This paper concerns in which ways people from local communities’ value cultural heritage sites in their region and how they perceive their possibility to be an active part in its management. There have over the last decade been a number of performed studies showing that civic participation in the governing of heritage sites is to be sought for, simultaneously being essential when it comes to the benefits that may be achieved. There is, however, a criticism towards the managers of these cultural heritage sites that they fail to consider the local community, and consequently losing  peoples trust.  Identifying that field as an area that requires further studies, this case study aim to examine how people from the local community values the cultural heritage site Äskhults by and in which manner they feel able to participate in its management. Interviews is the method this study is based upon, where i have conducted eight separate interviews which has been structured around predetermined questions.   In this particular study the results show that a historical value is frequently referred to by the locals, and is what most of them treasured about the heritage site. It also became clear that the respondents highly valued their communication with the operators involved, however, the respondents impression on whether they actually could influence the decisions and governing of the cultural heritage site was less distinct and left some to be desired.

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Byggemenskaper är en sammanslutning bestående av individer som vill agera som sin egen byggherre och sköta byggprocessen, från idé till inflyttning, själva. Det är en populär boendeform i flera tyska städer, framförallt Tübingen och Freiburg, som på senare tid uppmärksammats i en svensk kontext. Denna uppsats försöker bidra till en fördjupad förståelse för hur byggemenskaper, uttryckt som ett stadsbyggnadsinstrument, påverkar medborgardeltagandet i stadsbyggnadsprocessen. Detta görs från ett tjänstemannaperspektiv och genom intervjuer med tjänstemän från fyra olika kommuner: Uppsala kommun, Knivsta kommun, Järfälla kommun och Linköping kommun. Med hjälp av Arnsteins (1969) deltagandestege visar resultatet av undersökningen att medborgardeltagandet genom byggemenskaper i stadsbyggnadsprocessen kan öka, även om finns tendenser till att det ökar olika mycket för olika grupper av medborgare i samhället.

Vi lever i en tid där städer växer och utvecklas. Mycket byggs och stadsplaneringen blir allt viktigare. Den bebyggda miljön utgör en stor del av städernas innehåll. Trots det föreligger ingen ständig öppen debatt med omfattande deltagande och där alla röster hörs. Syftet med den här uppsatsen är att analysera kring varför arkitekturen ser ut som den gör och om det har någon koppling till historien. Intentionen är också att ta reda på vilken roll medborgaren har i arkitekturplanering och vad som görs för att skapa goda medborgardialoger. Studien genomfördes med en kvalitativ metod där resultatet består av semi-strukturerade intervjuer samt en genomgång av relevant litteratur. Resultatet visar att funktionalismens ideal har etsats sig fast inom arkitektyrket och att det verkar svårt att bryta sig loss. Det innefattar även synen på historiserande arkitektur som ofta förkastas. Byggregler och ekonomi spelar också roll. När det gäller medborgardialoger så är vissa av respondenterna av den uppfattningen att man inte bör lyssna särskilt mycket på medborgarna och att det räcker med de samråd som sker enligt lag, medan andra gärna skulle se en bättre kontakt med allmänheten. Gemensamt verkar de flesta respondenter ha att arkitekturen i Sverige idag är monoton och enkelspårig.

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Community planning is a complex process in which many different interests have to come together. Cities have always been under continuous development, but today there is a pressure from different stakeholders to build and densify the central parts of many cities. Disagreements arise when the opinions of citizens don’t correlate with the public institutions' way of conducting community planning. This study aims to investigate what motivates individuals in the city of Kalmar to engage in community planning processes. The theoretical framework of the study include theories about citizen participation and controversies in planning processes. Data has been generated through interviews and the project in focus was the Linnaeus University’s building of new facilities in Ölandshamnen, a project that has been debated by public insitutions and citizens for several years. Results from the study show that individuals engaged in the planning process for different reasons, whereof two main reasons where experiences of a non-functioning democracy, and experiences of dominant public support for other proposed locations. The study concludes that there is a big difference between how people perceive their involvement and how it is treated by other stakeholders.

During recent years there has been an increased demand for public deliberation in planning processes in Sweden. This is due to ideals of communicative planning. In reality the citizen participation is low and new methods for dialogue are requested. The aim of this study is to examine possibilities and challenges with digital public deliberations, from a democratic point of view. More specifically this meant defining the work with civil dialogue today, conditions for digital dialogue and requirements for a tool for digital dialogue. In addition possible effects on the democratic aspects of civil dialogue were identified. This was done by a literature study in combination with six interviews with persons working with civil dialogue. The empirical data were compiled through a thematic analysis. Possibilities and challenges with digital civil dialogue were found in general tendencies in the society as well as in details with the work today. Overall the conclusion is that there are favorable circumstances for digital dialogues as a complement to the traditional methods. It may lead to more democratic dialogues through increased accessibility and accordingly representativeness. On the other hand it may hold a risk for digital exclusion and there are qualities with face-to-face meetings that are considered difficult to replace with digital methods. However these challenges could diminish in the years to come, in step with the digitalization of the society.

The knowledge that citizens have of their own municipality is very useful for the local politicians and planners in the event of such a major reconstruction in the neighborhood. It is the residents in the area that are most affected, and their view on the reconstruction is valuable if the end result will be as good as possible. Since the municipality builds for the citizens, and wants them to enjoy the outcome of the reconstruction as much as possible, it is essential that the municipality get a chance to inspect the citizen’s views and experiences about it in an early stage. If the citizens don’t want to get involved, or if only a few people involve themselves, it will be difficult for the municipality to find a solution satisfactory to all. That all citizens should be happy with the outcome is of course very difficult, but the more people that are involved, the greater are the opportunities that as many as possible gets pleased. The purpose of this thesis is to first highlight the problems and experiences in the area of citizen involvement in urban issues. This, together with the results of two surveys and a report on how other municipalities are working with the issue, will help the municipality of Eskilstuna to find ways that makes even those who normally don’t commit themselves to engage in these types of questions. In this thesis, these people are referred to as the "quiet" citizens.

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