Cette thèse en anglais de spécialité s’inscrit dans le champ de l’étude des domaines spécialisés et de leurs discours en contexte anglophone. La recherche entreprise contribue à la caractérisation de l’anglais de l’alpinisme par l’étude du domaine spécialisé des guides de haute montagne états-uniens. Dans cet objectif, nous élaborons un modèle de caractérisation des domaines spécialisés et de leurs discours et nous le testons. La première partie présente notre cadre théorique et notre méthodologie de recherche. Elle s’ouvre par une réflexion épistémologique sur la posture du chercheur et sur son objet de recherche, avant de s’intéresser à l’approche du domaine spécialisé, puis au cadre méthodologique. La deuxième partie aborde la caractérisation du domaine spécialisé en contexte états-unien. Elle débute par une perspective historique sur l’alpinisme aux États-Unis. La communauté professionnelle des guides de haute montagne et les enjeux de leur pratique professionnelle font ensuite l’objet d’une analyse. La troisième partie propose une caractérisation des discours du domaine spécialisé de l’alpinisme. Nous identifions tout d’abord les outils mobilisables pour l’analyse des discours spécialisés, avant d’entreprendre une analyse terminologique de l’anglais de l’alpinisme et de tenter de dresser une typologie des genres du discours spécialisé écrit. / This dissertation focuses on English for Specific Purposes and, more particularly, on the study and characterization of specialized professional domains and their discourses in English-speaking countries. It is a contribution to the characterization of mountaineering English, via the study of the specialized domain of American mountain guides. To this end, a model for the characterization of specialized domains and their discourses was designed and tested. Part 1 presents the theoretical and methodological framework of this research. It begins with an epistemological reflection on the status of the researcher and his/her object, and then moves on to the description of the process by which specialized domains can be studied, based on a consideration on the methodological framework, and more particularly, on the nature and value of fieldwork. Part 2 focuses on the characterization of the specialized professional domain of mountain guiding and begins with a historical account of mountaineering in the US. It deals with the training and work of professional mountain guides and aims to identify and analyze the stakes for the profession today. Part 3 attempts to characterize the discourse of mountaineering and mountain guiding. Some features of this specialized discourse are discussed, from a terminological point of view, and finally, a typology of the different written genres of the specialized discourse is proposed.

Syftet med denna studie har varit att undersöka det skydd och stöd svenska myndigheter kan erbjuda offer för människohandel för sexuella ändamål (MSÄ). Detta har uppnåtts genom en textanalys av utvalda myndighetsdokument vilka behandlar skydd och stöd för personer utsatta för MSÄ. I fokus har även varit att analysera huruvida arbetet som beskrivs i texterna, samt intentionerna som framkommer, bär prägel av empowerment, det vill säga bidrar till en process där personerna blir stärkta och får ökad egenmakt i sina liv. Empowermentteorin har således utgjort ett analysverktyg i studien. Studiens resultat visar att texterna uttrycker intentioner om hjälp på lång sikt. Dessa intentioner anser vi bär prägel av empowerment. Intentioner framkommer även om att skydd och stöd bör vara villkorslöst och baserat på mänskliga rättigheter. Det stöd och skydd som beskrivs i texterna innefattar både akut och långsiktig hjälp. Dock har inte alla offer för MSÄ tillgång till samma skydd och stöd då detta villkoras beroende på vilken sorts uppehållstillstånd personen har. Medverkan i en rättsprocess är ett villkor för tidsbegränsat uppehållstillstånd i Sverige. Av denna anledning kan det diskuteras huruvida skydd och stöd ges främst för att möta MSÄ-offers behov eller i ett brottsbekämpande syfte. / The purpose of this study has been to investigate the support and protection the Swedish government can offer victims of human trafficking for sexual purposes (HTSP). This has been accomplished through a textual analysis of selected governmental documents, which describe support and protection for victims of HTSP. A focal point of this study has been to analyse whether the procedures described in the documents, and also the intentions therein, bears resemblance to the empowerment-theory. This includes whether it adds to a process where the persons are empowered and receives more control over their own lives. The result of the study shows that the texts express intentions of long-term support. We view these intentions as bearing resemblance to the empowerment-theory. Also, the texts show intentions of offering support and protection unconditionally and based upon human rights. The support and protection described in the texts envelop both emergent and long-term support. All victims of HTSP, though, do not have access to the same support and protection since this is based on what sort of visa the person holds. It is demanded to be part of a court-process to receive a short-term visa in Sweden. Because of this, it might be discussed whether support and protection is given first and foremost to meet the needs of victims of HTSP, or with the goal of fighting crime.

No contexto atual, o estabelecimento de acordos entre universidades brasileiras e estrangeiras assume importante papel no conjunto de medidas que visam à internacionalização das universidades no Brasil. Uma das iniciativas se refere à realização, na área de Letras, do Programa de Licenciaturas Internacionais para a França (PLI/França CAPES), que permite que estudantes de Letras Francês/Português de universidades brasileiras realizem uma parte de seus estudos em universidades francesas, mais especificamente, na Universidade Paris-Sorbonne. A partir dos dados obtidos com estudantes brasileiros na universidade francesa no período 2013-2015, identificamos as dificuldades encontradas para a realização de leitura e produção escrita literária em língua francesa, mais especificamente na produção escrita do commentaire linéaire. A partir desta constatação, esta pesquisa se desenvolveu com base nas etapas metodológicas definidas na didática do ensino de língua francesa, Francês para Objetivo Universitário (FOU) (Mangiante, Parpette, 2004, 2011, 2012) segundo as quais é necessária a preparação linguística, cultural e metodológica de estudantes estrangeiros que planejam realizar estudos na França. Baseando-nos também no referencial teórico sobre a leitura presentes em Eco (1979), Albuquerque-Costa (2004), Giasson (2007), Kleiman (2004, 2008, 2013), Pietraróia (1997, 2001), Pietraróia; Albuquerque-Costa (2014), Jouve (1993, 2002, 2012) os objetivos desta pesquisa são 1) desenvolver a compreensão de textos literários; 2) identificar as estratégias de leitura de textos literários; 3) analisar as características e as etapas de produção do commentaire linéaire solicitado no meio acadêmico francês para Letras. Nosso corpus de pesquisa foi constituído a partir dos dados obtidos no Curso de Extensão Lecture en Français: como se preparar para o intercâmbio? ministrado para estudantes de Letras Francês/Português da Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho/Assis. Os resultados obtidos apontam para a necessidade de preparação linguística, metodológica e cultural voltada para o desenvolvimento de um processo de leitura e produção do commentaire linéaire por meio de estratégias do estudo e compreensão dos textos literários. A contribuição desta pesquisa situa-se no âmbito da formação de professores e pesquisas na área da didática das línguas estrangeiras, em Francês para Objetivo Universitário (FOU), formação que, como pudemos observar, é essencial para estudantes que se preparam para programas de intercâmbio com a França. / At the present context, the cooperation between Brazilian and French universities assumes an important role in the range of measures that aims Brazilian universities internationalization. One of the initiatives refers to the holding, in Language Teaching studies, of the Programa de Licenciaturas Internacionais (PLI/França CAPES), which allows Brazilian students to make part of their studies in French universities to obtain Undergraduate Certification in Paris-Sorbonne. From data collected with Brazilian students in French universities in the period of 2013-2015, we identified difficulties in reading and writing in French literature, especially in commentaire linéaire writing. From this observation, this research was developed based on methodological steps defined in French teaching, French for Academic Purposes (FOU) (Mangiante, Parpette, 2004, 2011, 2012), according to the linguistics, cultural and methodological preparation required to students that plan to study in France.. Based on reading activities from theoretical frame of Giasson (2007), Kleiman (2004, 2008, 2013), Pietraróia (1997, 2001), Pietraróia; Albuquerque-Costa (2014), Jouve (1993, 2002, 2012) and Eco (1979), our research goals: 1) identify Reading strategies in literature; 2) develop literature texts comprehension; 3) analyze commentaire linéaires characteristics and production steps. Our research corpus was composed of data obtained during the Course Lecture en Français: como se preparar para o intercâmbio? offered to UNESP/Assis French Letters students. The results point the needs of linguistics-methodological preparation to develop a reading and writing process by literature reading strategies. This research contribution stands in teaching education and in the foreign languages teaching studies, in French for Academic Purposes (FOU), essential to students preparing to exchange programs in France.

Esta dissertação tem por objetivo discutir como estudantes franceses em intercâmbio na Escola Politécnica da Universidade de São Paulo (Poli-USP) desenvolvem a expressão oral em língua portuguesa em situações de comunicação no meio universitário no qual estão inseridos. Partindo dos pressupostos metodológicos descritos para o ensino de línguas para objetivo específico de acordo com Mangiante e Parpette (2004, 2011), Carras et al. (2007) e Mourlhon-Dallies (2008) realizamos a identificação e análise das necessidades de comunicação dos estudantes em mobilidade na Poli para definir os objetivos de aprendizagem que orientaram a seleção de conteúdos e documentos e a elaboração das atividades do curso de Português para Objetivo Universitário (PU). Escolhemos trabalhar com o desenvolvimento da expressão oral em língua portuguesa como aspecto central do curso PU na Poli, pois esta era a demanda mais urgente colocada pelos estudantes no seu contexto de inserção universitária. Além disso, constatamos uma ausência de trabalhos na área relacionados à concepção de cursos de português voltados a um público específico de língua francesa e de uma determinada área, a engenharia. Com base nos princípios do ensino para a ação (CUQ, GRUCA, 2002; TAGLIANTE, 2006; PUREN, 2005, 2006, 2011, 2013), nos estudos de Moutinho e Almeida Filho (2011) sobre o ensino e aprendizagem de português língua estrangeira (PLE) na universidade, e nas obras de Nóbrega (2004) e Gomes-Santos (2012) no que diz respeito ao desenvolvimento da expressão oral, os módulos elaborados e aplicados nos permitiram discutir aspectos relacionados à formação em três eixos, o linguístico-lexical, o acadêmico e o sociocultural, relacionados ao meio universitário dos estudantes. O corpus desta pesquisa consiste na análise de atividades que levaram os estudantes à produção final de uma apresentação oral em língua portuguesa sobre um tema relacionado às áreas da engenharia no contexto universitário da Poli. Os resultados de nossa análise indicam que o léxico relacionado aos temas abordados restabelece o lugar da língua de especialidade dentro de formações para contextos universitários, como ferramenta de comunicação e de construção do discurso acadêmico. Um segundo aspecto está ligado aos aspectos socioculturais presentes de uma cultura para outra no que concerne aos saberes acadêmicos, metodológicos, relacionados às modalidades de trabalhos desenvolvidas no meio universitário. Um terceiro dado dos resultados se refere ao trabalho do professor para a elaboração de cursos dessa natureza, implicando-o na realização das etapas que envolvem a coleta de dados tornando explícitas as dimensões institucionais, didático-metodológicas e socioculturais características desses cursos (MANGIANTE; PARPETTE, 2004, 2011). Experiência pioneira de ensino de português para objetivos específicos no contexto da Poli, nosso trabalho contribuiu para a compreensão dos aspectos a serem considerados em futuras formações de professores e estudantes em PU. / This study aims to discuss how French exchange students at the Polytechnic School at the University of São Paulo (Poli) develop oral expression in Portuguese in communicative situations from within this academic environment. By using methodological proceedings described for language teaching for specific purposes according to Mangiante and Parpette (2004, 2011), Carras et al. (2007) and Mourlhon-Dallies (2008), it was possible to identify and investigate the students communicative needs and define the learning objectives which built the contents, documents and activities for the Portuguese for academic purposes (PU) course. We worked with the development of oral expression in Portuguese as a central aspect of the course PU at Poli because it was the most urgent demand spotted by students in the academic context. Furthermore, we found a lack of works related to the Portuguese course design for a specific French public and from a particular field, engineering. Based on the principles of communication for action (CUQ, GRUCA, 2002; TAGLIANTE, 2006; PUREN, 2005, 2006, 2011, 2013), in Moutinho and Almeida Filhos (2011) studies about teaching and learning Portuguese as a foreign language (PLE) at the university and the works of Nóbrega (2004) and Gomes-Santos (2012) regarding to the development of oral expression, the segments created and applied in our research allowed us to discuss aspects related to students formation in three axes the linguistic-lexical, academic and socio-cultural, all related to the university context. The corpus of this research consists in the analysis of activities that eventually led the students to a final production, an oral presentation in Portuguese about a subject related to engineering field in the university context of Poli. The results show that lexical technicalities related to approached themes regain their expert language role within academic contexts when used as a tool of communication and construction of the academic speech. A second aspect involves the presence of sociocultural traits from one culture to another regarding to academic and methodological knowledge related to methods of work developed in the university context. A third aspect of the results refers to the teachers work in the development of courses of this nature, carrying out the steps which include data collection and revealing institutional dimensions, didactic-methodological and sociocultural characteristics of these courses (MANGIANTE; PARPETTE 2004, 2011). Regarded as a pioneering experience in teaching Portuguese for specific purposes at the Poli context, our course has contributed to the comprehension of the aspects to be considered in future for teachers and students training in PU.

This thesis reports on a meta-analysis of the most relevant employabilitycompetencies to foster refugees’ labour integration which may be potentiallyleveraged through a target language for specific purposes (LSP)MOOCsyllabus. Italso suggests to group the thus identified employability competencies into threecategories tofurther supportLSPMOOC syllabus design and implementation.Themethodology of meta-analysis was based on Cooper’s (2017) five-stage model andguided by exploratory data analysis (EDA) of a dedicated research corpus that wasspecifically tailored for this study. Three data mining tools were used to performnatural language pre-processing and pattern extraction, directed by key terms(employability, competency, competencies, skill, ability, abilities, vocational,refugee,andlabour) used in various query combinations and limiters. IterativeEDApost-processing of metadata generated by these tools, based ontheoretical andsemantic sorting and integration, led to 21 re-aggregated clusters of employabilitycompetencies and the suggested categories for grouping them.The present studyshows that the broader capillarity of data and text mining tools, as well as ofEDA,can contribute toa more encompassing view of employability competencies and oftheLSP as a tool-competency, hence to a greater capillarity ofcompetency-basedVET(Vocational Education and Training) syllabus design, particularly the proposedinnovative type ofLSPMOOC syllabus. / <p>Examination Seminar held by Zoom given that it was a Distance Programme</p>

This thesis focuses on the design of the hexacopter construction for photographic purposes with maximum load of 4 kg. When constructing a hexacopter it is necessary to take into account a number of factors. For the actual construction the correct dimensioning of the supporting frame is important as well as the locomotor system. The main concept of this thesis includes three-axis gimbal for camera control. The verification of the structure strength was performed using FEM analysis. This work describes also the selection of individual components and their wiring. The end is dedicated to safety and different procedures for reducing operation risks.

This thesis concerns the design documentation multifunctional house in Ledeč of the town. The building has four floors and no basement.The building is designed as a brick building from Porotherm in plan a rectangular shape with a flat roof. Roofing will be made of soft PVC gray. The ground floor will be located premises for commercial purposes and the other three floors will be used for accommodation. The house is located on undeveloped land with the ground plane. On land will also be established with a capacity of 36 parking lots for cars.

Cette thèse porte sur la caractérisation du milieu des think tanks aux États-Unis à travers l’étude de leur discours et de leur culture professionnelle dans le cadre d’une recherche en anglais de spécialité. L’objectif est de démontrer que ce milieu hétérogène peut être envisagé comme un milieu spécialisé, caractérisé par un discours et une culture spécifiques qui répondent aux impératifs de son objectif d’influence. Dans une première partie, nous exposons les fondements épistémologiques de la thèse : nous présentons les défis soulevés par l’étude de cet objet du point de vue de la recherche en anglais de spécialité, et proposons une approche de sa spécialisation fondée sur sa raison d’être. Une définition opératoire est élaborée, et le cadre méthodologique de la thèse à la croisée de l’histoire institutionnelle et politique des États-Unis, de l’ethnographie, de l’analyse du discours et de la pragmatique est exposé. La deuxième partie porte sur les modalités notamment culturelles de la spécialisation ; nous montrons comment le milieu s’est structuré en réponse à un besoin d’expertise dans la société américaine, et s’organise autour de missions, pratiques, valeurs et genres communs. Une topographie de ces genres est proposée pour éclairer les modalités communicationnelles de la stratégie programmatique des think tanks. La troisième partie explore les modalités discursives de cette stratégie dans deux genres, les blogs et les policy briefs, pris individuellement, puis en vis-à-vis ; l’analyse des modules péritextuels, structurels et interpersonnels révèle un ensemble de choix argumentatifs qui reflètent les enjeux de captation et de crédibilité de l’intervention des experts. / This dissertation aims to characterize the milieu of think tanks in the United States through their discourse and professional culture from the French point of view of research on English for Specific Purposes. We contend that this heterogeneous milieu may nonetheless be considered a specialized milieu, as its discourse and its culture are shaped by its programmatic aim. Part 1 presents the epistemological foundations of our research: it sheds light on the theoretical challenges raised by the study of think tanks in the framework of English for Specific Purposes and offers an approach to specialization based on its raison d’être. We suggest a working definition for the milieu and explain the methodology for this study situated at the crossroads between US institutional and political history, ethnography, the French approach to discourse analysis, and pragmatics. Part 2 focuses on the cultural manifestations of think tanks’ programmatic aim; it shows how the milieu has crystallized in response to a need for expertise in US society and is characterized by similar aims, practices, values and genres. A topography of these genres is offered to cast light on the milieu’s discursive strategy. Part 3 explores the discursive manifestations of this strategy and concentrates on two genres, blog posts and policy briefs, which are studied first individually and then jointly. The analysis of peritextual, structural and interpersonal modules reveals the argumentative choices experts make to remain credible and attractive in the marketplace of ideas.

In educational research to date, many studies have tried to explain how to reduce the gap between theory and practice in science education. Parts of this research have been conducted through the medium of didactic models. Didactic models are frameworks which can help teachers make their didactic choices explicit for themselves as well as in communication with colleagues. Organizing purposes is one of these didactic models, a model which focuses on educational learning progression. In action research methodology we set out to find how a teacher’s learning progression practice could be affected by an implementation of organizing purposes. We used observations and interviews during a pilot study and three design cycles to collect out data. During our study we got to see how the didactic model organizing purposes could be useful for a teacher by giving structure to their work with learning progression in science education. We also saw what changed in the teacher’s teaching during the implementation of organizing purposes. Lastly, we found what factors the teacher saw as important and necessary for the didactic model to work. These were all linked to collaborative engagement. / I skolans värld har det gjorts flera undersökningar om hur man kan minska på gapet mellan teori och praktik i NO-undervisningen. Några av dessa undersökningar har gjorts med fokus på didaktiska modeller. Didaktiska modeller ger lärare en begreppsram som hen kan använda både när läraren strukturerar sin undervisning och när hen ska kommunicera sina didaktiska val i diskussion med kollegor. Organiserande syften är en didaktisk modell som är skapad så att läraren kan spetsa till sitt arbete med lärandeprogression. I denna undersökning användes aktionsforskning för att ta reda på hur en lärare kan använda sig av organiserande syften för att arbeta med lärandeprogression. Vi använder oss av observation och intervju för att under en pilotstudie samt tre designcykler samla data om hur läraren införlivar organiserande syften i sin undervisning. I resultat ser vi hur den didaktiska modellen organiserande syften hjälper läraren att få ett mer strukturerat arbetssätt för att uppnå lärandeprogression i NO-undervisningen. Vi har också sett vilka förändringar införlivningen av den didaktiska modellen i praktiken fått för lärarens undervisning. Slutligen har vi kunnat konstatera vilka faktorer läraren ser som viktiga för att den didaktiska modellen ska kunna fungera i praktiken.

The dissertation surveys the use of expressions of futurality in professional economic texts (the linguistic part). In addition, it investigates didactic aspects of futurality in the process of English as a second language acquisition, focusing on undergraduates in the study programme B 6208 - Economy and Management (the didactic part). The topic was chosen on the basis of the author's empirical experience and the results of pre-tests in the target group. The research is based on a corpus-based linguistic study. Seven representative monographs written by native speakers were selected as a source of relevant information about the use of futural constructions in a written economic text. All the sources were explored by means of corpus query software and instances of selected futural constructions (will, shall, be going to, be about to, be on the point of, be (due) to and the present tense) were excerpted. Functions of the futural constructions were elaborted on the basis of the numerous excerpts and confronted with English for specific (economic) purpose textbooks that are used widely at Czech economic universities. To prove or disaprove their mutual interdependence, the correlation of general language and specific language proficiencies of undergraduates from two universities was measured....