Elsabe Steenberg's oeuvre, consisting among others of forty two stories in book format, has four target groups -- preschool children, young children, teenagers and adults. Her narrative work is so richly textured and contains such a depth of insight into the complexities of life that it should not only attract attention because of its topicality, but that it should also be exposed -- especially in a society searching for direction -- to as large a number of readers and researchers as possible. It is clear that all of her works represent a view of reality which, from an intertextual point of view, could be seen as being grounded in the ontological point of departure. The main focus of the present study is to investigate the representational procedes through which the ontological view is represented in four selected texts from the oeuvre. This is done in order to establish internal textual variants and constants. The four selected texts, in which tree symbolism manifests itself in various intertextual permutations, are: Die boom wat wou loop (for preschool children), Soek-soek op soek (for young children), Boom homer boomste (for teenagers) and Plek van die bruin geeste (for adults). The rest of the oeuvre, as well as Elsabe Steenberg's poetics, are referred to cursorily in order to establish a corroborating intertextual comparative base. The procedes representing the whole internal textual universe, from concrete object, • through the different but also complementary narrative elements, further to the overt representation and manifestation of the abstract theme and view of the narrative world, are all investigated. The four texts are first discussed independently by means of a structuralist-semiotic approach, after which the variants and constants are determined intertextually. The numerous aspects of the representational system of the view of reality in all four the intensively studied texts, as well as those in the rest of the oeuvre which are only touched on briefly, an point toward one fundamental factor as semiotic sign, namely: God is. Identity as an intertextual constant plays a very prominent role in the whole oeuvre. Consequently, the numerous ways in which the fundamental view of reality are represented, are thus also associated with God's identity or Being, for example, God is the Origin, God is the Giver of insight into the diversity, interrelatedness and meaning of reality, and God is the real regenerating Force. / Proefskrif (PhD (Afrikaans en Nederlands))--PU vir CHO, 1997.

Elsabe Steenberg's oeuvre, consisting among others of forty two stories in book format, has four target groups -- preschool children, young children, teenagers and adults. Her narrative work is so richly textured and contains such a depth of insight into the complexities of life that it should not only attract attention because of its topicality, but that it should also be exposed -- especially in a society searching for direction -- to as large a number of readers and researchers as possible. It is clear that all of her works represent a view of reality which, from an intertextual point of view, could be seen as being grounded in the ontological point of departure. The main focus of the present study is to investigate the representational procedes through which the ontological view is represented in four selected texts from the oeuvre. This is done in order to establish internal textual variants and constants. The four selected texts, in which tree symbolism manifests itself in various intertextual permutations, are: Die boom wat wou loop (for preschool children), Soek-soek op soek (for young children), Boom homer boomste (for teenagers) and Plek van die bruin geeste (for adults). The rest of the oeuvre, as well as Elsabe Steenberg's poetics, are referred to cursorily in order to establish a corroborating intertextual comparative base. The procedes representing the whole internal textual universe, from concrete object, • through the different but also complementary narrative elements, further to the overt representation and manifestation of the abstract theme and view of the narrative world, are all investigated. The four texts are first discussed independently by means of a structuralist-semiotic approach, after which the variants and constants are determined intertextually. The numerous aspects of the representational system of the view of reality in all four the intensively studied texts, as well as those in the rest of the oeuvre which are only touched on briefly, an point toward one fundamental factor as semiotic sign, namely: God is. Identity as an intertextual constant plays a very prominent role in the whole oeuvre. Consequently, the numerous ways in which the fundamental view of reality are represented, are thus also associated with God's identity or Being, for example, God is the Origin, God is the Giver of insight into the diversity, interrelatedness and meaning of reality, and God is the real regenerating Force. / Proefskrif (PhD (Afrikaans en Nederlands))--PU vir CHO, 1997.

When youth novels were first written, Afrikaans speaking adolescents spent their time reading the original and absorbing youth novels then available. These suited their psychological and environmental development and they could identify with the language and style used in these novels. The contents were a representation of a world which they knew and in which they could feel secure. Although authors often dealt with issues relevant to the adolescent world, the plot reflected a secure and nurturing world where the readers and their life experiences were taken into account. In recent years the adolescent world has changed dramatically from a secure environment to a more exposed one, posing the question whether contemporary Afrikaans youth novels have retained the same traits mentioned earlier and answer to the same norms. The value of literature should never be underestimated; it can develop the imaginative skills and moral values of adolescent readers. Also, it has become clear that adolescents have a great need for reading material that deals with relevant issues. The main focus of this study is characterization and development of identity in selected youth novels by Barrie Hough, viz. My kat word herfs, Vlerkdans and Skilpoppe as revealed in textual analysis and empirical research. The literature study focuses on developmental psychology and the reading expectations of the adolescent, character development according to some narrative theories, e.g. reader response criticism and intertextuality theories. The main objective of this study is to analyze, interpret and evaluate the above three youth novels in order to establish whether or not the contemporary adolescent can identify with these specific stories. It has been found that the adolescent reader in the early years of the twenty first century is able to identify with the contemporary youth novels such as those by Barrie Hough. Although young readers do not want to steer clear of contentious themes and issues in youth novels, it seems that they still prefer evergreen classical topics and themes. This suggests that the modern adolescent is still positive about life and aspires to attain goodness and moral strength. / Thesis (M.A. (Afrikaans and Dutch))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2006

The diploma thesis introduces critically selected theoretical concepts that try to describe characteristics of children's and youth literature (further: LPDM). It focuses on approx. last thirty years of foreign research in LPDM. Firstly, the attention is paid to theories analyzing LPDM for specific qualities of appropriate texts. Then, the thesis presents theories which primarily describe LPDM on the base of specific context: the context in which the works emerged and are (expertly and non-expertly) received. Finally, the diploma thesis concerns with the potential benefit of presented theories but also with their problematic parts. By that it tries to offer new tools of productive analysis and interpretation of LPDM to Czech discourse of literary science.

[pt] De primeira hora, no calor da hora: a crítica brasileira de literatura infantil nas décadas de 1970 e 1980 estuda a produção da crítica literária brasileira dos anos 1970 a 1980 sobre literatura infantil, com ênfase nas contribuições seminais nestas décadas, período divisor de águas, considerado o boom da nova literatura infantil e juvenil brasileira. A tese se desenvolve a partir da revisão bibliográfica das publicações de críticos literários brasileiros de literatura infantil selecionadas a partir de três pontos de produção significativa durante o período estudado: São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro e Região Sul do Brasil, apontando aproximações e distanciamentos teóricos entre suas contribuições. Ao investigar em que medida esta crítica brasileira se constitui como elemento fundador de uma nova literatura infantil e juvenil brasileira a partir da década de 1970, a tese discute como estes autores de crítica literária definiram a literatura infantil e juvenil brasileira como objeto teórico na forma que hoje reconhecemos, demonstrando, assim, o papel desta geração de críticos como criadora mesma da literatura infantil brasileira ao lado de seus autores de ficção, e não mera repetidora. / [en] In the heat of the moment: Brazilian children s literature criticism in the 1970 s/80 s is the title of the present thesis about Brazilian literary criticism studies between 1970 and 1980 about children s literature. The thesis analyzes the key role of the theory authors during those remarkable decades known as the boom of the Brazilian children s literature. Adopting the bibliographical review method, the thesis investigates theory authors from Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro and the south part of Brazil, where significant theoretical studies about children s literature were produced back in the 1970 s and 1980 s. The thesis demonstrates how this particular generation of literary critics contributes as founder of the new Brazilian children s literature, side by side with the fiction writers of the same period.

La vitalité du secteur jeunesse de l'édition est un indice, parmi d'autres, de la place importante qu'occupent encore aujourd'hui les livres dans le quotidien des enfants. Si le contenu des albums a été étudié par quelques sociologues français, la manière dont les jeunes « lecteurs » reçoivent les normes et les représentations transmises par la littérature de jeunesse n'a en revanche fait l'objet que de bien peu d'investigations sociologiques. A travers l'analyse de la manière dont les enfants comprennent et (ré)interprètent le contenu textuel et iconographique des livres, cette thèse entend non seulement mettre en lumière ce qui se joue dans l'acte de réception, mais également apporter des éléments contribuant à une meilleure compréhension du processus de socialisation. Nous centrons pour cela notre regard sur l'« alimentation », observatoire emblématique de l'ensemble des modalités de ce processus ainsi que de ses nombreuses différenciations. Par la mise en place, sur le terrain, d'un protocole expérimental permettant d'approcher le point de vue d'enfants âgés de 5 à 8 ans (et issus de milieux sociaux contrastés), cette thèse permet ainsi d'appréhender la manière dont s'agencent - de façon toujours particulière - les messages délivrés par différentes instances socialisatrices (famille, médias, école), et dont se construisent d'éventuelles appartenances à un genre et/ou à un milieu social. La capacité d'action (agency) des très jeunes enfants est de cette façon, ici, mise en jeu. / Among other signs, the vitality of the children's book publishing field bears testimony to the important place books still occupy today in children's everyday lives. However, despite the fact that some French sociologists have already studied the content of children's books, the way young "readers" receive the norms and representations conveyed by this literature has been the object of very little sociological investigation. In the present thesis I analyze the way children understand and (re)interpret the textual and iconographic content of children's books, with a view to both shedding light on what is really at stake in the act of reception, and also bringing elements that might contribute to better understanding the process of socialization. I focus on "food," as it is an iconic observation tool for the entirety of this process's modalities and its many differentiations. An experimental protocol implemented on the field has allowed me to approach the point of view of 5- to 8-year-old children coming from various social backgrounds, and thus to study the way the messages conveyed by the various agents of socialization (such as family, mass media, and school) are organized, as well as the construction of potential belongings to a gender and/or social group. In this regard, the agency of very young children is also addressed.

A proposta desta dissertação é investigar a literatura infanto-juvenil israelense, especificamente em obras selecionadas das décadas de 70 a 90 do século XX. Neste estudo, pretendemos também observar como operam os conceitos de mímesis e verossimilhança nestas obras com intuito de verificá-los através das análises destes textos a partir da representação ficcional quanto da veracidade histórica. Desta forma, organizamos uma pesquisa centrada na questão dos conflitos, medos e dores que permearam a literatura infanto-juvenil israelense que funciona como mola propulsora de nosso trabalho. Pretendemos, a partir das análises teóricas realizadas, localizar esses questionamentos e apresentar alguns apontamentos para a discussão sobre a natureza de nosso tema e seu desenvolvimento. Para isso, nossa pesquisa se baseará nas obras selecionadas Sumri (1978) e Pantera no porão (1995), ambas do escritor Amós Oz; além destas, também analisaremos a obra O Monstro da Escuridão (1976) de Uri Orlev. Por fim, desejamos apresentar nossas reflexões e, na medida do possível, avançar, mediante a descrição e a compreensão acerca dos conflitos, medos e dores que permeiam a literatura infanto-juvenil israelense. / Our aim is to investigate Israeli childrens and youth literature, especially in some works selected from the 70s to the 90s of the 20th century. In this study, we intend to observe how the concepts of mimesis and verisimilitude are presented in these works by means of analyses regarding both the fictional representation and the historical veracity. Our research is focused on the question of the conflicts, fears and sorrows that pervade Israeli childrens and youth literature, which are the aspects that motivate our study. Based on the theoretical analyses carried out, we identify these issues and present some reflections for the discussion on the nature of our theme and its development. The works analyzed are Sumchi (1978) and A panther in the basement (1995), both by Amós Oz, and The monster in the darkness (1976), by Uri Orlev. Through the description and comprehension of the conflicts, fears and sorrows in the works mentioned, our study may contribute to the scientific inquiry on Israeli childrens and youth literature.

Nesta tese, investigam-se as edições originais de duas obras representativas de uma rede de textos presentes no limiar da literatura infantil e juvenil no Brasil, na transição do século XIX para o século XX: Historias da avosinha (1896), de Figueiredo Pimentel e Atravez do Brazil (Narrativa) de Olavo Bilac e Manoel Bomfim (1910). Essas obras estiveram presentes nas bases estético-ideológicas da literatura infantil no período da Primeira República e constituem documentos de valor histórico que marcam o limiar da literatura voltada às crianças brasileiras. Analisam-se tais obras, nesse contexto, com os seguintes objetivos: a) rastrear os potenciais sentidos encobertos pela poeira do tempo, associando os valores presentes no plano textual que recobre o universo diegético das obras aos dispositivos paratextuais (autorais e editoriais, peritextuais e epitextuais) que envolvem as publicações originais, relacionando-os às posições institucionais ocupadas tanto por esses escritores quanto por seus editores; b) verificar as relações estabelecidas entre esses escritores, seus editores e o mercado editorial da época, em conexão com a ideologia vigente à época e o gênero a que pertencem; c) identificar a natureza das adaptações que representam; e d) identificar os traços que caracterizam a arqueologia desses autores. Trata-se de uma investigação qualitativa de natureza teórico-analítica e bibliográfica que, a partir do paradigma indiciário de Carlo Ginzburg, coleta dados das fontes documentais primárias das duas obras, acrescidas por informações extraídas de memorialistas, jornais e catálogos da época em que foram produzidas. Utilizou-se o termo palimpsesto como uma chave metafórica que se reporta a uma atitude hermenêutica de escavação das pistas indiciárias diluídas nas camadas textuais, paratextuais e intertextuais reveladoras das condições de produção das obras selecionadas. Esse modelo epistemológico assentado nos detalhes mostrou-se válido e produtivo e permitiu que, pela desmontagem ativa das camadas que as compõem, se tornasse possível penetrar nos espaços interditos dessas temporalidades. Corroborou-se, nesta investigação, a hipótese de que a imagem de autor, na gênese da literatura infantil brasileira, não pode ser entendida fora da ideia de uma representação compartilhada e estabelecida com os editores-livreiros. As análises revelaram tanto as motivações comerciais quanto as ideológico-educativas dessas parcerias, inseridas em ações educacionais mais amplas que deram visibilidade aos projetos estabelecidos em um mercado editorial em estado nascente. Penetramos na historicidade dessas obras mobilizados pela convicção do seu valor simbólico de parte integrante do patrimônio histórico, cultural e artístico. O recorte que balizou esta investigação, associando as análises dos planos textuais, paratextuais e intertextuais ao paradigma indiciário ampliou a perspectiva analítica para além da epiderme textual, exigindo um movimento interpretativo de decifração que, além de ter revelado valores e costumes da época, mostrou-se importante também para a compreensão das convenções literárias e editoriais que também podem ser vistos como elementos da literariedade. / In this thesis, we investigate the original editions of two works representative of a network of texts present at the threshold of children\'s and youth literature in Brazil, in the transition from the nineteenth century to the twentieth century: Figueiredo\'s \"Stories of avosinha\" (1896) Pimentel and \"Atravez do Brazil (Narrative)\" by Olavo Bilac and Manoel Bomfim (1910). These works were present in the aesthetic-ideological bases of children\'s literature in the period of the First Republic and are documents of historical value that mark the threshold of the literature directed to the Brazilian children. These works are analyzed in this context with the following objectives: a) to trace the potential senses covered by the dust of time, associating the values present in the textual plane that covers the diegotic universe of the works to the paratextual devices (copyright and editorials, peritextual and epithexical) that involve the original publications, relating them to the institutional positions occupied by both these writers and their editors; b) to verify the relations established between these writers, their editors and the publishing market of the time, in connection with the ideology in force at the time and the genre to which they belong; c) identify the nature of the adaptations they represent; and d) identify the traits that characterize the \"archeology\" of these authors. It is a qualitative research of a theoreticalanalytical and bibliographical nature that, based on Carlo Ginzburg\'s \"indicative paradigm\", collects data from the primary documentary sources of the two works, plus information extracted from memorialists, newspapers and catalogs of the time in that were produced. The term \"palimpsest\" was used as a metaphorical key that refers to a hermeneutic atitude of \"excavation\" of the diluted clues in the textual, paratextual and intertextual layers revealing the conditions of production of the selected works. This epistemological model, based on the details, proved to be valid and productive and allowed the active dismantling of the layers that compose them to penetrate the interdicted spaces of these temporalities. In this research, the hypothesis was corroborated that the \"author image\", in the genesis of Brazilian children\'s literature, can not be understood outside the idea of a shared and established representation with book publishers. The analyzes revealed both the commercial and ideological-educational motivations of these partnerships, inserted in broader educational actions that gave visibility to the projects established in a nascente publishing market. We penetrate the historicity of these works mobilized by the conviction of their symbolic value as an integral part of historical, cultural and artistic heritage. The cut that marked this investigation, associating the analyzes of the textual, paratextual and intertextual plans to the indiciary paradigm extended the analytical perspective beyond the textual epidermis, demanding an interpretative movement of deciphering that, besides having revealed values and customs of the time, is also important for the understanding of literary and editorial conventions that can also be seen as elements of literacy.

Comment raconter le nazisme aux enfants ? En particulier comment trois auteurs de littérature de jeunesse racontent-ils la guerre ? Chacun des six romans a ses particularités liées à son auteur et à la perception nationale de l'histoire européenne. Les romans de Joseph Joffo se passent en France sous l'occupation allemande et le régime de Vichy ; ceux de Judith Kerr présentent l'exil d'une famille juive allemande en Suisse, en France puis en Angleterre ; ceux de Hans Peter Richter racontent l'ascension du nazisme en Allemagne. La dureté de la Deuxième Guerre Mondiale est rendue supportable par l'instinct de survie des héros : enfants comme tous les autres ils sortent vivants des difficultés et des dangers qu'ils croisent. Ces romans ont à la fois un rôle de mémoire collective et de préparation à la vie. / How to explain Nazism to children? How, in particular, do three youth literature authors talk about war? Each of the six novels has distinctive features related to its author and to the national perception of European history. Joseph Joffo's novels are set in France under the German Occupation and the Vichy Regime; those of Judith Kerr present the exile of a Jewish German family in Switzerland, France and eventually England; Hans Peter Richter's novels describe the rise of Nazism in Germany. The harshness of World War II becomes bearable thanks to the survival instinct of the protagonists: everyday children, prevailing over hardships and dangers. These novels play a dual role, acting as collective memory and preparing for adulthood.

Esta tese focaliza a formação do campo literário direcionado a crianças e jovens, em Mato Grosso e perfaz o surgimento de um cânone contemporâneo. Para isso, adotamos os estudos teóricos de Bordieu (1996, 2012) e Candido (2000). As implicações do postulado teórico desses críticos foram valiosas, a partir do momento que nos permitiu perceber a posição do autor literário e avaliar o valor e a pertinência de suas obras em determinadas configurações sociais. Primeiramente, apresentamos um estudo sobre a História da Literatura infanto-juvenil mato-grossense, a partir dos primeiros textos literários direcionados a esse público, publicados em periódicos como A Juventude (1916 a 1917), ou em jornais escolares como O Pequeno Mensageiro (1920) e O Liceu (1930), os quais foram responsáveis por ações e pela representação da criança dentro desse universo da escrita. Além disso, foram mapeadas mais de 70 obras infanto-juvenis para se chegar a um primeiro quadro de 26 (vinte e seis) publicadas por editoras em Mato Grosso. Levamos também em conta as obras de autores que publicaram fora do Estado como Antônio de Pádua e Silva e Aclyse de Mattos. Análises mais profundas foram feitas a partir do que consideramos marcos da produção local, a saber: Dunga Rodrigues, Uma aventura em Mato Grosso (1984); Maria da Graça Campos, As meninas e o sabiá (1987), primeiras obras da literatura infanto-juvenil mato-grossense após a divisão do Estado, e Lucinda Persona, A cidade sem Sol (2000) e Ivens Scaff, Uma maneira simples de voar (2006), representativos da produção contemporânea. Foram verificadas as tendências estéticas, os temas, as formas e os recursos visuais que moldaram essas obras, assim como a incidência dos níveis estéticos e utilitários. Suporte teórico fundamental, neste último capítulo, são os estudos de Mendes (1994), necessários para detectar os nossos parâmetros de análise. A conjunção da História e da Crítica literária, embasada nas análises de obras direcionadas ao público infanto-juvenil, é a força motriz deste estudo / This thesis is concerned with the formation of the literary field directly to children and young in Mato Grosso and, make up the beginning of a contemporary canon. With this view, we adopt the theoretical studies of Bordieu (1996, 2012) and Candido (2000). The implications of the theoretical postulate of these scientists were valuable which allowed us to recognize the position of literary author and estimate the value and relevance of their works in certain social settings. Foremost, we present a study about the History of Mato-grossense childrens Literature, from the first literary texts directed to this audience, published by periodic like A Juventude (1916 to 1917) or in school newspaper like O Pequeno Mensageiro (1920) and O Liceu (1930), they were responsible for actions and for the representation of the child within this writing universe. Furthermore, were mapped more than 70 children and youth works to achieve to the first chart with 26 (twenty-six) printed by publishers in Mato Grosso. We also consider the works that their authors have published in other place out of state like Antônio de Pádua e Silva and Aclyse de Mattos. Deeper analysis were made from what we consider mark of the local production, videlicet: Dunga Rodrigues, Uma aventura em Mato Grosso (1984); Maria da Graça Campos, As meninas e o sabiá (1987), first works of the mato-grossense childrens literature after the separation of the State and Lucinda Persona, A cidade sem sol (2000) and Ivens Scaff, Uma maneira simples de voar (2006), typical of contemporary production. The aesthetics trends, themes, forms and the visual features which shaped these works were verified, so well as the incidence of aesthetics levels and utilities in these productions. Fundamental theoretical support. In the last chapter, there are the studies of Mendes (1994), required to detect our analysis parameters. The conjunction of the History and the Book review, grounded in the analysis of works directed to children and youth, is the driving force of this study