This study aims to explore the English 5 syllabus in relation to what aspects of English are covered and what changes were introduced in the new 2022 version of the upper-secondary-school English 5 course in Sweden. Another aim is to compare and contrast the new English syllabus with the attitudes, practical implementation and priorities and non-priorities of Swedish upper secondary school teachers of English towards the new English 5 syllabus. The method used in this study was a semi-structured interview and the data analysis method was qualitative content analysis. The study found that only very few meaningful changes were made to the English syllabus and it further found that none of the interviewed teachers felt that the changes to the syllabus had affected their teaching. Teachers perceived the reformed English 5 syllabus to be much about the same things that are stated therein and stated different priorities depending on their teaching situation and the student groups they taught. Three out of the four participants stated having both particular priorities and non-priorities in their teaching. The findings of this study were in accordance with the theoretical background and previous research in the field. The findings of this study are relevant as they provide a clear description of the reformed syllabus and its educational consequences for teachers to utilise in order to better understand how to implement the changes to their teaching. Additionally, it may encourage state agencies to take teachers' perceptions and experiences into account when making policy decisions.

At the turn of the century, photographers started a transition from analogue to digital photography: a transition which took years to complete. The photographic landscape is now in a new period of development, with new AI-programs based on machine learning. These programs can be about (I) editing programs that aim to streamline the photographic workflow or correct pictures with technical flaws, such as reducing grain from a high ISO or enlarging pictures. The programs also incorporate (II) AI generated images based on prompting from an AI-artist, so called text-to-image programs like DALL-E 3, Midjourney, Stable Diffusion and Firefly 2. In this study we have done seven semi-structured interviews with Swedish photographers. We have used a postphenomenological theory based on Don Ihde’s philosophy. In analyzing the material from the interviews we have used narrative analysis. The results showed that photographers who worked in advertising, with organizations or clients had a higher tolerance for image manipulation with (II). These photographers valued effectiveness in their workflow and saw a larger need to adapt to new technology. While nature photographers valued authenticity and used (I) sparingly. Another result from the study was that Swedish photographers do not consider (II) photography and do not think that AI generated images should be allowed to compete in photo competitions, only in certain categories with only AI generated images.

Detta examensarbete behandlar hur olika företag reducerar ställtider samt hur de förhåller sig tillvarandra och beskriven teori. Problemområden som detta arbete behandlar är huvudsakligen standardiserad arbetssätt, produktionsplanering samt rengöring och underhåll. Arbetet går främst ut på att analysera tillvägagångssätten, faktorer samt metoder som bidrar till hur företag reducerar ställtider. Med hjälp av semistrukturerade intervjuer med fyra olika företag gjordes en litteraturstudie som stöd till de olika problemområden som företagen brottas med. Genomförande av kodning som går hand i hand med semistrukturerade intervjuer som var till hjälp för att få en tydligare helhetsbild över företagens syn på hur ställtider reduceras men gjorde det även enklare att hitta samband och mönster i förhållande till de problem som bidrar till ställtider. En analys och jämförelse gjordes mellan de fyra olika företagen för att se hur de eliminerar de problem som uppstår i produktionen. Det kunde påvisas att det rådde både likheter och olikheter bland företagen. De främsta likheterna var hur företagen eliminerade problemområden som uppstod. De olikheter som fanns bland de olika företagen kunde knytas till ledningens kunskap om just ställtidsreduktion, det rådde olika kunskapsnivåer. En annat viktig faktor som bidrog till olikheter bland företagen var deras storlek i volym som i sin tur även påverkar produktionsförmågan. / This thesis deals with how different companies reduce downtime and how they relate to each other and described theory. Problem areas that this work deals with are mainly standardized working methods, production planning and cleaning and maintenance. The work is mainly about analyzing approaches, factors and methods that contribute to how companies reduce downtime. With the help of semi-structured interviews with four different companies, a literature study was conducted to support the different problem areas that the companies struggle with. Implementation of coding that goes hand in hand with semi-structured interviews that was helpful in gaining a clearer overall picture of companies' views on how set-up times are reduced, but also made it easier to find connections and patterns in relation to the problems that contribute to set-up times. An analysis and comparison was made between the four different companies to see how they eliminate the problems that arise in production. It could be shown that there were both similarities and differences among the companies. The main similarities were how the companies eliminated problem areas that arose. The differences that existed among the different companies could be linked to the management's knowledge of downtime reduction, there were different levels of knowledge. Another important factor that contributed to differences among companies was their size in volume, which in turn also affects production capacity.

The thesis describes business magazines in the Czech Republic, association of publishers, national awards, specialized publishing agencies. Special attention is focused on surveys of business magazines that have been carried out up to now. The situation on the market of business magazines in Great Britain is briefly described for comparison purpose. As an example of a present-day business magazine, the B2B periodical called Elit magazín was selected. To describe the way of its production, a half-structured interview was carried out. To describe the opinion on the side of the producing company a structured interview was carried out, for description of the readers'opinion a questionnaire survey was chosen. The output is the comparison of both opinions. Because the producing company is a part of multinational company, where some other countries produce business magazines as well, a mapping of time-proven solution of the Volvo Trucks multinational company magazine named Globetrotter Czech is carried out. In the conclusion both productions are compared with intention to sketch out a theoretical potential of the multinational periodical. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

The thesis is focused on research for children's understanding of social stratification on secondary school. The aim is the diagnoses of children's understanding on the topic of social stratification - finding the reflection of class inequalities, interpretation of the causes of social stratification, own evaluation of the society and ideas of social mobility. In the first part was defined the theoretical base of the thesis - the concept of social stratification and basic scientific theories of social stratification, constructivism, children's understanding of the world. Also were presented foreign and home research for understanding of social stratification. In the second part were defined methodological basis of the thesis and were presented the results of a qualitative research for children's understanding using the method of the depth semi-structured interview. The research results suggested that students understand the topic of social stratification and reflect it in a different way. KEYWORDS: constructivism, preconcept, children's understanding, social stratification, qualitative research, semi-structured interview

AND KEY WORDS Social - pedagogical goals of community project concerning minorities Key words: Community, community work, community project, minority, social - pedagogical goals, semi-structured interview, field examine The theme of this thesis is community projects in the Czech Republic and their socio- pedagogical goals. The nature of work is theoretical work and research. In the theoretical part are defined basic concepts like community, community work, community project, minority and examples of organizations working with minorities through community projects. Research is based on semi-structured interviews within field examine, which introduces a view to Organisation Český západ, public participation in the implementation of community projects, what projects are highly relevant, to the skills acquired and in what situations seek the services of this organization in 2015. Their utterances are analyzed and interpreted in relation to individual objectives of this work. On the basis of this examine it was found that for informants was important to by employed. The conclusion summarizes the information from the interviews. Further value added of this thesis is the authentic assessment of direct participants in community projects and personal acquaintance with the opinion spectrum of the population...

Syftet med denna studie är att få insikt kvinnliga slagverkslärares syn på villkor för kvinnliga slagverkselevers musicerande. Studien genomförs utifrån genusteorier och med utgångspunkt i ett socialkonstruktivistiskt perspektiv. Datamaterialet samlades in genom sex semistrukturerade kvalitativa intervjuer, varav en fungerade som pilotintervju. Intervjuerna transkriberades och därefter gjordes en tematisk analys av materialet. Resultatet visar att de intervjuade lärarna förespråkar vikten av kvinnliga förebilder och deras representation i media. Utöver kvinnor lyfts även familjemedlemmar fram som förebilder, vilka potentiellt kan ha inverkan på elevernas instrumentval och fortsatta musicerande. Enligt lärarna i föreliggande studie ställs slagverkare inför olika typer av svårigheter, vilka yttrar sig på olika vis, beroende på om de är tjejer eller killar. Prestationskrav och sociala jargonger är exempel på detta / The main purpose of this study is to examine female percussion teachers view on the challenges of being a female percussion student. The theoretical basis of the study is gender theories and social constructionism. Data was collected from six semi-structured interviews whereof one was used as a pilot interview. The interviews were transcribed and thereafter thematic analysis was used to examine the data. The results show that the female teachers all advocate the importance of female role models and the way they are depicted in the media. Family members are also highlighted as important and influential role models concerning the pupils’ choice of instrument or continued musicing. The teachers in this study are of the opinon that percussionists, depending on their gender, face different challenges. As an example, they mention performance anxiety and social tendencies.

Olyckor med polisfordon fortsätter att öka. Litet är dock känt om polisers egna upplevelser av kritiska händelser under utryckningskörning. För att bidra till ökad förståelse för utryckningskörning var studiens syfte att undersöka hur poliser beskriver sina upplevelser av utryckningsförloppet. I denna studie använde vi oss av en semistrukturerad intervjuguide för att undersöka hur fem poliser berättade om sina upplevelser. Genom narrativ analys av intervjuerna studerades likheter och skillnader av kritiska händelser under utryckningskörning. Vi identifierade fem återkommande teman, så kallade typnarrativ: viljan att fånga, att köra fort, att det är känsligt att kritisera kollegors utryckningskörning, att bedöma när höga hastigheter är befogade, samt att hitta balansen i utryckningskörningen för att uppleva kontroll. Dessa fem typnarrativ gav en god förståelse för hur poliserna berättade om oväntade händelser som skapat riskfyllda situationer i deras tjänsteutövning. Likheter i berättelserna gällde främst beteende och attityder. Skillnaderna bestod framförallt i omständigheter, exempelvis hur utryckningen startade och vilken information poliserna fick eller inte fick under utryckningen. Skillnaderna kopplades till möjliga konsekvenser av utryckningen utifrån teorier om beslutsfattande, riskmedvetenhet och skadeprevention. Vidare indikerade resultaten att upplevelsen av utryckningskörning var dynamisk och varierade med kontextuella förhållanden. / Accidents with police vehicles continue to increase. However, little is known about the police's own experiences of critical events during emergency driving. To contribute to increased understanding of emergency driving, the study's purpose was to investigate how policemen describe their experiences of the emergency driving. In this study, we used a semistructured interview guide to investigate how five policemen talked about their experiences. Through narrative analysis of the interviews, similarities and differences of critical events during emergency driving were investigated. We identified five recurring themes, so-called narrative types: the will to capture, to drive fast, difficulties in questioning a colleague's driving style, deciding when high speeds are justified, and finding the balance in emergency driving to experience control. These five types gave a good understanding of how the policemen talked about unexpected events that created risky situations in their service. Similarities in the stories mostly concerned behaviors and attitudes. The differences consisted mainly of circumstances, such as how the start-up began and what information the police received or did not receive during the reprisal. The differences were linked to the possible consequences of the expression based on theories of decision making, risk awareness and injury prevention. Furthermore, the results indicated that the experience of emergency driving was dynamic and varied with contextual conditions.

Syftet med studien är att undersöka fiollärares syn på och användning av stråkteknik i sin undervisning. Detta görs med följande forskningsfrågor: Hur representerar fiollärare sin syn på stråkteknik? och Hur designar fiollärare sin undervisning i stråkteknik? Studien är kvalitativ och data har samlats in genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med fyra olika fiollärare på musik- och kulturskolor. Studiens teoretiska utgångspunkt utgörs av socialsemiotiskt perspektiv. Intervjuerna ljudinspelades och även videodokumenterades för att sedan transkriberas och analyseras med hjälp av analysverktyg från det valda teoretiska ramverket. I studiens resultat beskrivs fiollärarnas syn på stråkteknik samt hur de designar sin undervisning i stråkteknik. De teman som presenteras är stråkteknik som tonbildning, stråkteknik som hållning, stråkteknik som instrumentteknik, materiella resurser i undervisningen samtkroppsliga och klingande resurser i undervisningen.I resultatet framkommer många skillnader men även likheter i de intervjuade fiollärarnas utsagor, men alla belyser stråkteknikens betydelse i undervisningen och dess funktion. I studiens avslutande kapitel diskuteras resultatet i förhållande till tidigare litteratur och forskning samt till studiens socialsemiotiska perspektiv. De teman som presenteras är undervisning ur ett socialsemiotiskt perspektiv samt stråkteknik kopplat till stråkhållning och tonbildning. Det tas även upp om metoddiskussion, arbetets betydelse samt fortsatt forskning. / The purpose of the study is to investigate violin teachers’ view of and use of bowing technique in their teaching. The study´s research questions concern how do violin teachers represent their view of bow technique? And how do violin teachers design their teaching in bow technique? The study is qualitative, and data has been collected through semi structured interviews with four different violin teachers at music and cultural schools. The theoretical starting point of the study is social semiotic perspective. The interviews were recorded by audio and video and were then transcribe and analyzed. The analysis was conducted with tools from the chosen theoretical framework. In the study's results, the violin teachers' view of bow technique is described and how they design their teaching in bow technique. The themes presented are string techniques such as tone formation, bow technique such as posture, bow technique such as instrument technology, material resources in teachingandbodily and sounding resources in teaching. The result shows many differences but also similarities in the interviewed violin teachers' statements, but all highlight the significance of the bow technique in teaching and its function. In the final chapter of the study, the result is discussed in relation to previous literature and research, and to the social semiotic perspective of the study. The themes presented are teaching from a social semiotic perspectiveand bow technique linked to posture and tone formation. The method discussion, the importance of work and continued research is also mentioned.

Correctional officers work in a coercive environment and as such they are confronted with various challenges on a daily basis. Research found that the unique stressors that correctional officers experience result in stress which can negatively impact their physical and psychological health as well as their family life. However, limited research has been conducted to identify the stressors that are relevant to the South African correctional officer. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate South African correctional officers’ lived experiences of their work and work environment and the Employee Assistance Programme and the meaning they attached to them. Purposive and snowball sampling techniques were utilised to select the 20 participants from the two correctional centres of the Department of Correctional Services in Worcester, Western Cape. The sample consisted of 11 male and 9 female correctional officers between the ages of 26 and 56 years with a mean age of 43.4. A qualitative approach was utilised to obtain in-depth insights into the lived experiences and attributed meanings of participants. Individual interviews were conducted with the participants by utilising a semi-structured interview guide. A demographic questionnaire was completed by each participant after the interview. The interviews were audio-recorded with the written permission of each participant and transcribed for analysis. Through the use of Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) 7 themes were identified namely: (a) confronting various challenges on a daily basis (b) various dimensions of correctional officers life affected (c) neglect of correctional officers’ well-being (d) coping mechanisms (e) barriers preventing corrections officers from utilising the EAP (f) a recognition of the positive value of the EAP (g) personal meaning derived from work. In addition, the themes consist of various subthemes. The findings of the study suggest that correctional officers are confronted with various challenges on a daily basis, which include lack of input into decision making, lack of support from management, lack of trust in management, pressure caused by staff shortages, lack of resources, inadequate training opportunities and a lack of promotion system. Furthermore, participants revealed that their work and work environment had a negative impact on their physical and psychological health as well as their family life. In addition, participants reported that aspects of their well-being are neglected which include a lack of interest from management in their problems, a lack of recognition and motivation from management as well as a lack of team-building opportunities. Various coping mechanisms were utilised by the participants which seems to act as a buffer against the negative effects of their stressful work and work environment. These coping mechanisms include conflict resolution and communication skills, religion, sport, positive thinking, resilience as well as family and co-worker support. A variety of barriers that prevent participants from using the EAP service that are offered at work were identified. These barriers indicated by the participants included a lack of trust in the EAP, the stigma attached to using the EAP, difficulty relating with the EAP practitioner, a negative perception of the EAP, and insufficient marketing of the EAP. Despite the barriers, participants recognised the overall positive value of the EAP service in the Department of Correctional Service. Participants appear to find meaning in their work. Some participants expressed the satisfaction that they experienced from their job while others expressed the sense of reward that they experience from their job. Recommendations for further research include the evaluation of the EAP programme to determine its effectiveness on a national level, more involvement from management in ground floor correctional officers, providing additional teambuilding oppertunities and reintroducing Wellness Days. A limitation of the study is that only a small sample of correctional officers limited to two correctional facilities in Worcester, Western Cape, was used. Therefore, the findings of the study could not be generalised to the whole population of South African correctional officers. / Psychology