The article focuses on a new problem that requires an adequate legal answer that respects the rights of the persons with disabilities: are all persons with disabilities incapacitated for work? This question tries to make a critical assessment of the traditional systems of social security that assumed that any disability led to the end of the productive life. However, that differs completely from the view of the social model of disability that states that disability comes from the social barriers and not from the persons. If disability is not the same as incapacity to work, how and when should this latter figure be applied? The existence of both figures requires us to differentiate them. The hypothesis is that these figures are different but may coexist at the same time. / El presente artículo intentará enfocarse en una problemática que comienza a presentarse en la realidad y que requiere una respuesta jurídica adecuada y respetuosa de los derechos de las personas con discapacidad: ¿todas las personas con discapacidad tienen incapacidad para el trabajo? Esta pregunta busca realizar una valoración crítica de los tradicionales sistemas de seguridad social que entendieron que toda discapacidad llevaba al fin de la vida productiva. No obstante, esto confronta directamente los postulados del modelo social de la discapacidad que proclaman que las imposibilidades de las personas con discapacidad provienen de barreras sociales y no de las personas. Si la discapacidad no equivale a la incapacidad, ¿cómo debe entenderse y aplicarse dicha figura? La existencia de ambas figuras nos reta a plantear cuáles son las diferencias y similitudes entre ambas. Esta investigación se guía bajo la hipótesis de que ambos términos denotan situaciones distintas aunque estas pueden presentarse de manera simultánea.

La question de l'immigration, dans les économies d'accueil, est aujourd'hui au centre des préoccupations politiques, économiques et sociales. L'immigration est perçue, de nos jours, comme un problème plus qu'une opportunité pour les sociétés d'accueil en général et la France en particulier. Les résultats du sondage du Transatlantic Trends entre 2008 et 2013 montrent qu'en France, l'opinion publique sur l'immigration s'est beaucoup dégradée. A la question percevez-vous l'immigration comme un problème plutôt qu'une opportunité ? 50% des sondés français répondaient par l'affirmatif en 2013. Ce pourcentage n'était que de 39% en 2008. Parallèlement à cette situation, les projections démographiques montrent un vieillissement de la population et l'immigration pourrait être une solution face à ce problème. La thèse a pour objectif d'analyser, dans ce contexte de vieillissement démographique, les effets économiques de l'immigration en mettant l'accent sur son impact sur les finances publiques et la demande des ménages en France. Elle contribue ainsi à la littérature sur les coûts et apports de l'immigration dans les pays d'accueil. Elle analyse également les conséquences économiques d'une décision politique relative à l'immigration, en testant les effets des changements de politiques migratoires sur les finances publiques ou encore les effets de la hausse du revenu sur la consommation des ménages natifs et immigrés. La thèse s'articule autour de deux grandes parties : la première s'intéresse à l'impact budgétaire de l'immigration, avec dans un premier chapitre une évaluation comptable et dans un deuxième chapitre, une évaluation dynamique à l'aide d'un modèle d'équilibre général. La deuxième partie de la thèse se focalise sur la consommation des immigrés en France. Là encore, on distingue deux chapitres : le premier mesure la contribution des immigrés à la demande finale et le second analyse les comportements de consommation des ménages natifs et immigrés. / The issue of immigration, in host economies, is today at the center of political, economic and social concerns. Immigration is perceived as a problem rather than an opportunity for host countries in general and France in particular. The results of the Transatlantic Trends survey between 2008 and 2013 show that in France, public opinion on immigration has deteriorated significantly. Do you perceive immigration as a problem rather than an opportunity? 50% of French respondents answered yes in 2013. This percentage was only 39% in 2008. At the same time, demographic projections show a population ageing and immigration could be a solution to this problem. The thesis aims to analyze, in this context of population ageing, the economic effects of immigration by focusing on its impact on public finances and consumption in France. It contributes to the literature on costs and benefits of immigration in the host countries. It helps to shed light on the economic consequences of a political decision on immigration, by testing the effects of changes in migration policies on public finances or the effects of rising income on the consumption of native and immigrant households in France. The thesis focuses on two main parts: the first focuses on the fiscal impact of immigration, with a first chapter on accounting evaluation and a second chapter on dynamic evaluation using a general equilibrium model. The second part of the thesis focuses on the consumption of immigrants in France. Again, there are two chapters: the first measures the contribution of immigrants to final demand and the second analyzes the consumption behavior of native and immigrant households in France.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T14:36:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ultima versao.pdf: 482920 bytes, checksum: 8a45e9cd2dc46fa939da1b18b4cd6a68 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-03-13 / A presente dissertação examina o desenvolvimento da previdência privada fechada no Brasil e suas articulações com a economia. Busca analisar os argumentos apresentados na defesa de sua expansão, isto é, o déficit previdenciário crescente, o aumento da longevidade populacional, os benefícios de estímulo à consolidação de uma poupança para financiar o desenvolvimento econômico e o aumento da partilha de riqueza com os trabalhadores pela propriedade dos títulos mobiliários empresariais. Nesse sentido, este trabalho cuida inicialmente da arquitetura financeira atual, segue uma análise dos mecanismos de estruturação e funcionamento dos fundos de pensão para, então, se ater ao estudo da produção de riqueza e das transformações contemporâneas do capitalismo no intuito de discutir a produção na sociedade do conhecimento e o impacto da mudança nas regulações coletivas de proteção social. Os resultados evidenciam que a escolha da previdência privada fechada, é uma opção política que pode trazer graves consequências sociais. / This dissertation examines the development of private pension plans in Brazil and its close links with the economy. Search analyze the arguments in defense of its expansion, i.e. the growing pension deficit, the increase in population longevity, the benefits of encouraging the consolidation of a saving to finance economic development and increase the sharing of wealth with the workers by property the securities business. In that sense, this work takes care of the first financial architecture today, following an analysis of mechanisms of structuring and operation of pension funds and then stick it to study the production of wealth and of contemporary transformations of capitalism in order to discuss the production in the knowledge society and the impact of change in the regulations of collective social protection. The results show that the choice of the closed private pension, is a policy option that can bring serious social consequences.

Submitted by JÚLIO HEBER SILVA (julioheber@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-11-21T17:44:19Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Fleide Wilian Rodrigues Alves - 2016.pdf: 6601059 bytes, checksum: 4809795dfbefb17a0b09be5b45d7c8a2 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Cláudia Bueno (claudiamoura18@gmail.com) on 2016-11-21T20:18:21Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Fleide Wilian Rodrigues Alves - 2016.pdf: 6601059 bytes, checksum: 4809795dfbefb17a0b09be5b45d7c8a2 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-21T20:18:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Fleide Wilian Rodrigues Alves - 2016.pdf: 6601059 bytes, checksum: 4809795dfbefb17a0b09be5b45d7c8a2 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-10-10 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás - FAPEG / The work brings attached to itself a number of social protection mechanisms achieved by workers over the last two centuries. One of the most important is retirement, usually linked to aging, it presents as a social statute and a life transition that allocates the active worker erstwhile in the list of removed from the world of work. Of great importance in the personal and social context, this passage is a divider in the existence of workers, which has been enjoying retirement for more time due to increased life expectancy. This research aimed at understanding social aspects that permeate the retirement process of the Administrative Technical Education of Federal University of Goiás, in the period between his eminence and its recent acquisition.Regarding the worker about to retire, there was a discussion about the reasons that weighed in his decision, what are your expectations and plans for the future. After retirement, he was investigated as the worker just out of the labor market deals with your free time, if your plans and expectations have been met and as reestabelecem their family ties with their return home. Research has shown that the investigated statutory enjoy better quality of life when they are at work and in retirement, compared to CLT workers with the same training and educational level. This finding was justified by their income be higher, the job security and the possibility of coexistence of working times, and social times in their workplaces during the activity. / O trabalho traz vinculado a si uma série de mecanismos de proteção social conquistados pelos trabalhadores ao longo dos últimos dois séculos. Um dos mais importantes é a aposentadoria, geralmente vinculada ao envelhecimento, se apresenta como um estatuto social e uma transição de vida que aloca o trabalhador ativo de outrora no rol dos retirados do mundo do trabalho. De grande importância no âmbito pessoal e social, esta passagem representa um divisor na existência dos trabalhadores, que vem desfrutando da aposentadoria por cada vez mais tempo frente ao aumento da expectativa de vida. A presente pesquisa objetivou compreender aspectos sociais que permeiam o processo da aposentadoria entre os Técnicos Administrativos da Educação da Universidade Federal de Goiás, no período compreendido entre a sua eminência e sua recente aquisição. No que concerne ao trabalhador prestes a se aposentar, realizou-se uma reflexão acerca dos motivos que pesaram em sua decisão, quais as suas expectativas e planos para o futuro. Após a aposentadoria, investigou-se como o trabalhador recém-saído do mercado de trabalho lida com o seu tempo livre, se seus planos e expectativas se concretizaram e como se reestabelecem as relações familiares na sua volta para casa. A pesquisa demonstrou que os estatutários investigados desfrutam de melhor qualidade de vida quando estão na atividade e na aposentadoria, se comparados com os celetistas com mesma capacitação e nível de escolaridade. Esta constatação se justificou por sua renda ser maior, pela estabilidade no emprego e pela possibilidade da coexistência dos tempos de trabalho e dos tempos sociais em seus ambientes laborais durante a atividade.

Submitted by Geandra Rodrigues (geandrar@gmail.com) on 2018-05-15T17:50:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 andressabrunomartins.pdf: 1051457 bytes, checksum: 4f389ef7f43ba7b2077156016cafcb16 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2018-05-22T14:50:15Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 andressabrunomartins.pdf: 1051457 bytes, checksum: 4f389ef7f43ba7b2077156016cafcb16 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-22T14:50:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 andressabrunomartins.pdf: 1051457 bytes, checksum: 4f389ef7f43ba7b2077156016cafcb16 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-26 / Este trabalho busca analisar o acesso do trabalhador rural aos direitos previdenciários, no âmbito da seguridade social, após a Constituição Federal de 1988, até 2017. Adotamos o método de inspiração histórico-dialética, baseado na tradição marxista, que nos permitiu apreender a historicidade e as contradições desse processo, bem como analisar a realidade, conectada à reprodução da vida social. Utilizamos a pesquisa bibliográfica e a análise dos dados quantitativos elaborados pelas instituições: INSS, ANFIP, DIEESE, IPEA, IBGE. Nesta direção, apresentamos a trajetória histórica do trabalhador rural, associada à questão agrária, e suas contradições engendradas no sistema capitalista de produção. Tratamos da previdência social no Brasil, dos avanços conquistados na década de 1980 e das constantes investidas das classes dominantes que tendem a limitar a perspectiva de seguridade social. Foi possível nesse sentido, compreender e analisar os elementos que condicionam o acesso do trabalhador rural em sua busca pelo direito previdenciário, os limites e as possibilidades postas. Embora sendo um direito conquistado, as mediações postas pela instituição previdenciária, inclusive em sua burocracia, e os constantes ataques políticos materializados nas contrarreformas da previdência, tendem a limitar o acesso do trabalhador rural à previdência social. Contudo, a resistência e as lutas sociais abrem possibilidades de manutenção desses direitos. / This work seeks to analyze the rural worker's access to social security rights, in the scope of social protection, after the Federal Constitution of 1988, until 2017. We adopted the method of historical-dialectical inspiration, based on the Marxist tradition, which allowed us to apprehend the historicity and contradictions of this process, as well as to analyze reality, connected to the reproduction of social life. We used the bibliographic research and analysis of the quantitative data elaborated by the institutions: INSS, ANFIP, DIEESE, IPEA, IBGE. In this direction, we present the historical trajectory of the rural worker, associated with the agrarian question, and its contradictions engendered in the capitalist system of production. We deal with social security in Brazil, the advances made in the 1980s, and the constant attacks of the dominant classes that tend to limit the prospect of social security. It was possible, in this sense, to understand and analyze the elements that condition the access of the rural worker in his quest for social security law, the limits and possibilities posed. Although, it is a right that has been won, mediated by the social security institution, including its bureaucracy, and the constant political offensives materialized in the counter-reforms of social security tend to limit the access of rural workers to social security. However, resistance and social struggles open possibilities for the maintenance of these rights.

Par son activité salariée, le sportif est intégré au système interprofessionnel de sécurité sociale. Les particularismes de l’activité sportive, tenant à la nature et à l’organisation de celle-ci, rendent néanmoins cette intégration complexe et difficile. La pluriactivité du sportif, mais également l’intervention massive des fédérations sportives, syndicats, partenaires et organisateurs de compétitions, doivent être prises en compte par le cadre normatif applicable. Il en est de même de l’importance des risques professionnels affectant le sportif et de la brièveté de sa carrière. Le système national, uniforme et public de protection sociale est alors confronté à ses limites. Tandis que la réparation des risques sociaux est insuffisante, la prévention et l’accompagnement socioprofessionnel du sportif salarié sont presque inexistants. La cadre légal applicable ne peut pleinement satisfaire. Face à ces carences, il appartient à la convention collective d’assurer une sécurité sociale professionnelle de la personne. Une protection sociale complémentaire et supplétive adaptée à l’activité sportive salariée se construit. Elle permet à la fois d’épouser les contours de la sécurité sociale et d’intégrer les dispositifs individuels et collectifs développés par les différents acteurs de l’activité sportive. La sécurisation effective de la personne est alors assurée par un cumul des formes de protection. Il s’agit ainsi de proposer une protection sociale organisée en différents niveaux s’adaptant à la réalité de l’activité professionnelle développée. / Owing to the employed activity he pursues, a paid athlete is part of the interprofessional social protection system. Sporting activities have certain specificities, due to their nature and organisation, which make their inclusion into the system more complicated and difficult. The multiple activities the athlete may carry on, as well as the significant intervention of sporting federations, trade unions, partners and organisers of sporting events, must be taken into account by the applicable normative framework. The same applies to the extent of the occupational hazards which affect the athlete and to the brievity of his career. The standardised and public national social protection system is then faced with its own limits. While the compensation of social risks is inadequate, there are hardly any prevention and socio-occupational assistance. The applicable legal framework cannot therefore be fully satisfactory. To tackle these deficiencies, collective labour agreement must ensure an occupational social protection for the individual. An additional and auxiliary social protection adapted to the status of an employed sporting activity then starts to build up. It allows both to match the outline of the national social security and to integrate the individual and collective packages designed by the stakeholders of the sporting activity field. The actual safety of the individual is then guaranteed through the combination of these different forms of social protection. The point is thus to offer a social protection organised in different layers suitable for the developed sporting activity.

The first part of the final thesis describes social security contributions in 1992. In the second part is analysed the system of social security contributions and health contributions in 1993 in connection with the tax reform in the Czech Republic. The third part deals with main changes of contributions structure. Basic laws are the social security contribution act No. 589/1992 Coll. and the health contribution act No. 592/1992 Coll.. In the last part is analysed development of contributions in term of international comparisons or depending on variables such as rate of unemployment or gross domestic product.

O presente estudo tem como temática central as proteções e desproteções sociais vivenciadas pelas famílias de crianças e adolescentes em medida de proteção de acolhimento. Foi desenvolvido um estudo de nível exploratório e natureza qualitativa, guiado pelo método Materialista Histórico Dialético, que buscou conhecer qual a percepção que as famílias de crianças e adolescentes em acolhimento institucional, no município de Gravataí/ RS, no ano de 2017, possuem sobre a situação de acolhimento e de (des) Proteção Social vivenciada pelas famílias. Tomaram-se como sujeitos do estudo seis familiares de crianças e adolescentes em acolhimento no município, no ano de 2017. A pesquisa utilizou a metodologia de História de Vida para possibilitar escuta e visibilidade às narrativas dos sujeitos. A proteção social é destacada neste estudo, como fundamental, em meio à perversidade e violência do modelo de acumulação capitalista – sendo um instrumento que serve à reprodução do capital, mas que, em um processo dialético, é também uma conquista da classe trabalhadora. As perspectivas preponderantes, em um cenário neoliberal, sobre a função/participação das famílias na execução do sistema de proteção no Brasil, mostram-se com viés Familista e de Pluralismo de Bem-Estar, os quais caminham de encontro aos processos de responsabilização dos indivíduos e famílias por sua proteção. Esses primas e configuração da proteção social, trazem implicações sobre a aplicação da medida de acolhimento de crianças e adolescentes e proteção das famílias. Dessa forma, emergem nesse estudo, trajetórias de vida permeadas por processos de violações de direitos e desproteções sociais, nos quais, muitas vezes, o acolhimento de crianças e adolescentes é resultado desse processo. Ainda, a medida de acolhimento é percebida de forma ambígua pelos familiares: insurge como uma proteção, que garante acesso aos serviços e bens que as famílias não possuem condições de prover; como algo que “não traz coisas boas”; e, também, como uma punição pelo comportamento. Por fim, aponta-se para a necessidade de se direcionar um olhar atento para as famílias das crianças e adolescentes em acolhimento, para compreender quais são trajetórias de vida dessas pessoas, quais as violações de direitos foram e são vivenciadas por elas e como a proteção social, enquanto um sistema, atende suas necessidades e garante as condições para que as crinças e adolescentes tenham o direito à permanência na família. A partir disso, é possível que se construam estratégias, de forma conjunta com os sujeitos, visando superar possíveis vulnerabilidades e riscos sociais e fortalecimento de suas capacidades protetivas. / The present study has as its central theme the protection and the lack of social protection experienced by families with children and teenagers in protective measures. A study of exploratory level and qualitative nature was developed guided by the Materialistic Dialectical method, which sought to know what these families’ perception of the program of social care and protection is (in the city of Gravataí in 2017). Six family members of these children and teenagers in social care (in town in 2017) were taken as subjects of the study. The research used the Life History methodology to enable listening and visibility to these relatives’ narratives. Social protection is highlighted, as fundamental, amid the perversity and violence of the capitalist accumulation model - being an instrument that serves the reproduction of capital, but which, in a dialectical process, is also a working-class achievement. The prevailing perspectives, in a neoliberal scenario, on the role/participation of families in the implementation of the protection system in Brazil, present themselves with Familial and Welfare Pluralism bias, which match the processes of accountability of individuals and families for their protection. These prisms and configurations of social protection, have implications over the application of the fostering measures in relation to children and adolescents and the protection of families. Therefore, this study brings out life trajectories permeated by processes of rights violations and social deprotection, where, often, the reception of children and adolescents is the result of this process. Moreover, the measure of institutional home is perceived ambiguously by family members: it emerges as a protection, which guarantees access to services and goods that families cannot afford; As well as something that "doesn’t bring good things"; and is given as a punishment for behavior. Finally, it is pointed out the need to take a close look at the families of these children and teenagers in the institutional home, to understand their life trajectories, which rights violations have been and are experienced by them and how the social protection, while a system, meets their needs and guarantees the conditions for the children and adolescents to have the right to stay in the family. With that in mind, it is possible to build strategies, together with the relatives in order to overcome possible vulnerabilities and social risks and therefore strengthen their protective capacities.

This diploma thesis focuses on problems with purpose and use of care allowance in families with children with long term unfavourable health condition. The work is divided according to its content into a theoretical and empiric parts. The theoretical part deals with a development of an approach towards people suffering any health disability throughout history, it explains terms such as family, health handicap or the situation of a caring family, furthermore the work describes specific systems of social care and help. The empiric part analyses legislative scope of care allowance including comparison of similar social allowances abroad. It also works with accessible statistic data. The solution of the above mentioned case is complemented by case studies of five caring families with children with long term unfavourable health condition, where the author of this work gathered the data on the basis of qualitative sociologic research - through semi-structured interviews.

[pt] Brasil e África do Sul passaram por processos de transição política, tendo na promulgação de suas Constituições um marco na busca de formalização e universalização de políticas sociais. Em termos comparativos, os dois países apresentam trajetórias socioeconômica e políticas semelhantes no período democrático. São países de população de renda média, com altos índices de pobreza e desigualdade, e certa instabilidade institucional. Após período de promoção de reformas econômicas de reestruturação e estabilização, a questão social foi revigorada, tornando-se item principal na agenda de políticas públicas. A partir dos anos 2000, os países enfrentam desafios sociais pela institucionalização da assistência social, fortalecendo, assim, o sistema de seguridade social pela proteção social. Tendo como principal corolário os programas de transferência direta de renda, as políticas sociais combatem diretamente a pobreza nos dois países. A difusão de políticas sociais de bem-estar social representa um novo paradigma de construção de políticas públicas no século XXI. / [en] Brazil and South Africa went through a process of political transition, in the end of which the enactment of their Constitutions was a milestone in the formalization and universalization of their social policies. By comparison, these two countries have similar socio-economic and policies trajectories in the democratic period. After a period of promotion of economic restructure and stabilization reforms, social issues were strengthened, becoming the main item in the conduct of public policies. Therefore, in the present moment the two countries face the social challenges of poverty reduction, crystallizing the institutionalization of social assistance, and providing the construction of a social protection state. The spread of social welfare policies is a new paradigm for the promotion of public policies in the twenty-first century.