This study aims to explore the impact of negative life events on identity development through a qualitative systematic literature review and qualitative content analysis. The research seeks to understand how negative life events trigger identity crises and influence self-perception. Method: A systematic search was conducted in the PsycInfo and PubMed databases, resulting in the selection of 12 relevant studies for analysis. Themes were identified through qualitative content analysis to elucidate the effects of negative life events on identity. Results: The analysis revealed that negative life events can lead to both identity challenges and personal growth. The findings underscore the importance of supporting individuals experiencing identity crises for authentic identity development. Conclusion: Understanding the complexities of identity formation in the face of adversity is crucial for providing effective support and interventions. Further research in this area is essential for enhancing our knowledge of how individuals navigate identity development amidst negative life events.

The hospitality industry, with its dynamic business environment, has experienced unprecedented disruption and reconfiguration due to the emergence and success of sharing economy firms and online travel agencies. This turbulence calls for effective governance structures that can motivate managers to act in their shareholders' best interests. Despite the importance of effective corporate governance for firm performance and the topic receiving extensive scholarly attention in the management and finance literatures, there seem to be several gaps and mixed findings in the hospitality academic field. To facilitate scholarly advancement, identify gaps in the current knowledge base, and provide direction for future research, in the first essay I undertake a systematic review of research on corporate governance in the hospitality literature. Based on 115 peer-reviewed articles published since 1961, I identify 21 themes explored by scholars, and find that topics related to institutional ownership, executive compensation determinants, board size, and merger and acquisition (MandA) outcomes are commonly examined, whereas topics related to family ownership, debt, and regulation/law are seldom explored. This review contributes to the literature by taking stock of what we know and offering a one-stop-shop for scholars to understand and extend corporate governance literature published in the hospitality field. While evidence in the general business literature suggests that targets, instead of acquirers, are better off after the acquisition, limited studies in the hospitality industry have shown that both bidders and targets are better off after the merger, suggesting that MandAs are more successful in the hospitality industry than in other industries. In the second essay, I empirically examine whether this is indeed the case and what may explain the potential discrepancy in merger performance. Using a comparative study design and a comprehensive sample over 41 years, I find that overall acquirers gain from MandAs, and hospitality MandAs outperform non-hospitality MandAs. Bidders in the hospitality industry are more likely than non-hospitality bidders to acquire large, related targets, using an all-cash mode of payment. Except for industry relatedness, relative size, cash payment, and unlisted target are all positively related to merger performance. This study contributes to the literature by identifying several factors that can explain the differences in MandA performance between hospitality and non-hospitality firms. Despite the fact that MandAs are frequently pursued as a growth strategy in the hospitality industry, their effect on chief executive officer (CEO) compensation has not been systematically examined. Considering that CEO compensation is an important topic related to firm performance, management, and social responsibility, in the third essay I examine the relationship between MandAs and CEO compensation in a sample of hospitality firms consisting of 1,514 firm-year observations over a period of 27 years. The regression analyses find that CEO compensation is significantly higher in the year after large acquisitions; well-governed firms identified via tenure, the Entrenchment-index, and board independence pay their CEOs higher post-acquisition than poorly-governed firms; the fraction of equity-based compensation is unrelated to MandA propensity; and the fraction of cash-based compensation is negatively related to MandA propensity. The additional analyses indicate that CEOs are rewarded for positive stock returns but not penalized for negative stock returns, and even more so in well-governed firms after acquisition. This study finds that MandAs and corporate governance are determinants of CEO compensation and the form of CEO compensation matters to acquisition decisions in hospitality firms. The findings are of importance for shareholders and the board of directors to design compensation plans that align the interests of managers and shareholders. / Doctor of Philosophy / The hospitality industry, with its dynamic business environment, has experienced unprecedented disruption and reconfiguration due to the emergence and success of sharing economy firms and online travel agencies. This turbulence calls for effective governance structures that can motivate managers to act in their shareholders' best interests. Despite the importance of effective corporate governance for firm performance and the topic receiving extensive scholarly attention in the management and finance literatures, there seem to be several gaps and mixed findings in the hospitality academic field. To facilitate scholarly advancement, identify gaps in the current knowledge base, and provide direction for future research, in the first essay I undertake a systematic review of research on corporate governance in the hospitality literature, and find that topics related to institutional ownership, executive compensation determinants, board size, and merger and acquisition (MandA) outcomes are commonly examined, whereas topics related to family ownership, debt, and regulation/law are seldom explored. This review contributes to the literature by taking stock of what we know and offering a one-stop-shop for scholars to understand and extend corporate governance literature published in the hospitality field. In the second essay, I empirically examine whether MandAs are more successful in the hospitality industry than in other industries and what may explain the potential discrepancy in merger performance. I find that overall acquirers gain from MandAs, and hospitality MandAs outperform non-hospitality MandAs. Bidders in the hospitality industry are more likely than non-hospitality bidders to acquire large, related targets, using an all-cash mode of payment. Except for industry relatedness, relative size, cash payment, and unlisted target are all positively related to merger performance. This study contributes to the literature by identifying several factors that can explain the differences in MandA performance between hospitality and non-hospitality firms. In the third essay I examine the relationship between MandAs and CEO compensation in a sample of hospitality firms, and find that CEO compensation is significantly higher in the year after large acquisitions; well-governed firms identified via tenure, the Entrenchment-index, and board independence pay their CEOs higher post-acquisition than poorly-governed firms; the fraction of equity-based compensation is unrelated to MandA propensity; and the fraction of cash-based compensation is negatively related to MandA propensity. The additional analyses indicate that CEOs are rewarded for positive stock returns but not penalized for negative stock returns, and even more so in well-governed firms after acquisition. This study finds that MandAs and corporate governance are determinants of CEO compensation and the form of CEO compensation matters to acquisition decisions in hospitality firms. The findings are of importance for shareholders and the board of directors to design compensation plans that align the interests of managers and shareholders.

Yes / Blockchain operates on a highly secured framework, and its decentralized consensus has benefits for supply chain sustainability. Scholars have recognized the growing importance of sustainability in supply chains and studied the potential of blockchain for sustainable supply chain management. However, no study has taken stock of high-quality research in this area. To address this gap, this paper aims to provide a state-of-the-art overview of high-quality research on blockchain for sustainable supply chain management. To do so, this paper conducts a systematic literature review using a bibliometric analysis of 146 high-quality articles on blockchain for sustainable supply chain management that have been published in journals ranked “A*”, “A”, and “B” by the Australian Business Deans Council and retrieved from the Scopus database. In doing so, this paper unpacks the most prominent journals, authors, institutions, and countries that have contributed to three major themes in the field, namely blockchain for sustainable business activities, decision support systems using blockchain, and blockchain for intelligent transportation system. This paper also reveals the use of blockchain for sustainable supply chain management across four major sectors, namely food, healthcare, manufacturing, and infrastructure, and concludes with suggestions for future research in each sector.

The number of preschool children displaying externalizing emotional and behavioral difficulties is constantly increasing. At the same time, these children often lack social and emotional skills as well. Even though more and more children display this noticeable behavior and preschool teachers are constantly reporting being overwhelmed with these children’s behavior in preschool, a high number of children do not receive any support or intervention. Play provides appropriate means to support children’s social and emotional development as play has a significant importance in young children’s development. The aim of this systematic literature review is to get a better understanding through previous research on which play interventions have been found to facilitate the social-emotional development in preschool children with externalizing emotional and behavioral difficulties. Six studies with six different play-oriented interventions have been identified through this review. The results show that all interventions had either positive outcomes on the social-emotional development or show a decrease in emotional or behavioral difficulties. The factors which have been found as facilitating to these outcomes were use of play, intervention setting, awareness of others, involvement of licensed professionals, a safe environment and culturally and ethnically representative toys. This review provides a comprehensive overview on effective play-based interventions in preschool setting. However, further research is needed to examine individual environmental, familial and participation factors as well as specific training for preschool teachers. / Die Zahl der Kindergarten Kinder mit externalisierenden sozial und emotionalen Verhaltensauffälligkeiten steigt permanent an. Gleichzeitig zeigen diese Kinder oft ein Defizit in sozialen und emotionalen Kompetenzen. Obwohl die Anzahl der Kinder mit diesen Verhaltensauffälligkeiten immer weiter ansteigt und auch Erzieher/Innen immer wieder darauf hinweisen, dass sie mit dem Verhalten der Kinder überfordert sind, erhalten viele Kinder keine Förderung. Spiel bietet einen angemessenen Ansatz, um Kinder in ihren sozial-emotionalen Kompetenzen zu unterstützen. Es ist bewiesen, dass Spiel eine signifikant positive Auswirkung auf die sozial-emotionale Entwicklung von Kindern hat. Das Ziel dieser systematischen Literaturanalyse ist es ein besseres Verständnis über bereits bestehende spielorientiere Förderangebote und deren Auswirkung auf die sozial-emotionale Entwicklung von Kindergarten Kindern mit externalisierenden sozial-emotionalen Verhaltensauffälligkeiten zu erhalten. Sechs Studien mit sechs unterschiedlichen spielorientierten Förderangeboten wurden während der Analyse identifiziert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass alle Förderangebote entweder positive Auswirkungen auf die sozial-emotionale Entwicklung hatten oder sozial-emotionale Verhaltensauffälligkeiten reduziert wurden. Fördernde Faktoren auf die Auswirkungen der Angebote waren die Anwendung von Spiel, der Rahmen, in der das Angebot stattgefunden hat, das Bewusstsein der Anwesenheit anderer, die Einbindung von geschulten Fachleuten, eine sichere Umgebung und die Anwendung von kulturell und ethnisch repräsentativem Spielzeug. Diese Analyse gibt einen umfassenden Überblick von spielorientierten Förderangeboten, die im Kindergarten umsetzbar sind. Es besteht jedoch ein Bedarf an weiterer Forschung, die individuelle Aspekte aus der Umwelt, der Familie und der Teilhabe der Kinder berücksichtigt. Außerdem ist es von Bedeutung, dass Erzieher/Innen die Möglichkeit für eine bessere Schulung bekommen, um mit den Verhaltensauffälligkeiten der Kinder besser umgehen zu können.

There is a growing global recognition as to the importance of outlawing malicious computer related acts in a timely manner, yet few organisations have the legal and technical resources necessary to address the complexities of adapting criminal statutes to cyberspace. Literature reviewed in this study suggests that a coordinated, public-private partnership to produce a model approach can help reduce potential dangers arising from the inadvertent creation of cybercrime havens. It is against this backdrop that the study seeks to develop a digital forensic readiness model (DFRM) using a coordinated, multidisciplinary approach, involving both the public and private sectors, thus enabling organisations to reduce potential dangers arising from the inadvertent destruction and negating of evidentiary data which, in turn, results in the non-prosecution of digital crimes. The thesis makes use of 10 hypotheses to address the five research objectives, which are aimed at investigating the problem statement. This study constitutes qualitative research and adopts the post-modernist approach. The study begins by investigating each of the 10 hypotheses, utilising a systematic literature review and interviews, followed by a triangulation of findings in order to identify and explore common themes and strengthen grounded theory results. The output from the latter process is used as a theoretical foundation towards the development of a DFRM model which is then validated and verified against actual case law. Findings show that a multidisciplinary approach to digital forensic readiness can aid in preserving the integrity of evidentiary data within an organisation. The study identifies three key domains and their critical components. The research then demonstrates how the interdependencies between the domains and their respective components can enable organisations to identify and manage vulnerabilities which may contribute to the inadvertent destruction and negating of evidentiary data. The Multidisciplinary Digital Forensic Readiness Model (M-DiFoRe) provides a proactive approach to creating and improving organizational digital forensic readiness. This study contributes to the greater body of knowledge in digital forensics in that it reduces complexities associated with achieving digital forensic readiness and streamlines the handling of digital evidence within an organisation. / Information Science / Ph.D. (Information Systems)

[pt] Esta tese aborda o tema Gestão da Variedade de Produtos (GVP), designado pelo seu correspondente em inglês Product Variety Management (PVM). GVP é um campo do conhecimento que é, por essência, multidisciplinar, cujo efeito pode ser sentido nas mais diversas áreas de uma empresa. Se por um lado algumas áreas são mais propensas a sentirem os efeitos benéficos do aumento da variedade de produtos ofertada, outras, por sua vez, tendem a associar o aumento da variedade de produtos como um aspecto negativo. As áreas de marketing e de vendas tendem a ter uma visão positiva em relação ao aumento da variedade de produtos, já que associam uma maior variedade à customização do produto frente às necessidades dos cliente, ao aumento na receita, melhor visibilidade da imagem da marca da empresa, entre outros benefícios. Por outro lado, as áreas de produção, logística, compras e ambiental verificam um aumento na complexidade dos produtos, de seus processos e dos resíduos gerados a partir do aumento do mix de produto oferecido, gerando assim inúmeros desafios. Este episódio leva estas áreas a possuírem um receio em relação ao aumento da variedade de produtos. Neste sentido, a GVP é um conjunto de práticas gerenciais cujo objetivo é coordenar as ações dentro da empresa e ao longo da cadeia de suprimentos, buscando o melhor alinhamento das áreas e elos da cadeia. Esta tese tem por objetivo desenvolver um modelo conceitual (framework) para a GVP e de aplicá-lo por meio de estudos empíricos para analisar o uso desta gestão na indústria. A contribuição acadêmica é a de oferecer à literatura uma integração dos trabalhos dispersos sobre o tema e o de indicar como a compreensão de pesquisadores tem se desenvolvido ao longo do tempo. Membros da indústria também podem se beneficiar deste trabalho com os resultados da aplicação do modelo na indústria automotiva e de cosméticos. Para a construção do modelo conceitual utilizou-se uma revisão sistemática na literatura nas bases de dados Science Direct e Emerald. Nestas, 87 dos 455 artigos selecionados foram utilizados e, a partir daí, chegou-se às dimensões que compõem o modelo conceitual (input, structure and processing, measures e outcomes). Vale a pena destacar que foi verificada uma ausência de sínteses anteriores na literatura que abordem a GVP. Poucos artigos tratam a GVP de forma holística limitando-se, em geral, a um conjunto restrito de aspectos que compõe a GVP. Outra descoberta interessante é que grande parte dos artigos que abordam GVP o fazem em ambiente de manufatura. A vertente empírica desta tese reside nos estudos realizados em empresas. O objetivo destes estudos é validar empiricamente o modelo conceitual desenvolvido. Para tal foram realizados quatro estudos de caso que estão nos capítulos 5 e 6. No capítulo 5 foram realizados dois estudos em profundidade na indústria automotiva entre empresas contendo um relacionamento cliente-fornecedor em uma cadeia de suprimentos (fabricante de chassis de ônibus e encarroçadora). No capítulo 6 foi realizado um estudo comparativo na indústria automotiva e na de cosméticos, com o intuito de verificar a validade do modelo conceitual além do contexto vivido dentro da indústria automotiva. A criação de um modelo conceitual para a GVP e sua posterior aplicação empírica trouxe à tona importantes aspectos relacionados à GVP. O primeiro deles é a própria avaliação do modelo com suas dimensões e variáveis. Por se tratar de um dos primeiros esforços em organizar e sistematizar o conhecimento acerca da GVP, sua aplicação demonstrou aderência com a GVP realizada nas empresas (vertente empírica) bem como com a literatura acadêmica (vertente teórica). Por fazer parte do cotidiano de todas as principais áreas de uma organização, o caráter interdisciplinar da GVP foi ratificado. A partir da aplicação percebeu-se que áreas como a de operações e a ambiental buscam mitigar os efeitos negativos oriundos da variedade de produtos. Já as áreas de marketing e comercial focam aspectos positivos, em geral, alinhando a GVP como parte de suas estratégias para aumentar a receita e/ou participação de mercado. O pioneirismo desta tese não a exclui de possuir limitações. Dentre estas limitações a utilização de duas bases de dados (Science Direct e Emerald), um horizonte de sete anos (2005-2011) e duas indústrias (automotiva e de cosméticos) acaba dificultando a generalização dos resultados. Não obstante, estas limitações podem contribuir como ponto de partida para estudos futuros, seja ao ampliar as bases de dados, o horizonte temporal ou número de indústrias pesquisadas. / [en] High product variety is a reality in many industries. The automotive and cosmetic industries are among those most affected. Within this context, companies need to manage their product variety to compete and to achieve success in the market. Although product variety is an important issue, the literature lacks models and frameworks that help its management. The main goal of this thesis is the development of a conceptual framework for product variety management (PVM) and its use to analyze this management in the industry. The academic contribution is to offer a framework to the literature that integrates the highly dispersed works on product variety and to indicate how researchers’ understanding of this topic has developed. Practitioners can also benefit from the results, as this framework is applied to different cases via empirical studies within the automotive and cosmetic industries.

O debate sobre o decrescimento constitui uma crítica ao sistema socioeconômico baseado na lógica do crescimento ilimitado e no imperativo cultural do desenvolvimento. O decrescimento propõe a redução da escala biofísica e a reestruturação da economia global, fundamentalmente nos países do Norte cuja pegada ecológica excede os limites ecológicos. O Sul aparece com menos evidência na literatura decrescentista, porém, está inevitavelmente implicado nessa discussão. Buscando contribuir para compreender as implicações do decrescimento para o Sul, esta dissertação teve por objetivo analisar como o Sul global está representado no debate acadêmico internacional sobre o decrescimento. Para cumpri-lo, foi realizado um mapeamento e uma revisão sistemática da literatura internacional sobre o tema. Para o mapeamento, foi considerada a base de dados Scopus e foram utilizados termos de busca em inglês (degrowth e de-growth). A análise das características bibliométricas dos documentos identificados mostrou a prevalência de autores de instituições de países do Norte e baixa participação do Sul global. A revisão sistemática da literatura identificou cinco eixos temáticos na abordagem do Sul pelo decrescimento. Três deles abordam Sul de maneira explícita: (i) a perspectiva biofísica, relacionada à economia ecológica, sustenta que o decrescimento no Norte deve abrir espaço ecológico para o aumento do uso de recursos no Sul sem ultrapassar os limites ecológicos globais; (ii) os aspectos políticos dos fluxos internacionais de recursos denunciam as injustiças ambientais e socioeconômicas associadas ao comércio de commodities da perspectiva da ecologia política; e (iii) o eixo das alternativas ao desenvolvimento vê convergências entre o decrescimento e cosmovisões oriundas de contextos culturais do Sul como o bem viver andino. Por outro lado, outros dois eixos identificados abordam o Sul de maneira implícita ou indireta: (iv) no eixo que trata de aspectos demográficos, o decrescimento busca se afastar de concepções malthusianas autoritárias e se aproximar de abordagens de controle populacional voluntário, sem nomear explicitamente o Sul, mas responsabilizando indiretamente as populações mais numerosas; (v) no último eixo, se argumenta que a diminuição do consumo permitiria o decrescimento do tempo de trabalho dos trabalhadores do Norte global, sem relacionar esse tipo de decrescimento aos países do Sul, onde o efeito poderia ser o oposto se houvesse aumento do consumo. Observou-se que o decrescimento do consumo da escala biofísica da economia não é recomendado ao Sul. O decrescimento da jornada de trabalho tampouco, ao passo que o decrescimento populacional pode ser associado a esse grupo de países. Tanto no Sul quanto no Norte são desejáveis alternativas autóctones ao desenvolvimento. Porém, nos cinco eixos identificados na abordagem do Sul, pouco se explora a relocalização, um processo estratégico para o decrescimento em seu sentido amplo e também para o objetivo de estabelecer relações justas entre Sul e Norte. Recomenda-se que estudos futuros considerem a relocalização ao abordar a divisão Norte-Sul no contexto do decrescimento. Sugere-se ainda que correntes do pensamento latinoamericano, que apesar de orientadas pela ideia de desenvolvimento se debruçaram sobre as relações político-econômicas entre países, podem também contribuir para discutir o decrescimento de uma perspectiva do Sul global. / Degrowth is a critique of a society based on the logic of limitless gowth and on the cultural imperative of development. Degrowth proposes reduction of the biophysical scale and restructuring of the global economy, notably, in the global North whose ecological footprint have overshot ecological limits. The global South appears with less evidence in the degrowth literature, however, it is unavoidably implicated in this discussion. Seeking to understand the implications of degrowth for the South, this dissertation aimed to analyze how the global South is represented in the international academic debate on degrowth. To accomplish this goal, the international literature on the subject was mapped and systematically reviewed. The database Scopus was selected for the mapping procedure and search terms were defined in English (degrowth and de-growth). The mapping showed the prevalence of authors from institutions of the North and low participation of the South. The review identified five thematic axes in the approach to the South by degrowth. Three of them approach the South in an explicit way: (i) the biophysical perspective, related to ecological economics, holds that degrowth in the North may open \"ecological space\" for growth in resources use in the South without exceeding global ecological limits; (ii) the political aspects of international resource flows denounce environmental and socio-economic injustices associated with commodity trade from the perspective of political ecology; and (iii) the axis on alternatives to development sees convergences between degrowth and cosmovisions coming from cultural contexts of the South as the Andean buen vivir. On the other hand, two other identified axes approach the South in an implicit or indirect way: (iv) in the axis that deals with demographic aspects, degrowth attempts to move away from authoritarian Malthusian conceptions and get closer to voluntary population control approaches without naming the South explicitly, but indirectly charging larger populations independently of their per capita impact; and (V) in the last axis, it is argued that lower consumption would allow work-time degrowth in the North. However, this type of degrowth is not mentioned to be desired for the South, where the effect could be the opposite if there were an increase in consumption. It was observed that degrowth in consumption and of the biophysical scale of the economy is not recommended for the South. Work-time degrowth is not recommended either, while populational contraction is not associated to any of the groups of countries. Both in the South and in the North autochthonous development alternatives are desirable. It is recommended that future studies consider relocalization when addressing the North-South divide in the context of degrowth. It is also suggested that streams of Latin American thought, which although oriented by the idea of development focused on the political-economic relations between countries, may also contribute to discuss degrowth from a global South perspective.

[pt] A gestão de riscos inerente à cadeia de suprimentos de uma empresa tornou-se um direcionador decisivo para o crescimento da mesma, sendo assim um diferencial competitivo. A literatura sobre gerenciamento de risco é diversa; no entanto, pouco a respeito dos riscos sociais em que a cadeia de suprimentos de uma empresa pode estar envolvida, foi estudado. O presente estudo fundamenta-se, portanto, inicialmente, em uma revisão sistemática da literatura para identificação de riscos sociais presentes nas cadeias de suprimentos de uma empresa, nas consequências que estes podem gerar para a empresa focal e, nos stakeholders envolvidos neste processo. A partir da amostra de 43 documentos resultantes da revisão sistemática da literatura, dos 24 riscos sociais encontrados e das 13 consequências que estes riscos podem gerar para a empresa, é apresentado um fluxograma para auxiliar acadêmicos e organizações na gestão de riscos sociais. Posteriormente, é proposto um estudo de caso com uma empresa brasileira de cosméticos com o intuito de verificar a relação das variáveis identificadas na literatura com a realidade organizacional. Constatou-se que 11 dos 24 riscos sociais advindos da etapa de revisão não são observados pela empresa estudada e, dentre as consequências, as mais citadas relacionam-se a reputação da empresa, risco de paradas operacionais e reinvindicações individuais ou de ação coletiva. A partir do estudo de caso, foi possível complementar os estudos acadêmicos existentes e sugerir um modelo capaz de ser utilizado como base em organizações, com relação a riscos sociais em suas cadeias de suprimentos. / [en] The risk management inherent in the supply chain of a company has become a decisive driver for its growth, thus being a competitive advantage. The literature on risk management is diverse; however, little about the social risks in which the supply chain of a company may be involved has been studied. The present study is based initially on a systematic literature review to identify social risks present in the supply chains of a company, the consequences that these can generate for the focal company and the stakeholders involved in this process. From the sample of 43 documents resulting from the systematic literature review, the 24 social risks found and the 13 consequences that these risks can generate for the company, a framework is presented to assist academics and organizations in managing social risks. Subsequently, a case study with a Brazilian Cosmetics company is proposed with the purpose of verifying the relationship of the variables identified in the literature with the organizational reality. It was verified that 11 of the 24 social risks arising from the review stage are not observed by the company studied and, among the consequences, the most cited ones are related to the reputation of the company, risk of operational stops and individual claims or collective action. From the case study, it was possible to complement the existing academic studies and to suggest a model capable of being used as a basis in organizations with respect to social risks in their supply chains.

Submitted by UANDERSON REBULA DE OLIVEIRA null (grc@unesp.br) on 2016-04-19T05:50:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Uanderson - versão final.pdf: 15907044 bytes, checksum: 28e3e51a30e15b09c634a073c9b7eb35 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Juliano Benedito Ferreira (julianoferreira@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-04-25T18:24:33Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 oliveira_ur_me_guara.pdf: 15907044 bytes, checksum: 28e3e51a30e15b09c634a073c9b7eb35 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T18:24:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 oliveira_ur_me_guara.pdf: 15907044 bytes, checksum: 28e3e51a30e15b09c634a073c9b7eb35 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-24 / A venda de Equipamentos Eletroeletrônicos (EEE) cresce em razão das inovações tecnológicas e da rapidez com que eles se tornam obsoletos, o que implica o aumento da geração de um resíduo sólido denominado Resíduo de Equipamento Eletroeletrônico (REEE). O REEE é um problema relevante, visto que contém diversas substâncias tóxicas capazes de provocar danos ao meio ambiente e à saúde humana. Dessa forma, torna-se necessário um gerenciamento ambientalmente adequado. Após a criação da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos (PNRS) no Brasil, passou a caber a fabricantes, importadores, distribuidores e comerciantes de EEE o dever de implementar sistemas de Logística Reversa (LR), os quais objetivam o retorno dos produtos após o uso pelo consumidor. Apesar de o setor de Eletroeletrônicos se preocupar com a LR de seus produtos, constatou-se, na literatura, que a LR do REEE é um tema ainda pouco explorado, tanto no âmbito nacional quanto no internacional, como evidencia a carência de trabalhos práticos nessa área. Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo identificar como a gestão de REEE pode contribuir para a melhoria do desempenho da cadeia de suprimentos de EEE no Brasil, no contexto da sustentabilidade ambiental. Para tanto, adotou-se um método de pesquisa de natureza aplicada, com abordagem qualitativa, objetivo exploratório e normativo e uso de procedimentos técnicos, tais como levantamento bibliográfico, análise documental e ex-post facto. A Revisão Sistemática da Literatura possibilitou identificar: o histórico, o panorama e as perspectivas, global e brasileira, para a melhoria do desempenho da gestão de REEE no contexto da sustentabilidade ambiental; boas práticas internacionais em gestão de REEE, as quais sugerem melhorias para o desempenho da gestão de REEE no Brasil; e boas práticas de uso das tecnologias de identificação de produtos, tal como a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), nos sistemas de LR dos REEE, a exemplo do Projeto Smartwaste da Hewlett-Packard (HP). / The sale of electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) grows in terms of technological innovation and the speed with which they become obsolete, reflecting the increase in the generation of a solid residue called electro-electronic equipment waste (WEEE). The WEEE is a major problem, as it has several toxic substances capable of causing damage to the environment and human health. Thus, an environmentally proper management becomes necessary. With the creation of the National Policy on Solid Waste (NPSW) in Brazil, manufacturers, importers, distributors and EEE traders should implement Reverse Logistics systems (RL) by return of products after use by the consumer. Although the electronics industry to worry about the LR of its products, found in the literature that the LR of WEEE is presented as a relatively unexplored subject, both nationally and internationally, showing lack of practical work in this area. The research aims to identify how the management of WEEE can contribute to improving the performance of EEE supply chain in Brazil, in the context of environmental sustainability. Therefore, we adopted a method of nature applied research, with a qualitative approach with exploratory and normative goal, and use of technical procedures, such as literature, document analysis and ex-post facto. A Systematic Review of the Literature possible to identify: the history, the outlook and prospects, global and Brazilian, to the improvement of WEEE management performance in the context of environmental sustainability; best international practices in the management of WEEE, suggesting improvements to the WEEE management performance in Brazil; and good practice in the use of product identification technologies such as Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) in LR systems of WEEE, such as the Smartwaste Hewlett-Packard Project (HP).

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:50:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 6417.pdf: 3427896 bytes, checksum: eb2bc6774c0f88b25959c63a85b754ac (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-10-30 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / Achieving resilience along the supply chain in today's turbulent business environment requires efforts from both internal and external elements of the company. Because Procurement is currently considered a boundary spanning function, it has become a primary facilitator in helping to create supply chain resilience. The purpose of this study is therefore to understand the role of Procurement in managing the intra- and inter-organisational issues needed to create supply chain resilience. To do so, a literature review was developed by following the systematic literature review method in which intra- and inter-organisational issues that could impact supply chain resilience were identified. These issues were grouped into eight general topics: knowledge acquired, inventory, product and technology for intraorganisational issues; and strategic sourcing, supply chain design, transportation and risk for inter-organisational issues. Dynamic capability (DC) view was also reviewed to offer a deeper analysis and fresh perspective on the empirical results. A multiple case study was conducted in four focal companies from different sectors, including two key suppliers from each one. After all interviews were transcribed, the data was added to the QDA Miner software in order to conduct a content analysis of within-cases and, subsequently, cross-case analysis. Following the theory elaboration defined by Ketokivi and Choi (2014), propositions were developed based on the empirical and theoretical findings through the rationale of the dynamic capability view. As a result, procurement structure and external inventory were found as additional organisational issues, and a new rationale is proposed to explain how Procurement can create supply chain resilience through dynamically managing and controlling the identified organisational issues. The primary theoretical contribution of this research is applying a new perspective to the issue of resilience. The development of these capabilities may help Procurement managers to better cope with current critical supply disruptions and hence help to achieve company survival and competitiveness. / A busca pela resiliência nas cadeias de suprimentos, hoje inseridas em ambientes cada vez mais dinâmicos, requer esforços tanto internos quanto externos às empresas. Como grande parte do risco de ruptura da cadeia de suprimentos se encontra à montante da empresa focal, Compras tem se tornado uma função crítica; principalmente por ser responsável pela solução de conflitos e problemas entre clientes internos e fornecedores. No entanto, pouco se sabe sobre como Compras gerencia esses recursos de forma a lidar com rupturas de suprimentos. O objetivo deste estudo é compreender o papel de Compras na gestão de fatores (internos e externos), de modo a criar resiliência da cadeia de suprimentos. Para tanto, uma revisão teórica foi desenvolvida por meio do método de revisão sistemática da literatura. Neste, fatores internos e externos que podem impactar a resiliência na cadeia de suprimentos foram identificados e agrupados em oito pontos gerais: conhecimento adquirido, estoque interno, produto e tecnologia para pontos internos; e estratégia de suprimentos, configuração da cadeia, transporte e risco para pontos externos. Uma revisão sobre a teoria das capacidades dinâmicas foi também realizada, com intuito de oferecer uma análise mais aprofundada dos resultados obtidos na pesquisa empírica. De forma a completar a compreensão destes pontos, um estudo multicaso foi realizado em quatro empresas de diferentes setores, além de incluir dois fornecedores de cada empresa. Após a transcrição de todas as entrevistas, estas foram inseridas no software QDA Miner para a realização da análise de conteúdo caso a caso e intercasos. Seguindo a orientação de Ketokivi e Choi (2014), foram desenvolvidas proposições a partir da revisão bibliográfica e da análise dos dados empíricos dentro do contexto da teoria de capacidades dinâmicas. Observou-se que a estrutura de Compras e a presença de estoque externo foram apontadas como fatores adicionais. É apresentada também uma nova lógica para explicar como Compras pode criar resiliência na cadeia de suprimentos por meio de uma gestão dinâmica dos pontos-chave identificados sob a lente teórica. Tal resultado é caracterizado como principal contribuição teórica deste estudo. Em termos gerenciais, o desenvolvimento destas capacidades podem ajudar gerentes de Compras a reagirem às rupturas críticas de suprimentos, garantindo a competitividade e a sobrevivência da empresa.