Main issue of this master´s thesis deals with high-frequency pulsations caused by cavitating hydraulic components (in this case nozzle and throttle valve). In first measurement on the nozzle was not a high-frequency sensor set in the way, so the evaluation was incorrect. After re-setting of the way was the nozzle measured again and the pulsations were evaluated correct this time. During the last measurement was the sensor located behind the throttle valve, which was with gradual opening and cavitation treatment measured. Resulting dependencies worked out on time dependence. A special mathematical method, Fourier transformation, was used. It transformed pressure amplitudes into frequency dependence. Evaluation of dependecies is the basic step for frequency band assesment, in which the cavitation on particular components happens.

The thesis deals with the comparison and selection of a suitable system of curing powder coatings. The work includes a literature review focused on the issue of powder coating. In the experimental part of the work will be carried out techno-economic analysis of the suitability of each technology for curing parts in a conventional and catalytic infrared oven.

Dans cette thèse, on étudie des problèmes de propagation du chaos et de limite de champ moyen pour des modèles relatant le comportement collectif d'individus ou de particules. Particulièrement, on se place dans des cas où l'interaction entre ces individus/particules est discontinue. Le premier travail établit la propagation du chaos pour l'équation de Vlasov-Poisson-Fokker-Planck 1d. Plus précisément, on montre que la distribution des particules évoluant sur la droite des réels interagissant via la fonction signe, converge vers la solution de l'équation de VPFP 1d, en probabilité par des techniques de type grandes déviations, et en espérance par des techniques de loi des grands nombre. Dans le second travail, on étudie une variante du modèle de Cucker-Smale, où le noyau de communication est l'indicatrice d'un cône dont l'orientation dépend de la vitesse de l'individu. Une estimation de stabilité fort-faible en distance de M.K.W. est obtenue, qui implique la limite de champ moyen. Le troisième travail a consisté à introduire de la diffusion en vitesse dans le modèle précédemment cité. Cependant, il faut ajouter une diffusion tronquée afin de préserver un système dans lequel les vitesses restent uniformément bornées. Finalement, on étudie une variante de l'équation d'agrégation où l'interaction entre individus est donnée par un cône dont l'orientation dépend de la position de l'individu. Dans ce cas on peut seulement donner une estimation de stabilité fort-faible en distance $W_\infty$, et le modèle doit être posé dans un domaine borné dans le cas avec diffusion. / In this thesis, we study some propagation of chaos and mean field limit problems arising in modelisation of collective behavior of individuals or particles. Particularly, we set ourselves in the case where the interaction between the individuals/particles is discontinuous. The first work establihes the propagation of chaos for the 1d Vlasov-Poisson-Fokker-Planck equation. More precisely, we show that the distribution of particles evolving on the real line and interacting through the sign function converges to the solution of the 1d VPFP equation, in probability by large deviations-like techniques, and in expectation by law of large numbers-like techniques. In the second work, we study a variant of the Cucker-Smale, where the communication weight is the indicatrix function of a cone which orientation depends on the velocity of the individual. Some weak-strong stability estimate in M.K.W. distance is obtained for the limit equation, which implies the mean field limit. The third work consists in adding some diffusion in velocity to the model previously quoted. However one must add some truncated diffusion in order to preserve a system in which velocities remain unifomrly bounded. Finally we study a variant of the aggregation equation where the interaction between individuals is also given by a cone which orientation depends on the position of the individual. In this case we are only able to provide some weak-strong stability estimate in $W_\infty$ distance, and the problem must be set in a bounded domain for the case with diffusion.

This thesis deals with the issue of smoking as a social deviation. It focuses mainly on when and under what conditions smoking in the Czech Republic becomes a social deviation. The thesis points out that nowadays there are ideal conditions for smoking to become a social deviation. There are, in particular, two reasons for that: First, smoking is unhealthy and second, there is a new international trend of health promotion which is very popular today. The core of the theoretical part is represented by a chapter on social deviation which also includes the issues of social norms and presentation of smoking as a social deviation. Smoking becomes a social deviation in cases of breach of formal norms defined by the legal provisions regulating smoking. The thesis, therefore, includes a detailed inventory of all legal measures regulating smoking in the Czech Republic. The practical part addresses the views of students of social science disciplines regarding smoking as a social deviation. Students demonstrated a very good knowledge of the given issues. They do not perceive smoking as a social deviation, nevertheless, they suggested three new regulatory measures which in their opinion should strengthen the statutory regulation. By this, they also pointed out other cases of potentially socially deviant smoking.

The following thesis "Labelling as a part of a pedagogical discourse at a secondary pedagogical school" discusses the labelling process within the pedagogical discourse. The thesis aims to identify discursive practices used by teachers during the labelling process when evaluating their students, as well as to present different kinds of labels and areas that are considered either an asset or are deemed undesirable by teachers. Consequently, the thesis is of a theoretical-empirical nature. The theoretical part focuses on symbolic interactionism, labelling theory, and possible forms of pedagogical discourse. Furthermore, this part covers possible errors in social perception and areas that are most likely to result in a label being assigned to a student. In addition, considerable attention is paid to the typology of teacher personalities, school and class environments, or the impacts of the "hidden" curriculum. The empirical part introduces readers to qualitative research carried out in the form of participant observation at a pedagogical high school. Based on the research analysis the thesis proceeds to describe teachers labelling behaviour and presents a list of possible labels, including their differences. Key words: labelling, social deviation, social perception, education discource, hidden...

Infrastrukturella projekt har ofta kalkylavvikelser, vilket har varit huvudanledningen till inriktningen för detta examensarbete. Rapporten beskriver mot en teoretisk referensram, kostnadskalkylering vid olika skeden i byggprocessen. Det redogörs hur kalkyleringen förändras och blir mer detaljerad i takt med att fler faktorer om det aktuella projektet efterhand blir kända. I rapporten läggs viss tyngdpunkt på uppföljningar av fyra stycken infraprojekt som kalkylerats hos Bygganalys på ÅF-Infrastructure AB. Kalkylerna har gjorts på uppdrag av beställaren Stockholms stad trafikkontor. Kostnadsuppskattningarna har ställts mot respektive entreprenörs anbudskalkyl/prissatta mängdförteckning för att identifiera vilka kostnadsposter som bidrar till kalkylavvikelser för de fyra projekten. Det redovisas även en uppföljning av den uppskattade ÄTA-summan som gjorts av Bygganalys för projekten, vilket ställts mot den verkliga ÄTA-summan. I uppföljningen av ÄTA-posterna har det även gjorts en identifikation av vilka avvikelser som orsakats av projekteringsfel och vilka som berott på ändrad arbetsomfattning eller kvalitetshöjande arbeten. I rapporten förekommer även slutsatser om orsaker till avvikelserna i kostnadsuppskattningarna och en redogörelse om vad avvikelserna kan bero på. / Infrastructural projects do often have calculated deviations, which has been the main reason to the selected orientation for this exam report. The report describes against a theoretical framework, cost accounting at different stages in the building process and how the calculations change and get more detailed as more factors about the current project gradually becomes known. The point of balance in the report is put on follow-ups of four infraprojects that has been calculated on Bygganalys at ÅF-infrastructure AB in request of the client Stockholm city traffic office. The calculations have been set against each entrepreneurs tender document/priced amount list to identify which costing post that contributes to the calculated deviation for the four projects. It also describes a follow-up of the estimated changed, additional and outgoing work sum that has been made by Bygganalys for the projects, which has been pledged against the actual outcome for changed, additional and outgoing work sum. In the follow-up of changed, additional and outgoing work posts it has also been made an identification of which deviations that has been caused by project planning failures and which that has been caused by changes in the amount of work or quality improvements.

Familj har historiskt sett konstruerats och framställts som mamma, pappa, barn, vilket har standardiserat en samhällsnorm om den ideala familjen. Det finns normer och föreställningar om vad som är ett bra föräldraskap och vilka förmågor en förälder ska ha. En kärnuppgift för socialsekreterare i barnutredningar är att göra riskbedömningar och bedöma föräldraförmåga. En kartläggning från 2021 visade att det fanns brister i två tredjedelar av ärendena gällande barn. Syftet med denna studie är att få en fördjupad förståelse för socialsekreterares tolkningar av det goda, det bristande och det ”tillräckligt bra” föräldraskapet i barnutredningar. För att besvara studiens frågeställningar har sex socialsekreterare fått ta del av en vinjett att resonera kring i enskilda intervjuer. Datamaterialet har sedan analyserats i relation till tidigare forskning och med socialkonstruktivism som teoretisk utgångspunkt. Resultatet visade att bedömningar av föräldraförmåga är ett komplext arbete. Deltagarna lyfter svårigheterna med att applicera begreppet ”tillräckligt bra” i praktiken. Det arbete som görs då föräldraförmåga bedöms kategoriseras som ett socialt hantverk. Resultatet belyste även en organisatorisk komplexitet som innebär att utredningar görs av socialsekreterare men fastställande om ingripande insatser beslutas av annan part baserat på socialsekreterarnas subjektiva utredningar. / Historically family has been constructed and presented as mother, father, child, which has standardized a societal norm as the ideal family. There are norms and perceptions of what constitutes good parenting and what abilities a good parent should have. A core task for social workers in child investigations is to make risk-assessments and assess parenting ability. A mapping from 2021 showed that there were shortcomings in two thirds of cases concerning children. The purpose of this study was to gain an in-depth understanding of social workers' interpretations of the good, the deficient and the "good enough" parenting in child investigations. To answer the questions of the study, six social workers were given a vignette to resonate about in individual interviews. The collected material was analyzed along with previous research and social constructivism as a theoretical perspective. The results showed that assessing parental abilities is a complex work. The participants highlight the difficulties of practically applying “good enough” in their work. Assessing parental abilities is categorized as a social craft. The results also highlighted an organizational complexity, as assessments are performed by social workers whereas decisions about interventions are decided by another part, however based on their subjective investigations.

Alla företag arbetar på ett eller annat sätt med processer, och hur effektiva processflödena är har stor betydelse för ett företags framgång. Avvikelsehantering är en central företagsintern process som ska ombesörja att problem som uppstår åtgärdas och att konsekvenser minimeras, men även säkerställa att företaget drar lärdomar av det som hänt så att problemet inte uppstår igen. I denna studie identifieras förbättringsmöjligheter i en avvikelsehanteringsprocess genom kartläggning av processen, analys av brister och framtagning av förslag på åtgärder. Brister definieras som olika typer av problem som kan kopplas till processen. Teorier kring processförbättringar såsom processledning, flödeseffektivitet samt angreppssätt för att hantera dessa såsom TQM och Lean har legat till grund för arbetet. Vidare har teorier kring avvikelsehantering tillämpats. Studien utfördes på ett enskilt fall och med en kvalitativt inriktad forskningsmetod. För att samla in data utfördes observationer, intervjuer och insamling av dokument. Insamlad data analyserades med stöd av modeller och verktyg såsom Ishikawa, 10M och brainstorming. Resultatet visade att det fanns flertalet brister i den studerade avvikelsehanteringsprocessen. Identifierade brister kopplas till avsaknad av samsyn kring process och arbetssätt, avsaknad av resurs, roller och ansvar inom avvikelsehantering samt samsyn med leverantör och kontroller av exempelvis mått, ritningar och ankomstkontroller av komponenter. Vidare presenteras 11 lämpliga åtgärdsförslag för att hantera de identifierade bristerna. En implementering av föreslagna åtgärder möjliggör för fallföretaget att effektivisera och kvalitetssäkra arbetet genom ett tydligare fokus på processer och systematiskt förbättringsarbete. / All companies work in one way or another with processes, and how efficient the process flows are is of great importance for a company's success. Deviation management is a central company- internal process that must ensure that problems that arise are remedied and that consequences are minimized. The purpose of the study is to identify improvements within the deviation management process. Theories about process improvements such as process management, flow efficiency and approaches to managing these such as TQM and Lean has served as foundation for the work. Furthermore theories about deviation management have been used. The study was performed as a single-case study with a qualitatively focused research method. To collect data observations, interviews and document collection were performed. Collected data were analyzed with the support of models and tools such as Ishikawa, 10M and brainstorming. The results showed that there were several shortcomings in the deviation management process. Identified shortcomings are linked to a lack of consensus on the process and working methods, a lack of resources, roles and responsibilities for deviation management, and a consensus with the supplier and controls of measures, drawings and arrival controls of components. 11 improvements were identified and presented related to identified shortcomings. Implementation of the proposed improvements could enable the company to streamline and assure quality through a clearer focus on processes and quality management.

No description available.

<p>This dissertation includes my research works during Ph.D. career about three different kinds of random walks in (dynamical) random environments. It includes my two published papers “Functional weak limit of random walks in cooling random environments” which has been published in electronic communications in probability in 2020, and “Variable speed symmetric random walk driven by the simple symmetric exclusion process” which is the joint work with Peterson and Menezes and has been published in electronic journals of probability in 2021. This dissertation also includes my two other projects, one is the joint work with Janjigian and Emrah about moderate deviation and exit time estimates in integrable directed polymer models. The other one is the joint work with Peterson and Conrado that extends the weak limit of random walks in cooling randon environments with underlying environment is in the transient case.</p>