<p>LAG ELLER VÄRDEGRUND. VAD STYR I PRAKTIKEN?Öberg, MariaÖstberg, YlvaÖrebro UniversitetAkademin för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbeteSocionomprogrammetSocialt arbete, 61-90 poängC-uppsats, 15 poängHt 2009</p><p> </p><p>Sammanfattning</p><p>Studien syftar till att belysa den problematik som finns gällande tillämpningen av lagstiftningen i brottsbalken (BrB, 1962:700) och offentlighet – och sekretesslagen (OSL, 2009:400) då brukare inom 9:9 lagen om stöd och service till vissa funktionshindrade (LSS, 1993:387) begår brott. Dessutom vill vi undersöka chefers tillämpning av ovan nämnda lagstiftning utifrån fiktiva fall. Vidare syftar studien till att undersöka hur de etiska grundprinciperna inom LSS påverkar enhetschefernas beslut om åtgärder gällande situationer då brukare begått brott. Vi vill också undersöka om det finns en problematik med att brukare inom LSS begår brott.</p><p>Vi har använt oss av en kvalitativ metod där fyra semistrukturerade intervjuer genomförts med chefer inom verksamhetsområdet. Intervjuerna utgick delvis ifrån två fiktiva fall. Vi ville med det ge alla respondenter samma utgångs punkt. Vi har transkriberat vårt material för att tematisera och tolka det.</p><p>Studien visar på att det finns en problematik med tillämpningen av lagstiftningen. Samtliga respondenter visste i teorin hur lagstiftningen såg ut, men ingen av respondenterna visste hur lagstiftningen tillämpades. Resultatet visar också att det finns en skillnad i synen på värdegrunderna beroende på hur nära brukaren respondenten arbetar. De respondenter som arbetat närmast brukarna vill skydda brukarna från allt ont, vilket ibland kan påverka brukarnas möjligheter att uppleva de värdegrunder som finns inom LSS. Respondenterna som inte arbetade nära brukarna uppfattade brukarna som vilka medborgare som helst.</p><p>Nyckelord: Lagen om stöd och service till vissa funktionshindrade (LSS 1993:387), Offentlighet och sekretesslagen (OSL 2009:400), Brottsbalken (BrB 1962:700), värdegrunder inom LSS, chef.</p><p> </p> / <p>LAW OR VALUES? WHAT RUNS IN PRACTICE? Öberg, MariaÖstberg, YlvaÖrebro UniversityDepartment for Behavioral, Social and Legal SciencesSocial Work programSocial work, 61-90 pointsC-essay, 15 pointsAutumn term 2009</p><p> </p><p>Abstract</p><p>The study aims to highlight the problems that are related to enforcement of the law for criminal code (BrB, 1962:700) and law of publicity and confidentiality ( OSL, 2009:400) when patient in the 9:9 § in law of support and service for some functional disability peoples (LSS, 1993:387) commit crimes. We also want to investigate managers' implementation of the said law on the basis of fictitious cases. Furthermore, the study aims to examine how the basic ethical principles of LSS affects of Unit Decision on measures concerning situations where patient have committed crimes. We also want to investigate if there is a problem with users, within LSS, committing crimes.</p><p>We have used a qualitative approach in which four semi-structured interviews conducted with managers in the business field. The interviews were based in part from two fictional cases. We wanted to give it all respondents the same starting point. We have transcribed our material for themed and interpret it.</p><p>The study shows that there is a problem in law enforcement. All respondents knew in theory how the legislation looked like, but none of the respondents knew what the law was applied. The results also show that there is a difference of opinion on the value basis depending on how close to the patient the respondent works. Respondents who worked closest to the patient want to protect patient from all trouble, this sometimes can affect patient' ability to experience the values that exist in the LSS. Respondents who did not work close to patient, perceived the patient´s as any other citizens.</p><p>Keywords: patient, functional disability, ethnical values, crime, manager.</p><p> </p>

LAG ELLER VÄRDEGRUND. VAD STYR I PRAKTIKEN?Öberg, MariaÖstberg, YlvaÖrebro UniversitetAkademin för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbeteSocionomprogrammetSocialt arbete, 61-90 poängC-uppsats, 15 poängHt 2009   Sammanfattning Studien syftar till att belysa den problematik som finns gällande tillämpningen av lagstiftningen i brottsbalken (BrB, 1962:700) och offentlighet – och sekretesslagen (OSL, 2009:400) då brukare inom 9:9 lagen om stöd och service till vissa funktionshindrade (LSS, 1993:387) begår brott. Dessutom vill vi undersöka chefers tillämpning av ovan nämnda lagstiftning utifrån fiktiva fall. Vidare syftar studien till att undersöka hur de etiska grundprinciperna inom LSS påverkar enhetschefernas beslut om åtgärder gällande situationer då brukare begått brott. Vi vill också undersöka om det finns en problematik med att brukare inom LSS begår brott. Vi har använt oss av en kvalitativ metod där fyra semistrukturerade intervjuer genomförts med chefer inom verksamhetsområdet. Intervjuerna utgick delvis ifrån två fiktiva fall. Vi ville med det ge alla respondenter samma utgångs punkt. Vi har transkriberat vårt material för att tematisera och tolka det. Studien visar på att det finns en problematik med tillämpningen av lagstiftningen. Samtliga respondenter visste i teorin hur lagstiftningen såg ut, men ingen av respondenterna visste hur lagstiftningen tillämpades. Resultatet visar också att det finns en skillnad i synen på värdegrunderna beroende på hur nära brukaren respondenten arbetar. De respondenter som arbetat närmast brukarna vill skydda brukarna från allt ont, vilket ibland kan påverka brukarnas möjligheter att uppleva de värdegrunder som finns inom LSS. Respondenterna som inte arbetade nära brukarna uppfattade brukarna som vilka medborgare som helst. Nyckelord: Lagen om stöd och service till vissa funktionshindrade (LSS 1993:387), Offentlighet och sekretesslagen (OSL 2009:400), Brottsbalken (BrB 1962:700), värdegrunder inom LSS, chef. / LAW OR VALUES? WHAT RUNS IN PRACTICE? Öberg, MariaÖstberg, YlvaÖrebro UniversityDepartment for Behavioral, Social and Legal SciencesSocial Work programSocial work, 61-90 pointsC-essay, 15 pointsAutumn term 2009   Abstract The study aims to highlight the problems that are related to enforcement of the law for criminal code (BrB, 1962:700) and law of publicity and confidentiality ( OSL, 2009:400) when patient in the 9:9 § in law of support and service for some functional disability peoples (LSS, 1993:387) commit crimes. We also want to investigate managers' implementation of the said law on the basis of fictitious cases. Furthermore, the study aims to examine how the basic ethical principles of LSS affects of Unit Decision on measures concerning situations where patient have committed crimes. We also want to investigate if there is a problem with users, within LSS, committing crimes. We have used a qualitative approach in which four semi-structured interviews conducted with managers in the business field. The interviews were based in part from two fictional cases. We wanted to give it all respondents the same starting point. We have transcribed our material for themed and interpret it. The study shows that there is a problem in law enforcement. All respondents knew in theory how the legislation looked like, but none of the respondents knew what the law was applied. The results also show that there is a difference of opinion on the value basis depending on how close to the patient the respondent works. Respondents who worked closest to the patient want to protect patient from all trouble, this sometimes can affect patient' ability to experience the values that exist in the LSS. Respondents who did not work close to patient, perceived the patient´s as any other citizens. Keywords: patient, functional disability, ethnical values, crime, manager.

O presente trabalho inicia-se com a pesquisa bibliográfica que permitiu a apresentação das disposições normativas acerca da proteção jurídica do meio ambiente, nela incluída os animais domésticos. O conjunto normativo pátrio e estrangeiro evoluiu quanto ao amparo ambiental, vislumbrando-se nova postura do Poder Público em decorrência dos atuais paradigmas da sociedade, que vem cada vez mais se preocupando com a preservação dos recursos ambientais e dos demais elementos ecológicos. Percebe-se que atualmente a garantia dos direitos dos animais não se restringe apenas aos silvestres e exóticos, mas resta consagrada a dos domésticos (como cães e gatos), principalmente pelas disposições constitucionais. No que diz respeito ao tema políticas públicas, é conceituado como o plano de ações governamentais para concretizar os direitos coletivos da sociedade, tendo sido discorrido especificamente acerca das políticas voltadas ao bem-estar dos animais domésticos, com a descrição de exemplos de ações implementadas em diversos locais. Por conseguinte, apresenta-se o programa Rede de Defesa e Proteção Animal do Município de Curitiba (RDPA), referenciando-se seu histórico, objetivos, ações e resultados por meio da pesquisa qualitativa. Diante desses dados, constata-se a efetividade do programa estudado à luz das disposições legais e principiológicas a ele aplicáveis, pois vem executando ações de cunho educacional como a propagação da Guarda Responsável e do Projeto Veterinário Mirim. Ainda, disponibiliza castração para famílias de baixa renda, consideradas vulneráveis pela FAS e em situação de risco para a COHAB, bem como para protetores independentes, medida que se mostra efetiva para diminuir a natalidade e não ocasiona sofrimento aos animais. Os maus-tratos têm sido combatidos principalmente por ações de fiscalização nos estabelecimentos que comercializam os animais, em que se averigua se há o atendimento à legislação. Por fim, o Município tem divulgado o evento Feira Amigo Bicho e cedido espaço no Parque Barigui para ONG’s e protetores levarem animais para serem doados. Foram apresentadas propostas para o aperfeiçoamento do programa ora estudado, como a averiguação de implantar a isenção fiscal para estimular comportamentos ecologicamente corretos e o custeio de ações do programa. Outra sugestão indicada, por exemplo, foi a análise da viabilidade de instaurar chamamento público por parte do ente municipal responsável pela RDPA para obtenção de patrocínio, em que as patrocinadoras divulgam suas logomarcas e em contrapartida custeiam castrações, vacinações e microchipagens. / This dissertation begins with a bibliographic research that allowed the presentation of the legislative provisions concerning the legal protection of the environment, included domestic animals. The national and foreign laws evolved as environmental protection, with a new position of the Government due the current paradigms of the society, which increasingly is concerned with the preservation of environmental resources and other environmental elements. Currently it is noticed that the rights of animals are not only restricted to wild and exotic, but also to the domestics (dogs and cats), mainly by constitutional provisions. In relation to public policy subject, it is conceptualized as the governmental action plan to achieve the collective rights of society, having been specifically discoursed on policies focused at domestic animals welfare, with some examples of actions in several locations. Therefore, it is presented the DNAP Program of Curitiba (RDPA), referencing its history, objectives, actions and results through qualitative research. Given these data, it is noted the effectiveness of the studied program under the law and set of principles applicable to it, because it is implementing educational actions as the Responsible Guard and Veterinary Project Mirim (Young Officers). It also offers castration for families considered vulnerable by FAS and in situation of risk to COHAB and low income families, as well for independent protectors, effective measure to reduce the birth rate and does not cause suffering to animals. The maltreatments are being tackled mainly by enforcement actions in the establishments that sell animals, where it is examined if there is compliance with the law. Finally, Curitiba has divulged the event Feira Amigo Bicho (Animal Friend Fair) and ceded space in the Barigüi Park for NGOs and protectors take animals to be donated. Proposals for improving the program were presented, as the possibility of implementation of tax exemption to encourage environmentally friendly behaviors and the costing of program actions. Another suggestion indicated, for example, was the feasibility analysis of establish a public invitation by the municipal entity responsible for DNAP to obtain sponsorship, where the sponsors disclose their logos, but paying for castrations, vaccinations and microchips implants.

In recent times, the incidence of single-parent families has increased rapidly with the principle cause being the rising divorce rate. The vast majority of these single-parent families are headed by women and a predominantly common factor in these households is the extent to which they are financially impoverished after divorce. This situation has given rise to the phenomenon known as the feminisation of poverty, where women are seen to make up the majority of the poor. This study examines the many varied factors contributing to this phenomenon and discusses some of the general solutions offered world-wide to address these poverty-stricken households. An assessment is then made of those legal solutions most appropriate for South Africa / Law / LL.M.

Orientador: Ronaldo Romulo Machado de Almeida / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-18T11:19:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ramiro_DanielPereira_M.pdf: 717945 bytes, checksum: 643d85ffbfc1affda0148033567c4c2e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: A presente dissertação busca rastrear o contradiscurso acerca da experimentação animal no sentido de elucidá-lo enquanto um movimento social. Toma como foco o trâmite da Lei Arouca, de recente aprovação no Congresso Nacional para regulamentar a vivissecção em todo território nacional. A partir desta lei o olhar se volta aos atores sociais envolvidos e às forças políticas conflitantes para esta questão de controvérsia científica. Paralelamente, outras manifestações práticas do contradiscurso serão seguidas a fim de enriquecer o material de análise para colocar em evidência os argumentos que concorrem para a construção simbólica do estatuto do animal de laboratório. Porém, não será perdido de vista o caráter mais amplo no qual o movimento antivivisseccionista está inserido, a saber, a luta contra a exploração dos animais não-humanos / Abstract: This dissertation intends to follow the counter-discourse on animal experimentation in order to elucidate it as a social movement. It is focused on the processing of Arouca Law, recently passed the Congress to regulate vivisection nationwide. From this law, the focus is on the social actors involved and the political conflicting forces for this matter of scientific controversy. In parallel, other practical manifestations of counter-discourse will be followed in order to enrich the material for analysis to highlight the arguments that contribute to the symbolic status of laboratory animals. However, the broader nature in which the antivivisection movement is inserted, namely the fight against the exploitation of nonhuman animals, will not be lost / Mestrado / Antropologia Social / Mestre em Antropologia Social

Este tesis explorara las facetas de los derechos económicos de la mujeres antes, durante y despues del régimen de Pinochet. El primer capítulo se enfocara en resumir las políticas económicas y sociales de Allende, el antecesor de Pinochet. El segundo capítulo analiza el rol de la mujer en la casa y el trabajo en este momento, donde se determinó la diferencia salarial entre los dos sexos. El tercer capitulo demostrara una comparación entre las mujeres que son de clase altas versus las de las clases socio-económicas más bajas. El último capítulo tocara el tópico de la moderna perspectiva sobre los derechos de la mujer post-Pinochet. This thesis will explore the facets of the economic rights of women before, during, and after the Pinochet regime. The first chapter will focus on summarizing the economic and social policies of Allende, the predecessor of Pinochet. The second chapter analyzes the role of women in the home and work, where there will be a comparison on the wage difference between the two sexes. The third chapter will show the contrast between women who are in high-class status versus those of lower socio-economic classes. The last chapter will be relating to the modern perspective on the rights of women post-Pinochet.

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La révolution industrielle du XIXème siècle, marquée par la création des grandes usines, a entraîné une mutation de la classe laborieuse constituée d’ouvriers dont les conditions de travail étaient d’une dureté que l’on peine à imaginer aujourd’hui. L’état de santé des ouvriers représentait pourtant un enjeu économique et politique d’une grande importance. L’Etat a, en conséquence, produit une législation tutélaire visant à protéger les corps des travailleurs : une législation industrielle devenue droit du travail, dans le cadre de ce plus vaste ensemble que l’on dénomme le droit social. Le droit du travail assure un équilibre entre les acteurs des relations du travail. Il est, essentiellement, un droit de compromis à des fins de pacification des relations sociales, un compromis social entre les intérêts des entreprises et ceux des travailleurs salariés. Le « droit social », qui recouvre, au moins, le droit du travail et le droit de la sécurité sociale, est à la fois un droit de protection et un droit de réparation des atteintes portées aux corps des salariés par le travail. L’homme au travail a longtemps été considéré comme une machine de production et le corps perçu uniquement du point de vue mécanique. Mais le corps est le substratum de la personne ; il n’est pas une chose : il est la personne protégée par des règles pénales, les règles composant le droit civil des personnes – au lieu de relever du droit des biens – et celles qui consacrent et garantissent ce que l’on appelle volontiers, aujourd’hui, les droits et libertés fondamentaux. Aujourd’hui, le travail, activité productive, est beaucoup plus diversifié que celui du XIXème siècle. Les conditions sociales et du travail ont évolué avec le droit du travail qui est bien différent d’alors. Les risques professionnels sont différents et l’homme au travail, considéré comme une personne à part entière, peut subir des atteintes à sa santé physique et mentale. Si le droit du travail poursuit les buts partiellement antagonistes de préserver, à la fois, le capital et le travail, la question est de savoir quels instruments juridiques visent à prémunir les salariés des atteintes à leur intégrité physique et mentale que pourrait provoquer le travail. Celui-ci étant, cependant, source d’accidents et de maladies, il s’agit de connaître les outils utilisés par le droit positif afin de permettre la réparation de ces atteintes. / The industrial revolution of the nineteenth century saw the creation of large factories, leading to a change in the living and working conditions for the proletariat, whose working conditions were more difficult than we could imagine today. Worker's health became an economic and political issue of great importance. The State, therefore, passed guardianship legislation to protect workers' health: the industrial legislation become labor law, a subset of broader social laws. The labor law provided a balance between the actors of labor relations. It was essentially a law compromise for the purpose of pacification of social relations, a social compromise between the interests of business and those of employees. "Social law", which incorporates both the labor law and the social welfare law, is composed of laws to protect and rules to govern awards for damages for injuries incurred in the workplace. The working man has long been considered a production machine viewed only from a mechanical point of view, but the body is the substratum of the person; it is not a thing. A person is protected under criminal law and civil law, not property law; what we now call fundamental rights and freedoms. In today's workforce, productive activity is much more diverse than in the Nineteenth Century. Social and labor conditions have evolved, as has labor law. Occupational hazards are different and the working man, considered as a whole person, may suffer damage to his physical and mental health. If labor law continues tries to encourage capital gain and workforce safety at the same time, how effective are the regulations that are in place to protect workers from physical harm. Workplace injuries and illnesses will occur, so it becomes important to know the tools of french positive law created to insure reparations in the instances.

This work highlights specific lexical items that have become racialized in specific contextual applications and tests how these words are cognitively processed. This work presents the results of a visual world (Huettig et al 2011) eye-tracking study designed to determine the perception and application of racialized (Coates 2011) adjectives. To objectively select the racialized adjectives used, I developed a corpus comprised of popular media sources, designed specifically to suit my research question. I collected publications from digital media sources such as Sports Illustrated, USA Today, and Fortune by scraping articles featuring specific search terms from their websites. This experiment seeks to aid in the demarcation of socially salient groups whose application of racialized adjectives to racialized images is near instantaneous, or at least less questioned. As we view growing social movements which revolve around the significant marks unconscious assumptions leave on American society, revealing how and where these lexical assignments arise and thrive allows us to interrogate the forces which build and reify such biases. Future research should attempt to address the harmful semiotics these lexical choices sustain.

The South African Constitution in section 27(1)(c) obligates the state to develop a comprehensive social security system. It affirms the universal right to access to social security, including appropriate social assistance for those unable to support themselves and their dependants. It orders the state to take reasonable legislative and other measures, within its available resources, to achieve the progressive realisation of these rights. The underlying normative commitment of social security is the improvement of the quality of life of the population by promoting economic or material equality. Social security ensures that all citizens have a stake in society and that each individual has an incentive to contribute to the development of the commonwealth. It plays a crucial role in the lives of communities and families viewed in the context of social transfers which provide broader development objectives and tackles income poverty transfers. The objectives of this study are threefold. Firstly, it examines the extension of social assistance coverage to the indigents in South Africa. Secondly, it looks at the legal mechanisms employed by courts and government in order to improve the social security rights of the poor in South Africa. Thirdly, the research investigates the possible reform and trends in India and Brazil with the aim of improving South Africa’s system of social security. For the avoidance of doubt, the law evaluated in this work is at 15 September 2015. / Jurisprudence / LL. D.