Syftet med uppsatsen var att undersöka hur prostitution, sexköpare och sexsäljare, framställs i tryckt media. I detta fall, i åtta nyhetsartiklar från Aftonbladet. Detta för att sedan kunna se hur eller om diskursen förändrats, före och efter #Metoo. Metoden som användes var en kvalitativ, kritisk diskursanalys, med grund i representationsteori och genusvetenskap. Med dessa teorier som utgångspunkt har flera skillnader kunnat visas, medan andra detaljer fortsatte att existera. Resultatet säger att prostituerade kvinnors historier sällan var beskrivna i artiklar innan #Metoo, vilket det i högre utsträckning var efter #Metoo. Sexköparnas historier däremot framkommer ofta innan, och allt mindre efter. Dessa beskrivs även som närhetssökande, ensamma män, medan de efter #Metoo alltmer framställs som förövare och torskar på gruppnivå. Aftonbladets problemformulering tycks också ha ändrats. Slutsatsen var att texterna innan uppropen fokuserade på männen, hur de gått tillväga och varför de köper sex. Efteråt beskrivs ett systematiskt samhällsproblem, som heter människohandel och prostitution. / The purpose of this thesis was to examine how prostitution, sex buyers, and sex sellers are portrayed in print media. In this case, eight news articles from Aftonbladet were analyzed. This was done to see how or if the discourse has changed before and after #Metoo. The method used was a qualitative, critical discourse analysis, based on representation theory and gender studies. With these theories as a foundation, several differences have been identified, while other details continued to persist. The results indicate that the stories of prostituted women were rarely described in articles before #Metoo, but were more frequently covered after #Metoo. Conversely, the stories of sex buyers often appeared before and became less common afterward. Before #Metoo, sex buyers were depicted as men seeking closeness and being lonely, whereas after #Metoo they were increasingly portrayed as perpetrators and johns at a group level. Aftonbladet's problem formulation also seems to have changed. The conclusion was that the texts before the movement focused on the men, how they acted, and why they bought sex. Afterwards, a systematic social problem called human trafficking and prostitution is described.

This thesis is a study of the problem of subjectivity and prostitution in the Middle Ages. Three legal case studies of unpublished archival material and one chapter focussing on fictional texts from late mediaeval Germany and Switzerland are used to investigate the conditions of prostitutes' subjectification in law and literature. The thesis takes impetus from Ruth Karras's recent articulation of the problem of prostitution and sexuality, seeking to engage critically with her notion of “prostitute” as a medieval sexual identity that might be applied to any woman who had extra-marital sex. In dealing with trial records, it also aims to make a methodological contribution to the study of crime and the problem of locating the individual. Chapters I-III examine the records of criminal cases featuring the testimony of prostitutes, or women who risked such categorisation, to consider the available subject positions both within and outwith the context of municipal regulation. Whilst acknowledging the force of normative ideas about prostitutes as lustful women, these chapters argue that prostitutes' subject positions in legal cases were adopted according to local conditions, and depended upon the immediate circumstances of the women involved. They also consider trial records as a form of masculine discourse, arguing that an anxious masculine subject can be seen to emerge in response to the phenomenon of prostitution. Chapter IV expands this discussion by drawing on literary texts showing how prostitutes prompted concern on the part of male poets and audiences, for whom their sexual agency was a threat which belied their theoretical status as sexual objects. Note: Transcriptions of the legal cases making up chapters I-III are provided in Appendices A, B, and C.

Durant la première moitié du XXe siècle, les membres des élites québécoises et canadiennes – des hommes pour la plupart - expriment leurs inquiétudes face à la prostitution urbaine. Ce problème existe depuis longtemps, mais considéré à l’intérieur du nouveau paysage urbain moderne, il prend une importance ainsi qu’un sens nouveau. Politiciens, médecins et réformateurs développent un discours dans lequel les femmes deviennent les seules et uniques responsables de ce que certains d’entre eux considèrent être l’un des pires fléaux de leur temps. À l’inverse, la responsabilité des hommes n’est que rarement soulignée dans ce discours. Ces élites s’entendent sur la nécessité de préserver la santé physique et morale de la société, mais c’est en ce qui a trait au modus operandi que le consensus parait moins clair. Certains d’entre eux vont mettre de l’avant une approche qui vise à contrôler la prostitution tandis que d’autres militeront pour la suppression totale de ce vice. Mais peu importe l’approche souhaitée, est-ce que le discours qui se construit autour de la répression de la prostitution au Québec à cette époque s'accompagne dans les faits d'actions concrètes pour contrer l'existence des bordels ? Notre analyse révèle que les rapports de classe et de genre sur lesquels est construit ce discours ne se reflètent qu’en partie dans la répression des acteurs et des établissements liés au milieu prostitutionnel de la ville de Québec durant l’entre-deux-guerres. D’un côté, les magistrats semblent faire preuve d’une certaine clémence à l’égard des clients. De plus, la grande majorité des maisons de débauche sont situées en Basse-ville, surtout dans le quartier Saint-Roch. D’un autre côté, force est d'admettre que les hommes sont loin d'être épargnés par la répression policière. Ils sont clients de la prostitution, mais agissent aussi en tant que proxénète et/ou tenancier.

La présente étude vise à explorer l’univers de la cohabitation entre les activités prostitutionnelles de rue et résidentielles du quartier Hochelaga-Maisonneuve. Précisément, elle s’attarde aux effets d’une telle pratique sur l’environnement du secteur résidentiel. Ancrée dans une perspective constructiviste, l’étude s’attarde aux discours de 35 acteurs-clés qui relatent leurs expériences de cohabitation. Ces acteurs sont des commerçants, des résidents du secteur, des intervenants de proximité ainsi que des travailleuses du sexe. À travers l’analyse d’entretiens et d’une centaine d’heures d’observations sur le terrain avec des agents du service de police de Montréal, l’étude expose les enjeux en matière de cohabitation, introduit l’idée d’une tolérance négociée et dresse un portrait de la narcoprostitution de rue, spécifique au quartier Hochelaga-Maisonneuve. À la lumière des résultats, on constate qu’il est difficile de dissocier les activités prostitutionnelles, des habitudes de toxicomanie. Précisément, la prostitution de rue, la présence de cracks house dans le secteur, la consommation et l’intoxication d’individus sur les voies publiques ainsi que l’attroupement de personnes au mode de vie underground sont tous des éléments, bien souvent inter-reliés, présentés par les acteurs interrogés. L’étude met en lumière les effets qu’ont ces éléments sur l’environnement résidentiel du quartier. / This study aims to explore the universe of the cohabitation of street prostitution and residential activities in the district of Hochelaga-Maisonneuve. The research specifically focusses on the impact of such practices on theresidential environment. Rooted in a phenomenological perspective, the study is based on the speech of 35 key players reporting their cohabitation experiences. These actors are merchants, residents of the area, proximity stakeholders as well as sex workers. Through the analysis of interviews and of a hundred hours of field observation in the company of Montreal Police Service officers, the study outlines the cohabitation-related issues, introduces the idea of anegotiated tolerance and portrays the street narcoprostitution specific to Hochelaga-Maisonneuve district. In the light of our observations, we understand that it is difficult to separate prostitution activities and addiction habits. More precisely, street prostitution, the presence of cracks houses, public consumption and intoxication of individuals as well as gatherings of underground lifestyle people are all elements which are very often inter-connected and pointed out by the interviewed actors. The study highlights the impacts of these elements on theresidential neighborhood.

No description available.

The aim of the study is to elucidate what enables positive attitudes towards buying sex. The study has a posthumanist approach and the data is gathered trough hidden observations of a Swedish web forum dedicated to discussions of prostitution. The theoretical frame that is used in the study consist of concepts from the material feminists Karen Barads and Donna J. Haraways theories and Niels van Doorns argument of the embodiment of virtual texts. A theoretical inspired thematic analysis is used to examine the data from the observations of the web forum. The study shows that positive attitudes towards buying sex are given space and permanence though a variety of intra-actions between material and human agents. At the same time the result of the intra-actions is that the positive attitudes get mediated and endorsed, which enables positive attitudes towards buying sex. In addition to that, the intra-action between material and human agents creates normative understandings about buying sex and prostitution, which also enables these attitudes. In conclusion, the study shows that the enablement of positive attitudes towards buying sex is created through intra-action between not only human agents, instead the material shows to have a significant part in the enablement of positive attitudes towards buying sex.

In 1999, Sweden was the first country in the world to criminalize the buying, but not the selling, of sexual services. This law is based on the ideological stance that transactional sex is to be understood as men’s violence against women. Since 1999, however, various studies have shown that not only women sell sex, but that a large number of sex workers are men and transgender. The aim of this study is to investigate how Sweden’s national board of health and welfare (Socialstyrelsen) constructs and presents the gender and sexuality of individuals who are engaged in transactional sex. Educational materials on transactional sex, created by Socialstyrelsen and aimed at health care professionals who work with said individuals, have been processed using critical discourse analysis as elaborated by Fairclough. In this educational material, individuals who engage in transactional sex are portrayed primarily as victims; as such, they lack agency to represent themselves and their situation to the various authorities. Furthermore, professionals who work in this field have asked for methods to talk about transactional sex with their clients, but the material does not supply any such methods or vocabulary. Instead, it is mainly focused on the clients’ need for therapy.

Sexarbeit ist nach wie vor ein politisch stark umkämpftes Feld. Der Begriff bezeichnet eine konsensuelle sexuelle oder sexualisierte Dienstleistung zwischen volljährigen Geschäftspartner_innen gegen Entgelt oder andere materielle Güter und wird auf verschiedene Weisen verwendet. Im weiteren Sinne handelt es sich um einen Oberbegriff für sämtliche Formen sexueller und erotischer Arbeit. Im Kontext sex-positiver feministischer Politiken wird der Begriff Sexarbeit auch synonym für Prostitution verwendet, um die Anerkennung von Sexarbeit als Lohnarbeit zu verdeutlichen.

Inledning: I och med den unika svenska sexköpslagen som infördes 1999 som innebär kriminalisering av köp av sexuella tjänster, har fokus hamnat på den köpande parten i prostitutionen. Vid sidan av kriminaliseringen framhålls vikten av att öka insatserna som riktas mot sexköparna. En av de befintliga insatserna för att bekämpa prostitution är psykoterapi/samtalsbehandling. Syftet med studien är att öka kunskapen om psykoterapi med målgruppen män som köper sexuella tjänster utifrån hur de behandlande psykoterapeuterna upplever behandlingsprocessen. Frågeställning: Hur upplever psykoterapeuter psykodynamiska terapier med män som köper sexuella tjänster? Metod: En kvalitativ metod med deskriptiv och explorativ ansats har använts. Sju psykoterapeuter som arbetar eller har arbetat med män som köper sexuella tjänster har intervjuats. Det transkriberade intervjumaterialet har analyserats med tematisk analys. Resultat: Studiens resultat presenteras med fyra teman där balansakt är ett övergripande tema. Förståelse med undertema förklaringsmodeller och förhållningssätt, förakt med undertema äckel, förförelse samt brottet. Diskussion: Resultatet diskuteras utifrån perversionsbegreppet. Motöverföringskänslor av förakt och äckel stämmer överens med tidigare forskning och teori. Temat förförelse diskuteras utifrån att det skulle kunna vara skamligt att som psykoterapeut känna sig förförd eller attraherad och förledd i relation till patienter. Balansgången mellan att acceptera och patologisera lagbrottet och det avvikande beteendet diskuteras. / Introduction: Sweden has since 1999 a prostitution legislation that prohibits sex purchase. Focus has shifted towards the buyer in prostitution. Apart from the criminalization of sexual purchase actions to reduce prostitution pointed at the buying part is highlighted. One of the available actions is psychotherapy. The objective of the study is to increase the knowledge about psychotherapy focused on males that purchase sexual services from the experience of psychotherapists treating them. Question: How do psychotherapists experience psychodynamic psychotherapy with men who buy sexual services? Method: A qualitative method with a descriptive and explorative onset has been used. Seven psychotherapists that work with or have worked with men that purchase sexual services have been interviewed. The transcribed material has been analyzed using thematic analysis. Result: The result of the study is presented with four themes with the balancing act as an overall theme; Understanding with sub-themes explanation models and approaches; Contempt with sub-theme disgust; Seduction and The crime. Discussion: The results are discussed from the perversion concept. Countertransference emotions of contempt and disgust agree with earlier studies and theories. The theme of seduction is discussed from the perspective that it is shameful for a psychotherapist to feel seduced or attracted and beguiled in relation to the patients. The line between accepting and pathologizing the illegality and the abnormal behavior is discussed.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.