Master thesis deals with the person of Jesus of Nazareth, his relationship to the phenomenon of poverty, and the analysis of texts about His encounter with a rich young man. The first chapter deals in detail with the historical Jesus in Mark's Gospel and also deals with the relationship between the historical Jesus and Mark in contemporary research. In the second chapter, the author deals in more detail with the genre called "parable" and tries to set out the possibilities of its interpretation. In the third chapter, the author examines the relationship of Jesus to poverty on several New Testament demonstrations. The fourth chapter is devoted to the exegesis and comparative analysis of the pericope in synoptic evangelists who are discussing the Jesus meeting with the rich young man.

In this thesis project, the aim is to explore displacements beyond the familiar usage in migration studies associated with ’human’ by using a new materialist/s understanding ofontology and agency. This approach opens the possibility to move beyond the understanding of displacements as referring only to human agency. The fictionalised story, Parable of theSower, is used in the thesis as the real-world ontological world-building storytelling and the questions that flow from the aim of this thesis is used as a guiding navigator within the mainstory to see what other stories emerges; The Earthseed Story, The More-Than-Human Storiesand The Human Stories. Displacement(s) beyond human agency from a new materialist outlook show the complexity and challenges of being interconnected and codependent in a world containing multiple stories that move in and out of spacetime refuturing. This occursboth as dystopia and utopia, as agency is in-the-making and ongoing reshaping of territorialization and deterritorialization making all-the-flesh moving boundaries of being displaced and in-place in a belongings-non-belongings continuum. For future research,multispecies displacement(s) is discussed as ongoing processes of both; dystopian and utopian storytelling, and the possibilities for refuturing shared worlds.

Orientador: Marco Antônio Domingues Sant'Anna / Banca: Jeane Mari Sant'Ana Spera / Banca: Alice Áurea Penteado Martha / Resumo: O presente trabalho apresenta um estudo analítico/comparativo do conto "A volta do marido pródigo", extraído da obra Sagarana, de Guimarães Rosa com a Parábola do Filho Pródigo, encontrada no Novo Testamento, narrada em Lucas 15.11-32, comparando-o, formal tematicamente, fato que revela seu caráter intertextual. Propõe-se neste estudo uma reflexão acerca da relevância da análise da Bíblia tanto para o seu próprio conhecimento literário quanto para a constatação da mesma como referência consagrada para muitas obras que se tornaram marcos na literatura ocidental, como é o caso do conto selecionado neste trabalho, que configura uma expressão artística de um gênero discursivo pouco estudado na atualidade, que pode se constituir em uma ferramenta muito útil no processo de ensino/aprendizado. Para isso, tem-se como base teórica uma bibliografia referente à intertextualidade, ao estudo literário da Bíblia, ao gênero do discurso da parábola e à crítica e análise literária / Abstract: This essay presents a comparative analytical study of the short story "A volta do marido pródigo" from the book Sagarana, written by Guimarães Rosa, with the Prodigal Son parable, found in the New Testament, in Luke 15:11-32, comparing it formally and thematically with, which reveals its intertextual aspect. This study proposes a reflection on the relevance of the Bible analysis for both its own literary knowledge and it as a great reference for many works that have become memorable marks in Western literature, such as the short story selected in this work, which sets an artistic expression of a little studied genre that may constitute a useful tool in teaching and learning. In order to this, we have a literary theoretical base about intertextuality, literary study of the Bible, parable as a discursive genre and literary criticism and analysis / Mestre

[pt] Neste trabalho estudamos o teorema de Dandelin sobre seções cônicas. Contamos sua história e apresentamos uma demonstração elementar adequada a alunos de Ensino Médio. Indicamos também como utilizar recursos computacionais no ensino das propriedades das seções cônicas. / [en] In this work we study Dandelin s Theorem about conic sections. We tell its history and present an elementary proof that is adequate for students at High School level. We also indicate how to use computational resources in the teaching of the properties of conic sections.

In this essay, Parable of the Sower (1993) by Octavia E. Butler will be analyzed. The analysis investigates how the novel can enable discussions about empathy in the English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classroom. Empathy and its related notions are examined from an ecofeminist point of view in combination with research that investigates narrative empathy from a cognitive literary theory perspective. This essay does not advocate for specific ways of working with empathy but rather seeks to illustrate in what ways it could be discussed by students and to further encourage the development of their own thoughts on the matter. The findings show that the novel contains multiple aspects that can serve as a basis for discussions about empathy as well as working with climate change and gender perspectives in the EFL classroom.

The gated community motif occurs frequently within climate and environmental disaster fiction. This thesis investigates its occurrence across three media to establish how the gated community mode of living, as rendered in post-apocalyptic speculative fiction, responds to the threat and consequences of climate and environmental crisis. This thesis combines recent urban studies scholarship with ecocritical theory to analyse the gated communities present in Octavia E. Butler’s novels, The Parable of the Sower and The Parable of the Talents, Neil Blomkamp’s film, Elysium, and Naughty Dog’s video games, The Last of Us and The Last of Us: Part II. Comparative analysis of the motif in each primary narrative reveals how disaster exacerbates the security and segregation this mode of settlement makes possible, resulting in a pronounced Othering of outsiders to these communities. This essay concludes that the boundaries of these speculative gated communities come to symbolise the borders Global North, which rhetorically and physically exclude the migrant Other. As most of the gated communities in these narratives experience catastrophe and collapse at the hands of those they refuse to accept, the texts appear to warn us to expect similar results unless issues of climate justice are not addressed by the Global North today. / Grindsamhället (eng. gated community) är ett vanligt förekommande motiv i berättelser om klimat- och miljökatastrofer. Den här uppsatsen undersöker motivet i tre medietyper för att diskutera hur grindsamhället som samhällsform porträtteras i postapokalyptiskt spekulativ fiktion, och hur det ses svara på klimat- och miljö- krisernas hot och konsekvenser. Uppsatsen kombinerar ekokritisk teori med modern forskning inom urbana studier för att analysera grindsamhällen som förekommer i romanerna The Parable of the Sower och The Parable of the Talents av Octavia E. Butler, Neil Blomkamps film Elysium och Naughty Dogs datorspel The Last of Us och The Last of Us: Part II. Komparativ analys av motivet i de primära berättelserna ger vid handen hur katastrofer förvärrar den säkerhet och segregation som samhälls- formen möjliggör, vilket resulterar i en uttalad syn på personer utanför samhällena som Andra. Uppsatsen slår fast att gränserna för de spekulativa grindsamhällena sym- boliserar gränserna mellan det globala nord och syd, vilket retoriskt och fysiskt ute- stänger migranter från syd och konstruerar dem som Andra. Eftersom de flesta grindsamhällen i berättelserna drabbas av katastrof och kollaps på grund av de människor som man vägrar släppa in tycks texterna varna oss för att vi kan förvänta oss något liknande om den globala norden inte ser till att hantera frågor om klimaträttvisa idag.

L’objectif de ce mémoire est d’analyser une praxis, la mienne, au moyen des techniques de la praxéologie, en tentant ainsi de réaffirmer le bien-fondé de mon travail d’auteure au service de la foi. En effet, la rédaction de Saffia, femme de Smyrne, débutée après une quinzaine d’années de vie professionnelle active en tant qu’écrivaine, me laisse croire que ce roman historique et sa présentation sont des outils adaptés pour transmettre l’Évangile. Ma recherche débute par une présentation générale de l’œuvre de fiction Saffia, femme de Smyrne ainsi que des conférences qui en découlent. Je mettrai ensuite en mots l’observation du discours secondaire, composé des appréciations ou des impressions de lecteurs. Mon interprétation ou mon hypothèse surgiront de ma problématisation par la question praxéologique Pourquoi est-ce que je fais ce que je fais et seront formulées au moyen des cinq fonctions d’élaboration. La partie ayant trait à la transmission de l’Évangile sera évaluée par des lectures en théologie, qui mettent en exergue les études d’auteurs : Jean-Guy Nadeau, Pierre Vadeboncœur, et Norbert Greinacher tandis que celle référant aux sciences humaines sera étudiée au moyen des œuvres de spécialistes Gérard Delteil, Régis Debray, Félix Moser et Antoine Compagnon. Soutenue par ces différentes études, je serai en mesure de mieux définir ce que la fiction en général peut apporter à la transmission de l’Évangile en m’appuyant sur l’étude de la fiction en théologie faite par des auteurs comme Paul Ricœur et Joseph Moingt. Je conclurai par une réflexion sur le mode de transmission de Saffia, femme de Smyrne et, je l’espère, par une explication de la raison pour laquelle je continuerai à utiliser la fiction pour transmettre l’Évangile. Une courte nouvelle me permettra d’appliquer mon étude et ainsi d’ouvrir ma réflexion dans une praxis. / The objective of this dissertation is to analyze a praxis, mine, using praxeology techniques, in an attempt at reaffirming the validity of my work as an author serving faith. As a matter of fact, the writing of Saffia, femme de Smyrne, which started after about fifteen years of an active professional life as a writer, lead me to believe that this historical novel and its presentation are tools adapted for the transmission of the Gospel. My research begins with a general presentation of the work of fiction, Saffia, femme de Smyrne, as well as the ensuing conferences. I then put into words the observation of the secondary discourse composed of readers’ opinions or impressions. My interpretation and/or hypothesis arise from my problematisation defined by the praxeological question Why do I do what I do and through the five development functions. The part relating to the transmission of the Gospel is evaluated through readings in theology which highlight the studies of authors such as Jean-Guy Nadeau, Pierre Vadeboncœur, and Norbert Greinacher, while that referring to the social sciences is studied using works of specialists such as Gérard Delteil, Régis Debray, Félix Moser and Antoine Compagnon. Supported by these different studies, I am in a better position to define what fiction can bring to the transmission of the Gospel based on studies of fiction in theology by authors such as Paul Ricœur and Joseph Moingt. I conclude with a reflection on the transmission method of Saffia, femme de Smyrne and, I hope, with an explanation, namely, of why I continue using fiction to transmit the Gospel. A short story makes it possible for me to apply my study and, thereby, to open my reflection in a praxis.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T19:20:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Celia Marilda Smarjassi.pdf: 1997291 bytes, checksum: e511fb4008394bf18803b71d7d80429b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-11-04 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This dissertation presents a study on the Parable of the Good Samaritan with Paul Ricoeur s philosophical reflections as its theoretical reference. The methodology adopted in order to pursue the investigation relied upon a theoretical and empirically exploratory research, using interviews as means of investigation. The study has been divided in five chapters. The first two chapters are devoted to the presentation of Paul Ricoeur s intellectual profile and his philosophical and biblical hermeneutic theories, the latest applied to the parable genre. Once the presentation of both the author and his theories is completed, there is an analysis of the parable through a five sided approach. First, there is an exegetical analysis. Then, there is an attempt at interpreting the narrative from the author s biblical hermeneutics point of view. Subsequently, it is the philosophical reading of the narrative as proposed by the author in his essay on the socius and the neighbor that is brought into light. Exteriorizing the popular meaning of the parable and the nature of the concept of neighbor that Christians have elaborated in present times within a specific group of subjects represents the fourth side of the proposed approach to the study of the parable. Through the subjects views one may conclude that Ricoeur s critical interpretation presents the researcher with valuable tools, once it leads to re-thinking all solutions or comprehensions about one s neighbor, in a way that is not strictly restricted to a naïve interpretation of the narrative but that leans towards a more solid scientific construction. Finally the fifth side of the proposed approach to the study of the parable refers to a reflection on the matter of evil, as it is presented in the narrative. At this moment, the study s aim is to establish the clear relation between the essay on the socius and the neighbor , in which the author presents a radically philosophical reading of the narrative, and his reflections on evil and its ontological and practical tendencies as traced in his work Evil: A Challenge to Philosophy and Theology. At this point of the investigation Ricoeur s thoughts on his small ethics are presented. Therefore, it can be concluded that both reflections, on evil and on small ethics, are relevant to the comprehension of said parable and to the neighbor-socius dialectics / Este trabalho apresenta um estudo da Parábola do Bom Samaritano tomando a reflexão filosófica de Paul Ricoeur como referencial teórico. A metodologia adotada para a execução da investigação contou com uma pesquisa teórica e empírica exploratória, utilizando a entrevista como instrumento de investigação. O estudo desenvolve-se em cinco capítulos. Os dois primeiros capítulos da tese são consagrados à apresentação do perfil intelectual de Paul Ricoeur e de sua teoria hermenêutica filosófica e bíblica, sendo esta última aplicada ao gênero parábola. Feita a apresentação do autor e de sua teoria, segue-se uma análise da parábola em estudo a partir de cinco abordagens. Primeiro, efetua-se uma análise exegética. Em seguida, procede-se um trabalho de interpretação da narrativa a partir da hermenêutica bíblica do autor. Posteriormente, resgata-se a leitura filosófica que o autor faz da narrativa no ensaio sobre o socius e o próximo . Exteriorizar o sentido popular da parábola em uma amostra específica e a natureza do conceito de próximo que o homem cristão tem elaborado na atualidade representa a quarta abordagem do estudo sobre a parábola. Com a amostragem sobre a leitura popular, conclui-se que a interpretação crítica de Ricoeur oferece pistas valiosas no sentido de se instigar a repensar todas as saídas e ou compreensões sobre o próximo de modo que não se restrinja a uma interpretação ingênua da narrativa, mas a uma construção cientificamente mais sólida. Finalmente, a quinta abordagem de estudo sobre a parábola refere-se a uma reflexão sobre a questão do mal presente na narrativa. Neste momento, busca-se explicitar a relação entre o ensaio o socius e o próximo em que o autor faz uma leitura radicalmente filosófica da narrativa e a sua reflexão sobre o mal com seu encaminhamento ontológico e prático traçado na obra O mal. Um desafio à Filosofia e à Teologia. Nesse ponto da investigação, é introduzido o pensamento de Ricoeur sobre sua pequena ética. Concluiu-se, portanto, que a reflexão sobre o mal e sobre a pequena ética é relevante para a compreensão desta parábola e para a dialética próximo-socius

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T19:20:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Claudia Araujo.pdf: 6735397 bytes, checksum: f76b77bdb53cf604135861dd13f0ad66 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-19 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / We investigate the ambiguity in the Parable of the Sower and the phenomenon of literariness, which comes from the Russian Formalism, since the evangelical discourse of Jesus is poetic and in this parable points to the polyphony to dialogism and intertextuality. We refer to the Hermeneutics of the Work of Art, Gadamer (2010), to rehabilitate the authority of tradition. In the case of the Catholic Church, only because it preserves an ancient exegesis. The corpus adopted in this research is the synoptic narrative of St. Mark (4, 1-20), St. Matthew (13, 1-23) and Luke (8, 4-15), which speaks to Saint John (21, 1 -14) and nuances of the Eternal Church of Apocalypse (21 e 22). The synoptic gospels are considered immanent, by tradition, and of St. John, transcendent. The four plots in the parable of the sowing point to the glory of the Eternal Church and its relationship with Christ, who is also the Sower, as this parable is centered in Christ, as well as its structure, reconstructed here under the support of methodologies of the theory literature. Indeed, Christ, Church, Word and Kingdom of Heaven turn to themselves in this parable - which gives it a jakobsoniana reading the poetic function of language, as well as metalinguistic. Indeed, this innovative interpretation culminates in a new exegetical method, the poetic-religious, specifically designed for reading the Parable of the Sower but that may be developed by traditional exegesis in future from new canonical guidelines and assumptions / Investigamos a ambiguidade na Parábola do Semeador e o fenômeno da literariedade, que advém do Formalismo Russo, uma vez que o discurso evangélico de Jesus é poético e, nesta parábola, aponta para a polifonia, a dialogia e a intertextualidade. Pautamo-nos ainda na Hermenêutica da Obra de Arte, de Gadamer (2010), para reabilitar a autoridade da tradição. No caso, a da Igreja Católica, exclusivamente pelo fato de ela preservar consigo uma exegese milenar. O corpus adotado nesta pesquisa é a narrativa sinótica de São Marcos (4, 1-20), São Mateus (13, 1-23) e São Lucas (8, 4-15); a qual dialoga com São João (21, 1-14) e com matizes da Igreja Eterna do Apocalipse (21 e 22). Os Evangelhos sinóticos são considerados imanentes, pela tradição, e o de São João, transcendente. Os quatro terrenos da semeadura da parábola apontam para a glória da Igreja Eterna e sua relação com o Cristo, que é também o Semeador, visto que esta parábola é cristocêntrica, bem como a sua estrutura, reconstruída aqui sob o respaldo de metodologias da Teoria da Literatura. Com efeito, Cristo, Igreja, Palavra e Reino dos Céus voltam-se para si mesmos, nesta parábola o que lhe confere uma leitura jakobsoniana da função poética da linguagem, bem como metalinguística. Com efeito, esta interpretação inovadora culmina em um novo método exegético, o poético-religioso, especificamente elaborado para a leitura da Parábola do Semeador mas que pode ser desenvolvido pela exegese tradicional, futuramente, a partir de novas diretrizes e pressupostos canônicos

This thesis examines Hamlet and Measure for Measure as related “problem plays.” In these plays, Shakespeare uniquely combines the genre of parable and the literary device of irony as a means to involve his audience in the experience of ordeal and deliverance that both reorients the protagonists’ personal, political, and ultimately theological assumptions and prompts spiritual insight in the spectator. As in a parable, a spiritual dimension opens subtly alongside each story to inform the play’s action and engage the spectator in the underlying theological discourse. Irony invites the audience to see the disparity between pretended or mistaken reality and the spiritual truth—between what “seems” and what “is.” As these complex dramatized parables unfold, potent tapestries of multilayered thematic irony coalesce into providential irony that exalts, rather than defeats, the protagonists and ultimately determines the outcome.