Bakgrund: Polycystiskt ovarialsyndrom (PCOS) innebär en hormonell obalans och drabbar cirka 10% av världens kvinnor. Obalansen ger upphov till symtom såsom oregelbunden mens, polycystiska äggstockar, överrepresentation av androgent hormon, övervikt, hirsutism och ger också förhöjd risk för andra allvarliga följdsjukdomar. Globalt sett har en enhetlig diagnostisering varit utmanande att uppnå då syndromet ter sig mångsidigt och komplext. Sjuksköterskan har ett etiskt ansvar i att vårda efter begreppet personcentrerad vård samt kunna förse patienter med välbehövlig och relevant information om sin hälsa. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva kvinnors erfarenheter av att leva med PCOS. Metod: En litteraturöversikt utifrån tio vetenskapliga originalartiklar hämtade från databaserna PubMed och Cinahl Complete. Resultat: Följande teman och underteman framkom: Erfarenheter och påverkan av symtom, upplevelse av kvinnlig identitet med underrubriken kulturell påverkan samt erfarenheter av mötet med vården med underrubriken stöttning. Slutsats: PCOS är ett komplext syndrom som påverkar kvinnor fysiskt, psykiskt och socialt negativt. Syndromet påverkar kvinnornas självbild och hur de ser på sin kvinnliga identitet. Vården behöver mer förståelse och utbildning i hur de på bästa sätt kan bemöta och främja hälsan hos kvinnor med PCOS. / Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal imbalance and affects approximately 10 % of women worldwide. This imbalance leads to symptoms such as irregular menstruation, polycystic ovaries, overrepresentation of androgen hormone, obesity, hirsutism and also increases the risk of other serious sequelae. Achieving a unified diagnosis has globally been challenging due to the syndrome’s multifaceted and complex nature. Nurses have an ethical responsibility to provide care, based on the concept of person-Centered care and to also be able to provide essential and relevant information to patients concerning their health. Aim: The aim was to describe women's experiences living with PCOS Method: A literature review was made based on ten scientific original articles collected from the databases PubMed and Cinahl Complete. Results: The following themes and subthemes emerged for the result: Experiences and impact of symptoms, experience of female identity with subheading cultural influence, and experiences and encounters with healthcare with subheading support. Conclusions: PCOS is a complex syndrome that negatively impacts women physically, mentally and socially. The syndrome affects women's self image and how they perceive their feminine identity. Healthcare professionals require further understanding and education on how to address and promote the health of women with PCOS, in the best way.

Bakgrund Mer än tio miljoner människor i världen lever med Parkinsons sjukdom, och prevalensen ökar med en åldrande befolkning. Parkinsons sjukdom är en kronisk neurologisk sjukdom som medför en mängd funktionsnedsättande symtom, både motoriska och icke-motoriska, vilka har stor påverkan på en persons dagliga liv. Den medicinska behandling som finns kan endast lindra symtom delvis och därför finns det ett behov av komplementära behandlingar, exempelvis musikterapi, som kan lindra symtom hos personer med Parkinsons sjukdom. Syfte Syftet med denna litteraturstudie är att belysa musikterapi i form av sång som symtomlindrande omvårdnadshandling vid Parkinsons sjukdom. Metod Studiedesignen är en icke-systematisk litteraturöversikt. Totalt 15 vetenskapliga artiklar inkluderades, däribland 13 kvantitativa och 2 kvalitativa. Resultatet sammanställdes i form av en integrerad analys. Resultat Två huvudkategorier, motoriska och icke-motoriska symtom, samt sex underkategorier till dessa identifierades i studien. Resultatet visade positiva effekter av sångterapi på såväl motoriska som icke-motoriska symtom. Förbättringar av motoriska symtom gällde framför allt kommunikations- och talförmåga. En viss förbättring av sväljförmåga och gångförmåga observerades dock.  Vad gäller icke-motoriska symtom så framkom ett flertal positiva effekter på psykisk, social och existentiell hälsa/livskvalitet; sångterapi visade sig kunna förbättra humör och minska depressiva symtom, oro/ångest, stress och apati. Dessutom hittades förbättringar vad gäller förmågan och viljan att socialisera sig med andra. Slutsats Resultatet av denna studie visar att sångterapi kan ha en symtomlindrande funktion i omvårdnaden av personer med Parkinsons sjukdom vad gäller såväl motoriska som icke-motoriska symtom. De huvudsakliga symtomlindrande effekterna av sångterapi gällde tal och kommunikation samt psykisk, social och existentiell hälsa/ livskvalitet. Dock behövs mer omfattande studier inom området, särskilt RCT-studier. / Background More than ten million people around the world are living with Parkinson’s disease, and the prevalence is increasing with an ageing population. Parkinson’s disease is a chronic neurological disease that entails a variety of functional impairments. the symptoms are motor as well as non-motor, all of which have a large impact on a person’s daily life. The existing medical treatment can relieve symptoms only partly; on account of this there is a need of complementary treatments, for example music therapy, for added symptom relief. Aim The aim of this literature review is to illustrate music therapy by singing as a symptom relieving nursing act. Method The study design is a non-systematic literature review. A total of 15 scientific articles were included, 13 quantitative studies and 2 qualitative studies. The result was compiled in the form of an integrative analysis. Results Two main categories, motor, and non-motor symptoms, and six subcategories were identified. Results of this study shows positive effects of singing therapy on motor and non-motor symptoms.  Improvements of motor symptoms mainly concerned communication and speech abilities. Some improvement of swallowing abilities and gait function could be observed.  Regarding non-motor symptoms several positive effects were displayed for mental, social, and existential health/quality of life; singing therapy improved temper and reduced depressive symptoms, anxiety, stress, and apathy. Improvements regarding the ability and will to socialize with other people were also found. Conclusions This study shows that singing therapy could have a symptom relieving function in nursing care for individuals with Parkinson´s disease, for both motor and non-motor symptoms. The main symptom relieving effects concerned communication and speech abilities and mental, social, and existential health/quality of life. However, there is a need for further studies, especially randomized controlled studies.

No description available.

Psykisk ohälsa är ett globalt ökande folkhälsoproblem bland den unga befolkningen och i synnerhet bland flickor. Det har blivit allt vanligare att barn och unga söker vård för besvär som huvudvärk, magont, oro och ångest, men även för allvarligare former av psykisk ohälsa som depression har ökat. Detta belyser ett behov av insatser som ämnar främja barn och ungas psykiska hälsa. Stress har synliggjorts som en orsak till den ökade psykiska ohälsan. Således är syftet med denna studie att undersöka förekomst, könsskillnader samt potentiella samband mellan stress och psykisk ohälsa, i form av psykosomatiska besvär och depressiva symptom, bland ungdomar i Västmanlands län. Sekundärdata från enkätundersökningen Liv och Hälsa Ung 2012 användes och studien genomfördes med en kvantitativ ansats. Känsla av sammanhang (KASAM) och krav-kontroll-stödmodellen användes som två teoretiska verktyg för att förstå sambandet mellan stress och psykisk ohälsa. Resultatet visar att psykosomatiska besvär, depressiva symptom och stress är vanligt förekommande bland ungdomar i Västmanland, med överrepresentation bland flickor. Det finns också signifikanta samband mellan att ofta vara stressad och ökade psykosomatiska besvär respektive depressiva symptom. En slutsats som kan dras är att stress och psykisk ohälsa är ett utbrett problem bland ungdomar i Västmanland och i synnerhet bland flickor. / Mental illness is a worldwide growing public health problem among the young population and particularly among girls. It has become increasingly common for children and young people seeking care for health problems such as headaches, stomach pain, worry and anxiety, but also more serious forms of mental illness such as depression have increased. This highlights the need for interventions that intend to promote children's and young people's mental health. Stress, mainly school-related, has been highlighted as a cause for the increase in mental illness. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence, gender differences and the potential relation between stress and mental illness, in the form of psychosomatic problems and depressive symptoms, among adolescents in Västmanland. Secondary data from the Survey of Adolescent Life in Västmanland 2012 was used and the study was performed using a quantitative approach. Sense of coherence (SOC) and demand- control-support model was used as two theoretical tools to understand the relation between stress and mental illness. The results show that psychosomatic problems, depressive symptoms and stress are common among adolescents in Västmanland, where girls are overrepresented in all respects. The results also show significant relations between often being stressed and increased psychosomatic problems and depressive symptoms. One conclusion that can be drawn is that stress and mental illness is a widespread problem among young people in Västmanland and especially among girls.

The present study is a comparison of music and non-music students with respect to their response patterns on the Brief Symptom Inventory as well as several demographic questions. The sample consisted of 148 non-music students and 141 music students at three levels: (1) freshmen/sophomore; (2) juniors/seniors; and (3) graduate students. Music students consisted of volunteers from several different music classes and non-music students were volunteers from non-music classes. There were no significant differences found among or between groups for the BSI subscales. However, music students were significantly less likely to have gone to counseling in the past and to seek professional counseling for future problems. Recommendations for psycho-educational interventions with musicians are discussed as well as suggestions for future research.

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop, evaluate, and standardize a short form of the well-established Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire (EDE-Q). The newly developed EDE-Q8 was required to reflect the originally postulated structure of the EDE-Q. Method: Data were drawn from two nationwide representative population surveys in Germany: a survey conducted to develop the EDE-Q8 in 2009 (N = 2520); and a survey conducted in 2013 (N = 2508) for the evaluation and calculation of EDE-Q8 percentiles. Results: The EDE-Q8 had excellent item characteristics, very good reliability and a very good model fit for the postulated second-order factorial structure. Furthermore, a strong correlation between the EDE-Q8 and a 13 item short form of the Eating Attitudes Test was observed. Discussion: The EDE-Q8 appears to be particularly suitable in epidemiological research, when an economical assessment of global eating disorder psychopathology is required.

Depuis les travaux de Freud sur le malaise dans la culture et la psychologie collective, les psychanalystes s’interrogent sur ce qui « tient les sujets ensemble », le lien social. Les scènes politiques et sociales de la modernité, liées à l’avènement du discours capitaliste, poussent à se demander : avec quels concepts, de quel point de vue et avec quelle position éthique les psychanalystes peuvent interroger le lien social ? La recherche explore la spécificité de la notion de lien social dans le cadre conceptuel et pratique propre au discours psychanalytique. Elle s’origine d’une préoccupation pour les conditions de possibilités de l’acte analytique. Elle se déplie autour d’une réflexion sur le déterminisme Réel, Symbolique et Imaginaire des dimensions subjectives, en s’efforçant d’estimer au mieux ce qui conditionne le sujet et ce qui relève de sa propre réponse à la structure : le symptôme. Une traversée des cliniques de l’amour, de la mélancolie et de la détresse, fait point d’appui pour explorer les échecs et les reprises du rapport à l’Autre. Des propositions sont faites concernant une « pensée de la modernité » : la condition anthropologique de l’individu et l’incondition du sujet ; le rejet de la castration dans le discours du capitalisme ; l’idéologie du « déclin du Père » ; les échecs de la construction du symptôme et les pathologies de la détresse. L’auteur soutient l’importance de penser ce que la psychanalyse peut dire dans le lien social plutôt que du lien social. Cette approche permettrait de situer le discours psychanalytique dans la modernité, loin des théories du déclin et plus proche d’un abord accueillant de l’inédit. / Since Freud’s work on the malaise in culture and collective psychology, psychoanalysts have been questioning what “holds subjects together”, the social link. The political and social sceneries of modernity, stemming from the advent of the capitalist discourse, leads to wonder : with which concepts, from which standpoint and with which ethical stance psychoanalysts can question the social link ? This research examines the specificity of the notion in the conceptual and practical framework of the psychoanalytic discourse. It opens with a questioning of the conditions of possibility of the analytic act. It unfolds around a reflection on the Real, Symbolic and Imaginary determinism of the subjective aspects, attempting to estimate as best as possible what influences the subject and what falls into their own response to the structure, the symptom. An exploration of the theory and phenomenology of love, melancholy and distress serves as a reference point to investigate failures and resumptions of the relationship to the Other. Proposals are made with regards to a “thought of modernity”: the anthropological condition of the individual and the uncondition of the subject; the rejection of castration in the discourse of capitalism; the ideology of “the decline of the Father”; the failures in the construction of the symptom and the pathologies of distress. The author maintains that it is important to conceive what psychoanalysis has to say within the social link rather than about the social link. This approach would allow situating the psychoanalytic discourse within modernity, far from theories of decline and closer to an inviting access to the unprecedented.

O desenvolvimento desta pesquisa é fruto da experiência psicanalítica junto ao Ambulatório de Transtornos Somatoformes (SOMA) do Instituto de Psiquiatria do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (IPq-HCFMUSP), um setor que funciona, desde 2009, para receber os casos advindos do complexo hospitalar ou da rede pública, nos quais a questão subjetiva ganha relevo a partir de possíveis causas orgânicas. As manifestações são de alguma forma agravadas ou oriundas de conflitos psíquicos. Desde a quinta edição do Manual Diagnóstico e Estatístico de Transtornos Mentais (DSM-V-2013), tais pacientes são classificados como Transtornos de Sintomas Somáticos e Transtornos Relacionados. A tese confronta as inquietações clínicas de dez anos (2009-2018) de trabalho como analista no SOMA e indagações teóricas que foram sendo buscadas do que se trata, como se trata e o que se trata? Quatro eixos estruturam a condução da pesquisa e sua escrita: a) como os sistemas classificatórios definem os Transtornos Somatoformes (TS) e os Sintomas Somáticos; b) como são possíveis aproximações entre as duas categorias e a leitura psicanalítica; c) como os profissionais de outras instituições lidam com estes mal-estares; d) como entendo a subjetividade destes pacientes. A literatura médica responde, em linhas gerais, que, fundamentalmente, o vínculo médico-paciente configura-se como a maior potência para cuidar dos que adoecem, tendo-se mostrado produtiva a articulação entre a psiquiatria e a psicanálise. A experiência clínica corrobora os achados científicos. Quando admitidas no serviço, as pessoas são convidadas a falarem de seu sofrimento e suas histórias evidenciam vidas marcadas pela violência física, sexual e/ou psicológica, associadas à restrições de afeto. A escuta e a disponibilidade dos profissionais da equipe tende a fazer a diferença com relação aos que se encontram aferrados à rotina hospitalar em busca de exames, de atenção, de nomes e de compreensão de si e de seus corpos. Noção de trauma, dificuldade simbólica, flexibilidade do setting, empatia, vínculo, nomeação, contratransferência são valiosos para o entendimento e o cuidado destes pacientes e para o enfrentamento desta clínica que se mostra complexa e desafiadora aos que dela se ocupam. Freud e Ferenczi, dentre outros, são vitais para a tarefa. A aposta é que ao dispor da escuta do analista o paciente pode criar uma nova narrativa a propósito de sua vida e das dimensões clínicas de seu sofrimento. Tal narrativa, como aquelas com as quais nos constituímos, passa a ter papel estruturante nas transformações dos sintomas e na condução da própria existência. Dentre os efeitos do trabalho assim conduzido no ambulatório pode-se também observar a prevenção de riscos e de iatrogenias / The development of this research is the result of the psychoanalytic experience at the Somatoform Disorders Ambulatory (SOMA) of the Institute of Psychiatry of the Clinical Hospital of the Medical School of the University of São Paulo (IPq-HCFMUSP). Since 2009 the SOMA treats cases from the hospital and public network, in which subjective issues are highlighted by possible organic causes. The patients manifestations are all in some way aggravated or derived from psychic conflicts. Since the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V-2013), such patients are classified with Somatic Symptom Disorders and Related Disorders. The thesis confronts questions derived from ten years (2009 2018) of work experience as an analyst at SOMA Ambulatory Care and the theoretical questions that have been investigated what is it, what is it about, and how to treat it? Four facets structured the conduction of the research and its writing: a) how do the classificatory systems define Somatic Symptom Disorders (SSD) and the Somatoform Disorders; b) what are the possible approximations between the two categories and the psychoanalytic reading; c) how do professionals from other institutions deal with these malaise; d) how do I understand the subjectivity of these patients. The medical literature shows, in general, that the doctor-patient-relationship fundamentally appears as the greatest power while taking care of those who fall ill, and indicates that the relationship between psychiatry and psychoanalysis is productive. And clinical experience corroborates the scientific results. When admitted in the services of the ambulatory, people are invited to talk about their suffering and their stories evidence lives marked by physical, sexual and/or psychological violence in association with affection restrictions. Listening and availability of team professionals tends to make difference in relation to those who are stuck in the hospital routine searching for examinations, attention, terms, and understanding of themselves and their bodies. The notions of trauma, symbolic difficulty, flexibility of the setting, empathy, bonding, determination, countertransference are as valuable for the understanding and care of the patients as well as for the medical field that appears as complex and challenging to those who take care of it. Freud and Ferenczi, among others, are vital to the task. The expectation is that by providing the analysts listening the patient can create a new narrative about his life and the clinical dimensions of his suffering. Such a narrative, like those with which we are constituted, has a fundamental role in the transformation of symptoms and in the conduct of our own existence. Among the effects of the work conducted in the ambulatory one can also observe the prevention of risks and iatrogenies

Die Stimme ist reich an grundlegenden Kommunikationselementen: Sie transportiert Sprache, sowie auch paralinguistische Informationen, wie den emotionale Zustand und die Identität des Sprechers. Im Vergleich zur Sprach- und Emotionsverarbeitung ist die Stimmerkennung bei weitem weniger gut erforscht. Dies ist erstaunlich, angesichts der allgegenwärtigen Relevanz der stimmbasierten Personenerkennung. Ein Ansatz neue Erkenntnisse zur Stimmerkennung zu erlangen, ist die Untersuchung von Personen, die ein selektives Defizit in der Stimmerkennung aufweisen. Dieses Defizit wird Phonagnosie bezeichnet. In der vorliegenden Dissertation untersuche ich Personen, bei denen Phonagnosie nach einer Hirnschädigung aufgetreten ist (i.e. erworbene Phonagnosie) und Personen, bei denen Phonagnosie entwicklungsbedingt und nicht durch eine offensichtliche Hirnschädigung bedingt ist (i.e. entwicklungsbedingte Phonagnosie). Die zugrunde liegenden kognitiven, neuro-funktionalen und neuro-anatomischen Mechanismen der Phonagnosie habe ich detailliert mit Hilfe von umfangreichen Verhaltensuntersuchungen sowie funktionaler und struktureller Magnetresonanztomographie charakterisiert. Die Ergebnisse der Dissertation bereichern das derzeitige Stimmerkennungsmodel durch: (i) Neue Erkenntnisse darüber welche Gehirnregionen notwendig sind, um eine Stimme zu erkennen. (ii) Und durch die empirische Bekräftigung der Annahme, dass Stimmerkennung ein mehrstufiger kognitiver Prozess ist, der verschiedene Subformen der Phonagnosie bedingt. Darüber hinaus tragen neue wissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse zur Stimmerkennung maßgeblich dazu bei, praktische Anwendungsbereiche wie klinische Therapieprogramme und künstliche Stimmerkennungprogramme weiterzuentwickeln. / The voice contains elementary social communication cues: it conveys speech, as well as paralinguistic information pertaining to the emotional state or the identity of the speaker. In contrast to neuroscientific research on vocal-speech and vocal-emotion processing, voice-identity processing has been less explored. This seems surprising, given the day-to-day significance of person recognition by voice. A valuable approach to unravel how voice-identity processing is accomplished is to investigate people who have a selective deficit in voice recognition. Such a deficit has been termed phonagnosia. In the present dissertation, I investigate phonagnosia following brain damage (i.e. acquired phonagnosia), as well as phonagnosia cases without apparent brain lesion (i.e. developmental phonagnosia). I in-depth characterise the underlying cognitive, neural-functional, and neuro-anatomical mechanisms of phonagnosia by means of comprehensive behavioural testing as well as functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging. The findings of this dissertation inform the current model of voice-identity processing by (i) delivering novel evidence of brain regions that crucially contribute to voice-identity processing, and by (ii) emphasising the multistage nature of voice-identity processing. We showed that dysfunction at different cognitive stages results in behaviourally distinct phonagnosia sub-types. Generally, advanced scientific knowledge about voice-identity processing as provided in the current dissertation also propels practical applications such as clinical treatment programs and artificial voice-recognition systems.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:40:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sandra Rozenblit Tiferes.pdf: 602656 bytes, checksum: 56490a68667d487fd76bec38be03772c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-03-26 / The diagnosis of a chronic illness affects all spheres of a person's life, causing physical, social, family and professionals changes. In chronic infectious diseases of viral origin, current protocols and consensus towards treatment for infected individuals focus on fighting the virus and usually do not cover these situations, what makes it more difficult for the patient to withstand the treatment. In most cases, hepatitis C is not discovered by physical symptoms, but by blood donation or routine laboratorial tests. So there is a great impact when receiving this diagnosis, that seems to be repeated when the drug treatment is prescribed, and this can occur years after receiving the diagnosis. In this study, based on Lacanian psychoanalysis, a qualitative research has been carried out with the overall objective of providing a space for listening in order to: provide the emergence of a demand for psychoanalytical treatment, as when speaking, people who are infected can be aware of their stories, their signifying chain, fears, fantasies and anxieties, and therefore become less alienated and more active in the process they are experiencing; to understand the impact of the diagnosis for the person infected by the virus until the start of treatment with drugs; to demonstrate the possibility of contributions from a psychoanalyst in hospitals and wards. Five patients were followed up during a half year, before starting the treatment at the Clinic of Infectious Diseases of UNIFESP (Federal University of São Paulo). Semi-structured interviewing was used as an instrument for the first meeting to establish a transference relationship and provide the participants with an opportunity to familiarize with the proposed setting. In subsequent meetings it was used free association, main method of psychoanalysis. As a result it could be seen that for each individual, the diagnosis raises an unique matter that is connected to his life story, to his own chain of signifiers linked to primal repression, Law as interdiction, and the desire to establish himself as the desire of the Other. For Laura, the diagnosis recalls sexual abuse, aggression and death issues. For Mario the diagnosis brings back the matter of how to be a man that can please a woman, which has led him to drugs and consequently to the infection. Therefore, providing a space for listening allowed individual issues to surface and through analytical intervention it was possible to promote the involvement of each of the individuals with their own symptoms and treatment / O diagnóstico de uma doença crônica afeta todos os aspectos da vida de uma pessoa, acarretando mudanças físicas, sociais, familiares e profissionais. Nas doenças infecciosas crônicas de origem viral, os atuais protocolos e consensos de tratamento aos infectados concentram-se no combate ao vírus e geralmente não contemplam estas situações, o que torna ainda mais difícil para a pessoa suportar o tratamento. No caso da hepatite C o diagnóstico, na maioria das vezes, não é descoberto por sintomas físicos, mas por doação de sangue ou exames laboratoriais de rotina. Portanto há um impacto maior no recebimento deste diagnóstico, o que parece se repetir quando é necessário o início do tratamento medicamentoso que pode ocorrer anos após o recebimento deste diagnóstico. A partir da psicanálise lacaniana, neste estudo foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa com o objetivo geral de oferecer um espaço de escuta de modo a: surgir demanda para um atendimento psicanalítico, pois ao falar, as pessoas infectadas podem conhecer suas histórias, suas cadeias de significantes, medos, fantasias e angústias, podendo assim estar menos alienadas e mais ativas no processo que estão vivendo; apreender o impacto do diagnóstico na pessoa infectada pelo vírus até a necessidade de iniciar o tratamento medicamentoso; mostrar as possibilidades de contribuições de um psicanalista em hospitais e enfermarias. Foram acompanhados, durante um semestre, cinco usuários, antes de iniciarem o tratamento, no Ambulatório de Infectologia da UNIFESP. Foi utilizado como instrumento para o primeiro atendimento um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturada para o estabelecimento de um vínculo transferencial e fornecer aos participantes oportunidade para se familiarizarem com o setting proposto. Nos encontros subsequentes utilizou-se a associação livre, método fundamental da psicanálise. Como resultado pode-se perceber que para cada indivíduo, o diagnóstico levanta uma questão singular que tem ligação com sua história de vida com suas próprias cadeias de significantes ligadas ao recalque originário, à Lei como interdição, e ao desejo de se constituir como desejo do Outro. Para Laura, o diagnóstico retoma a questão do abuso sexual, agressividade e morte. Para Mário o diagnóstico retoma sua questão de como ser homem e agradar uma mulher o que o levou às drogas e consequentemente à infecção. Portanto, oferecer um espaço de escuta possibilitou que estas questões individuais pudessem surgir e pela intervenção analítica pôde ocorrer a implicação de cada um dos sujeitos no seu sintoma e tratamento