Estudo de abordagem qualitativa que teve como objetivos conhecer e analisar a percepção dos profissionais de saúde e dos usuários do SUS, sobre a violência de gênero e a compreensão da notificação compulsória de violência contra a mulher no conjunto das ações de enfrentamento, a fim de elencar subsídios para elaboração de um projeto conjunto de intervenção na realidade. O estudo foi realizado com profissionais de saúde representantes das doze unidades da Estratégia de Saúde da Família do Distrito do Capão Redondo, profissionais da Coordenadoria Regional de Saúde Sul e usuários do SUS da mesma região. Os dados foram coletados durante a realização de três sessões de uma Oficina de Trabalho em que os discursos grupais foram gravados, transcritos e submetidos à análise de conteúdo. Os resultados foram analisados segundo as categorias analíticas de gênero e violência de gênero. Os resultados mostram que os grupos possuem uma visão conservadora acerca da construção da masculinidade e feminilidade, evidente pela confirmação de papéis idealizados para o homem e para a mulher, revelando estereótipos próprios do senso comum: homem - provedor e mulher - cuidadora. O grupo reconhece a violência de gênero como violação dos direitos humanos e a interface que ela possui com a saúde. As dificuldades de enfrentamento encontram-se no despreparo dos profissionais de saúde quanto ao reconhecimento e atendimento às mulheres em situação de violência. Associado a isso, está o desconhecimento dos caminhos utilizados para o enfrentamento do problema. Quanto à notificação compulsória da violência, constatou-se que reconhecem a inexistência da utilização do serviço, a despeito da sua importância para conferir visibilidade aos casos de violência. Consideram importante a elaboração de políticas públicas a partir da realidade constatada. No entanto, não diferenciam a notificação compulsória da denúncia por meio de Boletim de Ocorrência. O desconhecimento de todo o processo que envolve a notificação de violência gera desconforto e medo tanto nos profissionais quanto nos usuários. As propostas de intervenção discutidas pelo grupo incluem a capacitação dos profissionais de saúde para o atendimento e a realização da notificação, associada à definição de fluxos e à construção de uma rede de atenção às mulheres em situação de violência. / Qualitative approach study with the objective of knowing and analyzing the perceptions of health professionals and SUS users about violence of gender and their understanding of the mandatory report of violence against women in the set of actions for facing the problem, in order to recruit subsidy for the elaboration of a combined project of intervention in that reality. The study was performed with health professionals representing the twelve units of Family Health Strategy of the District of Capao Redondo, professionals from the Southern Regional Health Coordination and SUS users from that same region. Data was collected during three sessions of a Workshop when the group discussions were recorded, transcribed and submitted for content analysis. The results were analyzed according to the analytical categories of gender and gender violence. The end results reveal that the groups possess a conservative vision about the construction of masculinity and femininity. This was evidenced by the confirmation of roles idealized for man and woman, which revealed common sense stereotypes: man provider and woman keeper. The group recognizes that violence of gender is a violation of human rights and that it interferes with health. Setbacks in facing the situation reside in the health professionals lack of preparation regarding the recognition and service to women in violence situations. Associated with that, is the lack of knowledge regarding the ways to face the problem. As for the mandatory report of violence, it was found that they recognize this service is not used, despite its importance to confer visibility to violence cases. They consider important the elaboration of public politics based on the reality found out. However, they do not differentiate the report [notification] and the accusation (Police Report). The lack of knowledge about the entire process involving the report of violence generates discomfort and fear both in professionals and users. The intervention proposals discussed by the group include enabling health professionals to serve and to use the report associated with the definition of flow and the development of an attention network to serve women in violence situations.

O presente trabalho tem por finalidade apresentar algumas contribuições da Medicina Legal para a compreensão da violência doméstica contra a mulher. Para tanto, o trabalho parte de uma visão geral sobre a violência como fenômeno social para se chegar à ideia de violência de gênero, na qual a violência doméstica contra a mulher se encontra inserida. Após, são apresentados alguns documentos internacionais sobre violência contra a mulher para se chegar ao processo de formação da Lei nº 11.340/06. As inovações da Lei nº 11.340/06 quanto ao crime de lesão corporal são apresentadas a seguir, culminando com a apresentação de tópicos de relevância médico-legal pertinentes à questão da violência doméstica contra a mulher. / The present work aims to present some contributions of Forensic Medicine to understanding domestic violence against women. To this end, the work presents an overview of violence as a social phenomenon to arrive at the idea of gender violence, in which domestic violence against women is inserted. In the following, some international documents on violence against women are presented to reach at Lei nº 11.340/06s formation process. The innovations of Lei nº 11.340/06 regarding the crime of personal physical injury are presented below, culminating with the presentation of relevant topics pertaining to the medical-legal issue of domestic violence against women.

Esta tese acompanha as narrativas sobre trajetos e experiências de sofrimento, amor e dor enunciados por mulheres que vivem relacionamentos amorosos violentos ou destrutivos. Concentrei-me sobre aquelas mulheres que procuraram por centros, associações de referência e apoio à mulher em situação e violência doméstica e conjugal, assim como por grupos de autoajuda voltados para mulheres que sofrem por amar demais. Desta forma, a pesquisa de campo desta tese desenvolveu-se no Centro de Referência e Apoio à Mulher (CEAMO), na associação francesa Libres Terres des Femmes (LTDF) e no grupo de autoajuda Mulheres que Amam Demais (MADA Campinas Posso Ajudar). Se ir até o fim era um consenso entre as mulheres que acompanhei em minha pesquisa de campo, meu interesse era conhecer em que consistia esse pensamento e quais os impactos concretos na vida dessas mulheres. Assim, de um lado, o trabalho procura refletir sobre como o entendimento das mulheres acerca de noções sobre sofrimento, violência e doença, assim como as expectativas sobre amor e relacionamentos, acionam possibilidades de enfrentamento da violência doméstica ou de recuperação da dependência de relacionamentos destrutivos. A partir disso, aquilo que as faz permanecer nesses relacionamentos e os eventos que as impelem a mudanças de trajetos foram questões importantes para acompanhar as múltiplas maneiras de habitar entre os limites de suportar o sofrimento. De outro lado, esta pesquisa procurou pensar a constituição de tecnologias de produção de subjetividades a partir das Pedagogias do Cuidado de Si. Essas técnicas corporais e emotivas de exercício cotidiano de mudanças de pensamentos e condutas têm como principal intuito a busca de um bem viver, de uma vida saudável e sem violência. As Pedagogias do Cuidado de Si são produtos da articulação entre experiências enunciadas pelas mulheres nos diversos espaços da pesquisa (afetos, noções difusas sobre uma psicologia popularizada e moralidades religiosas) e o saber-fazer profissional, atravessados por suas moralidades, afetos e corporalidades. Esta tese se propôs a refletir sobre a produção de tecnologias de subjetividades a partir de histórias pessoais e dos afetos que atravessam experiências, trabalho profissional e grupos terapêuticos, produzindo sujeitos políticos e formas afetivas e morais de atendimento. / This thesis accompanies narratives about paths and experiences of suffering, love and pain reported by women who live violent or destructive love relationships. I focused on those women who sought centers, referral and support\'s associations for women in domestic and marital violences situations, as well as self-help groups that were headed to orient women who suffer from too much love. In this way, the researchs field of this thesis was developed at the Center for Reference and Support to Women (CEAMO), the French association Libres Terres des Femmes (LTDF) and the self-helps group Women Who Love Too Much (MADA Campinas - I Can Help). If going to the end was a consensus among the women that I followed in my field research, my interest was to know what that thought was consisted in and what were the concrete impacts on these womens life. Thus, on the one hand, the work seeks to reflect on how women\'s understanding about notions of suffering, violence and illness, as well as expectations about love and relationships could trigger possibilities for tackling domestic violence or recovering from dependence on destructive relationships. Therefore, what makes them stay in these relationships and the events that push them to change paths were important questions to keep up with the multiple ways of to dwell between the bearable limits of suffering. On the other hand, this research tried to think about the constitution of the production of subjectivity technology from the Pedagogies of Care of the Self. These corporal and emotional techniques of daily exercise of changing thoughts and conducts have as main intention the search for a good live, a healthy life without violence. The Pedagogies of Care of the Self are products from the articulation between enunciated experiences by women in the different spaces of research (affections, diffused notions about a \"popularized psychology\" and religious morals) and professional know-how, crossed by their morals, affections and corporalities. This thesis circumscribed about the production of technologies of subjectivity from personal histories and affections that cross experiences, professional work and therapeutic groups, producing political individuals and affective and moral forms of acceptance.

Cette thèse se propose d’analyser la trajectoires de femmes ayant participé au conflit armé péruvien entre 1980 et 2000. La perspective de genre prime ici sur les divisions politiques et idéologiques ayant opposé les différents acteurs du conflit. Elle permet de proposer une nouvelle approche du phénomène de violence armée mais aussi des questions liées aux problématiques de résolution de conflit et de réconciliation. Ce travail montre comment la difficile réintégration des femmes à la société civile après le conflit s’accompagne d’un phénomène de violence de genre qui peut être envisagé comme le prolongement de la violence armée mais aussi comme un instrument de pouvoir institutionnalisé au sein de la société péruvienne. Cette recherche s’appuie sur un travail de terrain approfondi, réalisé principalement à la prison de haute sécurité de Chorrillos à Lima, mais aussi dans le département d’Ayacucho. Elle met en avant l’évolution des diverses dynamiques d’interdépendance entre les sphères privées et publique, et leur enjeu dans la renormalisation des rapports sociaux après un conflit armé. / This investigation analyzes the participation of women in Peruvian armed conflict between 1980 and 2000 as well as their reintegration to civil life. The gender perspective exceeds political and ideological divisions of actors who got confronted during conflict. It helps to show a new approach of armed violence phenomenon as well as topics of conflict resolution. This work demonstrates how the difficult reintegration of female ex combatants to civil society comes with a gender violence which can be interpreted as an extension of armed violence as well as a reflect of the power institutionalized in Peruvian society. This investigation leans on a long field work most of it realized in maximum security prison in Lima. It emphasizes the evolution of interdependence between private and public spheres, which control is identified as a stake for the renormalization of social gender relationships after an armed conflict.

En el Perú, la violencia contra los miembros del grupo familiar cobra vidas y deja graves secuelas en aquellos que logran sobrevivir. Según datos del Ministerio de la Mujer y Poblaciones Vulnerables, el 74% de niños y niñas sufren de violencia física y/o psicológica, cada 20 minutos se registra una denuncia por violación y en los últimos 10 años, más de 1150 mujeres han muerto a manos de su pareja, ex pareja o familiar cercano. Pese a las alarmantes cifras, y a la legislación existente a favor de cuidar a los miembros del núcleo familiar, nuestro país carece de la infraestructura necesaria que ayude a las víctimas a salir del circulo violento en el que se encuentran y tener una vida mejor. Los Entes encargados han cumplido con los Tratados Internacionales que obligan al Estado a brindar apoyo y protección a medias. El Gobierno dispone de edificaciones existentes, que no están preparadas para el uso requerido, y las acondiciona de forma mediocre, sin tener consideración por las necesidades del usuario y/o preocupación por cómo se podría reinsertar en la sociedad. El presente proyecto busca traducir los estudios teóricos de diversos entes especializados, en violencia familiar y de género, en arquitectura que permita a las víctimas no solo a superar la Ruta Crítica de Violencia sino también a convertirse en personas independientes y activas para el país. / In Perú, the domestic violence against women and children takes lives and leaves serious consequences on those who survive. According to the Women and Vulnerable Populations Office, 74% of children had suffered physical and psychologic violence, every 20 minutes a rape report is register at the police office and in the last 10 years, 1160 women has been killed by her ex-boyfriend, boyfriend, husband or someone close to her. Despite these alarming numbers and the existing legislation in favor of caring for the family members, our country lacks of infrastructure needed to the victims get out of their violent circle and have a better life. The Entities in charge have complied with the International Agreements that force the Government to give support and protection. The Government has places which aren’t prepared for some uses and have mediocrely condition it without consideration for the user needs or worried about the reinsert process. This project seeks to translate theoretical studies of the responsible entities, specialized in domestic violence or abuse, into architecture that allow victims not only to overcome the Critic Route but also became independent and active people. / Tesis

Gender violence in Mexico is a problem that affects its society on a long- term basis. Its most extreme form known as feminicide, that is a gender- based murder of women, appears with so much frequency that it can be considered a structural problem yet. Mexico is one of the countries with most cases in Latin America, however, insufficient and ineffective measures taken by the state facilitate their perpetration which is often immune from prosecution. This thesis aims to approximate the issue to the reader and explain the concept of feminicide in given context within its complexity. For that purpose, a process tracing analysis of two selected cases is done; starting from their perpetration to their sentencing by judicial instances. The sentences of both cases became very important milestones. The factors that contributed to the outcome are tracked and afterwards a comparison of tracked causal mechanisms is done. As it was already mentioned, the cases were not selected randomly. Not only are they important for their sentences, but moreover they took place in two Mexican states with traditionally high numbers of committed feminicides, that is in Chihuahua and Mexico State. The results of the analysis suggest that even though Mexico has signed the most important international conventions about women's...

La presente investigación exploró las representaciones sociales sobre misoginia en estudiantes varones de educación superior. Se realizó desde el paradigma cualitativo, con el enfoque fenomenológico hermenéutico. En el estudio participaron ocho varones, utilizándose la entrevista semiestructurada para recoger la información. Los resultados evidencian que, en la construcción de las subjetividades de estos jóvenes, aun se preservaban representaciones estereotipadas de género. Asimismo, mantienen una concepción difusa sobre la misoginia y sus diversas expresiones. Otro hallazgo central es que las subjetividades actuales se encuentran en proceso de “pseudo transformación”, que expresa el rechazo de violencia de género en su discurso y la presencia de acciones misóginas en su accionar, lo que indica que aún no se puede hablar de una transformación integrada en las subjetividades de estos jóvenes. / The present research explored the social representations about misogyny in male students of higher education. It was carried out from the qualitative paradigm, with the hermeneutical phenomenological approach. Eight men participated in the study, using the semi-structured interview to collect the information. The results show that, in the construction of the subjectivities of these young people, stereotyped gender representations were still preserved. Likewise, they maintain a diffuse conception about misogyny and its various expressions. Another central finding is that current subjectivities are in the process of “pseudo transformation”, which expresses the rejection of gender violence in their discourse and the presence of misogynistic actions in their actions, which indicates that it is still not possible to speak of a transformation integrated into the subjectivities of these young people. / Tesis

El siguiente proyecto de tesis consiste de un Centro de Rehabilitación Integral para Víctimas de Violencia Doméstica en el distrito de Lurigancho – Chosica, dentro de la zona de Santa María de Huachipa. En el Perú, existe un problema cultural que se ha construido a través del tiempo, donde la mujer cumple un rol determinado colocándola por debajo del género masculino, lo cual se presenta en la desigualdad de poder entre miembros de la familia. Las víctimas de violencia familiar pueden desarrollar trastornos mentales o emocionales, y dificultades para desarrollarse en los aspectos más básicos de su vida cotidiana. Por ende, se plantea un Centro de Rehabilitación Integral, el cual brinde distintos servicios para restablecer y fortalecer la Salud Mental de estas personas. La salud mental tiene mayor peso cada día, y su rehabilitación se basa en un proceso desarrollado en conjunto por un equipo terapéutico multidisciplinario, que comprende actividades organizadas y planificadas con base en evidencia científica, dirigida al desarrollo de la máxima capacidad posible de habilidades y destrezas en las personas con trastornos mentales para mejorar su calidad de vida y lograr su reinserción y máximo nivel de rendimiento socio-laboral posible. Por lo tanto, este proyecto busca, mediante la arquitectura sensorial, contribuir en la recuperación de sus pacientes, a través del diseño de espacios que transmitan calidez, tranquilidad y una conexión interior-exterior. / The following thesis project consists of an Integral Rehabilitation Center for Victims of Domestic Violence in the district of Lurigancho - Chosica, within the Santa María de Huachipa area. In Peru, there is a cultural problem that has been built over time, where the woman fulfills a certain role by placing her below the male gender, which is presented in the inequality of power between family members. Victims of family violence can develop mental or emotional disorders, and difficulties to develop in the most basic aspects of their daily lives. Therefore, an Integral Rehabilitation Center has the purpose of providing different services to restore and strengthen Mental Health of these people. Mental health has greater weight every day, and its rehabilitation’s based on a process developed jointly by a multidisciplinary therapeutic team, which includes activities, organized and planned, based on scientific evidence, aimed at developing the maximum possible capacity of skills and abilities in people with mental disorders, to improve their quality of life and achieve their reintegration and maximum level of social-work performance possible. Therefore, this project seeks, through sensory architecture, to contribute to the recovery of its patients, through the design of spaces that transmit warmth, tranquility and an interior-exterior connection. / Tesis

El presente trabajo de investigación se titula “Acciones estratégicas para Prevenir y Atender la Violencia contra la Mujer en el Plan Nacional Contra la Violencia de Género 2016-2021 durante la Emergencia Sanitaria Declarada por el Covid-19”, el cual tiene por objetivo identificar el nivel de implementación de los mecanismos y de la acción estratégica para prevenir y atender la violencia contra la mujer en el marco de la declaratoria de emergencia sanitaria originada por el Covid-19 en el distrito de San Juan de Lurigancho, en Lima. Con el propósito de alcanzar los objetivos propuestos de la presente tesis se elaboró una investigación con enfoque mixto, es decir cuantitativo y cualitativo, en base a la aplicación de cuestionarios y entrevistas aplicadas tanto a funcionarios relacionados a las políticas de violencia de género, como a los usuarios de los Centros de Emergencia Mujer (CEM) del distrito de San Juan de Lurigancho, así como, analizar e identificar el nivel alcanzado por parte de la ejecución de mecanismos y acciones estratégicas que se emplearon en función de los hechos registrados por casos de violencia familiar y de género durante la emergencia sanitaria. Al respecto en base a este análisis, se presentará una propuesta y recomendaciones a fin de que el Ministerio de la Mujer y Poblaciones Vulnerables tome en consideración y a futuro se puedan implementar mejoras en la gestión, diseño de los planes y programas orientados al fortalecimiento institucional en favor de la igualdad de género y el bienestar de las mujeres de nuestro país en situaciones de emergencia. / This research work is titled "Strategic Actions to Prevent and Address Violence against Women in the National Plan Against Gender Violence 2016-2021 during the Health Emergency Declared by Covid-19", which aims to identify the level of implementation of the mechanisms and strategic action to prevent and address violence against women during the health emergency declared by Covid-19 in the district of San Juan de Lurigancho, in Lima. In order to achieve the proposed objectives of this thesis, an investigation was developed with a mixed approach, that is, quantitative and qualitative, based on the application of questionnaires and interviews applied both to officials related to gender violence policies, as well as to the users of the Women's Emergency Centers (CEM) of the district of San Juan de Lurigancho, as well as, analyze and identify the level reached by the implementation of mechanisms and strategic actions that were used in the framework of violence against women and gender during the health emergency declared by Covid-19. In this regard, based on this analysis, a proposal and recommendations will be presented so that the Ministry of Women and Vulnerable Populations take into consideration and in the future improvements can be implemented in the management and design of plans and programs oriented to the fight against violence against women and gender, in emergency situations. / Trabajo de investigación

En el Perú, la desigualdad de género contra la mujer es uno de los problemas que sigue persistiendo, la cifra de casos de violencia es alarmante y la continua discriminación hacia la mujer, prolonga una cultura de desigualdad. En la región Lambayeque, según el ranking de mujeres afectadas por violencia familiar y sexual atendidas por el Programa Nacional contra la Violencia Familiar y Sexual (PNCVF) que ofrece el MIMP, en los últimos 4 años, 2016 al 2019, se ha presentado un significante aumento de número de víctimas, el año 2016 presentó 704 casos y el 2019, 4188. Asimismo, Lambayeque se ha colocado en el tercer lugar de las regiones del norte del país con una alta tasa de feminicidio y sétima a nivel nacional, según el MIMP; es importante destacar que existe una alta demanda de víctimas y un déficit de centros de apoyo para la mujer. Por ende, el proyecto de tesis busca desarrollar un Centro Integral de Atención y Acogida para Mujeres Víctimas de Violencia ubicado en Chiclayo, capital de Lambayeque donde se encuentra la mayor cantidad de casos de violencia, con la finalidad de brindar protección y apoyo integral a la mujer. En consecuencia, el Centro va a contar con ambientes de albergue, para las víctimas en estado severo de vulnerabilidad; de rehabilitación, para su recuperación psicológica y física; y educativo, que contribuya al aprendizaje. Con el objetivo de que la mujer desarrolle habilidades y una mentalidad fuerte para reinsertarse a la sociedad con total empoderamiento. / In Peru, gender inequality against women is one of the problems that continues to persist, the number of cases of violence is alarming and the continuous discrimination against women prolongs a culture of inequality. In the Lambayeque region, according to the ranking of women affected by family and sexual violence attended by the National Program against Family and Sexual Violence (PNCVF) offered by the MIMP, in the last 4 years, 2016 to 2019, there has been a significant Increase in the number of victims, in 2016 there were 704 cases and in 2019, 4188. Likewise, Lambayeque has been placed in third place in the northern regions of the country with a high rate of femicide and seventh at the national level, according to the MIMP; It is important to note that there is a high demand for victims and a shortage of support centers for women. Therefore, the thesis project seeks to develop a Comprehensive Care and Reception Center for Women Victims of Violence located in Chiclayo, the capital of Lambayeque, where the largest number of cases of violence are found, in order to provide comprehensive protection and support to the woman. Consequently, the Center will have shelter environments for victims in a severe state of vulnerability; rehabilitation, for their psychological and physical recovery; and educational, which contributes to learning. With the aim that women develop skills and a strong mentality to reintegrate into society with total empowerment. / Tesis