Submitted by admin tede (tede@pucgoias.edu.br) on 2017-10-04T19:38:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 WANESSA BATISTA MELO (2).pdf: 1778223 bytes, checksum: 409c88f68e2b8598d67a5b0a7b7ed2fc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-04T19:38:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 WANESSA BATISTA MELO (2).pdf: 1778223 bytes, checksum: 409c88f68e2b8598d67a5b0a7b7ed2fc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-05-28 / This thesis aims to investigate and analyze the implications produced by the policies to the elderly in Goiânia-GO, after the implementation process of the Elderly, in view of universal access to social goods and services, such as citizenship rights. The unit of analysis used were two support groups, located in neighborhoods that have the highest number of elderly among its residents, Jardim America (central district) and the New World Garden (suburb). The criterion set for the calculation of the research sample was based on data gathered by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE, 2000) and the Department of Planning Seplan (GOIAS, 2005) on the elderly population goianiense. In the context of research subjects were older than the employees, managers of policies for the elderly in Goiânia. He took up Marx's dialectical method as a reference for understanding the specific social reality experienced by this segment. Based on Netto (2009), it is understood that the "theoretical knowledge is knowledge of the object as it is itself, in its real existence and effective, regardless of the wishes, aspirations and representations of the researcher" (p .673). Adopted as the legal and juridical horizon-formal, Law No. 8.842/94, which regulates the National Elderly Policy (NCP) and Law No. 10.741/2003, that provides for the Elderly (EI). The bibliographic and documentary showed studies on population growth, reduction in the age structure and fertility rates in Goiania in Brazil and its implications for the everyday life of the elderly population. Also revealed that despite social and legal advances in recent years, the elderly resident in the city of Goiania not feel adequately protected legally. There are weaknesses in the system of social protection to the elderly in the county, which are due mainly to the inefficiency of public policy, the disagreements between different governmental and non governmental organizations in protecting the rights of the elderly population, as well as the low effectiveness of the exercise of democratic control by way of direct participation. / Esta dissertação objetiva investigar e analisar as implicações produzidas pelas políticas de atenção ao idoso no município de Goiânia-GO, após o processo de implantação do Estatuto do Idoso, na perspectiva de universalização do acesso aos bens e serviços sociais, como direitos de cidadania. A unidade de análise utilizada foram dois grupos de convivência, localizados em bairros que possuem o maior número de idosos dentre seus moradores, o Jardim América (bairro central) e o Jardim Novo Mundo (bairro periférico). O critério definido como parâmetro para o cálculo amostral da pesquisa foi fundamentado nos dados levantados pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE,2000) e pela Secretaria de Planejamento Seplan (GOIAS, 2005) sobre a população idosa goianiense. No contexto da pesquisa foram sujeitos colaboradores além dos idosos, os gestores das políticas de atenção ao idoso no município de Goiânia. Tomou-se o método dialético de Marx como referência para a compreensão da realidade social concreta vivenciada por esse segmento. Adotou-se como horizonte legal e jurídico-formal, a Lei nº 8.842/94, que regulamenta a Política Nacional do Idoso (PNI) e a Lei nº 10.741/2003, que dispõe sobre o Estatuto do Idoso (EI). A pesquisa bibliográfica e documental apresentou estudos sobre o aumento demográfico, a redução na pirâmide etária e das taxas de fecundidade no Brasil e em Goiânia e suas implicações para o cotidiano da a população idosa. Revelou, ainda, que apesar dos avanços sociais e legais ocorridos nos últimos anos, o idoso morador na cidade de Goiânia não se sente protegido legalmente de forma satisfatória. Há fragilidades no sistema de proteção social ao idoso no município, as quais são resultantes, sobretudo, da ineficiência das políticas públicas, da desarticulação entre as instituições governamentais e não governamentais na defesa dos direitos da população idosa, como também da ausência do controle democrático por meio da participação direta.

This thesis examines whether, how and to what extent social cash transfers help the poor in reducing poverty; not only in income terms but also in relation to how they build on their capabilities and address gender inequality, risk and vulnerability. The thesis explores these questions through an analysis of a community targeted social cash transfer scheme from Traditional Authority Mlomba, Machinga district in Malawi, using the capability approach as the conceptual framework of analysis. The study is located in the critical realist domain as its underlying research philosophy. The study is qualitative in nature, using semi-structured interviews, observations and life histories. The scheme targets the poorest 10% of the population who are also labour constrained and deemed to be economically unproductive. Thus, the study offers some insights into an area that is not well researched as it is a relatively new concept to target the poor who are also labour constrained and not economically productive. In this thesis, I show that despite the limited resource base compared to the large number of the poor, social cash transfers as low as US$14 per household per month can make a valuable contribution to the reduction of poverty through building capabilities of the poor, empowering women and addressing some of the gendered inequalities, risk and vulnerability. Therefore, social cash transfers are not just handouts but act as ladders that can uplift the absolute poor out of poverty.

Submitted by Oliveira Santos Dilzaná (dilznana@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-08-02T13:44:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcia Queiroz de Carvalho Gomes .pdf: 1788949 bytes, checksum: d531f7c1f824f0265b5777ebabd7fb4a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Oliveira Santos Dilzaná (dilznana@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-08-02T13:56:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcia Queiroz de Carvalho Gomes .pdf: 1788949 bytes, checksum: d531f7c1f824f0265b5777ebabd7fb4a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-02T13:56:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcia Queiroz de Carvalho Gomes .pdf: 1788949 bytes, checksum: d531f7c1f824f0265b5777ebabd7fb4a (MD5) / O trabalho documenta e analisa as novas formas de solidariedade intergeracional, considerando que nas sociedades contemporâneas as relações sociais se tornaram mais complexas à medida em que as estruturas social e familiar se reconfiguraram, alterando as formas de troca entre as gerações. A institucionalização do sistema de proteção social público ou da solidariedade pública concorreu para modificar a dinâmica do sistema de proteção social familiar ou das solidariedades primárias. Tomo como campo de análise o cotidiano das trocas vivenciadas por mulheres e homens idosos pertencentes às classes populares de Salvador, em contextos relacionais distintos, ou seja, aqueles que mantêm vínculos de solidariedade primária, representados por idosos/as moradores da comunidade/bairro, e aqueles que se encontram em situação limite entre a solidariedade primária, a solidariedade secundária ou pública e a prestada por estranhos, representados por idosos/as moradores/as de asilo público. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, a partir da observação direta, com registro sistemático das visitas em diário de campo, e entrevistas semi-estruturadas e abertas, feitas com trinta e um idosos/as, e seis profissionais vinculados à gestão pública da velhice. Considerando que a solidariedade familiar não é dada, mas construída na dinâmica das relações de troca e ainda que as políticas sociais do Estado afetam as relações familiares, concluo que as formas de solidariedade intergeracionais na atualidade vêm se configurando como um circuito de relações de interdependência entre a solidariedade pública e a primária, imprescindíveis uma à outra, conformando novas possibilidades de troca entre as gerações. This thesis is aimed at reporting and analyzing the new ways through which intergenerational solidarity takes place by taking into account the complexity of contemporary social relations as a result of the reshaping of social and family structures that alters the ways intergenerational exchanges occur. The institutionalization of the public protection system or the public solidarity has contributed to change the dynamics of the family’s social protection system or primary solidarity. The everyday exchanges among low-income elderly men and women in Salvador (Bahia, Brazil) comprise the field in which two distinctive relational contexts are analyzed, namely, the one presenting primary solidarity bonds, consisting of those elderly dwelling in communities/districts, and the one presenting a borderline situation among primary, secondary/public or provided-by-strangers kinds of solidarity, consisting of institutionalized elderly in public nursing homes. This is a qualitative study based on both direct observation, systematically recorded in field journals, and open-ended and semi-structured interviews carried out among thirty-one elderly subjects and seven practitioners dealing with the public management of the elderly population. Given that family solidarity is a social construct resulting from the dynamics of the exchange relations and that social governmental policies play a role in family relationships, the ways contemporary intergenerational solidarity occurs can be concluded to comprise a set of interdependent relations between public and primary kinds of solidarity, one being vital to the other, thus presenting new possibilities for interchange between generations.

Alors que les nations du monde se rapprochent et deviennent plus interdépendantes, le contexte global changeant nécessite une recherche académique plus adaptée. Les théories développées pour les démocraties avancées au vingtième siècle ont maintenant besoin d’additions complémentaires, ou peut-être de contreparties divergentes, pour expliquer les processus de développement des pays émergents. Pour traiter ces changements, les académiques ont soit créé de nouvelles théories soit étendu d’anciennes pour les adapter aux pays en développement. Cependant, malgré d’encourageants progrès, la nature dynamique des pays en cours de développement, à la fois économiquement et politiquement, implique qu’une large travail reste à accomplir. La littérature sur les développements institutionnels dans le domaine de l’économie politique pour les pays avancés est, tout en évoluant, bien établie. Les théories qui soutiennent cette thèse viennent d’études de capitalisme comparatif (CC) sur les pays avancés. Cette thèse donne un aperçu de l’impact de la structure économique sur les institutions économiques et politiques, l’évolution de ces institutions, et comment ces institutions affectent l’état social d’un pays, avec une importance particulière accordée aux résultats de l’état social. Après un premier chapitre introductif, le chapitre deux suggère que les pays en développement caractérisés par des économies plus coordonnées devraient avoir des systèmes électoraux plus proportionnels. Le chapitre trois continue avec cette idée et suggère que les économies coordonnées devraient produire des états sociaux plus généreux avec de hautes dépenses gouvernementales. Aussi, ces pays devraient avoir des résultats sociaux plus optimaux, tels que des baisses d’inégalités et des niveaux de pauvreté. Cette évolution connective peut être expliquée par la co-évolution des institutions économiques et politiques. Afin de mieux comprendre la formation et la variété des états sociaux dans les pays en développement, le chapitre quatre ne considère qu’une région, Afrique Subsaharienne (AS). Ce chapitre considère aussi comment la générosité de l’état social influe les résultats de la protection sociale. / As nations around the world become closer and increasingly interdependent, the changing global context requires a parallel advancement of academic research. Theories developed for advanced democracies in the twentieth century now require complimentary additions, or perhaps diverging counterparts, to help explain the developmental processes of developing countries. To address these changes, scholars have created new theories or extended old ones to consider developing countries. However, despite the positive and thorough advancements thus far, the dynamic nature of countries undergoing development and transition, both economic and political, means that the work is far from finished. The literature on institutional developments in the political economy for advanced democracies is, while still evolving, well established. The theories supporting the research within this thesis rely on comparative capitalism studies and the varieties of capitalism approach focused on advanced democracies. The purpose of this thesis is, using the key tenants of comparative capitalism and the varieties of capitalism theory, to expand this literature to developing countries. After the introduction found in chapter one, chapter two suggests that developing countries with more coordinated economies should have more proportional electoral rule systems, which are a type of political institution. Chapter three continues along the idea of this subject by suggesting that these coordinated economies, which have more proportional electoral rules systems, according to chapter two, should produce more generous welfare states with higher government spending and more optimal welfare outcomes, such as low inequalities and low levels of poverty. This connective story can be explained by the co-evolution of economic and political institutions. In order to understand more deeply welfare state formation and variety, along with how welfare generosity affects welfare outcomes in developing countries, chapter four takes a closer look at one region in particular, Sub­-Saharan Africa.

[pt] A presente pesquisa visa analisar a prevenção da negligência contra crianças e adolescentes a partir da inserção das famílias no Centro de Referência de Assistência Social (CRAS), enquanto órgão executor da proteção social básica de acordo com a Política Nacional de Assistência Social. Sugere, assim, uma discussão sobre a proteção social básica e a prevenção, tanto no âmbito da família quanto no da responsabilidade do Estado, como forma de minimizar as ocorrências comumente designadas de negligência. Para viabilizar a análise das situações vivenciadas pelas famílias, procedeu-se um estudo qualitativo, utilizando a técnica de análise de documentos referentes às mães que estavam em descumprimento de condicionalidades, tendo seus benefícios do Programa Bolsa Família suspensos, devido a uma suposta negligência à saúde e à educação de seus filhos e foram acompanhadas por um CRAS do Município do Rio de Janeiro. Também foram utilizadas estatísticas pertinentes ao tema para projetar a discussão no âmbito nacional. As conclusões apontam para a necessidade de compreensão da totalidade das expressões da questão social que permeiam as situações da suposta negligência familiar. Além disso, sinalizam a responsabilidade do Estado através de ações intersetoriais, envolvendo políticas para além da assistência social que visem ao cuidado com os pais para garantia efetiva dos direitos de crianças e adolescentes. / [en] The present study aims to analyze the prevention of neglect of children and adolescents from the insertion of families in the Reference Center for Social Assistance (CRAS) as an executor of basic social protection in accordance with the National Social Assistance Policy. It thus suggests a discussion on basic social protection and prevention, both within the family and State responsibility, as a way of minimizing the commonly designated occurrences of neglect. In order to make it possible to analyze the situations experienced by the families, a qualitative study was carried out using the document analysis technique for mothers who were in breach of conditionalities, and their benefits from the Bolsa Família Program were suspended because of a supposed negligence health and education of their children and were accompanied by a CRAS from the Municipality of Rio de Janeiro. Statistics relevant to the topic were also used to project the discussion at the national level. The conclusions point to the need to understand all the expressions of the social question that permeate the situations of supposed family neglect. In addition, they signal the State s responsibility through intersectoral actions involving policies other than social assistance aimed at caring for parents to guarantee the effective rights of children and adolescents.

Submitted by Jordan (jordanbiblio@gmail.com) on 2018-08-22T13:18:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2014_Nelson Correa Viana.pdf: 2659347 bytes, checksum: cf0f6a0483fdba84e6e69f01fff88246 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Jordan (jordanbiblio@gmail.com) on 2018-08-22T16:22:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2014_Nelson Correa Viana.pdf: 2659347 bytes, checksum: cf0f6a0483fdba84e6e69f01fff88246 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T16:22:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2014_Nelson Correa Viana.pdf: 2659347 bytes, checksum: cf0f6a0483fdba84e6e69f01fff88246 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-28 / Este trabalho discute o custeio da previdência dos servidores do estado de Mato Grosso e analisa a sua condição de risco como materialidade de direito social no contexto da proteção social como política. Analisamos o Estado como garantidor da proteção na condição de regulador, característica em que o posiciona no contexto do neoliberalismo que tem como expressão própria mais mercado e menos Estado, com isso a seguridade social está em constantes tensionamentos desafiadores para a manutenção de direitos já conquistados. A luta não tem sido por mais direitos, mas para não perder os já existentes. Nesse sentido, a pesquisa tem natureza qualitativa com informações quantitativas, se caracterizando como um trabalho de cunho exploratório em que se adotam determinados pressupostos e por eles se orientam como provável e provisória resposta ao problema. Tem o mesmo sentido da hipótese, porém sem a característica de, como hipótese, no seu exato significado, ser submetida à verificação para ser comprovada, como nas ciências naturais, uma vez que estamos tratando de fenômenos sociais não reproduzíveis em laboratório, pois o objeto é um produto histórico. O método adotado é o crítico dialético que proporciona questionar a realidade a partir das suas determinações não se contentando com análises lineares que apenas descrevem o objeto sem relacioná-lo com as condições objetivas em que se materializa, portanto, trata-se de uma constante busca da essência da práxis. O resultado encontrado previamente explicita um provável efeito tesoura que pode ser indicativo de risco de custeio da previdência de acordo com os pressupostos delineados. Os dados são provisórios necessitando de contrastação e ajustes quanto aos valores correntes e constantes. Os números representam um esforço de síntese desse plano dialético, mas não significam “a verdade” inconteste, pois eles mesmos ao serem disputados poderiam ser outros números que não estes localizados nos diversos relatórios dos órgãos de controle burocrático que, de certo modo, apenas legitimam o poder político que se atualiza, com as suas convenções como a contabilidade, por exemplo, que ultimamente tem sido objeto de discussão como “contabilidade criativa”. Concluímos que num Estado regulado pelas políticas neoliberais os espaços orçamentários reivindicados pelo social têm menor expressão em relação aos aspectos financeiros nas disputas dos fundos públicos. Pelas expressões da Política, seus interesses específicos são regulados pelas instituições estatais sob orientação de agências multilaterais. Essa é uma das razões das alterações ensaiadas a partir da Constituição de 1988 nos fundamentos da Previdência do servidor público, cujos pretensos privilégios implícitos de classe estão sendo transferidos para o mercado, na medida do possível. / This paper discusses pension defrayal of public servant from Mato Grosso state, analyzing risk condition as materiality of social rights in the context of social protection as politics. The state was analyzed as guarantor of protection in the condition of regulator, feature that places it in the context of neoliberalism whose own expression more market and less state, thus social security is in constant challenging tensions for the maintenance of rights already conquered. The fight has not been on more rights, but to avoid losing existing ones. In this sense, the research has qualitative nature with quantitative information, characterizing as an exploratory work in which it is adopt certain assumptions and are guided by them as probable and provisional answer to the problem, the same effect of the hypothesis, however without the characteristic, as a hypothesis, in its exact meaning, to be submitted for verification to be confirmed, as in natural sciences, since dealing with social phenomena not reproducible in the laboratory, because the object is a historical product. The method adopted is the critical dialectic that provides questioning reality from its determinations, not content with linear analysis that only describe the object without relating it to the objective conditions where it materializes, therefore there is a constant search on the essence of praxis. Previously results explicitly a probable scissors effect that can be indicative of risk of pension defrayal in accordance with the assumptions outlined. Data are provisional and require contrastation and adjustments regarding current and constant values. Numbers represent an effort to synthesize of this dialectical plan, but do not mean the “unquestioned truth”, because when disputed could be other numbers than these found in various reports of the organs with bureaucratic control that somehow only legitimate political power that updates itself with its conventions as accounting, for example, which has lately been the object of discussion as "creative accounting". Lastly, it is concluded that in a state governed by neoliberal policies, spaces budgetary claimed by the society has lower expression compared to financial aspects in disputes of public funds by the expressions of Politics with specific interests regulated by state institutions under the supervision of multilateral agencies. This is the probable reason of the changes assayed from the 1988 Constitution in the fundamentals of public servant's pension, whose pretended implicit class privileges are being transferred to the market, whenever possible.

L’association des concepts de tourisme et de santé, est marquée par une opposition qui découle de la nature des deux concepts. Le lien entre ces deux domaines de la vie des sociétés est protéiforme, et s’inscrit dans l’histoire, les pratiques sociales et l’actualité. Cette relation se décline sous la forme du thermalisme de l’Antiquité, à la création des premiers hôpitaux pour héberger les pèlerins du Moyen Âge, et l’organisation du premier voyage à forfait par Thomas Cook en 1841, dans une campagne contre l’alcool en Angleterre. Aujourd’hui la médecine du voyage et ses recommandations pour les séjours dans les pays tropicaux, de même que les récentes épidémies de portée mondiale, et leurs incidences sur l’économie touristique, ajoutent de nouveaux démembrements à la relation entre la santé et le voyage. Mais c’est par le biais du tourisme médical que cette étude tente d’approfondir le rapport entre les deux concepts. Forme de migration moderne, on découvre un secteur économique rapportant en 2013, près de 60 milliards de dollars, et un modèle économique que tentent de dupliquer de nombreuses destinations. Dans les préalables de ce phénomène, il y a pour ces destinations, une économie touristique efficace, et un secteur de la santé irrigué par un système d’assurance santé, sous son trait universel. Enfin le tourisme médical, dévoile sa face controversée, celle de l’Ethique re-questionnée dans la PMA, ou pour les suites médicales de la pratique, avec les problèmes post-opératoires. Mais c’est surtout sous la forme d’une nouvelle mise en valeur des territoires urbains, que pèse désormais le tourisme médical, en France et ailleurs aussi. / Tourism and health are two concepts, at first sight in opposition. If tourism "is not based on any necessity," health, "engages the lives of individuals and societies." By scrutinizing the two concepts, it emerges a protean relationship that fits into history, social practices and current events. Despite the progress made in medicine, some tourist destinations, for specific epidemiological reasons are still destinations at risk. The current context of globalization, has influences in the field of health. The recent epidemics, H1N1 flu, Coronavirus etc., are today a threat to the planet. These experiences have shown the subjection of the tourism sector to the epidemiological state of the world. At this first connection between health and tourism, there is the one that makes health a consumer good, a design on which medical tourism is based. Medical tourism is a phenomenon brought to life by the media. The ambiguity of the term leads us to confess at the epistemological level of an inappropriate formula. However, it refers to a phenomenon that brings in nearly $ 60 billion in global revenue a year.These economic spinoffs support the expansion of the practice: Asia, Eastern Europe, North Africa, Latin America, and North America. The cost of care on these destinations, mostly emerging countries, Are much lower than in the countries of origin of patients. Legislation on certain medical acts is also important in medico-tourist motivations. PMA, transplants, abortion, participate motivations of medical tourism. However, the observations show a correlation between the emergence of this economic model, and the existence on the one hand, on the one hand, of a rich tourist activity, and on the other,of health insurance mechanism, covering the majority Population. In France we find the conditions for the development of a medical-tourist activity. However, the contribution of the Hexagon to this segment of the world economy is below its capacity, although it must be admitted that some cities are famous for hosting foreign patients. In city marketing, hospital facilities also define the importance of agglomerations. On this fact the cities of Paris, Marseille and Lyon, each has a medical-tourist activity. This study analyzes this segment in each of these cities, with their tourist and sanitary features.Thus, medical tourism is emerging as a new form of development of the territory, in France and elsewhere as well.

O presente estudo tem como temática central as proteções e desproteções sociais vivenciadas pelas famílias de crianças e adolescentes em medida de proteção de acolhimento. Foi desenvolvido um estudo de nível exploratório e natureza qualitativa, guiado pelo método Materialista Histórico Dialético, que buscou conhecer qual a percepção que as famílias de crianças e adolescentes em acolhimento institucional, no município de Gravataí/ RS, no ano de 2017, possuem sobre a situação de acolhimento e de (des) Proteção Social vivenciada pelas famílias. Tomaram-se como sujeitos do estudo seis familiares de crianças e adolescentes em acolhimento no município, no ano de 2017. A pesquisa utilizou a metodologia de História de Vida para possibilitar escuta e visibilidade às narrativas dos sujeitos. A proteção social é destacada neste estudo, como fundamental, em meio à perversidade e violência do modelo de acumulação capitalista – sendo um instrumento que serve à reprodução do capital, mas que, em um processo dialético, é também uma conquista da classe trabalhadora. As perspectivas preponderantes, em um cenário neoliberal, sobre a função/participação das famílias na execução do sistema de proteção no Brasil, mostram-se com viés Familista e de Pluralismo de Bem-Estar, os quais caminham de encontro aos processos de responsabilização dos indivíduos e famílias por sua proteção. Esses primas e configuração da proteção social, trazem implicações sobre a aplicação da medida de acolhimento de crianças e adolescentes e proteção das famílias. Dessa forma, emergem nesse estudo, trajetórias de vida permeadas por processos de violações de direitos e desproteções sociais, nos quais, muitas vezes, o acolhimento de crianças e adolescentes é resultado desse processo. Ainda, a medida de acolhimento é percebida de forma ambígua pelos familiares: insurge como uma proteção, que garante acesso aos serviços e bens que as famílias não possuem condições de prover; como algo que “não traz coisas boas”; e, também, como uma punição pelo comportamento. Por fim, aponta-se para a necessidade de se direcionar um olhar atento para as famílias das crianças e adolescentes em acolhimento, para compreender quais são trajetórias de vida dessas pessoas, quais as violações de direitos foram e são vivenciadas por elas e como a proteção social, enquanto um sistema, atende suas necessidades e garante as condições para que as crinças e adolescentes tenham o direito à permanência na família. A partir disso, é possível que se construam estratégias, de forma conjunta com os sujeitos, visando superar possíveis vulnerabilidades e riscos sociais e fortalecimento de suas capacidades protetivas. / The present study has as its central theme the protection and the lack of social protection experienced by families with children and teenagers in protective measures. A study of exploratory level and qualitative nature was developed guided by the Materialistic Dialectical method, which sought to know what these families’ perception of the program of social care and protection is (in the city of Gravataí in 2017). Six family members of these children and teenagers in social care (in town in 2017) were taken as subjects of the study. The research used the Life History methodology to enable listening and visibility to these relatives’ narratives. Social protection is highlighted, as fundamental, amid the perversity and violence of the capitalist accumulation model - being an instrument that serves the reproduction of capital, but which, in a dialectical process, is also a working-class achievement. The prevailing perspectives, in a neoliberal scenario, on the role/participation of families in the implementation of the protection system in Brazil, present themselves with Familial and Welfare Pluralism bias, which match the processes of accountability of individuals and families for their protection. These prisms and configurations of social protection, have implications over the application of the fostering measures in relation to children and adolescents and the protection of families. Therefore, this study brings out life trajectories permeated by processes of rights violations and social deprotection, where, often, the reception of children and adolescents is the result of this process. Moreover, the measure of institutional home is perceived ambiguously by family members: it emerges as a protection, which guarantees access to services and goods that families cannot afford; As well as something that "doesn’t bring good things"; and is given as a punishment for behavior. Finally, it is pointed out the need to take a close look at the families of these children and teenagers in the institutional home, to understand their life trajectories, which rights violations have been and are experienced by them and how the social protection, while a system, meets their needs and guarantees the conditions for the children and adolescents to have the right to stay in the family. With that in mind, it is possible to build strategies, together with the relatives in order to overcome possible vulnerabilities and social risks and therefore strengthen their protective capacities.

During our life, there comes a lot of situations which we have to deal with and which need to solve. Such situations as decease, invalidism, health disability, poorness, job loose or loneliness. Some of these situations we are able to handle ourselves, some of them with help of family members or friends, but we are not able to handle all of the events and we are not able to secure basic life needs. In such situations, help of the state in context of its social politics, is needed. Social politics in Czech republic is divided in three branches ? next to social insurance we have state and social support and social help which is mentioned as the third branch of social protection. System of social help constructs certain standard where its basic part is about individuals rights to live his life. Social help is realized by services and social benefits. Between social benefits is also included contribution for social care that is served to individuals dependent on help of another physical being and that is topic of this dissertation. Person is considered as dependent on help from another person in four grades ? from light to full dependence. In order of dependence level and the dependent person age the amount of benefit is derived. Between the receivers of social benefits are included seniors and disabled people. By providing the benefits, the state participates in social service realization that are administered at home or in social service institutions.

Nas últimas décadas do século passado, a questão da previdência-convertida em tema fundamental da agenda política mundial -tornou-se um dos principais alvos da ofensiva restauradora do neoliberalismo.As transformações societárias, a reestruturação dos processos de trabalho, pleno emprego, sistemas públicos de proteção social, regulação sócio-estatal e os pactos sócios - políticos parecem estar em contradição com as novas tendências da acumulação mundialmente articuladas. Neste cenário o grande desafio está em responder as questões emergentes das novas configurações do mundo do trabalho, na superação do pragmatismo imposto pelas transformações ocorridas no sistema de produção capitalista.Assim sendo a presente tese é fruto do reconhecimento de como nos últimos anos , os programas e as políticas dos sucessivos governos elegeram a contra-reforma da Previdência como necessidade imperiosa de um vasto campo de intervenção, se constituindo numa rica experiência de análise e contradições na relação Estado/sociedade. O objetivo de nosso estudo será a modificação substancial ocorrida nos sistemas próprios de previdência e os impactos desta relação na Fiocruz. Esta série de inquietações nos levou a investigar sobre os novos cenários da ofensiva neoliberal do ajuste, aprofundando a maneira como a transformação previdenciária tornou público o reverso da moeda, ou seja, evidenciaram os aspectos da política desgastados pelo desequilíbrio das contas publicas. / During the last decads of the past century, the matter of converted welfare in a fundamental theme of the world policy agenda has become one of the main target on the offensive restored of the enoliberalism. The society transformation,the new atructure of the labor process, full employment, public systemes of social protection, state-owned regular basis and assistant political agreements seem to be in contradiction to the new tendences of the world articuled accumulation. Over this prospect the big challeng is asking the main questions of the new ways of the labor world, overcoming the real facts obliged for the changes occured in the capitalist system of production.Like this, the study is the result tostate that the public sphere, besides a vast camp of interventiion, constitutes itself a rich experience of analysis and contradictions in the relation Estate/society. The purpose of this study wil be the substantial change occurried in the very same systems of the welfare and the impacts of this connectio with Fiocruz. This series of anxieties led us to investigate about the impact of the adjusts, getting deeper in the maner how the welfare changes become public the reverse, I mean, it proves the aspects of the polis wated for the lost of the balance of the public accounts.