nÃo hà / O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a vivÃncia experimentada por alunos de uma turma de pedagogia, no uso pedagÃgico de uma ferramenta colaborativa baseada em wiki. A pesquisa foi realizada na Faculdade de EducaÃÃo da Universidade de BrasÃlia (UnB) em quatro semanas cedidas de uma disciplina denominada âPrÃticas MediÃticas de InformÃtica na EducaÃÃoâ cedidas pelo orientador desta dissertaÃÃo. Trata-se de um estudo de caso que utiliza uma metodologia de pesquisa-aÃÃo participativa. Para colher as opiniÃes dos participantes, foram aplicados: questionÃrio; entrevistas individuais e em grupo; e um seminÃrio com participaÃÃo de grupos formados por temas. Como referencial teÃrico, foram utilizado os quatro critÃrios de anÃlise de Dillenbourg (situaÃÃo, interaÃÃo, mecanismo e efeito) da Aprendizagem Colaborativa Suportada por Computador (CSCL) e o modelo de construÃÃo colaborativa de conhecimento de Stahl para projetar o Ambiente de ConstruÃÃo de Conhecimento (KBE) utilizado. Antes de aplicar este estudo de caso, vÃrios outros foram analisados, assim, o projeto levou em conta a experiÃncia de outras pesquisadores do tema. AtravÃs da anÃlise dos resultados, foram percebidos pelos alunos vÃrias dificuldades tÃcnicas de operaÃÃo e dificuldades culturais, especialmente relacionados a colaboraÃÃo em equipe; porÃm os alunos consideraram a ferramenta como pedagogicamente Ãtil e viÃvel, considerando a vantagem de compartilhamento de informaÃÃes entre pares como a maior vantagem da ferramenta wiki. / This work aims to examine the living experienced by students of a class of pedagogy, teaching in the use of a collaborative tool based on wiki. The research was conducted at the Faculty of Education at the University of Brasilia (UNB) in four weeks from a discipline called âMediated Practices of Informatics in Educationâ given by the advisor of this dissertation. It is a case study using a method of participatory research-action. To collect the views of participants, were used: questionnaire, individual and group interviews, and a seminar with participation of groups formed by themes. As theoretical reference, the four criteria were used for analysis of Dillenbourg (situation, interaction, mechanism and effect) of the Computer Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL) theory and the model of collaborative construction of knowledge of Stahl to design the Knowledge Building Environment (KBE ) used. Before applying this case study, several others were tested; therefore, the project took into account the experience of other researchers of the subject. Through analysis of the results, students perceived many technical difficulties in operation and cultural difficulties, especially related to collaborative work, but the students considered the pedagogical tool as useful and feasible, considering the advantage of sharing information between peers as the greatest advantage of wiki tool.

Submitted by JÚLIO HEBER SILVA (julioheber@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-12-20T11:51:07Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Quintino Martins de Oliveira - 2017.pdf: 2368197 bytes, checksum: 82997942dc17c82770e72ce9d7a1209d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-12-21T12:34:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Quintino Martins de Oliveira - 2017.pdf: 2368197 bytes, checksum: 82997942dc17c82770e72ce9d7a1209d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-21T12:34:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Quintino Martins de Oliveira - 2017.pdf: 2368197 bytes, checksum: 82997942dc17c82770e72ce9d7a1209d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-15 / This study focuses on the collaborative learning between two deaf and two hearing students who take Libras as a major at Universidade Federal de Goiás. They had to teach their language to each other in a tandem collaborative learning processes. The study took place on the first term of 2017. Tandem learning is a process of cultural and linguistic exchanges among individuals who have different languages and are willing to teach each other their language in a collaborative way. Thus, the deaf participant taught Libras to the hearing peer and learned written Portuguese from him/her. This study also aims to investigate if collaboration in tandem context can favor the learning of Libras and Portuguese, since they are languages that have different linguistic modalities. It also investigates which strategies were taken by the participants to teach each other´s language and the perceptions they had about the collaborative learning process in tandem context. It is a qualitative case study whose data were collected through the video recording of the interactions and the interviews. Data analysis shows that the students used some strategies that mediated the learning process, such as the use of realia, the use of images, etc. The results also show that the interactions favored not only linguistic knowledge, but also cultural exchanges and that the deaf students ought to be taught by the use of sign language. This study aims to bring some reflections on the learning process in tandem context when the languages involved have different linguistic modalities, as well as bring some guidance to future language teachers who might teach those languages in similar contexts. / Esta pesquisa tem como foco a aprendizagem colaborativa realizada por quatro alunos, sendo dois surdos e dois ouvintes, do curso de Letras: Libras da Universidade Federal de Goiás, que ensinaram suas línguas ao seu parceiro em um contexto de aprendizagem de tandem, durante um semestre letivo de 2017. A aprendizagem em tandem é um processo de trocas linguísticas e culturais entre indivíduos que possuem línguas diferentes e que se propõem a ensinar, de forma livre, sua língua a outra pessoa de modo colaborativo. Dessa forma, o participante surdo ensinou libras ao ouvinte, e o ouvinte ensinou ao surdo português escrito. Este estudo busca também investigar se a colaboração pode viabilizar a aprendizagem das línguas mencionadas, visto que são línguas de modalidades linguísticas diferentes. Busca também investigar quais são as estratégias utilizadas pelos pares para esse fim. Trata-se de um estudo de caso qualitativo em que os dados foram coletados por meio de gravação em vídeo das sessões de tandem e entrevistas, analisados sob a luz dos pressupostos da teoria sociocultural e da aprendizagem colaborativa. Os resultados mostram que os alunos usaram algumas estratégias que mediaram o processo de aprendizagem, tais como o uso de objetos e o uso de imagens. Os resultados também mostram que as oportunidades de interação dos alunos surdos com os alunos ouvintes, no contexto estudado, viabilizaram trocas culturais, e que o ensino eficaz para os alunos surdos se faz necessário ocorrer na língua de sinais. Com este estudo, pretendemos suscitar reflexões sobre a aprendizagem colaborativa no contexto de tandem quando temos línguas de modalidades linguísticas diferentes: português – uma língua oral; e libras – uma língua vísuo-espacial, bem como trazer algumas orientações para futuros professores de libras para ouvintes, ou de português para surdos, que venham a ensinar essas línguas em contextos semelhantes.

Submitted by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2016-08-29T18:01:59Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Marlon Cássio Gomes dos Santos - 2016.pdf: 4078377 bytes, checksum: 926c25490a9870a575e7b2dbcca051f5 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2016-08-29T18:02:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Marlon Cássio Gomes dos Santos - 2016.pdf: 4078377 bytes, checksum: 926c25490a9870a575e7b2dbcca051f5 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-29T18:02:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Marlon Cássio Gomes dos Santos - 2016.pdf: 4078377 bytes, checksum: 926c25490a9870a575e7b2dbcca051f5 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-28 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This research investigates how retextualization operates in the construction of dialogical relations in the teaching-learning process of the Portuguese language, aiming to analyze the effects of interaction and retextualization as constituents of personal, social, intellectual and cultural formation. In this project, we developed interaction activities linked to the production process and the retextualization of texts, with the assistance of collaborative correction activities, seeking constituents of improvement of skills and the students’ abilities through retextualizing activities. The research method used was the case study. The study was developed in third year of high school in a private school in the city of Goiânia, in the second half of 2015. Therefore, we established our studies in the sociocultural theory, which produces the concepts of Zone of Proximal Development – ZPD – (VYGOTSKY, 2007a; 2007b) and scaffolding (WOOD, BRUNNER E ROSS, 1976). We are also supported by the conception of writing genres (BAKHTIN, 2003, 2006) to contribute with the retextualization process of genres (DELL'ISOLA, 2007; MARCUSCHI, 2007; MATÊNCIO, 2002, 2003), taking into account the collaborative activities among students (FIGUEIREDO, 2006, 2015) as part of retextualizing process. The results revealed that retextualization through interaction activities contributes to the expansion of competencies and skills that students need to develop, according to the OCEM (2006). The study made the students realize the construction process of the text itself linked to the communicative situations of social spheres in which they participate, including the social function of the studied genres and approaching their reality. Therefore, it made it more satisfactory for the teaching and learning of the Portuguese language. / Esta pesquisa investiga como a retextualização opera na construção de relações dialógicas no processo de ensino-aprendizagem de Língua Portuguesa, objetivando analisar os efeitos de interação e retextualização como constituintes de formação pessoal, social, intelectual e cultural. Neste trabalho, desenvolvemos atividades de interação ligadas ao processo de produção e retextualização de textos, com auxílio de atividades de correção colaborativa, buscando constituintes de aperfeiçoamento das competências e habilidades dos alunos por meio das atividades retextualizadoras. A metodologia adotada no estudo foi o estudo de caso. O estudo foi desenvolvido em uma turma da 3ª série do Ensino Médio de uma escola particular do município de Goiânia, no segundo semestre de 2015. Para tanto, baseamo-nos na teoria sociocultural, que produz os conceitos de Zona de Desenvolvimento Proximal – ZDP – (VYGOTSKY, 2007a; 2007b) e scaffolding (WOOD, BRUNNER E ROSS, 1976). Também, apoiamo-nos na concepção dos gêneros discursivos (BAKHTIN, 2003, 2006) para contribuir com o processo de retextualização dos gêneros (DELL’ISOLA, 2007; MARCUSCHI, 2007; MATÊNCIO, 2002, 2003), levando em conta as atividades colaborativas entre os alunos (FIGUEIREDO, 2006, 2015) como parte do processo retextualizador. Os resultados revelaram que a retextualização, mediante atividades de interação, contribui para o alargamento das competências e habilidades que os alunos precisam desenvolver, de acordo com as OCEM (2006). O estudo fez com que os alunos percebessem o processo de construção do próprio texto atrelado às situações comunicativas das esferas sociais que participam, compreendendo a função social dos gêneros trabalhados e os aproximando de sua realidade. Portanto, tornando mais satisfatório o ensinoaprendizagem de Língua Portuguesa.

Due to the increasing requirements for continuous competence development in the manufacturing industry, workplace training and e-learning combined builds a new education platform. Such initiatives and educational models have increasingly been studied as work-integrated e-learning focusing on how organizations are trying to increasingly incorporate higher education at the work place, and how higher education can benefit from close cooperation with organizations. This thesis work investigate challenges among experienced higher education teachers who are going to design and implement course modules as a work-integrated e-learning initiative based on demands from several manufacturing industries in West Sweden. During the project, the required 20-40 course credits (ECTS) will be divided into smaller course modules, consisting of about 2-5 credits in order to meet demands of flexibility and time sensitiveness from participating manufacturing companies. As it is a cooperative project, the course modules could be tailored according to different requirements from the companies. The course modules are focusing on industrial automation, flexible and virtual automation, robotics, simulation based manufacturing, production systems and precision engineering among other fields within production technology. The research method is abduction with qualitative research, and the empirical data is collected through interviews. Through an abductive approach teachers subjective experiences were analyzed in accordance to how they expressed their challenges in relation to how to design courses with flexible pedagogical set ups, incorporating course content and what digital technology best matched these aspects. Based on these analyses, the design guideline was constructed in relation to the analysis and to previous research of collaborative learning and engineering education. The guideline for engineering teaching in production technology suggests a new pedagogical approach of work-integrated e-learning. The guideline is expected to help teachers to design and implement work-integrated e-learning course modules in the production technology field. As a result, the outcome of the guideline could contribute to the development of work-integrated e-learning as a more effective learning approach for competence development for engineering teachers

The Program Institutional Scholarships Initiation to Teaching (Brazil / 2009) is intended for academic degrees of conducting inserts in basic education, and aims to improve teacher training. The PIBID the Federal University of Santa Maria includes nineteen (19) sub-projects related to undergraduate education, while Institutional initiative connected to the Dean of Graduate, which provides a virtual learning environment - Moodle / Prograd for this and other programs use to store courseware. This work aims to study the issue, with regard to communication and interaction of the participants of this project. As a general goal want to search the collaborative learning among the participants of PIBID / UFSM using the Virtual Learning Environment Moodle / Prograd. In this academic study initiation scholarship to teaching, supervising teachers and area coordinators teachers of four (4) sub-projects. We used case study with a qualitative approach to analyze the responses and as a tool for data collection, non-participant observation and questionnaires were used. Research shows that the use of this environment enhances the communication and interaction of those involved as well as practical encourages collaborative learning and may eventually envision a collaborative network using Moodle and thus give more visibility to the work carried out and facilitate exchanges of information and knowledge between participants PIBID UFSM and other education institutions. / O Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência (Brasil/2009) é destinado a acadêmicos das licenciaturas, realizando inserções na Educação Básica e visando a melhorar a formação docente. O PIBID da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria contempla 19 (dezenove) subprojetos ligados às licenciaturas. Enquanto projeto Institucional está vinculado à Pró-Reitoria de Graduação, que disponibiliza um ambiente virtual de aprendizagem Moodle/Prograd, para esse e outros programas utilizarem como repositório de material didático. Este trabalho objetiva estudar a problemática, no que diz respeito à comunicação e à interação dos participantes deste projeto. Como objetivo geral, busca pesquisar a aprendizagem colaborativa entre os participantes do PIBID/UFSM, utilizando o Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem Moodle/Prograd. Participaram deste estudo, acadêmicos de iniciação a docência, professores, supervisores e professores coordenadores de 4 (quatro) subprojetos. Utilizou-se o método estudo de caso, com abordagem qualitativa para análise das respostas e, como instrumento de coletas de dados, foram utilizados questionários e observação não participante. A investigação aponta que a utilização deste ambiente potencializa a comunicação e interação dos envolvidos, bem como estimula práticas de aprendizagem colaborativa, podendo, futuramente, vislumbrar uma rede colaborativa, utilizando o Moodle e, com isto, dar mais visibilidades aos trabalhos realizados e possibilitar trocas de informações e conhecimentos entre os participantes PIBID da UFSM e outras Instituições de Ensino.

Abstract The aim of this study was to explore metacognition, specifically socially shared metacognition within computer-supported collaborative problem solving. Another aim of this study was to find methodological solutions for uncovering how metacognition becomes visible and shared in group problem solving in a text-based and asynchronous learning environment. During this dissertation study, two empirical experiments were performed. Participants in the first experiment were secondary school students (N=16) who worked with the Knowledge Forum (KF) learning environment. In the second experiment, triads of pre-service teachers’ (N=18) problem solving was supported by the Workmates (WM) learning environment. The data of this study consist of discussion forum data, self-report questionnaires, and individual’s feeling of difficulty graphs. In the data analysis, quantitative and qualitative research methods, along with individual and group level analyses, were combined to provide a deeper understanding of the phenomena being studied. A qualitative content analysis of the computer notes at the cognitive, metacognitive and social level were first analysed at the individual level, which made visible individual thinking and characterized the nature of the online discussions. In the interpretation phase, the categorizations were interpreted as group level processes in order to examine the contextual development of collaborative problem solving. To accomplish this, a process-oriented graph of group problem solving was developed. Further, to understand how socially shared metacognition in group problem solving can be related to individual metacognition, especially metacognitive experiences, group members’ individual feelings of difficulty were combined with the results of the discussion forum data. The results of this study show that the process of socially shared metacognition is a differentiator in the success of a group’s mathematical problem solving. Socially shared metacognition requires that group members participate in joint problem solving intentionally and reciprocally, acknowledge each other’s thinking and develop their ideas further. In other words, the process of socially shared metacognition has intention to steering the discussion rather than exchanging ideas about possible ways to solve the tasks. Further, the results of this study suggest that if the process of socially shared metacognition emerges, then the most of students will be able to reduce their feelings of difficulty. The results of this study suggest that socially shared metacognition is a complex and extra-ordinary group-level phenomenon. Socially shared metacognition could become more visible if participants focus on analysing the task and verifying the process as well as the outcome of the problem solving instead of exploring and implementing various unelaborated solution efforts. While socially shared metacognition fosters success in group problem solving, it also helps individual’s thinking grow as a part of the group. / Tiivistelmä Tässä tutkimuksessa selvitetään metakognition, erityisesti sosiaalisesti jaetun metakognition, ilmenemistä tietokoneavusteisessa yhteisöllisessä matematiikan ongelmanratkaisussa. Tutkimuksen tavoitteena on myös kehittää aineiston analysointimenetelmiä metakognition ja erityisesti sosiaalisesti jaetun metakognition tutkimiseksi. Tutkimus koostuu kahdesta empiirisestä osatutkimuksesta. Ensimmäisessä tutkimuksessa koehenkilöinä olivat erään perusasteen yläkoulun seitsemännen luokan suomalaiset oppilaat. Toisessa tutkimuksessa koehenkilöinä toimivat ensimmäisen vuosikurssin suomalaiset luokanopettajaopiskelijat. Molemmissa tutkimuksissa yhteisöllisen ongelmanratkaisuprosessin tukena käytettiin tekstipohjaiseen, eriaikaiseen vuorovaikutukseen perustuvia oppimisympäristöjä: Knowledge Forumia ja Työporukkaa (engl. WorkMates, WM). Tutkimusaineisto koostuu verkkokeskustelukommenteista, kyselylomakkeista sekä ongelmanratkaisutehtävän jälkeen piirretyistä graafeista, jotka ilmentävät tehtävän aikana koettua vaikeuden tunnetta. Ongelmanratkaisuprosessia kuvaavassa analyysissa yhdistetään sekä kvalitatiivisia että kvantitatiivisia menetelmiä sosiaalisesti jaetun metakognition tutkimiseksi. Verkkokeskusteluaineistoa analysoidaan yksilötasolla kvalitatiivisen sisällönanalyysin periaatteiden mukaisesti. Osallistujien tallentamat verkkokeskustelukommentit on luokiteltu kognitiivisiksi, metakognitiivisiksi tai sosiaalisiksi viesteiksi. Viestien sisällön tulkinta perustuu ainoastaan kirjoitettuun tekstiin eikä osallistujien ajatteluun viestien taustalla. Verkkokeskusteluaineistoa tulkitaan ryhmätasolla erilaisten visualisointimenetelmien, kuten sosiaalisen verkostoanalyysin ja ryhmän ongelmanratkaisua kuvaavan graafin, avulla. Sosiaalisesti jaetun metakognition yhteyttä yksilön metakognitioon, erityisesti tehtävään liittyvään vaikeuden tunteeseen, tutkitaan ryhmän ongelmanratkaisua kuvaavien graafien, verkkokeskustelukommenttien ja ongelmanratkaisutehtävän jälkeen piirrettyjen tehtävän aikana koettua vaikeutta kuvaavien graafien avulla. Sosiaalisesti jaettua metakognitiota ei ilmene yleisesti ryhmän ongelmanratkaisussa. Tähän vaikuttaa muun muassa se, ettei ryhmissä kiinnitetä huomiota tehtävänantoon ja saadun ratkaisun oikeellisuuteen, vaan pääpaino ongelmanratkaisussa on ratkaisumenetelmien etsimisessä ja esitettyjen ehdotusten toteuttamisessa. Tämän tutkimuksen tulokset kuitenkin osoittavat, että sosiaalisesti jaettu metakognitio on ilmiönä monitahoinen. Tulosten perusteella sosiaalisesti jaettu metakognitio on myös tärkeä tekijä ryhmän ongelmanratkaisussa. Onnistuneessa ongelmanratkaisussa ryhmän jäsenet sitoutuvat yhteiseen prosessiin ja toimivat vastavuoroisesti perustellen esittämänsä ajatukset sekä huomioiden ratkaisun kannalta tärkeät kysymykset ja ratkaisuehdotukset. Tällöin on mahdollista, että sosiaalisesti jaettu metakognitio vähentää useimpien ryhmän jäsenten kokemaa vaikeuden tunnetta. Sosiaalisesti jaetulla metakognitiolla näyttää olevan tärkeä tehtävä paitsi ryhmän myös yksilön ajattelussa.

Abstract The use of mobile devices, including mobile phones and tablets, is a growing trend in education. The practice has been widely technology driven and often justified simply by the importance of using new technology in a classroom and by claiming such devices to be important in reaching something referred to, although not that well defined, as 21st century skills. This thesis is one answer to the challenge represented by this development. It brings together theoretical ideas of scaffolding learning with collaborative scripts and the use of mobile devices as cognitive tools in a real life educational settings. This thesis has constructivist grounds and aims at exploring how to support collaborative learning when students have ill-structured problems and their activities are supported with mobile technologies. The study consists of three case studies, which together form an example of how important it is to design, develop and deliver lightweight digital tools and activities for learners to construct knowledge. Overall, the results of three case studies in this thesis confirms that it is a dubious assumption that learners will automatically take appropriate and measured advantage of the affordances of mobile devices and other emergent technologies involved in cognitive activities: rather, these cognitive tools require deliberate attention and effort from learners to make use of the affordances of the tools. Furthermore, results from the case studies reveal that personal factors such as students’ prior knowledge and their metacognitive and collaborative skills, as well as contextual cues such as cultural compatibility and instructional methods, influence student engagement. / Tiivistelmä Mobiililaitteiden, kuten puhelinten ja tabletien, opetuskäyttö lisääntyy hyvää vauhtia. Aihepiiri on ollut teknologiavetoinen, opetuskäyttöä on perusteltu lähinnä tarkemmin määrittelemättömillä 2000-luvun kansalaistaidoilla (21th century skills) ja uuden teknologian hyödyntämisen tärkeydellä. Tämä väitöskirja on teoreettisesti ja metodologisesti perusteltu vastine tähän keskusteluun. Tutkimus yhdistää pedagogista vaiheistamista ja kognitiivisia työkaluja käsittelevän teoreettisen viitekehyksen kolmeen todellisissa oppimistilanteissa tehtyyn kokeiluun. Työ koostuu kolmesta tapaustutkimuksesta, jotka yhdessä muodostavat esimerkin kuinka mobiililaitteiden avulla tuettua opiskelua voidaan suunnitella ja toteuttaa erilaisissa konteksteissa. Ensimmäisessä tapaustutkimuksessa tutkittiin maantieteellisesti hajautuneen opetusta suunnittelevan yhteisön vuorovaikutusta. Toisessa tapaustutkimuksessa selvitettiin kuinka tukea luontopolkutyöskentelyä mobiilisovellusten avulla. Kolmannessa tapaustutkimuksessa tutkittiin yliopisto-opiskelijoiden opintojen tukemista mobiilin sosiaalisen median sovelluksia hyödyntäen. Kolme tapaustutkimusta osoittavat että oppilaiden ei voida olettaa automaattisesti osaavan hyödyntää uusinta teknologiaa ja pedagogisia menetelmiä opiskelunsa tukena. Päinvastoin, käyttäminen vaatii opiskelijoilta paljon päämäärätietoista ponnistelua. Henkilökohtaiset tekijät, kuten aiemmat kokemukset, opiskelutaidot, mutta myös tilannesidonnaiset tekijät kuten opetusmenetelmät vaikuttavat opiskelijoiden kykyyn hyödyntää uutta teknologiaa opiskelussa.

The University of Pretoria offers the course <i.Use of the Internet in Education and Training (RBO 880) since 1997. This module is presented as an online course with minimum face to face interaction between facilitator and learners. The research documents and analyses the activities, cyber artefacts, documentation, interactions and challenges, constructed and designed by the facilitator and learners’ that formed part of this module. This literature review comprises an exploration into five different aspects of online learning under different headings specifically: learning theories, eLearning, virtual communities, adult Learning characteristics adult motivation and instructional design principles. This research reports only on one main research question: What can be learnt from the continuous presentation of the module Use of the Internet in Education and Training (RBO 880)? The research design and the methodology that will be followed during a properly development research approach is functional in this particular context (RBO 880) and enables the researcher to address the research question, that falls within the scope of this research study. The researcher explores multiple perceptions, to ensure trustworthiness of data and analyses of the module that is presented and analysed. The researcher analyses selected aspects of the design, development and implementation of the RBO 880 module from an exploration of a selection of its artefacts. As a prelude to each facet of this analysis, the researcher will present and explore a cyber artefact retrieved from the cyber archives. In this archive is stored a great variety of electronic source documents representative of the six years during which the module RBO 880 were presented. The substantive reflection combines the findings with the literature review. The researcher attempts to construct a balance by providing some critique against the presentation of the RBO 880 module as part of the conclusions. The conclusions reached in this research answers the research question and might prove useful in future research, for researchers’ organisational specialist, readers, online facilitators and curriculum designers, into training and learning that takes place through the medium of the Internet. / Dissertation (MEd (Computer Intergrated Education))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Curriculum Studies / MEd / unrestricted

Skolverket har skrivit rapporter om förstelärare generellt. Syftet med denna studie var att exemplifiera vad försteläraren i matematik gör och vad det kan medföra, både för kollegor och elever. I studien genomfördes kvalitativa intervjuer med sju förstelärare i matematik vilket synliggjorde exempel på hur förstelärare i matematik arbetar och vad de upplever att det har för effekter. Studiens resultat visade bland annat att det förstelärarna i matematik gör i sitt uppdrag skiljer sig markant. En förstelärare gör i princip ingenting i sitt uppdrag mer än att ha en titel. En annan förstelärare arbetar aktivt med screening för att bedöma elevers kunskaper i matematik, möjliggör för undervisning av praktisk matematik och driver projekt för att kompetensutveckla lärarkollegor i kommunen. Förstelärarnas arbete sker på olika villkor. Villkoren handlar bland annat om vilken tid som finns avsatt för uppdraget, hur stort antal elever som går på skolan försteläraren arbetar på och vilka andra projekt som drivs parallellt på skolan. Något som är avgörande för hur förstelärarens insatser ser ut är dels hur engagerade huvudmännen i form av rektorer och skolchefer är och vilka krav de ställer, dels hur passionerad och drivande försteläraren själv är. / The Swedish national agency of education has written reports about what the first-teacher do in general. The purpose with this study is to exemplify what the first-teacher in mathematics do and what it possibly can result in, both for colleagues and pupils. By making qualitative interviews with seven first-teachers in mathematics the study illustrates how they work and what outcome they experience. The results show that the first-teacher assignments differs, for example, one teacher does nothing above her regular teaching in her assignment more than having a title. Another first-teacher actively work with screening to assess pupils’ knowledge in mathematics, enables teaching of practical mathematics and is responsible for different projects in developing competence for colleagues. The first-teachers work is done under different conditions, such as time assigned to the mission, number of pupils at the school they work at and other on-going projects. Something that is crucial for the first-teacher efforts is, in part, how committed principal and school leadersare, and what demands they make, partly how passionate and skilful the first-teacher is herself.

A avaliação é um componente curricular de fundamental importância para o sucesso pedagógico de qualquer curso e a avaliação de desempenho por provas individuais tem sido o método mais comumente utilizado para a aferição do conhecimento dos alunos. Este trabalho propõe uma visão sobre as provas realizadas em grupo e sua contribuição no processo de cognição, interação e engajamento dos alunos em um curso de Bioquímica Básica, de forma que as avaliações em grupo possam servir de instrumentos de avaliação e também instrução. Para a investigação, foram utilizadas disciplinas que têm uma estratégia de ensino do tipo aprendizado colaborativo. As notas das avaliações individuais e em grupo foram coletadas e tratadas estatisticamente. Foram utilizados também um questionário baseado no modelo de Likert, e entrevistas semiestruturadas para verificar as percepções dos alunos em relação ao processo. Os dados dos questionários que foram coletados sugerem eficiência das avaliações em grupo como método de instrução e de avaliação, com alto grau de concordância com afirmações favoráveis à hipótese de que as avaliações em grupo trazem grandes benefícios no ensino de Bioquímica. A análise das entrevistas semiestruturadas revelou resultados que concordam com aqueles obtidos nos questionários e sugerem que as avaliações em grupo trouxeram significativa melhora no aprendizado e no interesse pela Bioquímica. / Assessment is a curriculum component that plays an important role in the success of any educational course. Nowadays, the performance evaluation per individual exams is the most common method used to gauge students\' knowledge. This paper proposes an alternative view on exams conducted in groups and their contribution in the process of cognition, interaction and engagement of students in a course of Basic Biochemistry. According to this proposal, group evaluations can serve as an assessment tool as well as instructional. For this research, we selected disciplines that use a teaching strategy based on collaborative learning. The grades of individual and group assessments were collected and processed statistically. We also used a questionnaire based on Likert model, and semi-structured interviews to check the perceptions of the students regarding the process. The data collected from the questionnaires suggest the efficiency of group evaluations as a method of instruction and assessment, showing a great number of statements in favor of the hypothesis that the exams conducted in groups are beneficial in teaching of Biochemistry. The analysis of semi-structured interviews revealed results that concur with those obtained in the questionnaires and suggest that group evaluations have brought significant improvement in learning and interest in Biochemistry