the professional stress felt by them. Therefore, this study uses 92 professors from a group of colleges, in a city located in the northwest part of the state of Sao Paulo. These professors answered to the three surveys especially designed for this purpouse. The study highlights the main authors and research lines in the burnout area. It also revises the concepts of stress and indicates the main sources of professional exhaustion which causes the sindrome. It verifies qualitative and quantitative data from the stress and burnout perspective and poins out as results the necessity of further studies to evaluate, more deeply, the amount of cases between university professors, providing borader means to understand its nature, causes, preventive measures, reinforcing the models that integarte the three dimenssions of burnout. The conclusions of the study show that it is necessary the professors to receive more adequate training to deal with the dificult aspects of their professional lives, no only the ones considered intrinsic to the activity, but also those originated from the fast changes of the educational systems. / Analisa o fen?meno do burnout profissional em professores universit?rios, designadamente em suas rela??es com o estresse profissional percebido pelos docentes. Para tanto, utiliza 92 professores universit?rios de um grupo de faculdades integradas, em cidade da regi?o noroeste do interior paulista, que responderam aos tr?s invent?rios especialmente elaborados para este fim. Destaca os principais autores e linhas de pesquisa na ?rea do burnout, bem como revisa os conceitos de estresse e indica as principais fontes de desgaste profissional, causadoras da s?ndrome. Verifica dados qualitativos e quantitativos pela perspectiva do estresse e do burnout. Aponta como resultados, a necessidade de outros estudos que permitam avaliar, com mais rigor, a sua incid?ncia entre os professores universit?rios , que alarguem a compreens?o sobre a sua natureza, determinantes, formas de preven??o, e refor?a a pertin?ncia dos modelos que integram a tridimensionalidade do burnout. Conclui que ? necess?rio que os professores recebam treinamento mais adequado para conviver com aspectos tidos como dif?ceis na profiss?o, tanto aqueles que s?o considerados intr?nsecos ? atividade, quanto aqueles que decorrem das mudan?as r?pidas dos sistemas educacionais.

O presente trabalho busca conhecer como as mulheres com filhos que trabalham remuneradamente organizam seus tempos para cuidar de sua saúde. Pretende fornecer uma análise comparativa entre dois contextos diferentes, o de São Paulo e o de Barcelona. As duas cidades são tomadas como contextos socioculturais que apresentam divergências e convergências de culturas e práticas, na saúde e no trabalho social e doméstico das mulheres. Analisamos os dados segundo os referenciais do imaginário social e das representações sociais em torno à maternidade, feminismo, tempo livre e cuidado de si para a mulher com filhos. O lazer, o cuidado de si e o ambiente, social e historicamente construído, são fatores decisivos para a saúde integral do ser humano. Neste ponto, a cultura desempenha um importante papel como sistema que promove uma determinada compreensão do mundo, sendo fundamental para explicar nossos modos de viver. Neste sentido, consideramos as relações desiguais e hierárquicas de poder construídas entre gêneros um traço recorrente de culturas mediterrâneas e de diferentes países da América Latina. Realizamos entrevistas semi-estruturadas com mulheres de camada média ou alta da população que trabalham socialmente e cuidam de sua família. Na análise do material empírico foram feitas três tipos leituras: uma primeira de \"impregnação\", uma segunda que compara as entrevistas da mesma cidade e, por último, uma terceira que contrasta os dados das duas cidades. Esses dois últimos tipos de leitura permitem uma interpretação do tipo hermenêutico na análise do material, conduzindo-nos a atingir de maneira mais eficaz o objetivo deste estudo / This study is dealing with the times of women with children -social work, care work and free time. The goal is to identify if they have free time to promote their health, comparing the Spanish (Barcelona) context to the Brazilian (São Paulo) context. These two cities are taken here as sociocultural contexts that show divergences and convergences as far as practices are concerned, this research aims to observe and understand the positions of these women in terms of health and social and domestic women\'s work. The analysis aims deeply explore the social representation and imaginary concepts related to motherhood, feminism, leisure and self-care for women with children. Leisure, self-care and environment, socially and historically constructed, are critical to the overall health of the human being. At this juncture, culture plays an important role as a system that promotes a particular understanding of the world, an essential aspect to explain our ways of living. We consider that the unequal and hierarchical relations of power constructed between genders are a recurring trait of Mediterranean cultures and different countries of Latin America. We conduct semistructured interviews with middle-class or high-income women who work socially and care for their families. As for the analysis of the empirical material produced on the field, three types of interpretations of the interviews were made: a first one called \"impregnation\", a second one that result of the comparison of the interviews from the same city and, finally, a third one that arise from the comparison between the two cities as different socio-cultural contexts. These last two types of reading allows a hermeneutic interpretation of the material analysis, enabling us to achieve this study\'s goal in effective fashion

O presente trabalho busca conhecer como as mulheres com filhos que trabalham remuneradamente organizam seus tempos para cuidar de sua saúde. Pretende fornecer uma análise comparativa entre dois contextos diferentes, o de São Paulo e o de Barcelona. As duas cidades são tomadas como contextos socioculturais que apresentam divergências e convergências de culturas e práticas, na saúde e no trabalho social e doméstico das mulheres. Analisamos os dados segundo os referenciais do imaginário social e das representações sociais em torno à maternidade, feminismo, tempo livre e cuidado de si para a mulher com filhos. O lazer, o cuidado de si e o ambiente, social e historicamente construído, são fatores decisivos para a saúde integral do ser humano. Neste ponto, a cultura desempenha um importante papel como sistema que promove uma determinada compreensão do mundo, sendo fundamental para explicar nossos modos de viver. Neste sentido, consideramos as relações desiguais e hierárquicas de poder construídas entre gêneros um traço recorrente de culturas mediterrâneas e de diferentes países da América Latina. Realizamos entrevistas semi-estruturadas com mulheres de camada média ou alta da população que trabalham socialmente e cuidam de sua família. Na análise do material empírico foram feitas três tipos leituras: uma primeira de \"impregnação\", uma segunda que compara as entrevistas da mesma cidade e, por último, uma terceira que contrasta os dados das duas cidades. Esses dois últimos tipos de leitura permitem uma interpretação do tipo hermenêutico na análise do material, conduzindo-nos a atingir de maneira mais eficaz o objetivo deste estudo / This study is dealing with the times of women with children -social work, care work and free time. The goal is to identify if they have free time to promote their health, comparing the Spanish (Barcelona) context to the Brazilian (São Paulo) context. These two cities are taken here as sociocultural contexts that show divergences and convergences as far as practices are concerned, this research aims to observe and understand the positions of these women in terms of health and social and domestic women\'s work. The analysis aims deeply explore the social representation and imaginary concepts related to motherhood, feminism, leisure and self-care for women with children. Leisure, self-care and environment, socially and historically constructed, are critical to the overall health of the human being. At this juncture, culture plays an important role as a system that promotes a particular understanding of the world, an essential aspect to explain our ways of living. We consider that the unequal and hierarchical relations of power constructed between genders are a recurring trait of Mediterranean cultures and different countries of Latin America. We conduct semistructured interviews with middle-class or high-income women who work socially and care for their families. As for the analysis of the empirical material produced on the field, three types of interpretations of the interviews were made: a first one called \"impregnation\", a second one that result of the comparison of the interviews from the same city and, finally, a third one that arise from the comparison between the two cities as different socio-cultural contexts. These last two types of reading allows a hermeneutic interpretation of the material analysis, enabling us to achieve this study\'s goal in effective fashion

Counter-productive workplace behavior (CWB) is defined as any intentional behavior on the part of an organization member viewed by the organization as contrary to its legitimate interests. A growing body of literature reveals that individual variables and pre-employment integrity tests can play a strong role in the prediction of CWB. The empirical literature has failed to clarify which type of individual level antecedents, or types of integrity test items, are more predictive of CWB. The current study evaluated data collected from restaurant employees (N=464) that measured items relating to personality tendencies, attitudes toward acceptance of counter-productive behaviors, work and high school background, and admissions of counter-productive behavior. A confirmatory factor analysis revealed a mediocre fit to a typology of CWB (interpersonal CWB vs. organizational CWB). Correlation analysis revealed that only specific attitudinal items and empirically keyed biodata items were significantly related to CWB. Hierarchical regression analysis found that attitudinal items paralleling admissions of CWB contributed variance beyond that of other personality and work and high school background antecedents.

The Three-Component Model of organizational commitment (TCM) by Meyer and Allen (1991, 1997) is widely regarded as the most dominant model in organizational commitment research (Cohen, 2003, 2007). However, recent research by Solinger et al. (2008) questioned the legitimacy of the TCM as a general model of organizational commitment. More specifically, the authors criticized the TCM for grouping affective commitment as an attitude toward target with continuance and normative commitment as attitudes toward behaviors under one general label of attitudinal construct. Based on the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA; Ajzen & Fishbein, 1980), Solinger et al. (2008) argued that we should consider organizational commitment strictly as an attitude toward the organization (i.e., affective commitment). Based on Eagly and Chaiken's (1993) composite attitude-behavior model, the current study tested the reconceptualization of organizational commitment as a unidimensional construct reflecting employees' attitudes toward the organization (i.e., affective commitment) in predicting several organizational behaviors (i.e., considerate voice, production deviance, and behavioral engagement). In addition, I also investigated whether these organizational behaviors could be better explained by adding different classes of behavioral expectancies (i.e., utilitarian, normative and self-identity expectancies) as antecedents. Finally, I tested the mediating roles of attitude toward behaviors in the relationship between affective commitment and three behavioral expectancies and the three organizational behaviors. A sample of 258 employees in a large-sized organization in China was obtained for this study. The results suggested that none of the hypotheses of the current study was supported by the evidence in the current study. In particular, affective commitment and three classes of behavioral expectancies did not significantly predict their corresponding behaviors. In addition, I also did not find the evidence for the indirect effects from affective commitment and the behavioral expectancies on the behaviors. Several alternative explanations were provided for the results. Among those, the lack of compatibility between affective commitment and the behaviors, the existence of moderators (e.g. national culture), the lack of necessary control to perform the behaviors successfully are key factors that might lead to the current findings. Although none of the hypotheses was supported, I found limited empirical supports for the reconceptualization of organizational commitment strictly as the attitude toward the organization and that organizational behaviors could be better explained by adding appropriate behavioral expectancies to the model (Solinger et al., 2008). Finally, theoretical and practical implications of the current study as well as directions for future research are discussed.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:48:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcos Rogerio Sigrist.pdf: 668653 bytes, checksum: ac53bc78b8ad29562fa918eff959f8a3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-05-20 / This work aims to analyze the behavior of Brazilian national accounts calculated by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics - IBGE when they are applied to them the concepts of Marxist theory of productive work. To this end, it was necessary, in the first time, to investigate the premises which involve the theory of Marx on productive work, and then specify them and evaluates which determinants characteristics of this type of work. The second step was to verify what activities members of the System of National Accounts - SNA using productive work, and the share of the productive work on each of these activities. Identified six activities which employ unproductive work: financial institutions, services of households, rent of buildings, public administration, unpaid services and trade. Still, were identified parcels of unproductive work inserted into other activities of the National Accounts System. The next step was recalculate the values of production, intermediate consumption, add value, remuneration and the number of employees involved only in productive activities, not despise the limitations imposed by the data available. The result indicates an underestimation of the productive sectors of the Brazilian GDP calculated by IBGE, because share of the value produced by them appear in national accounts as value produced by unproductive sectors / Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o comportamento dos valores das contas nacionais brasileiras calculados pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística - IBGE quando são aplicados a eles os conceitos da teoria marxista do trabalho produtivo. Para tanto, foi necessário, em um primeiro momento, investigar as premissas que envolvem a teoria de Marx sobre o trabalho produtivo, para então detalhá-las e avaliar quais as determinantes características deste tipo de trabalho. O segundo passo foi verificar quais atividades integrantes do Sistema de Contas Nacionais - SCN utilizam trabalho produtivo, e ainda a parcela deste trabalho constante em cada uma destas atividades. Foram identificadas seis atividades que empregam trabalho improdutivo: instituições financeiras, serviços prestados às famílias, aluguel de imóveis, administração pública, serviços privados não mercantis e comércio. Ainda, foram identificadas parcelas de trabalho improdutivo inseridas em outras atividades do SCN. O próximo passo foi recalcular os valores das contas componentes do Produto Interno Bruto brasileiro considerando apenas atividades produtivas, não desprezando as limitações impostas pelos dados disponíveis. O resultado obtido aponta uma subestimação do PIB dos setores produtivos calculado pelo IBGE, porque parte do valor produzido por eles aparece nas contas nacionais como valor gerado pelos setores improdutivos

Thesis (M. Dev. (Planning and Development)) -- University of Limpopo, 2017 / This qualitative case study investigates the relevance of the Extended Public Works Programme (EPWP) as a solution to unemployment and poverty. A qualitative case study research design was used to collect and analyse the data. Data collection instruments consisted of interviews, questionnaires, observations and document analysis. Data analysis was largely in the form of thematic approach, since the study was qualitative. The choice of a qualitative design was informed by the need to engage the beneficiaries in their lived experiences during and after participating in the EPWPs. The main findings of the study were that although the EPWP improves the quality of life of the beneficiaries, however, it is not a sustainable solution to unemployment and poverty. That is because the structural constraints which confront beneficiaries at the end of the EPWP remain an obstacle to them in terms of employment opportunities and self-employment. The study therefore recommends a more integrated approach to the problem. It is recommended that the government develops a post EPWP sustainability plan which incorporates infrastructural and social development issues in all projects. Key words Poverty, EPWP, Unemployment, Work, Decent work, Productive work, Quality of Life Development and Developmental state.

The research present have study object ´´the nature of the teaching activity performed in capitalism`` and has as its general objective: "to analyze the teaching activity carried on in the capitalist mode of production, from the work category, in order to verify how it is being discussed the nature of this activity in academic productions". This is a literature whose sources are secondary. Appropriates historical and dialectical materialism as a method, which involves asserting that reality is the starting point of the whole analysis. The chapters presented deal with the development of human sociality process whose central category is the work, the resulting changes to the capitalist mode of production, addressing two central categories to understand it today: productive and unproductive labor. Approach the nature of teaching activity from these categories and dialogue with the academic productions that deal with this theme and are available at the Bank of CAPES thesis. The research allows to characterize the teaching activity as a situated action in the list of secondary teleological positions; argue that although it is employed, the teacher is not productive worker, since it does not produce nor asset value, and assert that there is only one nature of teaching activity determinations suffering differentiated depending on the sphere to which it is subjected. / A presente pesquisa tem como objeto de estudo a natureza da atividade docente exercida no capitalismo e apresenta como objetivo geral: analisar a atividade docente exercida no modo de produção capitalista, a partir da categoria trabalho, no sentido de verificar como está sendo discutida a natureza dessa atividade nas produções acadêmicas . Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica cujas fontes são secundárias. Apropria-se do materialismo histórico-dialético como método, o que implica afirmar que a realidade é o ponto de partida de toda a análise. Os capítulos apresentados versam sobre desenvolvimento do processo de sociabilidade humana cuja categoria central é o trabalho, as modificações advindas com o modo de produção capitalista, tratando de duas categorias centrais para compreendê-lo na atualidade: trabalho produtivo e improdutivo. Abordam a natureza da atividade docente a partir dessas categorias e dialogam com as produções acadêmicas que tratam da temática e se encontram disponibilizadas no Banco de Teses da CAPES. A pesquisa possibilita caracterizar a atividade docente como uma ação situada no rol das posições teleológicas secundárias; argumentar que embora seja assalariado, o docente não é trabalhador produtivo, visto que não produz valor nem tampouco mais-valia; e afirmar que somente há uma natureza da atividade docente que sofre determinações diferenciadas a depender da esfera a que esteja submetida.