Submitted by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2018-09-17T12:31:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MarcoAntoniodaLuzNerisTese2018.pdf: 2960833 bytes, checksum: 9b32d666c921259a540c4f219d9f6649 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2018-09-17T12:32:04Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MarcoAntoniodaLuzNerisTese2018.pdf: 2960833 bytes, checksum: 9b32d666c921259a540c4f219d9f6649 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-17T12:32:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MarcoAntoniodaLuzNerisTese2018.pdf: 2960833 bytes, checksum: 9b32d666c921259a540c4f219d9f6649 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-07-06 / Introduction. The justification for this study is due to the significant increase of chronic illness of teachers in conducting class and associated with this, the numerical growth of teachers readjusted in the school context. Goals. To investigate social representations in interaction with social identity of teachers readjusted by teacher’s regents, managers and teachers refitted in the school context of the secretariat of State of Education of the Federal District – SEDF. Method. A research of qualiquantitativa character was carried out, with the purpose of examining the social representations of faculty readjusted by the teachers Regents, school managers and teachers readjusted in the school context and to verify the changes in Professional identity of readjusted faculty. The number of participants in the survey corresponded to (n = 400) sampled subjects of convenience, subdivided into 03 (three) groups, i.e. (n = 240) Faculty Regents of Children's school, fundamental, medium and technical, (n = 80) School Managers of Schools of education, elementary, medium and technical and (n = 80) Teachers readapted in acting in the schools of elementary, elementary, middle and technical education of all regional teaching of the Secretariat of State of Education of the Federal district. The technique of the free evocations of the Central core theory of Fabric (1994), was chosen as an instrument for obtaining the content and access to the internal structure of the social representations of the teachers Regents, school managers and teachers refitted in Relation to the social representations of faculty refitted in the school context. The materials that were used for the construction of the research data are: consent term free and clarified-fics; Printed form, structured, with identification of the participants of the survey, containing the spaces for the words or expressions for the numbering corresponding to the order of the Evocations performed. Analysis of the data. For the analysis and interpretations of the information data of the evocations obtained, as well as, to enable the process of production of knowledge, was used in this research the software EVOC-Ensemble of programmes permettant l Analisyse des evocations. Final considerations. the results demonstrate and confirm the hypothesis that the "professional identity of readjusted faculty" is situated in the "identity of the situation", portrayed by Dubar (2006), as being a form of professional identity shared By a group in need of "collective memory" and stigmatized by the sharing of a devalued condition, that is, it arises from the rupture of professional identity of teacher in conducting class, coming from the set of malaises, the process of Precarious of the teaching work and the teaching illness, culminating with the functional readjustment and the change of place of performance in the school context. / Introdução. A justificativa desse estudo se dá em função do aumento significativo de adoecimento crônico de docentes em regência de classe e associado a isso, o crescimento numérico de docentes readaptados no contexto escolar. Objetivos. Investigar as representações sociais em interação com identidade social de docentes readaptados por parte de docentes regentes, gestores e docentes readaptados no contexto escolar da Secretaria de Estado de Educação do Distrito Federal – SEDF. Método. Foi realizada uma pesquisa de caráter qualiquantitativa, com o propósito de se examinar as representações sociais de docente readaptado por parte de docentes regentes, gestores escolares e docentes readaptados no contexto escolar e verificar as alterações na identidade profissional dos docentes readaptados. O número de participantes da pesquisa correspondeu a (n=400) sujeitos amostrais de conveniência, subdivididos em 03 (três) grupos, isto é, (n=240) docentes regentes de escolas do ensino infantil, fundamental, médio e técnico, (n=80) gestores escolares de escolas do ensino infantil, fundamental, médio e técnico e (n=80) docentes readaptados em atuação nas escolas do ensino infantil, fundamental, médio e técnico de todas as regionais de ensino da Secretaria de Estado de Educação do Distrito Federal. A Técnica das Evocações Livres da Teoria do Núcleo Central de Abric (1994), foi escolhida como instrumento para a obtenção do conteúdo e o acesso à estrutura interna das representações sociais dos docentes regentes, gestores escolar e docentes readaptados em relação as representações sociais de docente readaptado no contexto escolar. Os materiais que foram utilizados para a construção dos dados da pesquisa são: Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido - TCLE; Formulário impresso, estruturado, com identificação dos participantes da pesquisa, contendo os espaços para as palavras ou expressões para a numeração correspondente à ordem das evocações realizadas. Análises dos Dados. Para a análise e interpretações dos dados das informações das evocações obtidas, bem como, viabilizar o processo de produção do conhecimento, foi utilizado nessa pesquisa o software EVOC – Ensemble de programmes permettant l analisyse des evocations. Considerações Finais. Os resultados demonstram e confirmam a hipótese de que a “identidade profissional de docente readaptado” está situada na “identidade de situação”, retratada por Dubar (2006), como sendo uma forma de identidade profissional compartilhada por um grupo necessitado de “memória coletiva” e estigmatizado pela partilha de uma condição desvalorizada, ou seja, ela surge a partir da ruptura da identidade profissional de docente em regência de classe, proveniente do conjunto de mal-estares, do processo de precarização do trabalho docente e do adoecimento docente, culminando com a readaptação funcional e a mudança de lugar de atuação no contexto escolar.

abstract: As many as one-third of OEF/OIF soldiers and combat veterans may be struggling with less visible psychological injuries. Military/veteran students may face heightened difficulties as they are not only adjusting to civilian life but also transitioning to college life. University administrators and staff have been charged to address their transitional needs and to promote their academic success. Despite significant influx in enrollment with the passing of the Post-9/11 GI Bill, research on OEF/OIF service members and veterans in higher education remains limited. Utilizing self-report measures, the current study examined the psychosocial functioning of 323 military/veteran students enrolled at Arizona State University who served at least one combat deployment as part of OEF/OIF. The study further investigated whether enlisting for educational benefits and utilizing campus programs/services were associated with more positive academic persistence decisions. Participants were also asked to rate ASU's programming for military/veteran students as well as suggest campus programs/services to promote their academic success. More PTSD symptoms, depression, anxiety, and anger/aggression were found to be associated with less cultural congruity and lower perceived social support. Cultural congruity and social support were significant predictors of academic persistence decisions. Participants who reported utilizing more campus programs/services also tended to endorse more positive persistence decisions. No significant differences in persistence decisions were found between participants who enlisted in the military for education benefits and those who enlisted for non-educational reasons. Approximately two-thirds reported utilizing academic advising services and Veteran Benefits and Certifications. Library services, financial aid services, and ASU sporting events were the next most frequently utilized. More than 91% rated ASU's programming satisfactory or better. Over 71% of participants indicated that increasing recognition of their military experience would facilitate their academic success. Nearly 40% recommended a military/veteran student lounge and improvements to VA education benefits counseling. Another 30% recommended that ASU provide professional development for faculty/staff on military/veteran readjustment issues, improve the re-enrollment process following deployment/training, offer a veteran-specific orientation, and establish a department or center for military/veteran programming. Findings are discussed in light of Tinto's interactionist model of college student attrition, and implications for university mental health providers are presented. / Dissertation/Thesis / Ph.D. Counseling Psychology 2012

nÃo hà / Taking as premise the need to make retirement plans structured in Defined Benefit (DB) and Hybrid (combination of a Defined Benefit Plan and Defined Contribution) under Private Pension, more attractive to sponsors and thereby reduce the use of model Defined Contribution (DC) commonly adopted in Brazil, considered by many scholars in the field not interesting to participants of benefit plans due to not effectively meet the purpose of social security, is presented in this study a proposal for readjustment rule of benefits that can be adopted both in DB plans as well as in Hybrid, but that relies on DC plans logic. It is an intermediate readjustment rule between the ones commonly adopted in DB plans and DC plans. Through this new rule, the benefits readjustment will be based on investments cumulative profitability, ranging from 0 to 100% of inflation, with the possibility of recovering inflationary losses in situations which investment performance exceeds the actuarial target. In order to demonstrate the viability of the proposed readjustment rule, results of a simulation study using the Monte Carlo method are presented, comparing benefits readjustment based on inflation rate (100% inflation) and readjustment based on the new rule. Simulation results point to possible lower difference, in 60 years, around 10% of benefit net value calculated on the new rule. Although new ruleâs adoption could result in reduction of the net benefit when compared with inflation-based readjustment rule, it appears more advantageous to the participant when compared with readjustment rule practiced in DC plans because it does not admit application of negative annual readjustment on benefits. The proposed rule establishes a point of convergence for both participants and sponsors interests. The readjustment mechanism here proposed represents an innovation to the Brazilian Private Pension system. / Tomando como premissa a necessidade de tornar os planos de previdÃncia estruturados nas modalidades de BenefÃcios Definidos (BD) e de ContribuiÃÃo VariÃvel (CV) mais atrativos para os patrocinadores, no Ãmbito da PrevidÃncia Complementar, e assim reduzir o uso do modelo de ContribuiÃÃo Definida (CD) adotado no Brasil o qual à considerado por muitos estudiosos da Ãrea desinteressante para participantes de planos de benefÃcios por nÃo atender efetivamente a finalidade previdenciÃria, à apresentada neste estudo uma proposta de regra de reajuste de benefÃcios que pode ser adotada tanto em planos do tipo BD como tambÃm CV, mas que se apÃia na lÃgica prÃpria de planos CD. Trata-se de uma regra de reajuste intermediÃria entre a adotada em planos BD e a adotada em planos CD. Por essa nova regra o reajuste dos benefÃcios serà baseado na rentabilidade acumulada dos investimentos, devendo se situar entre 0 e 100% da inflaÃÃo, com possibilidade de recomposiÃÃo de perdas inflacionÃrias em situaÃÃes em que o desempenho dos investimentos supera a meta de atuarial. Com o objetivo de demonstrar a viabilidade do emprego da regra de reajuste proposta, apresentam-se os resultados de um estudo de simulaÃÃo utilizando o mÃtodo Monte Carlo, atravÃs do qual se faz um comparativo entre o reajuste com base nessa regra e o reajuste de benefÃcios com base em Ãndice de inflaÃÃo (100% da inflaÃÃo). Os resultados obtidos apontam para a possibilidade de ocorrÃncia de diferenÃa a menor, em 60 anos, da ordem de 10% no valor lÃquido do benefÃcio apurado com base na regra proposta. Embora a adoÃÃo da nova regra possa implicar essa reduÃÃo no valor lÃquido do benefÃcio quando comparada com a regra de reajuste com base na inflaÃÃo, no entanto, comparativamente à regra de reajuste praticada nos planos CD, esta apresenta-se mais vantajosa para o participante porque nÃo admite a aplicaÃÃo de reajustes anuais negativos sobre os benefÃcios. A regra proposta possibilita situar em um ponto de convergÃncia de interesses participantes e patrocinadores. Esse mecanismo de reajuste proposto representa uma inovaÃÃo para o sistema de previdÃncia complementar brasileiro.

I spåren av covid-19-pandemin har det på global såväl som lokal nivå debatterats om pandemins konsekvenser och inskränkningar på demokratiska principer. Demokratiska rättigheter för medborgardeltagande som demonstrationer, politiska debatter och att rösta i val har genom pandemin begränsats och genomförs i största möjliga mån på distans genom digital teknik. Även inom samhällsplaneringen är medborgardeltagandet viktigt för den representativa demokratin och har likt andra verksamheter tvingats till omställning för att fungera på distans. Frågan är bara hur den här omställningen ser ut och vad den innebär för medborgardeltagandet inom samhällsplaneringen. I den här studien undersöker vi därför hur omställningen i kristid ser ut på kommunal nivå ur ett styrningsperspektiv. I studien berörs även vilka konsekvenser omställningen resulterat i för medborgardeltagandet. Den tidigare forskning som presenteras berör framförallt digitaliseringens inverkan på medborgardeltagandet och kommer tillsammans med studiens resultat ligga till grund för den kommande analysen. Metoden som använts i studien är av kvalitativ art och i form av intervjuer med kommunala tjänstemän.  Baserat på den tidigare forskningen resulterar vår analys av det empiriska materialet i att det framför allt är i den interaktiva kommunikationen mellan planerare och medborgare som omställningen är som störst. Analysen visar också att omställningen från en fysisk till en digital deltagandeprocess främst handlar om ett byte av kommunikationskanaler snarare än några direkta förändringar i arbetsprocesser. En slutsats av detta är alltså att större strukturomvandlingar krävs för att processerna för medborgardeltagande och graden av medborgarinflytande ska förändras. Baserat på detta kan man även dra slutsatsen att de demokratiska rättigheter som omfattar medborgardeltagande inte har äventyrats som en konsekvens av covid-19-pandemin. / In the wake of covid-19, consequences of the pandemic and restrictions on democratic principles have been debated on a global as well as local level. The democratic rights for public participation such as demonstrations, political debates and voting in elections have been limited by the pandemic and are instead implemented as far as possible through digital technology. Public participation in community planning is an important aspect for representative democracies and like other municipal services it has been forced to change in order to function remotely. The question we raise is what this change looks like and what it means for citizen participation in community planning.In this study, we therefore examine what the transition in times of crisis looks like on a municipal level from a governance perspective. The study also touches on the consequences of the readjustments for citizen participation. The previous research that is presented primarily concerns the impact of digitalisation on citizen participation and will together with the results of the study form the basis for the forthcoming analysis. The method used in the study is of a qualitative nature and in the form of interviews with municipal officials.Based on previous research, our analysis of the empirical material shows that it is primarily in the interactive communication between planners and citizens that the change is greatest. The analysis also shows that the transition from a physical to a digital participation process is primarily about a change of communication channels rather than direct changes in the working process. One conclusion from this is that major structural changes are required for citizen participation and the degree of citizen influence to change. Based on this it can also be concluded that the democratic rights that include public participation have not been jeopardized as a consequence of the covid-19 pandemic.

This thesis deals with the ongoing accounting reforms in public administration. It outlines key changes to accounting and financial reporting from the perspective of local governments. The goal is to evaluate the benefits of reform, and in certain moments to suggest solutions to problems that in terms of explanatory power of the information presented was greater user effect. The practical focus of the thesis is an analysis of budget execution of the municipal district Prague - Nebušice from the perspective of the user, in the context of the financial statements.

Contemporary peacekeeping missions are complex, demanding, and potentially hazardous. There is general agreement that psychological factors are crucial to effective individual and collective performance of the military personnel deployed in support of these missions. This research has examined the human dimensions associated with capability, functioning, and health across the deployment cycle. The aim of this research was to increase understanding of the psychological issues associated with peace support operations at the individual, group, and organisational levels. The study applied precepts of the transactional model of stress (Lazarus & Folkman, 1984) to the context of military deployment on peace support operations. The overarching Human Dimensions of Operations model for this research incorporated stressor, buffer, and outcome components within the multi-level structure of the military organisation and across the stages (pre, peri, post) of deployment. Participants were Canadian and Australian military personnel deployed on Peace Support Operations. The dissertation comprised seven chapters. Chapter One provided an introduction to the psychological challenges posed by peace support operations and the research opportunities these missions afford. The second chapter detailed the methodology and psychometric evaluation of several measurement scales that were developed as part of this research in order to address the unique characteristics of peace support operations. Each of the six scales examined proved to have a meaningful component structure and adequate subscale reliabilities. The third chapter was devoted to an examination of the psychometric properties of a measure of psychological climate factors, the Unit Climate Profile (UCP), which was the cornerstone instrument of this research. The UCP demonstrated a robust, multi-dimensional structure that was conceptually concordant with its theoretical development and design. In addition, the component structure of the UCP changed in meaningful ways according to its level of analysis - individual or group. The next three chapters examined human dimension constructs at different stages of deployment, notably psychological readiness for operations, psychological resilience during deployment, and readjustment following return from deployment. In Chapter Four, the most compelling structural model that examined collective psychological readiness demonstrated that perceptions of readiness at the group level, along with effective senior leadership, could significantly impact morale. The results in Chapter Five revealed that leadership both buffered the immediate impact of stressors, and also fostered meaning and morale, thereby reducing strain. Positive aspects of deployment and the personal meaning assumed to be derived from these experiences were also found to bolster morale significantly during deployment. In Chapter Six, the stressors specific to the postdeployment transition phase, rather than stressors encountered during deployment, had the strongest impact on postdeployment adjustment. Social support and a positive psychological climate in the unit (particularly evidenced by cohesiveness and caring behaviour by proximal leaders) moderated the impact of homecoming stressors. A concluding chapter summarised the dissertation and discussed its practical significance and avenues for the dissemination of its findings. Broadly, the outcomes demonstrated that an understanding of the human factors in military units within the context of the stressors-strain relationship can provide potentially useful information to commanders who want to enhance the well-being, performance, and commitment of Service members deployed on peace support operations. / http://proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/login?url= http://library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=1331630 / Thesis (Ph.D.) -- School of Psychology, 2008

Contemporary peacekeeping missions are complex, demanding, and potentially hazardous. There is general agreement that psychological factors are crucial to effective individual and collective performance of the military personnel deployed in support of these missions. This research has examined the human dimensions associated with capability, functioning, and health across the deployment cycle. The aim of this research was to increase understanding of the psychological issues associated with peace support operations at the individual, group, and organisational levels. The study applied precepts of the transactional model of stress (Lazarus & Folkman, 1984) to the context of military deployment on peace support operations. The overarching Human Dimensions of Operations model for this research incorporated stressor, buffer, and outcome components within the multi-level structure of the military organisation and across the stages (pre, peri, post) of deployment. Participants were Canadian and Australian military personnel deployed on Peace Support Operations. The dissertation comprised seven chapters. Chapter One provided an introduction to the psychological challenges posed by peace support operations and the research opportunities these missions afford. The second chapter detailed the methodology and psychometric evaluation of several measurement scales that were developed as part of this research in order to address the unique characteristics of peace support operations. Each of the six scales examined proved to have a meaningful component structure and adequate subscale reliabilities. The third chapter was devoted to an examination of the psychometric properties of a measure of psychological climate factors, the Unit Climate Profile (UCP), which was the cornerstone instrument of this research. The UCP demonstrated a robust, multi-dimensional structure that was conceptually concordant with its theoretical development and design. In addition, the component structure of the UCP changed in meaningful ways according to its level of analysis - individual or group. The next three chapters examined human dimension constructs at different stages of deployment, notably psychological readiness for operations, psychological resilience during deployment, and readjustment following return from deployment. In Chapter Four, the most compelling structural model that examined collective psychological readiness demonstrated that perceptions of readiness at the group level, along with effective senior leadership, could significantly impact morale. The results in Chapter Five revealed that leadership both buffered the immediate impact of stressors, and also fostered meaning and morale, thereby reducing strain. Positive aspects of deployment and the personal meaning assumed to be derived from these experiences were also found to bolster morale significantly during deployment. In Chapter Six, the stressors specific to the postdeployment transition phase, rather than stressors encountered during deployment, had the strongest impact on postdeployment adjustment. Social support and a positive psychological climate in the unit (particularly evidenced by cohesiveness and caring behaviour by proximal leaders) moderated the impact of homecoming stressors. A concluding chapter summarised the dissertation and discussed its practical significance and avenues for the dissemination of its findings. Broadly, the outcomes demonstrated that an understanding of the human factors in military units within the context of the stressors-strain relationship can provide potentially useful information to commanders who want to enhance the well-being, performance, and commitment of Service members deployed on peace support operations. / http://proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/login?url= http://library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=1331630 / Thesis (Ph.D.) -- School of Psychology, 2008

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T16:34:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Anipg1_66.pdf: 326487 bytes, checksum: aaf7ba4fb3895d3fae3f157046cc209d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-13 / The purpose of the present study was to find out the social-demographic and cultural profile of nursing assistants, to evaluate the level and presence of symptoms of stress, to evaluate and describe the social readjustment and to determine relation among variables related to work and stress. 126 nursing assistants who attended a technical course in nursing participated of this study. Making use of the following instruments: a) the social-demographic and cultural questionnaire; b) Scale of Social Readjustment of Holmes-Rahe and c) Inventory of Lipp Symptoms of Stress. Data were obtained in classrooms of three technical schools of the greater São Paulo and these data were treated statistically by tests X ² and r Person for the relations among variables, with the support of the program SPSS version 17. The results indicated a predominance of a female person, married, with minimum age of 19 years old and maximum of 56 years old and Catholics and Evangelicals religious. Of which (79%) worked in one job only, with a 5-year professional experience and the sector with most professionals was home care . As for the working hours, the majority of the professionals worked in Day-time shift, and studied at night-time schools. As for stress, 57.9% presented a certain level of stress, 41.3% was in the resistance phase and 37.3% indicated stress of psychological nature. As for social readjustment, most of the nursing assistants, which corresponded to 48.4%, was within the average, with reasonable chances of becoming sick, that is, presented regular capacity for adaptation to the new and unknown events that occur during life. The results indicate that the professionals who presented significant level of stress obtained figure higher (average) on the social readjustment scale, compared to the professionals who did no present stress, indicating that these individuals had more probability of being sick or becoming sick. / O presente estudo teve por objetivos, levantar o perfil sócio-demográfico e cultural, de auxiliares de enfermagem, avaliar o grau e presença de sintomas de stress, avaliar e descrever reajustamento social tecendo relação entre variáveis relacionadas ao labor e o stress. Participaram desse estudo 126 auxiliares de enfermagem que cursavam técnico em enfermagem. Utilizou-se os instrumentos: a) questionário Sócio-demográfico e cultural; b) Escala de Reajustamento Social de Holmes-Rahe e c) Inventário de Sintomas de Stress de Lipp (ISSL). Os dados foram coletados em salas de aula, de três escolas técnicas da grande São Paulo e esses dados foram tratados estatisticamente pelos testes X² e r Person para as relações entre variáveis, com auxílio do programa SPSS versão 17. Os resultados indicaram uma predominância de pessoas do gênero feminino, casados, com idade mínima de 19 anos e máxima de 56 anos e com práticas religiosas católicas e evangélicas. Desses profissionais (79%) trabalhavam em um só emprego, com experiência na profissão de cinco anos e o setor com maior quantidade de profissionais foi o home care . A maioria dos profissionais exercia suas atividades no horário matutino, e estudava no horário noturno. O estudo indicou que 57,9% apresentaram grau de stress significativo. Dentro deste grau de stress significativo, 41,3% dos profissionais estavam na fase de resistência e 37,3% dos auxiliares com grau de stress significativo, apresentavam predominância de stress de natureza psicológica. Quanto ao reajustamento social, os auxiliares de enfermagem a maioria, que correspondia a 48,4% estava dentro da média, com chances razoáveis de adoecer, ou seja, apresentavam capacidade regular para adaptação aos eventos novos e desconhecidos que ocorrem durante a vida. Os resultados indicaram que os profissionais que apresentaram stress significativo obtiveram pontuação maior (média) na escala de reajustamento social, em comparação aos profissionais que não apresentaram stress, indicando que esses sujeitos tinham maior probabilidade de estarem adoecidos ou virem a adoecer.

目前台灣地區農村發展之生產與生活面功能係由農地重劃、農村社區土地重劃及農地興建農舍等三個制度執行來達成，其中透過農地重劃達經濟面之生產功能，而藉由農村社區土地重劃與農地興建農舍制度提供生活面之需求。然制度個別執行之結果，不僅導致生產農地之破壞與流失，亦增加農地利用之交易成本。面臨這些問題，生產農地之維護為當務之急。雖然長期以來農地重劃為維護農地生產力之主要制度，但由於農地重劃之發展受到制度變遷路徑相依之影響，不易因應社會變遷而改變其只具單一生產功能之制度內涵，故若要同時達到農村地區之生產與生活功能，或可透過農地重劃之制度調整解決問題並兼顧生產與生活功能之農村發展。 　　因此本研究基於制度變遷之理論基礎，針對台灣地區實施農地重劃之制度變遷進行分析，探討於社經環境變動過程，農地重劃所扮演角色之轉變，以為檢視現行農地重劃制度問題之基礎。並透過政府嘗試結合辦理農地重劃與農村社區土地重劃進行個案分析，揭示目前農村地區追求生產與生活功能同時兼備之必要性，以及於現行制度環境下，二個制度進行結合辦理之制度調整方向，產生了執行時程、重劃負擔及土地分配等問題與困難。故本研究進一步提出三個制度調整方案，利用ANP之多準則決策分析方法，評選出於多功能農地重劃之制度調整發展方向，為兼顧生產與生活等多功能目標之最佳制度調整方案。此外，針對多功能農地重劃制度之調整提出制度環境面與執行機制面之政策性建議，期望能對正在研擬與即將立法之農村再生條例草案中，整合型農地重劃之研擬與方向，提供於制度結合或制度創新上有所助益。 / Farmland consolidation institution in Taiwan has only been applied to improve the production environment during the past 50 years. Nowadays, due to the dramatic change of social and economic environment in Taiwan as well as the tendency of multifunctional rural community and agricultural development, the institution is due to proper consideration to be altered. In addition, the separately enforcement of three institutions i.e. farmland consolidation, building of farmhouse and rural community consolidation, results in the serious pollution of agricultural environment and the loss of high- quality farmland. How to adjust the current institution of farmland consolidation so as to reach the objectives of both better production and living environment in rural areas is an important issue. This study, based on the institutional change theory, investigates the changing role of farmland consolidation in Taiwan. Moreover, examines the problems of integrating farmland consolidation and rural community land readjustment at Shihfen area located in Tainan County Cigou Towship is examined. After literatures review and the investigation of farmhouse as well as farmland use problems, proposes three alternative institutions of farmland consolidation. Analytical Network Process (ANP) Approach is employed to evaluate. Furthermore, the criteria and implication of the choosing institution are discussed so as to benefit the framework of integrated farmland consolidation in the Bill of the Revival of Rural Community.

A partir de revisão do histórico da regulação do segmento de distribuição de energia elétrica no Brasil, da revisão de conceitos de Teoria da Regulação, Distribuição de Energia Elétrica, Estrutura Tarifária, Regulação de Monopólios Naturais, Qualidade do Serviço Prestado, e Sustentabilidade Econômico-Financeira, assim como definições de Direito Administrativo, Teoria Geral de Concessões de Serviços Públicos e política de preço aplicada a monopólios naturais, aprende-se que o regime tarifário chamado de serviço pelo preço (price cap) foi adotado a partir da edição da Lei de Concessões, sendo abandonado o regime do custo do serviço (rate of return), praticado desde a década de 1950. Contudo, a distinção entre os dois regimes de regulação tarifária fica prejudicada devido às práticas do regulador, fato que ocorre não apenas no Brasil. Conforme estabelecem os contratos de concessão, as tarifas deveriam ser preservadas pela equação de equilíbrio inicial \'RPI +/- X\', sendo previstas revisões tarifárias periódicas, observadas as alterações na estrutura de custos e de mercado, os níveis de tarifas observados em empresas similares no contexto nacional e internacional, e estímulos ao ganho de eficiência e à modicidade tarifária. Passadas duas décadas da implantação do price cap, observa-se que o regulador incorporou práticas do rate of return, criando instrumentos de reposicionamento das tarifas de acordo com critérios e trajetórias de custos operacionais eficientes e componentes discricionários de cálculo do ganho de produtividade, dotando o processo de reajuste e revisão das tarifas de excessiva complexidade. Assim, buscando-se maior simplicidade e clareza nos processos tarifários, de modo a incentivar de forma mais adequada o investimento na melhoria da qualidade do serviço e na sustentabilidade da concessão, o presente trabalho propõe aperfeiçoamentos na metodologia tarifária com base em parâmetros de eficiência em relação à qualidade do serviço prestado, discutido no âmbito do Mecanismo de Incentivo à Melhoria da Qualidade (MIQ) por meio do componente \'Q\' do Fator X, e de eficiência em relação à gestão econômico-financeira (sustentabilidade), aferida por parâmetros utilizados amplamente no setor financeiro, tratados como elementos de uma política de incentivos para assegurar a trajetória de sustentabilidade da concessão. A partir do princípio contratual de que os processos tarifários consideram como receita da distribuidora a soma de uma parcela não gerenciável (VPA) e de parcela gerenciável (VPB), a busca por maior simplicidade e clareza diz respeito ao estrito cumprimento dos critérios contratuais, com retorno à prática da regulação de serviço pelo preço, como estabelecido pela Lei de Concessões. A aplicação dos aperfeiçoamentos propostos é realizada mediante estudos de caso de duas distribuidoras de energia elétrica em situações de qualidade e sustentabilidade distintas. O resultado ilustra que a qualidade e sustentabilidade do serviço podem ser parâmetros importantes para introdução de uma metodologia menos complexa e mais objetiva para reajuste e revisão das tarifas de fornecimento no Brasil. / The Tariff Regulation for public service distribution of electrical energy, called \"price cap\" was adopted in Brazil from the publication of Law 8.095/1995 (the Law of Concessions), therefore abandoning the \"return rate\" remuneration system practiced since the late 1950s. However, the distinction between price cap and return rate regulation was negatively affected due to practices of the regulatory agency (National Electric Energy Agency - ANEEL), which occurs not only in Brazil. As established in concession contracts, the tariffs should be preserved by the equation of initial balance \'RPI +/- X\', forecasting tariff reviews periodically by observing changes in the structure of the licensee\'s costs and market share, the levels of rates observed in similar businesses in the national and international context, as well as stimulating efficiency gains and controlling tariffs. After two decades of implementation of the system of price cap in Brazil, and after four cycles of periodic review of tariffs, it is observed that the regulator has incorporated practices of rate of return throughout the process, creating instruments of repositioning of tariffs in accordance with criteria of operational costs considered efficient and discretionary components of calculating the productivity gains (X Factor), giving the process of readjustment and revision of rates of excessive complexity. In search of greater simplicity and clarity in the tariff process in order to encourage more adequately the investment in improving the quality of service and sustainability, this Thesis presents proposals for the improvement of tariff methodology based on parameters efficiency in terms of quality of service, objectively measured by global indicators of continuity and efficiency in relation to the economic and financial management (sustainability), measured by parameters used widely in the financial sector. The improvement of the efficiency of quality is discussed under the Incentive to Quality Improvement Mechanism (MIQ) of the Brazilian tariff regulation through the \'Q\' component of Factor X. The improvements on the extent of economic and financial sustainability are treated as elements of an incentive policy to ensure a path of sustainability of the concession, given that the Brazilian regulator has not adopted explicit mechanisms of sustainability, except those specifically defined in the process of renewal of distribution concessions, pursuant to Presidential Decree n. 8.461/2015. From the contractual principle that tariff processes consider the distribution company Requested Revenue as the sum of an unmanageable portion (VPA) and manageable portion (VPB), the search for greater simplicity and clarity with respect the strict compliance with the contract criteria, returning to the practice of price cap regulation, as established by the Concessions Law. The implementation of improvements for the proposed tariff mechanisms is carried out through case studies relating to two electricity distribution companies in different quality and sustainability situations. The result of the study shows that the quality and sustainability of the service in the electricity distribution segment can be important parameters for introducing a less complex and more objective methodology for adjustment and review of electricity tariffs in Brazil.