Through the broader contextualization of ethnographic fieldwork in Havana’s newly reformed housing market, this study theorizes the Cuban late socialist condition through a lens of utopian ideological conflict. A popular narrative of free market utopia has emerged in the face of the state’s recalcitrant ideology of state socialism. The popular narrative is reproduced through growth in the informal economy, while the socialist utopian narrative is maintained by the ubiquity of its bureaucratic apparatus. Inspired by postmodern theorist Jean Baudrillard’s Simulacra and Simulation (1994), this thesis theorizes the Cuban state narrative as an ideological simulation, supported only through its strongest simulacrum – the government bureaucracy. Previous work on Cuba has cited the importance of access to government-purchased goods to fuel the informal economy and individual wealth accumulation. This study highlights the reproduction of a narrative of free market utopia in the desire for access to transactions as intermediaries, particularly as the deals increase in hard currency value. The passage of Decreto-Ley Number 288, which authorized the buying and selling of homes has served to rapidly capitalize the market and encourage further development of an informal network of brokers. Greater economic hybridization in the housing sector, among others, is gradually eroding the totalizing nature of the state’s socialist utopia. / text

Den ingående mervärdesskatten som är hänförlig till förvärv som har ett direkt och ome- delbart samband med en från mervärdesskatt undantagen aktieöverlåtelse är inte avdrags- gill. Till följd av EU-domstolens avgörande i X BV och HFD:s avgörande i HFD 2014 ref. 1 står nu klart att kostnader hänförliga till en från mervärdesskatt undantagen aktieöverlå- telse också kan utgöra allmänna omkostnader, vilket medför att den ingående mervär- desskatten är avdragsgill i den mån förvärven har ett direkt och omedelbart samband med den samlade ekonomiska verksamheten eller en avgränsad del därav. Avgörandena i X BV och HFD 2014 ref. 1 innebär även att det nu står klart att en aktieö- verlåtelse kan utgöra en del i en verksamhetsöverlåtelse. För förvärv som gjorts i samband med en sådan transaktion är den ingående mervärdesskatten avdragsgill i sin helhet. Utredningen visar att eftersom det i HFD 2014 ref. 1 aldrig prövades om kostnaderna kunde anses utgöra allmänna omkostnader har underinstanserna såväl som Skatteverket inte fått ledning i hur bedömningen ska göras. Författaren anser att Skatteverket och un- derinstanserna i sin prövning av om kostnader för förvärv kan anses utgöra allmänna om- kostnader inte tar hänsyn till de EU-rättsliga principer som EU-domstolen har framhållit. Vidare anser författaren att rättsläget efter X BV och HFD 2014 ref. 1 innebär att den rätt till avdrag av ingående mervärdesskatt hänförlig till förvärv i samband med aktieöverlåtelser som svenska beskattningsbara personer ska erhålla enligt EU-rätt, synes skilja sig från den faktiska rätt som erhålls i praktiken. / The input VAT related to acquisitions made that have a direct and immediate link with a share transfer that constitute a transaction that is exempted from VAT, is not deductible. Due to the EU Court of Justice’s ruling in X BV and HFD:s ruling in HFD 2014 ref. 1 it is now clear that costs related to a share transfer exempted from VAT also can constitute overheads, with the result that the input VAT is deductible to the extent the acquisitions have a direct and immediate link with the whole economic activity or a clearly defined part of the economic activities. The rulings in X BV and HFD 2014 ref. 1 mean that it is now clear that a share transfer can be a part of a transfer of a totality of assets. For acquisitions made in connection with such a transfer, the input VAT is entirely deductible. The thesis shows that due to the fact that the ruling in HFD 2014 ref. 1 did not include a determination of if the costs in question could constitute overheads, the Swedish courts of lower instances as well as Skatteverket have not received any guidance on how the deter- mination is to be made. The author is of the opinion that the courts of lower instances and Skatteverket in their determination of whether costs related to acquisitions can constitute overheads do not consider the EU-law principles declared by the EU Court of Justice. Further, the author is of the opinion that the legal situation due to X BV and HFD 2014 ref. 1 mean that the right to deduct input VAT related to acquisitions made in connection with share transfers that Swedish taxable persons are supposed to obtain in accordance with EU-law seem to differ from the rights actually obtained in practice.

Francis Schaeffer presented a Christian world and life-view encompassing the totality of reality as an alternative to a fragmented view of reality. Refinements of dualism are examined from within a theological context giving substance to his understanding of modern world and life-view trends. Dualisms may be traced from the dawn of history of religion. It was Thomas Aquinas who profoundly influenced Western thought into a secular compartment through a synthesis of Christian dogma with Aristotelian presuppositions. The reign of the sacred diminished and a predominantly secular pathway may be traced through disciplines such as philosophy, arts, science and theology. This dissertation suggests that a dualistic analysis of reality is limited in its application. A model is suggested which traces all of reality to its ultimate source, God. The Fall brought about a dialectic which is found within the totality of a Christian world and life-view. / Philosophy, Practical and Sytematic Theology / M. Th. (Systematic Theology.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-17T13:54:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Manoel Pinto Santos.pdf: 704774 bytes, checksum: 7e3f990074153669568221d5cba74ffd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-12-21 / Study of the observable advancements in the discussion conceitual of the School Democratic Management, as well as of the institutional instruments of his implementation created by the Federal Constitution of 1988. The approach of these institutional instruments of management Pedagogic-politician keeps to the bibliographical analysis of some theoretical formulations of School Advice and of Project. The School Democratic Management is conceived like a historical construction, so, I prosecute and political, technical and cultural product of the social dialectics that, while demystifying the reality, sets the contradictions out links it inherent. Also his intrinsic vinculação recognizes to a social totality well more abrangente, which understands and interconnects the place and the global thing. The work is ruled by the preoccupation in try to establish the maximum of coherence between the referential system announced theoretician - metodológico and the effective work of analysis of the object of the present inquiry. In this way, there valued herself the historicização of the constituent categories of the nucleus conceitual of the thematic School Democratic Management. There were opted to stand out the economical, political and cultural restrictions, the contradictions inherent in the social and school reality and also the resultant conflicts of the shock between the different conceptions that dispute the control of the society in all the spaces and persistence sociopolíticas, particularly the conflict between the Instrumental Reason and the Dialectic Reason. / Estudo dos avanços observáveis no debate conceitual da Gestão Escolar Democrática, bem como dos instrumentos institucionais de sua implementação criados pela Constituição Federal de 1988. O enfoque desses instrumentos institucionais de gestão se atém à análise bibliográfica de algumas formulações teóricas de Conselho Escolar e de Projeto Político-Pedagógico. Concebe-se a Gestão Escolar Democrática como uma construção histórica, portanto, processo e produto político, técnico e cultural da dialética social que, ao desmistificar a realidade, explicita as contradições a ela inerentes. Também se reconhece sua intrínseca vinculação a uma totalidade social bem mais abrangente, que compreende e interliga o local e o global. O trabalho se pauta pela preocupação em tentar estabelecer o máximo de coerência entre o referencial teórico-metodológico anunciado e o efetivo trabalho de análise do objeto da presente pesquisa. Desse modo, valorizou-se a historicização das categorias constituintes do núcleo conceitual da temática Gestão Escolar Democrática. Optou-se por ressaltar os condicionantes econômicos, políticos e culturais, as contradições inerentes à realidade social e escolar e também os conflitos resultantes do choque entre as diferentes concepções que disputam o controle da sociedade em todos os espaços e instâncias sociopolíticas, particularmente o conflito entre a Razão Instrumental e a Razão Dialética.

Investiga-se aqui a formação de um autêntico pensamento contemporâneo na América, tendo como eixo o conjunto da obra político-historiográfica e filosófica desenvolvida pelos marxistas Caio Prado Júnior e José Carlos Mariátegui, a partir das primeiras décadas do século XX. Apresenta-se inicialmente um panorama histórico de sua formação intelectual e militância, para então se explanar os traços característicos de suas originais interpretações relativas à questão nacional. Em seguida, verifica-se as convergências e dissonâncias entre as concepções de ambos sobre a história e a política, bem como acerca da filosofia da práxis ressaltando as importantes contribuições dos pensadores à metodologia dialética e à própria ontologia totalizante do marxismo. Para tanto, examina-se vários de seus trabalhos (em distintos campos do saber), expondo-se suas principais proposições científicas e polêmicas intelectuais-revolucionárias, com o intuito de mostrar como suas criativas análises histórico-dialéticas com que confrontam o eurocentrismo cultural e epistêmico então hegemônico alicerçam seus posteriores aportes também no âmbito universal da filosofia começada por Marx, cujo princípio central é a práxis. Colocando-se do ponto de vista da totalidade, tal postura existencial, teórica e prática, entende a objetividade e a subjetividade como inerentes aspectos fundamentais no processo de emancipação humana e construção de uma nova sociedade em que o Homem possa se realizar em sua plenitude. Propõe-se por fim reflexão sobre a atualidade e urgência da realização da teoria marxista, em um contexto de crise civilizacional (econômica, cultural e mesmo ambiental) que se renova e agrava. / This thesis investigates the formation of an authentic contemporary way of thinking in America, axised at the whole of political-historiographical and philosophical work developed by Marxists Caio Prado Júnior and José Carlos Mariátegui, as from the first decades of the twentieth century. It initially presents a historical overview of the authors\' intellectual formation and militancy and then explains the characteristic features of their original interpretations related to the national issue. Furthermore, it analyzes the convergences and dissonances between the conceptions of both authors on history and politics, as well as on philosophy of praxis highlighting the important contributions of them to Marxism\'s dialectic methodology and totalizing ontology itself. In order to do so, the thesis examines several of their works (in different fields of knowledge), disclosing their main scientific propositions and intellectual-revolutionary controversies, in order to expose how their historical and dialectical creative interpretations whose which they confront the cultural and epistemic Eurocentrism, hegemonic at the time underpin their posterior contributions also at the universal ambit of philosophy begun by Marx, whose central principle is the praxis. Placing ourselves from the point of view of the totality, such existential posture, theoretical and practical, assumes objectivity and subjectivity as inherent fundamental aspects of the process of human emancipation and construction of a new society in which Man can be realized to its fullness. It is finally proposed a reflection on the actuality and urgent realization of Marxist theory in the context of civilizational crisis (economic, cultural and even environmental) that renews and aggravates itself.

Le sujet de cette thèse est la conception du divin et de l’être humain parfait (insân kâmil) et du voyage spirituel dans la doctrine d’Ibn ‘Arabi à travers une présentation et une analyse de ses œuvres et études en anglais et en français. Cela implique une analyse profonde des sujets qui sont fondamentaux tout en étant dispersés dans l’œuvre du maître. Cette étude interprétative se concentre sur l’analyse et la discussion de ce que les traductions et les études offrent au chercheur occidental. La première partie présente la conception du divin chez Ibn ‘Arabi, ce qui inclut la présentation de la doctrine des différentes dimensions de la réalité divine. Le mouvement de l’unicité à travers les noms divins à la création du cosmos et de l’être humain est présenté et analysé. La deuxième partie analyse la totalité de la réalité de l’autre angle, celui de la perspective de l’être humain dans la doctrine d’Ibn ‘Arabi. Les caractéristiques de l’amour et de la lumière, que les humains et Dieu partagent, sont éclaircies. Le développement spirituel du serviteur qui cherche la proximité de Dieu et les différences entre les saints et les prophètes sont décrites dans la deuxième partie. La troisième partie précise le lien entre les deux parties précédentes. La question de l’identité du voyageur, sa motivation et sa destination sont examinées dans la perspective de l’ascension et de la redescente. Le chapitre conclusif rassemble les conceptions clés du sujet et introduit la conception de la transcendance inclusive dans l’œuvre d’Ibn ‘Arabi. / This thesis explores the concepts of the divine, the perfect human being (insan kamil) and the spiritual journey in the doctrine of Ibn ' Arabi through a presentation and analysis of his works and studies in English and French. This involves a thorough analysis of the topics that are fundamental and yet dispersed in the work of the sheikh. This interpretative study focuses on the analysis and discussion of what the translations and studies provide the Western researcher. The first part presents the concept of the divine in Ibn 'Arabi, which includes the presentation of the doctrine of the different dimensions of the divine reality. The movement of unity through the divine names in the creation of the cosmos and of human beings is presented and analysed.The second part analyses the totality of reality from another angle, that of the perspective of the human being in the doctrine of Ibn 'Arabi. The characteristics of love and light that God and humans share are elucidated. The spiritual development of the servant who seeks proximity to God and the differences between the saints and the prophets are also described. The third part of the thesis establishes the connection between the previous two parts. The question of the identity of the traveller, their motivation and final destination are discussed from the perspective of the ascent and subsequent descent. The concluding chapter brings together the key concepts of the study and introduces the concept of ‘inclusive transcendence’ in the work of Ibn 'Arabi.

The aim of this study was to explore and describe the use of music therapy during intervention with primary school girls who have been sexually abused. An empirical study of limited extent was undertaken, which was qualitative in nature and conducted from the interpretivist paradigm. In depth case study was used as research design, whilst educational psychological assessments, intervention and re-assessments, observation, interviews, analysis of documentation, field notes and a reflective diary were employed as data gathering methods. Two primary school girls in a place of safety were selected as participants in the study. Despite the fact that these girls had to cope with the trauma of sexual abuse, they had to deal with emotions and behaviour closely related to such trauma, including depression, aggression, fear, hate, inappropriate interpersonal relationships, sleeping disorders, low self-concept and behavioural difficulties. The findings of the empirical study are supported by literature, namely that music therapy can provide a safe setting to children for revealing their emotions, fears and needs related to trauma, such as sexual abuse. Music therapy had a positive effect on both cases, who illustrated positive change during the process of intervention and were able to replace negative experiences with positive emotions. Further findings of this nature include an improvement of both girls’ ability to express themselves on an emotional level, self-confidence, assertiveness, self-concepts, social skills and interpersonal relationships, as well as a decline in negative behavioural patterns and symptoms. Subsequently, both girls could perform on a higher level on all various domains of functioning. / Dissertation (MEd (Educational Psychology))--University of Pretoria, 2005. / Educational Psychology / unrestricted

Czech Literary Anarchism in the Context of Socialism and the Women's Movement (1890-1914) Abstract The thesis focuses on Czech pre-WWI anarchism. It analyses it as a modernist movement comprising various activities spanning political propaganda, proposals of social organisation and thinking about moral values as well views on the arts and literary production. The aim is to present literary texts written by anarchists against a backdrop of other types of expression. At the same time, the thesis assesses anarchism in the historical context of other political, social, artistic and philosophical movements. We study the interweaving of ideological and aesthetic schemes of Czech anarchism, especially with socialism and feminism, but also concerning decadence, Friedrich Nietzsche's philosophy and writings of the German Friedrichshagen poets' and anarchists' circle. The thesis focuses on how anarchism understands human beings and their relationship to the world and society. Given the anarchists' focus on the free individual, we present strategies of emancipation from traditional conventions and institutions such as marriage, family and the state. We also concentrate on reforms concerning morals and similarities with the feminist turn to one's own bodily and psychical experiences as starting points for setting...

本研究旨在重建弗雷勒的批判意識概念，重建工作計有四個部份，六項步驟。首先是問題意識之釐析，藉由整理國內外學界關於弗雷勒思想的反省與爭議，指出弗雷勒思想的既有侷限與問題，以說明重建之必要與方向。第二部份則依據「人—世界」關係取向之詮釋框架，將弗雷勒批判意識概念，重建為三個基本向度：1.以批判性的自我覺察為前提，2.對於存在處境的整體性反思，3.超越界限處境以朝向人性化的越界行動。第三部份的兩項步驟，則分別藉助世界現象學、哲學詮釋學和批判理論、女性主義等當代主要哲學、社會、政治思想，來釐清並豐富這個概念架構所涉及的思想內涵，建立起一個更能處理當代核心問題的概念架構。第四部份亦分為兩項步驟，首先以此重建後的概念架構，反思台灣社區大學運動之知識解放理念，並透過一門課程的實踐經驗，詳細解析有助於學習者發展批判意識之課程結構、教材選擇以及教學方法；第二項步驟則是將批判意識概念三個基本向度，及其重建後的概念內涵，融入於「聆聽」這個人與自身以及世界的批判性互動，以提供一個發展批判意識的一般性實踐方案，如此方能從社大辦學整體的層次，探究有哪些重要的學習經驗，有助於學習者與自己以及與世界的關係的連結與深化，以說明就社大辦學的整體而言，其批判意識之實踐的方向與可能性。 / This study is aiming at the reconstruction of Freire’s idea of critical consciousness. There have been four parts and six steps in this reconstruction. In the first part, some fundamental limitations of Freire’s thought have been identified, and the need of this reconstruction work and its orientation are thereby clarified. In the next, Freire’s idea of critical consciousness is reconstructed as three basic dimensions based on the framework of human-world relation as follows: 1. presupposed with critical self-awareness. 2. reflection of the totality of the existing situations. 3. limit-actions to transcend the limit-situations in order toward humanization. In the third part, there are two steps to discuss contemporary philosophical, political and social thought, such as the phenomenology of world, philosophical hermeneutics, critical theory and feminism, for the clarification of the meaning involved in this reconstructed framework of critical consciousness. The last part also has two steps. At first, the dispute regarding the fundamental spirit of Taiwan’s community university movement--emancipation of knowledge, is reviewed and settled via the reconstructed framework of critical consciousness. Based on this review, the practice of a curriculum--“Taiwan’s colonial experiences during Japan period”, is analyzed to demonstrate the principle and method for the design of curriculum, the selection and organization of teaching material, and the teaching method for the learner to develop critical consciousness. At last, the three basic dimensions of critical consciousness are combined into a critical way of human-world interaction—listening, as a general guideline for the practice in the community university. According to this general guideline, there are some learning experiences which are helpful to foster learner’s critical consciousness and can be created in all curriculum and learning activity. Therefore, it is possible for the community university to develop the critical consciousness in all their practices and this reconstruction work has provided clear elucidation.

The thesis "Looking through the lens of the Czech daily newspaper Mlada fronta for 65 years" examines the topic of the liberation of Czechoslovakia in May, 1945. The qualitative content analysis of selected texts available from the newspaper is used to explore the interpretation of the event in Mlada fronta. The thesis has concentrated on the development of attitudes, beliefs, ways of communications and journalistic transformation of media content concerning the liberation event over time. The main objective has been to answer the question as to whether the media portrayal of the event has remained constant or altered over the stated time period and which factors influenced the portrayal. In the conclusion of this thesis we can confirm that the monitored event has been described differently in different time periods respectively, in connection with political progress and the value of democracy in the country. The more totalitarian the regime, the more the newspaper has described freedom through preferred ideology, biased themes, dogmatic posture and offered interpretations that suited the ruling party. This indicates a form of totalitarian hegemony. During periods of greater totalitarianism, the newspaper tends to describe the theme of the freedom completely within that communist ideology. However,...