This dissertation investigates the workplace experiences of gay and lesbian teachers. In-depth interviews and field observations were conducted with 51 teachers in Texas and in California, two states with different legal approaches to gay rights and worker rights. This comparative study highlights the importance of social, political, and cultural context in individual decision-making about sexual disclosure and performance, explores the consequences of "normalization" of LGBT experiences in the classroom, and addresses the role of identity politics in social change. By taking an intersectional approach to gay/lesbian identity construction, this dissertation considers how race, class, gender, and sexuality inequalities are expressed and reinforced in the experiences of gay and lesbian teachers. / text

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-08-02Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:17:08Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 pinafi_t_me_assis.pdf: 909320 bytes, checksum: 3298f1bb4c9a082f7300cafb1b046e5a (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar as influências de uma série de preconceitos sexuais e de gênero, presentes em nosso entorno social, sobre os modos de subjetivação dos militantes gays e lésbicas do Movimento LGBT brasileiro. Neste estudo, foram analisadas as relações sociais de sexo inter e intra gêneros na (con)vivência política de gays e lésbicas, as particularidades do contexto sócio-histórico e político nos processos de subjetivação e a homofobia. Para o desenvolvimento deste estudo foram realizadas entrevistas em profundidade com quatro militantes, dois gays e duas lésbicas, que possuem certa experiência junto à militância política LGBT em âmbito nacional. O método cartográfico e a perspectiva genealógica de Michel Foucault constituíram, respectivamente, o procedimento metodológico e o referencial teórico deste estudo; o que em última instância poderia nos levar a dizer que trabalhamos com “cartografias de base genealógica”. A análise das cartografias mostrou que no interior da militância LGBT se gestam certas práticas de normalização das identidades sexuais e de gênero, as quais aprisionam os corpos em redes de poder assimétricas no seio da coletividade do Movimento LGBT. Também pudemos perceber que a grade de inteligibilidade cultural do sistema andro-heterocentrado e homofóbico, instituída para apreender as relações socias de sexo, sempre que evocada, reinstitui o pensamento da diferença para pensar as identidades, contribui para perpetuar a existência do modelo binário de sexo, de gênero e de sexualidade, eclipsa a heterogeneidade presente no grupo dos homens e das mulheres, enfim, constrange a emergência do pensamento da diversidade para apreender a nós mesmos e ao mundo. / The objective of this study is to evaluate the influence of a series of sexual and gender biases present in our social environment, specifically in the subjectification mode of gays and lesbians activists of the Brazilian LGBT Movement. This study analyzed the socio - sexual relations within and between genders in the political interactions of gays and lesbians, the particularities of the socio-historical-political processes of subjectification and homophobia. To develop this study, in-depth interviews with four activists were conducted, two gays and two lesbians who have some experience with the LGBT political activism nationwide. The mapping method and genealogical perspective of Michel Foucault were, respectively, the theoretical and methodological approach of this study, which ultimately could lead us to state that we work with “basic genealogical cartography”. The analysis showed that in the mappings within the LGBT activism there are certain practices of normalization of sexual and gender identities which enclosure the bodies in asymmetric networks of power within the LGBT community of the Movement. We could also notice that the grid of cultural intelligibility of the andro – heterocentricism and homophobic system which was established to capture socio - sexual relationships, when invoked, brings up the idea of difference to think about identities, it helps to perpetuate the existence of the binary model of sex , gender and sexuality, eclipses the heterogeneity present in the group of men and women and, finally, constrains the emergence of thought diversity to comprehend ourselves and the world.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-12-17Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:37:56Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 nascimento_man_me_assis.pdf: 1430932 bytes, checksum: d90deaa4b2e4448846cae01e6a163759 (MD5) / Este trabalho problematiza a questão dos modos de subjetivação e as relações hierárquicas e de exercício de poder que gravitam em torno das homossexualidades masculinas, freqüentadores de dispositivos (lugares) de socialização de sexualidades GLBTTT. Descrições históricas indicam que desde a Grécia Antiga, sanções às práticas homoeróticas são recorrentes, porém, é com o surgimento do personagem homossexual no século XIX que as injúrias e perseguições se direcionaram para o sujeito homossexual. Ainda que, ambientes freqüentados para encontros homoeróticos sempre existiram, é apontado pela história que, a partir do século XIV, idéias eugenistas, higienistas e heteronormativas enfocaram na segregação de lugares e programas familiares em contraposição a lugares onde se aglutinavam as escórias da sociedade, os quais deveriam ser tratados com diferenciação e violência. Partindo do exposto, surgem os dispositivos de socialização freqüentados também por homossexuais, os chamados popularmente, por esses freqüentadores, guetos gays. No entanto, é fato que a violência sofrida pelos homossexuais, sugere um novo caráter expressivo e crescente – a relação de poder e hierarquização entre os próprios homossexuais. O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever as relações estabelecidas entre os homossexuais que freqüentam estes dispositivos e o sentido que estes lugares tiveram e vêm adquirindo ao longo de suas existências, partindo dos pressupostos teóricos dos estudos culturais e de gênero de autores pós-estruturalistas. Para tal pesquisa, realizaram-se observações etnográficas nestes locais em um município do interior paranaense, assim como se realizaram entrevistas prolongadas com freqüentadores selecionados e que ocasionaram em análises das narrativas de histórias de vida... / This study problematizes the ways of subjection and hierarchical relations and also the power actions that surround male homosexulaties, attenders of GLBTTT sexualities socialization spots (places). Historical descriptions show that since Ancient Greece, punishments for homoerotic practices were carried out, nevertheless, it was with the appearance of the homosexual character from the XIX century that those injuries and persecutions headed towards the homosexual character. Even though spots attended by homoerotic meetings have always existed, it is shown through history that, since the XIV century, eugenistic, hygienistic and heteronormative ideas focused on the segregation of places and family programs and also in opposition to places where the society mob gathered, which should be tread with differentiation and violence. Due to the aforementioned, socialization spots also attended by homosexuals are creaated, the popularly so-called, by these attenders, gay ghettos. However, it is a fact that the violence faced by these homosexuals suggests a new expressive and growing character – a power and hierarchy relation among the homosexuals themselves. The objective of this study is to describe the relations established among homosexuals who attend these spots and the meaning that these environments have had and are acquiring through their existence, based on cultural and gender studies from post-structuralist authors. In order to perform such research, ethnographic observations were carried out in those places in an inland town from Parana State, as well as long interviews with selected attenders what resulted in analyses of these characters-participants´ lifetime narratives. The analyses of the ...(Complete abstract, click electronic access below)

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:30:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-02-18Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T21:00:46Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 falchi_ca_me_mar.pdf: 343992 bytes, checksum: a7d2115c4d6cd59f843ce4a0b0d374e9 (MD5) / A partir dos escritos de Foucault problematizamos o Ensino das sexualidades na escola, quando estas adentram ao currículo informal pelos temas transversais a partir dos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais – Orientação Sexual, realizando um contraponto com a Educação a partir da Erótica. Partimos da discussão da formação dos estereótipos social e cientificamente construídos e adentramos um processo de significação do normal/anormal a partir do patológico. Este será o trajeto realizado por Foucault e do qual também nos utilizaremos para visualizar a construção de sujeitos sexuais. Será a partir da discussão de anátomo-política para a biopolítica que engendraremos nosso caminhar, para enfim entrarmos na discussão de um cuidado de si como postura tanto ética como política na educação. Durante o trajeto questões serão levantadas na tentativa de provocar uma inquietação a respeito dessas duas lógicas distintas entre si com relação à formação de um sujeito, por um lado erótico, e por outro sexual, porém, em nenhum momento o “espaço escolar” será deixado de lado na discussão. Diferenciamos Ars erotica de Scientia sexualis para produção de verdade. A partir dos sujeitos que a Scientia sexualis produz, questionaremos o cuidado de si como fonte retrocessa de vivência no interior do exercício pedagógico, como transformadora e transfiguradora de si para consigo. Fazer o caminho de reconhecimento desta genealogia foucaultina nos faz poder visualizar, a partir de nossos próprios olhos, em que medida nos apercebemos sujeitados a uma história que cientificou, de maneira positivista, nossos conhecimentos de nós mesmos, e que formulou um padrão de conhecimento do/a outro/a. Podemos enfim questionar até que ponto é possível professores/a falarem com seus/uas estudantes de algo que, na maioria das vezes... / From the writings of Michel Foucault, we problematize the Teaching of sexualities in the school - when it enters into the informal curriculum through transversal themes in the National Curriculum – Sexual Orientation – performing a counterpoint with Education from Erotics. We start from the discussion of the formation of social and scientifically constructed stereotypes and we penetrate a process of signification of normal/abnormal from the pathological. This will be the path covered by Foucault which we will also use to visualize the construction of sexual subjects. Based on the discussion of anatomo-politics to biopolitics we will engender our journey to finally enter in the discussion of a care of the self as a posture both ethical as well as political. During this research we will raise questionings in an attempt to cause uneasiness about these two distinct approaches in relation to the formation of a subject, on the one hand erotic, and on the other hand sexual, however, the school environment will not be left aside of the discussion. We differentiate Ars erotica from Scientia sexualis to the production of truth. From the subjects that the Scientia sexualis produces, we will question a care of the self as a retrocessional source of existence within the pedagogical exercise, as a transforming and transfiguring experience from the self to the self. When tracing the way for the recognition of this Foulcault’s genealogy we become able to visualize, from our own eyes, how we are subjected to a history that has scientified, in a positivistic way, our knowledge of ourselves, and has developed a standard of knowledge of the other. We finally question to what extent can teachers speak with his/her students about something that, in most cases, these professionals are not able to, as they have a 'little care' of themselves . We speak here... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

This thesis examines the gendered and sexualised politics of a lesbian identity in contemporary Zimbabwe. Recent writings of well-intentioned scholars, memoirists, bloggers and LGBTQ+ activists that are writing about African lesbian women have largely constructed them as passive victims, trapped in a history of political homophobias and the abusive hegemony of Western ethnocentric discourses that have objectified, erased or even violated African women’s bodies. In these scenarios lesbian women are portrayed as passive bodies on which different forms of gendered and sexualised power act. While great injury and harm has indeed come to some lesbian women, such a limited reading of lesbian lives, and experiences belies the complex ways in which power operates in both liberating and disempowering ways and how it is navigated and resisted by those it is directed at. Drawing on extensive field work I demonstrate firstly how individual and unique the identity formation journeys are and how despite the extreme and in some cases violent force of compulsory heterosexuality individuals still come to same-sex identities. Secondly, I argue that by using a phenomenological approach, African sexualities can be reimagined and explored to generate more than just new data sets, and instead provide new information and understandings of lesbian identity. Finally, through in-depth examination of participant narratives I argue that there is no unitary understanding of lesbian identity and that only those who identify as such can define what the identity means to them as well as shed light on the ways in which the identity is negotiated and navigated. / Thesis (DPhil)--University of Pretoria, 2021. / Centre for Human Rights / DPhil / Unrestricted

Submitted by Ana Carla Almeida (ana.almeida@ucsal.br) on 2016-11-16T14:57:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE DE DOUTORADO DE MARLENE BRITO DE JESUS PEREIRA.pdf: 2309580 bytes, checksum: aa0dc424e95833bae58ed12e7774ff0e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rosemary Magalhães (rosemary.magalhaes@ucsal.br) on 2017-01-13T18:16:57Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE DE DOUTORADO DE MARLENE BRITO DE JESUS PEREIRA.pdf: 2309580 bytes, checksum: aa0dc424e95833bae58ed12e7774ff0e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-13T18:16:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE DE DOUTORADO DE MARLENE BRITO DE JESUS PEREIRA.pdf: 2309580 bytes, checksum: aa0dc424e95833bae58ed12e7774ff0e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-11-26 / A partir das conjecturas provocativas da obra O Contrato Sexual, às teorias do contrato social, a tese tem por objetivo apresentar e discutir o entrelace do contrato social com o contrato sexual. Consiste em uma estratégia argumentativa que apresenta a interdependência entre a ideia de indivíduos, sexualidades e famílias na contemporaneidade. O referencial teórico interdisciplinar ampara-se na Psicologia Social e nas Ciências Sociais não neutras quanto ao gênero. As questões geradoras convocam: O que é ser indivíduo? E o que resulta na contemporaneidade a convicção dessa nomeação? De que sexualidade se fala? O que é família? Um desenho metodológico qualitativo com a técnica dos estudos de casos múltiplos destaca as representações sociais de três (03) famílias participantes, residentes na cidade de Salvador/BA: a família Sigma, constituída por pai mãe e duas filhas, a família Delta, por padrasto, mãe e filha. E a família Gama, constituída por mãe e filho. São seis mulheres e três homens em idades entre 27 e 64 anos, escolarizados e pertencentes ao segmento social médio urbano. A história de vida foi a técnica que recolhi os dados principais, analisados pela técnica da análise de discurso. A tese apresenta a proposta do entrelace entre os contratos e acrescenta o conhecimento sobre indivíduos, sexualidades e famílias, com as representações e histórias de vida de mães, pais, filho e filhas, suas experiências na infância, juventude, namoro, relacionamentos afetivos, sexuais, casamento e recasamento. Os resultados indicam que na contemporaneidade os ‘indivíduos contratantes’ estão fragmentados. Há sexualidades conflitantes nomeadas por perspectivas históricas e sexualidades roteirizadas. A ideia de sexualidade e famílias são chanceladas pelo entrelace dos contratos. O entrelace do contrato social com o sexual amplia a compreensão sobre as diferentes formas que se apresentam indivíduos, sexualidades e famílias. Há ecos do entrelace dos contratos, em regras e normatizações que envolvem a construção de vínculos, afetos e parece criar uma espécie de liga nas relações entre os sexos. Em termos teóricos é minha sugestão que os ecos do entrelace do contrato social com o sexual estão nas relações de gênero entre indivíduos, sexualidades e famílias. As famílias Sigma, Delta e Gama parecem muito próximas do entrelace e desenlace dos contratos. Mas não significa que os indivíduos sociais estão entrelaçados por completo. Sua ação talvez seja de entrar e sair desse entrelace, minando sua hegemonia, fazendo surgir o estranhamento, a denúncia de uma condição assimétrica de convivência social. / From provocative conjectures of the work The Sexual Contract, the theories of the social contract, the thesis aims to present and discuss the intertwining of social contract with the sexual contract. It consists of an argumentative strategy that shows the interdependence between the idea of individuals, families and sexualities in contemporary times. The interdisciplinary theoretical framework to seek refuge in Social Psychology and the Social Sciences not neutral in terms of gender. Generating questions summon: What is to be individual? And which results in contemporary conviction that appointment? That sexuality is spoken? What is family? A qualitative methodological design with the technique of multiple case studies highlights the social representations of three (03) participants families residing in the city of Salvador,BA: Sigma family consisting of father mother and two daughters, the Delta family, stepfather, mother and daughter. And the Gama family, consisting of mother and child. There are six women and three men aged between 27 and 64 years old, educated and belong to the urban middle social segment. The life story was the technique that took the main data, analyzed by the technique of discourse analysis. The thesis presents the proposal of the intertwining between contracts and adds the knowledge of individuals, families and sexualities, with representations and life stories of mothers, fathers, son and daughters, their experiences in childhood, youth, dating, romantic relationships, sexual, marriage and remarriage.The results indicate that nowadays the 'contracting individuals' are fragmented.There are conflicting sexualities named for historical perspectives and scripted sexualities. The idea of sexuality and families are chanceladas by interlace of contracts.The intertwining of the social contract with sexual widen understanding of the different ways that present individuals, families and sexualities. There interlace echoes of contracts in rules and regulations that involve building links, feelings, and seems to create a kind of league in the relations between the sexes. Theoretically it is my suggestion that interlace the echoes of the social contract with the sexual are in gender relations among individuals, families and sexualities. The Sigma families, Delta and Gamma seem very close to interlace and outcome of contracts. But does not mean that social individuals are completely intertwined. Its action may be in and out of that intertwine, undermining its hegemony, giving rise to the problem, the complaint of an asymmetric condition of social life.

Este estudo investiga a emergência de um novo regime de visibilidade de algumas diferenças sexuais no cinema durante o período de transição para o século vinte e um. A partir das análises fílmicas de Breaking the Waves (Lars von Trier, 1996), Minha vida em cor-de-rosa (Ma vie en Rose, Alain Berliner, 1997), e Brokeback Mountain (Ang Lee, 2005), busca-se compreender as profundas transformações que se deram sob o impacto da crise da AIDS na constituição de um imaginário social sobre as diferenças sexuais e as reconfigurações das formas de dar a ver e de negociar estas diferenças e transformações, também por intermédio do cinema, no período investigado, levando-se em consideração o jogo de forças que se estabeleceu entre discursos hegemônicos e contra-hegemônicos que se desdobraram a partir da apropriação política do cinema por diversos grupos que militavam por direitos civis de homossexuais durante a década de 1990. / This work investigates the emergence of a new regimen of visibility of certain sexual differences portrayed in cinema during the transition to the twenty-first century. Through the filmic analysis of Breaking the Waves (Lars von Trier, 1996), My Life in Pink (Ma vie en Rose, Alain Berliner, 1997), and Brokeback Mountain (Ang Lee, 2005) this research seeks to understand the profound transformations that occurred as a result of the impact of the AIDS crisis both in terms of the construction of a social imaginary of sexual differences as well as the rearrangements of the ways these differences and changes were made visible and were negotiated in this period through film. This analysis takes into consideration the disputes established between hegemonic and counter-hegemonic discourses which followed the political appropriation of cinematographic media by several gay civil rights groups during the 1990s.

A Coligay é uma torcida do Grêmio Foot-Ball Porto Alegrense que esteve em atividade entre 1977 e os primeiros anos de 1980. Como o nome indica, essa torcida era formada predominantemente por homens identificados como gays, o que já parece ser motivo de surpresa e curiosidade no contexto futebolístico brasileiro, no qual a heterossexualidade, mais do que tomada como norma, é enfatizada como valor. Mas esse agrupamento fez-se notório não (apenas) porque explicitava a homossexualidade de seus integrantes em sua retórica, mas, sobretudo, porque fazia de tal identidade sexual o norteador da performance estética do grupo nas arquibancadas. Uma vez extinta, a torcida caiu em esquecimento, ausente em grande parte dos registros da história do Grêmio e da memória de muitxs torcedorxs. Recentemente, a Coligay tem retornado à visibilidade com destaque à produção de um livro, um documentário e reportagens, além da presença da torcida em um painel no Museu do Grêmio. Tendo esse cenário em vista, esta tese tem como objetivo descrever e analisar a trajetória e memória da torcida Coligay, dando destaque às tensões referentes a gênero e sexualidade que emergem a partir da presença de um coletivo afirmadamente gay no universo futebolístico. Para tal, me embaso na fundamentação teoria dos Estudos Queer. Utilizo como como fontes entrevistas realizadas na perspectiva teórico-metodológica da História Oral junto a integrantes da Coligay, outrxs torcedorxs do Grêmio, jornalistas, assim como ex-jogadores, dirigentes e funcionários do clube. Às fontes orais, acrescento fontes documentais, sendo elas: registros de periódicos, o acervo documental e iconográfico do Museu do Grêmio, livros que tratam da história do clube e artefatos culturais sobre a Coligay e o Grêmio, tais como notícias de sítios eletrônicos, publicações do Facebook e um documentário Identifiquei que houve, naquele período, um cenário de permissividade à formação da Coligay, assim como de outras “torcidas gays”, acompanhando movimentos potencialmente subversivos no campo da cultura. Ainda assim, a existência da Coligay foi possível diante de certas características e estratégias que contribuíram para sua aceitação. Evidenciei que a torcida possui inegável importância entre as torcidas gremistas, não apenas por refutar o suposto caráter universalmente cisheterossexual e viril do futebol, mas também pelo pioneirismo em diversas iniciativas de organização torcedora e performance nas arquibancadas. A Coligay serviu, também, como um espaço de sociabilidade de LGBTs que, através dela, se aproximaram e apropriaram do futebol. Apesar de sua performance torcedora, em muitos aspectos, ser similar àquela de outras torcidas, é recorrente que suas manifestações sejam marcadas pelo que as diferencia: a afeminação que atravessa suas gestualidades. Há constantes deslizamento entre o que entendem como masculinidades e feminilidades, ainda que dentro de limites que xs próprios integrantes se impõem, os quais necessariamente estão articulados à norma e às consequências concretas que sua ultrapassagem representaria. Por fim, lanço a hipótese de um deslocamento em curso sobre o significado da torcida - de “São bichas, mas são nossas” para a “Diversidade da alegria” – inserido em um projeto de afirmação de uma tradição de pluralidade no Grêmio. / Coligay is a group of supporters from Grêmio Foot-ball Porto Alegrense that was active between 1977 and the early 1980s. As their name indicates, this crowd was formed predominantly by men identified as gay, which already seems to be cause for surprise and curiosity in the Brazilian football context, in which heterosexuality, rather than taken as a norm, is emphasized as value. But this grouping became notorious not only because it exposed the homosexuality of its members in their rhetoric, but above all because it made such sexual identity the guiding force of the group's aesthetic performance in the stands. Once extinct, the crowd fell into oblivion, largely missing from the records of Grêmio´s history and the memory of many supporters. Recently, Coligay has returned to visibility, featuring the production of a book, a documentary and articles, besides the presence of the supporters in a panel in Grêmio´s Museum. With this scenario in view, this thesis aims to describe and analyze the trajectory and memory of the Coligay fans, highlighting the tensions related to gender and sexuality that emerge from the presence of an assertively gay collective in the football universe. To that end, I have grounded on the perspectives of the Queer Studies. I use as sources interviews conducted in the theoretical-methodological perspective of Oral History with members of Coligay, other supporters of Grêmio Foot-Ball Porto Alegrense, journalists, as well as former players, officials and employees of the club. To the oral sources, I add documentary sources, such as: periodicals, documentary and iconographic collection of Grêmio’s Museum, books dealing with the history of the club and cultural artifacts about Coligay and Grêmio, such as news from electronic sites, publications of Facebook and a documentary I identified that there was, in that period, a scenario of permissiveness to the formation of Coligay, as well as other “gay supporting groups”, accompanying potentially subversive movements in the field of culture. Nevertheless, the existence of Coligay was possible in the face of certain characteristics and strategies that contributed to its acceptance. I pointed out that the crowd has undeniable importance among Gremio’s supporting groups, not only for refuting the supposed universallity os cis/heterossexual and virile character of football, but also for the pioneering in several initiatives of supporter’s organization and performance in the football stands. Coligay also served as a space for sociability of LGBTs who, through it, approached and appropriated football. In spite of its supporting performance, in many ways, being similar to that of other fans, it is recurrent that its manifestations are marked by what differentiates them: the effeminacy that crosses its gestualities. There are constant slips between what they understand as masculinities and femininities, even within the limits that their own members impose themselves, which necessarily are articulated to the norm and the concrete consequences that their overtaking would represent. Finally, I propose the hypothesis of an ongoing shift over the meaning of the crowd - from “They are fags, but they are ours” to the “Diversity of Joy” - inserted in a project of affirmation of a tradition of plurality in Grêmio.

Submitted by Cássia Santos (cassia.bcufg@gmail.com) on 2015-02-05T10:50:38Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Giorgia de Aquino Neiva - 2014.pdf: 1768540 bytes, checksum: d4b3e65e40392cd90903900605ee4902 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2015-02-05T12:17:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Giorgia de Aquino Neiva - 2014.pdf: 1768540 bytes, checksum: d4b3e65e40392cd90903900605ee4902 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-05T12:17:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Giorgia de Aquino Neiva - 2014.pdf: 1768540 bytes, checksum: d4b3e65e40392cd90903900605ee4902 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-13 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This Master’s dissertation is an ethnographic study about two alternative nightclubs at Setor Sul, in the city of Goiania, Goiás. These are places that host alternative people (emic category), ie, subjects that are not suffice in unbending definitions as to the identity and sexuality. At such leisure environments, there is greater sexual fluidity, covering subjects from heterosexual, bisexual or homosexual, to those who don’t define their sexuality and selfdeclare as “unlabeled”. Thus, the understanding of the category alternative is also expanded to the places, since they are not part of the hegemonic circuit of night leisure. Moreover, these places are not identified as "GLS" (gays, lesbians and friendly) although they are not strictly heterosexual too. Such establishments admit 18-to-30-year-old people – with some incidence of older people – irrespective of sex and who also enjoy alternative music, which lines off the "underground scene" as to be outside of the mainstream musical axis. Therefore, this youth sociability aims to build his own style in order to escape of the fashion industry impositions and sexual identity labels. This attitude is consistent with the current dynamism of sexual and gender social movements that question the dichotomies, dualities and binarisms, as well as the naturalization of compulsory heterosexuality. Thus, the networks of alternative subjects show that there are no true or false acts of gender, bringing to question whether heterosexuality is a regulatory fiction. / A presente dissertação de mestrado é um estudo etnográfico realizado em duas casas noturnas alternativas, no Setor Sul da cidade de Goiânia, no estado de Goiás. Trata-se de lugares que comportam sujeitos alternativos (categoria êmica), ou seja, que não se bastam em definições estanques quanto à identidade e à sexualidade, e se encontram em ambientes de lazer onde há maior fluidez sexual, abarcando desde sujeitos heterossexuais, bissexuais, ou homossexuais, até os que se dizem “sem rótulos”. Desta maneira, o entendimento da categoria alternativo se amplia para os lugares, posto que estes não fazem parte do circuito hegemônico de lazeres noturnos. Ademais, estes lugares não são identificados como “GLS” (gays, lésbicas e simpatizantes) – mas também não são heterossexuais. Tais estabelecimentos comportam jovens de 18 a 30 anos, com certa incidência de pessoas mais velhas, sem distinção de sexo e que apreciam também música alternativa, que demarca a “cena underground” por estar fora do eixo musical mainstream. Por conseguinte, esta sociabilidade juvenil visa construir um estilo próprio buscando escapar das imposições da indústria da moda e dos rótulos identitários sexuais, o que coaduna com o atual dinamismo dos movimentos sociais relacionados à diversidade sexual e de gênero, que questionam as dicotomias, as dualidades e os binarismos, assim como a naturalização da heterossexualidade compulsória. Desta forma, as redes de sujeitos alternativos mostram que não há atos de gênero verdadeiros ou falsos, levando a indagar se a heterossexualidade é uma ficção reguladora.

This thesis investigated the discursive production of heteronormativity in the historical and present day contexts of early childhood education in Aotearoa New Zealand. A Foucauldian genealogical investigation of early childhood policy and documents revealed how heteronormative discourses shaped understandings in early childhood education in the twentieth century. Then a study of practices as accounted for and produced in focus group interviews showed how heteronormative discourses were confirmed and resisted in the present day. The thesis argues that the locus of heteronormativity in early childhood education centres on constructions of the family, of genders and of sexualities. It sought to investigate whether heteronormative discourses were shaping practices in early childhood education, and if so how. Following the writing of a genealogy of heteronormativity in early childhood education, the fieldwork of the study entailed three rounds of focus group interviews with queer teacher, queer ally and teacher educator participants. Discussions in the interviews were provoked by dilemmas of heterosexism, homophobia and heteronormativity in early childhood settings. Participants were asked to talk about what they thought was occurring in the dilemmas and they were also asked to share examples of practices from their own professional lives where same-sex sexualities had been troubled or affirmed. The texts produced from the focus group interviews were read the same way as the historical and policy and documents. Foucault's discourse analysis combined with questions from Davies' (1994) study of teaching practices, and queer theory provided a theoretical framework through which I was able to explore relations between constructions of genders, families, and sexualities; concepts of insiders and outsiders; and notions of power. A queer turn in the project enlarged the focus of the study to investigate how heteronormative discourse might have been shaping the research interviews too. A discourse of silence along with a discourse of risk was interpreted as contributing to heteronormativity in this work. A strategy designed to assist teachers to interrupt heteronormativity was explored. It allowed teachers to bring together ideas and concepts that would constitute families and parents in ways inclusive of and broader to the (hetero)norm. In the study, teachers, children and parents were shown to draw on (hetero)normalising discourses in their interactions with each other in early childhood education. Such activity limited opportunities for valid alternative options to heterosexuality to be known. This meant that heterosexuality was repeatedly constituted as dominant and normative, thus supporting heteronormativity. Constructions of genders, families and sexualities in the study were regularly shaped by traditional and essentialising discourses that positioned heterosexual sexuality as normal and non-heterosexual sexualities as not. These in combination with other discourses, such as a discourse of developmentalism, provided few opportunities for non-heterosexual sexualities to be recognised, valued and included in early childhood education. The extent to which socially just and inclusive policy aims in early childhood education might therefore be met in practice, could be seriously questioned. However, examples of practices that worked to expand opportunities for the recognition of diverse families and sexualities in early childhood education were also documented. These provided evidence that some teachers, parents and children in some circumstances can and do access and use discourses of social justice, family and sexual diversity, inclusion and human rights. Sustained access to these was not documented, in fact, discourses of social justice, family and sexual diversity, and inclusion were often immediately countered by limiting and (hetero)normalising responses. The thesis concludes with suggestions as to how such processes might be explored and challenged so that more teachers, more children, more families can enjoy recognition and welcome in early childhood education settings designed to include.