Through language we represent, under many ways, our emotional reactions. This way, verbalization of human experience takes the realization of meanings construction system. In this perspective, under Systemic Functional Grammar light (HALLIDAY; HASAN, 1989; HALLIDAY; MATTHIESSEN, 2004) and, specially, from The Appraisal System (MARTIN; WHITE, 2005), we have investigated which evaluative marks are recurrent in the discourse of people who experience cancer. In this sense, this research emphasis is on semantic valuation of suffering discourse, which is supported by Martin e White (2005) theoretical framework. The aim of this study is to chart which lexical choices and attitudinal resources build, by recurrence, the discourse of people who experience cancer. The corpus is composed by 10 interviews collected from Oncoguia portal, from the link Aprendendo com Você . In this context, the interviews take a great social relevance, in the humanistic sense, as a sharing of experiences, since they act breaking group, individual, social isolation; they can also serve to the pluralization of voices and to the democratic distribution of information (MEDINA 2008, p. 8), specially for being a huge fragility situation. The methodological procedures encompass the following stages: (1) elaboration of a list of words, through WordList resource (SCOTT, 2008); (2) identification and quantification of the most recurrent lexico-grammatical categories; (3) identification and categorization of the semantic subsystems of affect, judgment and appreciation; (4) semantic-interpretative data analysis. The results indicate a great recurrence of tenacity judgment categories and positive capacities, followed by affect for insecurity. Through judgment recurrences it is evident that overcoming is the watchword for the experiencers, who are determined to face and win cancer, since this is the only way of not submitting to mortality. The affect recurrences, focusing on the insecurity semantic field, indicate that the suffering experience triggers feelings of vulnerability and despair, bringing great sorrow for the fear of finiteness of life. The lexico-grammatical level investigations, more specifically in the ideational metafunction (HALLIDAY; MATTHIESSEN, 2004) indicate frequency of lexical marks in the first person, of relational processes (mainly to be ) and the intensifiers, which contributes for the painful experience manifestation the interviewees go through. / Pela linguagem, representamos, de várias maneiras, nossas reações emocionais. Dessa forma, a verbalização da experiência humana assume a realização do sistema de construção de significados. Nessa perspectiva, sob a luz da Gramática Sistêmico-Funcional (HALLIDAY; HASAN, 1989; HALLIDAY; MATTHIESSEN, 2004) e, especialmente, do Sistema de Avaliatividade (MARTIN; WHITE, 2005), investigamos as marcas avaliativas recorrentes no discurso de sujeitos que experienciam o câncer. Nesse sentido, o enfoque desta pesquisa recai sobre a valoração semântica do discurso do sofrimento, sustentada pelo arcabouço teórico de Martin e White (2005). O objetivo deste trabalho é mapear quais escolhas lexicais e recursos atitudinais constroem, pela recorrência, o discurso de pessoas que vivenciam o câncer. O corpus é constituído por 10 entrevistas coletadas do portal Oncoguia, do link Aprendendo com Você . Neste contexto, as entrevistas assumem grande relevância social, no sentido humanístico, como compartilhamento de experiências, pois atuam quebrando isolamentos grupais, individuais, sociais; pode também servir à pluralização de vozes e à distribuição democrática da informação (MEDINA, 2008, p. 8), especialmente por se tratar de uma situação de grande fragilidade. Os procedimentos metodológicos compreendem as seguintes etapas: (1) elaboração de uma lista de palavras, por meio do recurso WordList (SCOTT, 2008); (2) identificação e quantificação das categorias léxico-gramaticais mais recorrentes; (3) identificação e categorização dos subsistemas semânticos de afeto, de julgamento e de apreciação; (4) análise semântico-interpretativa dos dados. Os resultados apontam para a grande recorrência das categorias de julgamento de tenacidade e de capacidade positivas, seguidas de afeto por insegurança. Pelas ocorrências de julgamento fica evidente que a superação é palavra de ordem para os experienciadores, que estão determinados a enfrentar e vencer o câncer, posto ser essa a única maneira de não se submeter à mortalidade. As ocorrências de afeto, com foco no campo semântico de insegurança, indicam que a vivência do sofrimento desencadeia sentimentos de vulnerabilidade e desesperança, trazendo grande pesar pelo medo da finitude da vida. As investigações do nível léxico-gramatical, mais especificamente na metafunção ideacional (HALLIDAY; MATTHIESSEN, 2004) evidenciam frequência de marcas lexicais em primeira pessoa, de processos relacionais (principalmente ser ) e de intensificadores, o que contribui para a manifestação da experiência dolorosa por que passam os entrevistados.

Masters of Art / Meaning in human relations has always been based on inferred similarities (Holyoak & Thagard,1995). We are quick to liken the new to an old type. In this study, South African bi- or multilingual citizens post-1994 are perceived to hold the same ethno-linguistic perceptions as their progenitors. This explains the growing amount of literature on bilingual language ideology which is dissected upon the language attitude and space table. Following the same line but from a different perspective, Rampton (1995, 1999, 2003) discusses the relativity involved in labelling a bi- or multilingual repertoire. He suggests that the performative act of a bilingual through his/her linguistic repertoire should be structured according to expertise (instrumental), affiliation(integration) or inheritance (ethnicity). Starting with a note on the attitudinal myth, and closing with possible implications for various educational strata, the research explores Rampton’s notions in a rapidly changing educational context and proposes a revised understanding of ‘appellation’ as a complementary concept, an agentive and non-essentialist form of approaching bi- or multilingual identity enactment. It asserts that each enactment is informed by and carries an element of one or all the other facets of the bi-or multilingual multiply identity. Central to the study’s argument is that a bi-or multilingual is not oblivious of the socio-cultural elements that come with each linguistic capital. So, while earlier literature on identity views appellation as ‘other- ascribed’ identity, this study defines appellation as the construction of ‘self’ using all the elements provided by one’s linguistic basket.Further, with its innovative use of spoken interactional data, the study is able to contribute to the ongoing research on the appropriate medium of instruction in the South African educational system. With a special focus on the primary stage, the study sheds light on the fluidity of bi- or multilingual identity formation and enactment inside and outside the classroom. It uses an analytical framework based on Conversation Analysis, the Ethnography of Speaking, Systemic Functional Linguistics, and Critical Discourse Analysis to test the fit of Rampton’s original categories of inheritance, expertise, and affiliation with learners’ actual conversations.In all, the study in a linguistically substantiated stance, argues for more situated perspectives on the mother tongue based educational policy.

This essay analyzes the written narrative competence of some pupils in the sixth year of Swedish primary school. Using an assessment tool rooted in the genre pedagogy that stems from systemic functionals linguistics view on language, the author provides a situated picture of the current narrative competence of the previously mentioned pupils through a genre pedagogic perspective. Through a qualitative text analysis, the study focuses on the genre pedagogic register in which field, tenor and mode are examined in each pupil’s written work. Furthermore, by combining the qualitative text analysis with a comparative method the study compares the pupils written narrative competence to a model text that fulfill all requirement for the highest possible grade in the Swedish school system.The conclusions of the study found that the included texts spans from a higher to a lower quality. Some showcased a wide range of lexical resources in creating the narrative register while others hardly use any lexical resources at all. The most eye-opening conclusion does not stem from the qualitative analysis, but rather from the lapse of potential texts due to the pupil’s ineptitude in writing stories that contains a complication as well as a resolution. Considering these findings, the author of the essay argues that there is a more fundamental flaw in the genre specific structure of a narrative text.Considering the findings associated with this essay a study that examines a wider range of pupils is proposed. This in order to determine if the fundamental flaws in genre specific structure and language that the pupils in this study showcase is just a local phenomenon of if it is a more common flaw in the sixth year of the Swedish primary school.

SammandragSyftet med studien var att undersöka förkomsten av olika typer av semiotiska resurser som har betydelse för förståelsen av texten i läromedel, med fokus på hur bild och text samspelar som stödstrukturer. Två läromedel i svenska som andraspråk för kurs 1, 2 och 3 framställda efter den aktuella läroplanen (Gy 11) undersöktes (Sätt full fart och Språkporten). En kvalitativ studie genomfördes där bild, text och faktarutor analyserades utifrån en analysmodell (Björkvall 2009) som är baserad på metafunktionerna i Systemic functional linguistics (SFL). Studiens resultat visade att bildernas placering gav reellt (specifikt) informationsvärde samt att deras interaktion med läsaren var av erbjudande karaktär. Studien visade på att det finns stora likheter mellan läromedlen gällande på vilket sätt bild/faktarutor/verbaltext används, men att Språkporten använder layout i högre utsträckning. Läromedlens variation av semiotiska resurser, i synnerhet i Sätt full fart, kan antas fungera som stöttning för helhetsförståelsen, vilket i tidigare studier har visat sig vara ett stöd för elever generellt men för andraspråkselever i synnerhet. / nej

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In this dissertation, I explore to address the problem of the identity of Paul’s interlocutor(s) in Rom 1–3 and the subsequent issue of whether Paul only includes non-Jewish Gentiles as recipients of his gospel teaching. In order to deal with the research question in a linguistically informed manner, I draw from Systemic Functional Linguistics and use two related notions of cohesive chains and grammatical metaphor (nominalization). By applying both methods to the text, I identify twenty-three active cohesive chains and five most important instances of nominalization in the text. Based on the linguistic data elicited solely by examining the interaction patterns among the chains and by explicating the various textual effects that nominalization brings about, I conclude that the linguistic evidence points to the possibility that the interlocutor is an ethnically Jewish man and Paul thus does not exclude his fellow Jews from his presentation of the gospel in Rom 1–3.

This study attempts to analyze the Eucharist in the Synoptic Gospels including their co-texts (Matt 26:14–35; Mark 14:10–31; Luke 22:3–23, 31–34), via a Mode Register Analysis based on Systemic Functional Linguistics. The purpose of this study is threefold: (1) to model a linguistic methodology and to apply it to each text of the Eucharist and its co-texts in the Synoptic Gospels, (2) to find meaningful linguistic characteristics of each designated text via a comparative analysis based on the preceding study, and finally (3) to suggest a balanced and plausible hypothesis which may offer convincing explanations of the Synoptic Gospels' construction process. The thesis of this study is as follows: in the Synoptic Gospels' construction process, each constructor reflected the oral Gospel tradition(s) significantly, as the one who had formed/contributed the tradition (probably Matthew), or the one who delivered it (probably Mark), or the one who preserved it (probably Luke), though there is also the possibility that each of them made use of written sources including the other Gospel(s).

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This study examines the use of discourse-organising nouns (DONs), such as fact, issue, and problem, in Swedish advanced students’ academic writing in second language (L2) English, and in what ways texts produced by the L2 students resemble or differ from those produced by advanced native-speaker (L1) students and from expert writing in this respect. The study uses corpus linguistic methodology and is set within the frameworks of Halliday’s systemic-functional linguistics and Granger’s Contrastive Interlanguage Analysis. Results show both similarities and differences across the writer groups. Noteworthy similarities include overall frequencies of DONs and their modifiers. Differences include variety of usage and register appropriacy. These differences were often the largest between the L2 student writing and the expert writing, though findings suggest that both student groups can usefully be thought of as learners of academic writing in English in this respect. Specifically, the students’ usage was found to be less varied than the expert writing, and to be characterised by more frequent use of semantically vague nouns (e.g., thing and fact) and nouns marking attitude and involvement (e.g., opinion and question). Other central findings include the tendency, on the part of the students, to use DONs less frequently in syntactic structures prototypical of formal academic prose, and to use them more frequently in structures with the potential to express stance, compared to the expert writing. The study also found more frequent use of evaluative modifiers of DONs in the student writing. In sum, the L2 student writing and, to a lesser extent, the L1 student writing, was found to approximate the corpus of expert writing in many respects, but with less variety, fewer markers of formality, and more frequent occurrences of interpersonal features in their use of DONs. The result is discourse that can in part be characterised as vague and subjective, as well as involved and informal. / This study examines the use of discourse-organising nouns (DONs), such as fact, issue, and problem, in Swedish advanced students’ academic writing in second language (L2) English, and in what ways texts produced by the L2 students resemble or differ from those produced by advanced native-speaker students and from expert writing in this respect. Results show both similarities and differences across the writer groups. Noteworthy similarities include overall frequencies of DONs and their modifiers. Differences include variety of usage and register appropriacy. In short, the L2 student writing and, to a lesser extent, the L1 student writing, was found to approximate the corpus of expert writing in many respects, but with less variety, fewer markers of formality, and more frequent occurrences of interpersonal features in their use of DONs. The result is discourse that can in part be characterised as vague and subjective, as well as involved and informal. These differences were often the largest between the L2 student writing and the expert writing, though findings suggest that both student groups can usefully be thought of as learners of academic writing in English in this respect.