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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
231

Sobre sistemas de equações do tipo Schrödinger-Poisson. / About systems of equations of the Schrödinger-Poisson type.

LIMA, Romildo Nascimento de. 06 August 2018 (has links)
Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-08-06T15:14:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ROMILDO NASCIMENTO DE LIMA - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGMAT 2013..pdf: 632336 bytes, checksum: 5661cad2fea6b9bb474c05bca0983c4b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T15:14:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ROMILDO NASCIMENTO DE LIMA - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGMAT 2013..pdf: 632336 bytes, checksum: 5661cad2fea6b9bb474c05bca0983c4b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02 / Capes / Neste trabalho estaremos interessados em estudar resultados de existência e não existência de solução, comportamento do funcional energia e condição de Palais-Smale para sistemas de equações do tipo Schrödinger-Poisson; usaremos o método variacional. E, as soluções são pontos críticos do funcional energia associado ao problema. Para alcançar nossos objetivos, será fundamental o estudo das variedades de Ruiz e de Nehari, o Princípio Variacional de Ekeland, o teorema do Passo da Montanha, e o lema Concentração de Compacidade. / In this work we are interested in studying the results of existence and nonexistence of solution, behavior of the energy functional and Palais-Smale condition for systems of equations of the type Schrödinger-Poisson; by using variational approach. In fact the solutions are critical points of the energy functional associated with the problem. To achieve our goals, it is essential to study the Manifolds of Ruiz and Nehari, the Ekeland Variational Principle, the Mountain Pass theorem, and the Concentration-Compactness argument.
232

Existence and orbital stability of normalized solutions for nonlinear Schrödinger equations / Solutions normalisées pour équations de Schrödinger

Gou, Tianxiang 29 September 2017 (has links)
Dans cette thèse nous étudions l’existence et la stabilité orbitale de solutions ayant une norme prescrite pour deux types d’équations Schrödinger non linéaires dans , à savoir, une classe de systèmes non linéaires couplés de Schrödinger dans et une classe d’équations non linéaires de Schrödinger du quatrième ordre dans . Ces deux types d’équations non linéaires de Schrödinger surviennent dans de nombreuses applications en mathématiques et physique, et sont devenus une grande attention dans les années récentes. D’un point de vue physique, de telles solutions sont souvent référées comme des solutions normalisées, qui sont obtenues comme points critiques d’énergie fonctionnelle associée sous contrainte avec une norme. Les éléments clés de nos preuves sont les méthodes variationnelles. / In this thesis, we are concerned with the existence and orbital stability of solutions having prescribed -norm for two types of nonlinear Schrödinger equations in , namely a class of coupled nonlinear Schrödinger systems in and a class of fourth-order nonlinear Schrödinger equations in . These two types of nonlinear Schrödinger equations arise in a variety of mathematical and physical models, and have drawn wide attention to research in recent years. From a physical point of view, such solutions are often referred as normalized solutions, which correspond to critical points of the underlying energy functional restricted to -norm constraint. The main ingredients of our proofs are variational methods.
233

Um estudo sobre a boa colocação local da equação não linear de Schrödinger cúbica unidimensional em espaços de Sobolev periódicos / A study about the locally well posed of cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation in periodic Sobolev spaces

Romão, Darliton Cezario 25 March 2009 (has links)
In this work we study, in details, the Cauchy problem of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation, with initial datas in periodic Sobolev spaces. Specifically, we prove that this problem is locally well posed for datas in Hsper, with s ≥ 0. Particularly, for initial datas in L2 the problem is globally well posed, due to the conservation law of the equation in this space. Moreover, we prove the this result is the best one, seeing we expose examples that show that the equation flow is not locally uniformly continuous for initial datas with regularity less than L2. / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Neste trabalho, fazemos um estudo detalhado do problema de Cauchy para a equação não-linear cúbica de Schrödinger, com dados iniciais em espaços de Sobolev no toro. Especificamente, provaremos que este modelo é localmente bem posto para dados em Hsper, com s ≥ 0. Em particular, para dados iniciais em L2 o modelo é globalmente bem posto, devido à lei de conservação da equação neste espaço. Além disso, provaremos que os resultados obtidos são os melhores possíveis, visto que exibiremos exemplos que mostram que o fluxo da equação não é localmente uniformemente contínuo para dados iniciais com regularidade menor que L2.
234

Etude mathématique des propriétés de transport des opérateurs de Schrödigner aléatoires avec structure quasi-cristalline / A mathematical study of transport properties of Schrödinger operators with a quasicrystalline structure.

Rojas Molina, Constanza 25 June 2012 (has links)
Cette thèse est consacrée à l'étude du transport électronique dans des modèles désordonnés non ergodiques, dans le cadre de la théorie des opérateurs de Schrödinger aléatoires.Pour commencer, nous reformulons l'outil principal pour notre étude, l'analyse multi-échelles, dans le cadre non ergodique. Nous établissons les conditions d'homogénéité que l'opérateur doit vérifier pour appliquer cette méthode. Ensuite, nous étudions les propriétés spectrales des opérateurs de Delone-Anderson non ergodiques. Ces systèmes modélisent l'énergie d'une particule en interaction avec un milieu dont la structure atomique est quasi-cristalline et la nature des impuretés est désordonnée. Dans le cas où les mesures de probabilité associées au potentiel de simple site sont régulières, en dimension 2 et sous l'effet d'un champ magnétique, nous établissons une transition métal-isolant et l'existence d'une énergie de mobilité qui sépare les régions de localisation et de délocalisation dynamiques. Pour des mesures de simple site régulières et celle de Bernoulli, nous démontrons la localisation dynamique en bas du spectre. De plus, nous obtenons une description quantitative de la région de localisation dynamique en termes de paramètres géométriques de l'ensemble de Delone de base.Nous concluons ce travail avec l'étude de la densité d'états intégrée pour des modèles de Delone-Anderson, en combinaison avec des outils de la théorie des systèmes dynamiques associés aux quasi-cristaux. Sous certaines conditions sur la géométrie de l'ensemble de Delone sous-jacent, nous montrons l'existence de la densité d'états intégrée. De plus, dans le cas d'une perturbation de Delone-Anderson du Laplacien libre, nous démontrons qu'elle a un comportement asymptotique de Lifshitz en bas du spectre. / His thesis is devoted to the study of electronic transport in non ergodic disordered models, in the framework of random Schrödinger operators.We start by reformulating the main tool in our study, the multiscale analysis, in the non ergodic setting. We establish suitable homogeneity conditions on the operator, in order to apply this method.Next, we study the spectral properties of non ergodic Delone-Anderson operators. These models represent a particle interacting with a medium whose atomic structure is quasi-crystalline and the nature of its impurities is disordered. In the case where the probability measures associated to the single-site potential are regular, in dimension 2 and under the effect of a magnetic field, we establish a metal-insulator transition and the existence of a mobility edge that separates the localization and delocalization regions. In arbitrary dimension, for regular and for Bernoulli single-site measures, we show dynamical localization at the bottom of the spectrum. Moreover, we obtain a quantitative lower bound on the size of the localization region in terms of the geometric parameters of the underlying Delone structure.We conclude this essay by studying the integrated density of states for Delone-Anderson models, using tools from the theory of dynamical systems associated to quasicrystals. Under certain conditions on the geometry of the underlying Delone set, we show the existence of the integrated density of states. Furthermore, in the case of a Delone-Anderson perturbation of the free Laplacian, we show it exhibits Lifshitz tails at the bottom of the spectrum.
235

Etude mathématique de modèles quantiques et classiques pour les matériaux aléatoires à l'échelle atomique / Mathematical study of quantum and classical models for random materials in the atomic scale

Lahbabi, Salma 05 July 2013 (has links)
Les contributions de cette thèse portent sur deux sujets.La première partie est dédiée à l'étude de modèles de champ moyen pour la structure électronique de matériaux avec des défauts.Dans le chapitre~ref{chap:ergodic_crystals}, nous introduisons et étudions le modèle de Hartree-Fock réduit (rHF) pour des cristaux désordonnés. Nous prouvons l'existence d'un état fondamental et établissons, pour les interactions de Yukawa (à courte portée), certaines propriétés de cet état. Dans le chapitre~ref{chap:défauts_étendus}, nous considérons des matériaux avec des défauts étendus. Dans le cas des interactions de Yukawa, nous prouvons l'existence d'un état fondamental, solution de l'équation auto-cohérente. Nous étudions également le cas de cristaux avec une faible concentration de défauts aléatoires. Dans le chapitre~ref{chap:numerical_simuation}, nous présentons des résultats de simulations numériques de systèmes aléatoires en dimension un.Dans la deuxième partie, nous étudions des modèles Monte-Carlo cinétique multi-échelles en temps. Nous prouvons, pour les trois modèles présentés au chapitre~ref{chap:kMC}, que les variables lentes convergent, dans la limite de la grande séparation des échelles de temps, vers une dynamique effective. Nos résultats sont illustrés par des simulations numériques. / The contributions of this thesis concern two topics.The first part is dedicated to the study of mean-field models for the electronic structure of materials with defects. In Chapter~ref{chap:ergodic_crystals}, we introduce and study the reduced Hartree-Fock (rHF) model for disordered crystals. We prove the existence of a ground state and establish, for (short-range)Yukawa interactions, some properties of this ground state. In Chapter~ref{chap:défauts_étendus}, we consider crystals with extended defects. Assuming Yukawa interactions, we prove the existence of an electronic ground state, solution of the self-consistent field equation. We also investigate the case of crystals with low concentration of random defects. In Chapter~ref{chap:numerical_simuation}, we present some numerical results obtained from the simulation of one-dimensional random systems.In the second part, we consider multiscale-in-time kinetic Monte Carlo models. We prove, for the three models presented in Chapter~ref{chap:kMC}, that in the limit of large time-scale separation, the slow variables converge to an effective dynamics. Our results are illustrated by numerical simulations.
236

Effets non-locaux pour des systèmes elliptiques critiques. / Nonlocal effects for critical elliptic systems.

Thizy, Pierre-Damien 05 December 2016 (has links)
Les travaux de cette thèse sont regroupés en trois grandes parties traitant respectivement-des ondes stationnaires des systèmes de Schr"odinger-Maxwell-Proca et de Klein-Gordon-Maxwell-Proca sur une variété riemannienne fermée (compacte sans bord dans toute la thèse),-de systèmes elliptiques de Kirchhoff sur une variété riemannienne fermée,-de phénomènes d'explosion propres aux petites dimensions. / This thesis, divided into three main parts, deals with-standing waves for Schrödinger-Maxwell-Proca and Klein-Gordon-Maxwell-Proca systems on a closed Riemannian manifold (compact without boundary during all the thesis),-elliptic Kirchhoff systems on a closed manifold,-low-dimensional blow-up phenomena.
237

Equações de Schrödinger quaselineares com potenciais singulares ou se anulando no infinito

Carvalho, Gilson Mamede de 19 July 2016 (has links)
Submitted by ANA KARLA PEREIRA RODRIGUES (anakarla_@hotmail.com) on 2017-08-15T11:35:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1290749 bytes, checksum: 9377b99ec1efcaa5be2f62cc2aae83ac (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-15T11:35:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1290749 bytes, checksum: 9377b99ec1efcaa5be2f62cc2aae83ac (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-19 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / In this work, we study existence of standing wave solution for a class of quasilinear Schrödinger equations involving potentials that may be singular at the origin or vanishing at infinity. For dimensions bigger than two, we consider nonlinearities with subcritical growth. In dimension two, we work with nonlinearities having exponential critical growth. To obtain our results, we have used variational techniques, more specifically, a version of the Mountain Pass Theorem, a regularity result of Brézis-Kato type, arguments of symmetrical criticality principle type, Moser iteration method and a Trudinger-Moser type inequality. / Neste trabalho, estudamos existência de solução do tipo onda estacionária para uma classe de equações de Schrödinger quaselineares, envolvendo pontencias que podem ser singular na origem ou que podem se anular no infinito. Para dimensões maiores que dois, consideramos não-linearidades com crescimento subcrítico. Em dimensão dois, trabalhamos com não linearidades possuindo crescimente crítico exponencial. Para a obtenção de nossos resultados, usamos técnicas variacionais, mais especificamente, uma versão do Teorema do Passo da Montanha, um resultado de regularidade do tipo Brézis- Kato, argumentos do tipo princípio da criticalidade simétrica, método de iteração de Moser e uma desigualdade do tipo Trudinger-Moser.
238

Sobre operadores integro-diferenciais e aplicações

Duarte, Ronaldo César 28 July 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Leonardo Cavalcante (leo.ocavalcante@gmail.com) on 2018-05-03T15:45:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Arquivototal.pdf: 9156008 bytes, checksum: 3a0383788f4458b1f695b8a3838f47bf (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-03T15:45:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Arquivototal.pdf: 9156008 bytes, checksum: 3a0383788f4458b1f695b8a3838f47bf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-28 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Abstract indisponível neste campo - O PDF foi entregue protegido para cópia / Resumo indisponível neste campo - O PDF foi entregue protegido para cópia
239

Soluções nodais para problemas elípticos semilineares com crescimento crítico exponencial

Pereira, Denilson da Silva 05 December 2014 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-15T11:46:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1236830 bytes, checksum: ba028274cff1ac1fffc16c7d6e148a98 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-12-05 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / In this work, we study existence, non-existence and multiplicity results of nodal solutions for the nonlinear Schrödinger equation (P) -u + V (x)u = f(u) in ; where is a smooth domain in R2 which is not necessarily bounded, f is a continuous function which has exponential critical growth and V is a continuous and nonnegative potential. In the first part, we prove the existence of least energy nodal solution in both cases, bounded and unbounded domain. Moreover, we also prove a nonexistence result of least energy nodal solution for the autonomous case in whole R2. In the second part, we establish multiplicity of multi-bump type nodal solutions. Finally, for V - 0, we prove a result of infinitely many nodal solutions on a ball. The main tools used are Variational methods, Lions's Lemma, Penalization methods and a process of anti-symmetric continuation. / Neste trabalho, estudamos resultados de existência, não existência e multiplicidade de soluções nodais para a equação de Schrödinger não-linear (P) -u + V (x)u = f(u) em ;onde é um domínio suave em R2 não necessariamente limitado, f é uma função que possui crescimento crítico exponencial e V é um potencial contínuo e não-negativo. Na primeira parte, mostramos a existência de soluções nodais de energia mínima em ambos os casos, domínio limitado e ilimitado. Mostramos ainda um resultado de não existência de solução nodal de energia mínima para o caso autônomo em todo o R2. Na segunda parte, estabelecemos a multiplicidade de soluções do tipo multi-bump nodal. Finalmente, para V - 0, mostramos um resultado de existência de infinitas soluções nodais em uma bola. As principais ferramentas utilizadas são Métodos Variacionais, Lema de Deformação, Lema de Lions, Método de penalização e um processo de continuação anti-simétrica.
240

Método compacto de diferenças finitas para resolver equações de Schrödinger não lineares com dispersão de quarta ordem / Compact finite Diference method to solve nonlinear Schrödinger equations with fourth order dispersion

Jesus, Hugo Naves 16 September 2016 (has links)
Submitted by JÚLIO HEBER SILVA (julioheber@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-11-10T11:15:34Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Hugo Naves de Jesus - 2016.pdf: 1851851 bytes, checksum: 71cb8f26f4f38eb5f89d99aafc926b66 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Jaqueline Silva (jtas29@gmail.com) on 2016-11-10T17:47:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Hugo Naves de Jesus - 2016.pdf: 1851851 bytes, checksum: 71cb8f26f4f38eb5f89d99aafc926b66 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-10T17:47:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Hugo Naves de Jesus - 2016.pdf: 1851851 bytes, checksum: 71cb8f26f4f38eb5f89d99aafc926b66 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-16 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / Finite difference schemes belong to a class of numerical methods used to approximate derivatives. They are widely used to find approximations to differential equations. There are a lot of numerical methods, whose deductions are made through expansions in Taylor Series. Depending on the manner in which expansion is made, it can be combined with other expansions to obtain derivatives with better numerical approximations. Usually when we get numerical derivative with better approaches, it is necessary to increase the amount of points used in the grid. An alternative to this problem are compact methods, which achieve better approximations for the same derivative but without increasing the number of mesh points. This work is an attempt to develop the Compact-SSFD method for the Schrödinger Equation Nonlinear Fourth Order. SSFD methods are used to separate the parts of a differential equation so that each part can be solved separately. For example in the case of non-linear differential equations it is often used to separate the linear parts of nonlinear parts. In Compact-SSFD methods nonlinear parts are resolved exactly as the linear are resolved using compact methods. Our work is inspired in the Dehghan and Taleei’s work where was used the Compact-SSFD method for solving numerically the equation Nonlinear Schrödinger. Before we try to develop our method, the results of the authors was correctly reproduced. But when we try to deduce a method analogous to the differential equation we wanted to solve, which also involves derived from fourth order, we realized that a Compact type method does not get as trivially as in the case of used to approach second-order derivatives. / Métodos de diferenças finitas pertencem a uma classe de métodos numéricos usados para se aproximar derivadas. Eles são amplamente usados para encontrar-se soluções numéricas para equações diferenciais. Há uma grande quantidade de métodos numéricos, cuja as deduções são feitas através de expansões em séries de Taylor. Dependendo da forma em que uma expansão é feita, ela pode ser combinada com outras expansões para obter-se derivadas numéricas com melhores aproximações. Geralmente quando obtemos derivadas numéricas com aproximações melhores, é necessário aumentar-se a quantidade de pontos usados no domínio discretizado. Uma alternativa a este problema são os chamados métodos compact, que obtêm melhores aproximações para a mesma derivada mas sem precisar aumentar a quantidade de pontos da malha. Este trabalho é uma tentativa de desenvolver-se um método Compact-SSFD para a Equação de Schrödinger Não Linear de Quarta Ordem. Métodos SSFD são usados para separar-se as partes de uma equação diferencial tal que cada parte possa ser resolvida separadamente. Por exemplo no caso de equações diferenciais não lineares ele é bastante usado para separar-se as partes lineares das partes não lineares. Nos métodos Compact-SSFD as partes não lineares são resolvidas exatamente enquanto as lineares são resolvidas usando-se métodos compact. Nos baseamos no trabalho de Dehghan e Taleei onde foi usado o Método Compact-SSFD para resolver-se numericamente a Equação de Schrödinger Não Linear. Antes de tentarmos desenvolver nosso método, reproduzimos corretamente os resultados dos autores. Mas ao tentarmos deduzir um método análogo para a equação diferencial que queríamos resolver, que envolve também derivadas de quarta ordem, percebemos que um método do tipo Compact não se obtêm tão trivialmente como no caso dos usados para aproximar-se derivadas de segunda ordem.

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