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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

兩岸產業互補關係之研究--以電腦週邊產業為例

姜述尚 Unknown Date (has links)
No description available.
2

漢語中動賓結構之研究--以併入為本之分析 / A Study of Verb-Object Constructions in Mandarin Chinese: An Incorporation Approach

林煌賄, Lin,Huang Hui Unknown Date (has links)
中文裡有一種特別的結構,稱為動賓複合詞(Verb-object compound)。根 據李與湯普森(Li & Thompson)觀察:從歷史的觀點來看,這種動賓複合 詞是從動賓詞組衍生得來。在本論文中,嘗試以貝克(Baker,1988)的併入 理論(Incorporation Theory)來證明他們的這個觀察。我們認為有一名為 「名詞併入」(Noun Incorporation)的句法移位律對動賓詞組產生作用。 在經過此規律作用後,動詞和它的直接賓語便在句法層次上結合成一帶動 詞性的複雜結構,此外,我們在此理論中,我們主張應加入一條構詞結合 律。此律在名詞併入後作用,把名詞併入後新產生的句法性複雜結構變換 成一構詞單位,即複合詞。這樣的解釋方式不只具有「解釋充份性」 (explanatory adequacy),而且從歷史的觀點來看此一名詞併入現象,上 述方式也可以妥善地解決一個爭議已久有關動賓複合詞是否可以離合的問 題,以及有關雙重分類的動賓複合詞所造成的難題。藉著這樣的分析,我 們討論了八類動賓結構。這八類恰好形成一個漸次變化。其大抵反映出動 賓結構從詞組變成複合詞的詞彙化過程。至於此八類之間的句法變異,我 們發現其「分類差異」(status variation)與及物性變異(transitivity variation)是一些規律互相競爭(competition)與互補(complementation) 的結果。此現象在謝(Hsieh,1989)的交互作用理論(Interaction Theory) 中早已被指出。而此理論在解釋句法變異上的完善,更證明了我們先前利 用名詞併入方式分析動賓結構是正確的。 / In Mandarin Chinese, there is a special construction called verb-object compounds. It has been observed by Li & Thompson (1981) that the verb-object compounds are derived historically from verb-object phrases. In this thesis, we attempt to verify this observation by means of the Incorporation Theory by Baker (1988). We argue that a syntactic rule, noun incorporation, applies to verb-object phrases and combines the verb and its direct object together to form a syntactic verbal complex. A morphological merging rule is added into the Theory, and applies immediately after the former rule to transform the newly created syntactic construct into a morphological one, a compound. Such and approach not only achieves the explanatory adequacy, but also resolves the long-standing controversies on the expandability of verb-object compounds and the paradox of verb-object compounds with dual status, if we keep a historical view on the process of the noun incorporation. Based on this analysis, the eight types of verb-object constructions form a continuum which roughly reflects a lexicalization process from verb-object phrases to verb-object compounds. As for the syntactic variation--status variation and transitivity variation--among different types verb-object consrtuctions, it is found to be a result of the competition and complementation among some rules, a fact evidenced in Hsieh's (1989) Interaction theory. the success of the interaction account further justifies our incorporation analysis on verb-object construcitons.
3

新上市股票與原股票之互補替代研究-以聯電、台積電、精英與大陸工程為例 / A Case Study on Substitutability and Complementarity of IPOs

蔣璧雲 Unknown Date (has links)
本研究想探討新上市股票到底吸引哪些投資人,是依據財務理論為達到分散風險而多角化,還是純粹因為投資人對於某些產業類別的資訊比較熟悉,因此只偏好集中投資某些產業股票,導致產生同時交易的”互補效果”。 隨著市場發展到某個階段投資人必然要尋找替代品,即價格更低的類似股票,這種“替代效果”使市場更趨於理性。台灣股市是否有新股對舊股的替代效果,導致投資人產生明顯的“喜新厭舊”情結。由於常發生新股上市後漲幅較大,是否因此增強投資人對新上市股票的興趣,使投資人資金配置跟著往新上市股票傾斜。 本文資料期間為1990年到2004年,由於聯電上市日期較早,又聯電與台積電同屬晶圓代工最常被比較,另外選了上市日期與台積電接近的公司作為對照,分別為電子股的精英與營建股的大陸工程為樣本。 以拓展整體市場的投資人數為目的,台積電吸引比較多新股上市前已經存在市場交易過的投資人;另外在這三家新上市公司的總投資人數中,台積電的新加入市場投資人比重最大。以三家新上市股票與聯電關係之比較,對本文所定義之互補性與替代性有顯著一致皆為正向影響之變數為Size與Turnover;當納入產業作為熟悉度的代理變數時也同為顯著正向影響。若再先以是否持續交易聯電投資人是否交易三家新上市股票投資人,兩群追蹤比對發現,仍然是台積電有較高的互補性與替代性。
4

知識互補建構過程分析-以技術知識與顧客知識為例 / An examination of the process of knowledge complementarity between technological knowledge and customer knowledge

姚成彥, Yao, Chen Yen Unknown Date (has links)
在快速變動的環境下,全球企業致力於持續創新以維持競爭優勢。創新是不同知識重組的過程。技術知識與顧客知識成為建構知識互補,達到創新的重要因素。過去的研究著重於測試互補效果的存在以及對於結果的影響。然而,針對知識互補的過程缺乏詳細的瞭解。本研究的目的即希望經由瞭解技術知識與顧客知識如何互補達到創新的過程,對於知識互補建構完整的概念。本研究包含兩個研究問題: (1) 如何定義兩種組織知識(技術知識與顧客知識)的知識互補?(2) 組織如何管理知識互補(技術知識與顧客知識)以達到創新? 本研究經過反覆的文獻探討及深度個案訪談後,將知識互補定義為一種狀態,當某一種知識提供另外一種知識的缺乏,經過知識互動後增加為了達到某個特定目的的全部價值。此外,建構知識互補過程開始於察覺為了達到某個特定目標知識的不足,進而確認另一種知識來補足它。經過知識互動後,互動的深度及廣度有所變化,兩種知識可能逐漸增加或產生知識質變而達到創新。 本研究基於文獻探討及個案分析的結果提出五個命題。命題主要是針對知識互補的過程、階段及不同類型的知識互補進行探討。本研究發現知識互補有三種型態:基礎性互補、突現性互補及機會性互補。 本研究利用動態觀點分析研發及業務部門知識互動情形,進而瞭解組織建構知識互補的過程。這種過程導向的研究不僅發現知識互補的存在,更進一步解釋知識互補的建構過程。組織可藉由動態管理知識互動以建構知識互補的過程,來達到持續創新的目的。本研究著重於知識本身,知識互補的概念、流程及型態對於創新及知識管理提供未來進一步研究的基礎。 / Global enterprises are currently engaged in continuous innovation to compete and sustain themselves in the dynamic changing market. The development of innovation is a process of novel combination of different kinds of knowledge. Both technological and customer knowledge have been identified as crucial for building knowledge complementarity for delivery of innovation. Researches have examined the existence of complementarity between inputs and the effect of output. Nevertheless, detailed understanding of the process of knowledge complementarity development is still lacking. The objective of this study is to develop a complete concept of knowledge complementarity with a thorough understanding of how technological knowledge complements customer knowledge in the process of adaptation and innovation. There are two research questions, as follows. (1) How can we define knowledge complementarity between the two kinds of organizational knowledge (technological knowledge and customer knowledge)? (2) How do organizations manage knowledge complementarity between technological knowledge and customer knowledge for innovation? Through iterative analyses of the existing literature and examination of empirical data, this study clarifies the definition of knowledge complementarity as a situation in which one source supplies knowledge that another source lacks, thus increasing the total value for achieving a specific purpose through knowledge interaction. The process of building knowledge complementarity starts with sensing the insufficiency of knowledge for a specific goal and identifying sources that can satisfy the deficiency. Then, through knowledge interactions, the scope and depth of the knowledge of the interactive parties are increased and evolved, resulting in an increased innovative value for the specific purpose. Based on the literature review and observation of case studies of T Probe Card and Cyber Software, five propositions were formulated. These propositions concern the sequences of the process of knowledge complementarity and different types of knowledge interaction for knowledge complementarity. The three types of knowledge complementarity identified are: infrastructural complementarity, emergent complementarity, and opportunity complementarity. In different to the static view to examine the relationship between knowledge management variables, this study uses a dynamic view to understand knowledge interaction between R&D and sales department in the process of building knowledge complementarity. This process-oriented study not only examines the existence of complementarity but also provides the explanation for "how" something happened and the sequence of events leading to the outcome. Rather than placing focus on the interactive activities, the underlying point of this study is on the knowledge itself. Operationalizable indexes of the scope and depth of knowledge interaction have been clearly developed for the purpose of examining knowledge interaction and their interplay in different types of knowledge complementarity. The concept, process and distinctive types of knowledge complementarity provide essential input to innovation and knowledge management. Organizations intent to build sustained innovation capability could benefit from this study by dynamically managing knowledge interactions for complementarity of different purposes.
5

圖書出版之互補性產業演進與產品創新速度關係之研究

劉翰璋 Unknown Date (has links)
本研究從圖書出版之概念成形到產品上市的過程,根據次級資料之實證,觀察1950年以來圖書出版之環境的演變以及互補性產業如何演進,以「互補性產業演進與產品創新速度之關係」為主軸,探討:1、圖書出版產業在從創意到產品上市的價值鏈為何?2、1950年以來,圖書出版產業之互補性產業如何演進?3、互補性產業形成的原因為何?4、互補性產業演進對於產品創新速度會造成什麼影響?研究發現如下: 一、「法律」及「科技」是從1950到2000年推動圖書出版產業演進主要的環境變因。「法律」的事件歸類為『著作權法』;「科技」的事件歸類為『印刷技術』、『生產作業電腦化』、『網路資訊科技』。 二、根據圖書出版產業的特性,歸納圖書出版產業中所包含之價值活動個別屬於不同的「核心技術類型」。『內容創作』、『載具製作』及『產品流通』等。『內容創作』是要創作圖書內容。『載具製作』是要將圖書內容以載具的形式儲存以便於流通,而一般載具的形式有紙本、光碟電子書及可直接透過網際網路傳輸的數位資訊等。『產品流通』主要是要將圖書產品傳輸、銷售給客戶。 三、「法律」環境變因衍生「內容創作」之互補性產業演進;「科技」衍生「載具製作」、「產品流通」之互補性產業演進。 四、「載具製作」及「產品流通」之互補性產業衍生「內容創作」之互補性產業。 五、隨著環境變因衍生互補性產業,互補性產業形成原因可歸納為:規模經濟利益、知識專精利益、交易成本降低。 六、互補性產業演進影響產業分工,縮短舊有產業價值鍊長度。「內容創作」之互補性產業演進促進價值鏈專業分工,影響出版業價值鏈長度之縮短;「載具製作」之互補性產業之演進促進價值鏈專業分工,影響印刷業價值鏈長度之縮短;「產品流通」之互補性產業之演進促進價值鏈專業分工,影響傳統通路業價值鏈長度之縮短。 七、互補性產業演進加速產品創新速度。「內容創作」之互補性產業演進促進「內容創作」價值鏈之產品創新速度;「載具製作」之互補性產業演進促進「載具製作」價值鏈之產品創新速度;「產品流通」之互補性產業演進促進「產品流通」價值鏈之產品創新速度。 本研究最後呼應Teece(1987) 對互補性產業之看法,(互補性資產會影響從創意成形到產品上市的過程),進一步引進Aaker(1991)「核心技術類型」的觀念,提出『互補性產業演進的模式,以及互補性產業演進對產品創新速度之影響』的觀念性模型。
6

凸函數最佳化在統計問題上的應用 / Convex optimization: A statistical application

劉世凰 Unknown Date (has links)
近年來,凸函數最佳化相關的理論與實務已漸趨完善並廣泛應用在各種不同的領域上。已知針對限制條件下之最大概似估計量(Maximum Likelihood Estimator,簡寫MLE)求解的統計問題,一般都是先求解在無限制條件下之全域最大概似估計量(global MLE),若所求得之解能滿足給定的限制條件時,則代表我們的確得到所要的結果;但若所求得之解不能滿足限制條件時,我們就必須考量於此限制條件下之求解區域的最大概似估計量(local MLE),而其計算通常趨於複雜。在本研究中,我們嘗試藉由凸函數最佳化的理論與方法在受限最大概似估計量的求解上。首先針對一組2X2列聯表(contingency table)資料,給定限制條件為勝算比(odds ratio,簡寫OR)不小於1情況下,欲求各聯合機率之受限最大概似估計量。接下來則討論針對3X2列聯表資料,給定兩個區域勝算比(local OR)皆不小於1之限制條件,求取各聯合機率的受限最大概似估計量。我們最終整理歸納出一套分析方法,並將此歸納結果拓展到對於任意J不小於2之JX2列聯表中之受限最大概似估計量計算問題上。本研究中所提出的求解方法包括將決策變數重新參數化,忽略原始的線性限制等式,並另外在原始目標問題中加入某個懲罰項,使其新的最佳化問題滿足凸函數最佳化問題的條件。接下來利用凸函數最佳化之理論,列出其Karush-Kuhn-Tucker 條件,再藉其中的互補差餘條件(complementary slackness)來分析求得理論最佳解。最後我們得出當懲罰項之相對應的係數為n時,則其所求得之最佳解即為此統計問題中之受限最大概似估計量。
7

論垂直相關市場中之整併策略:以互補要素模型分析 / Merger Decisions in Vertically Related Market with Complementary Inputs

謝宜庭 Unknown Date (has links)
本文利用互補要素模型分析垂直相關市場中之整併策略,並討論在不同談判力下之各種均衡市場結構。當下游廠商所需生產要素之一為獨賣要素,另一由寡占廠商生產時,下游廠商與上游非獨賣要素廠商將視整併後談判力保存程度大小與獨占要素廠商進行補貼與否而決定是否進行垂直整併,上游獨賣要素廠商則會經由比較整併一家下游廠商和任由其他廠商垂直整併所能獲得之利潤,決定在下游廠商談判力較大的情況下併購下游廠商。而當上游非獨賣要素廠商談判力極小或極大時,上游獨賣要素廠商與下游廠商整併亦較為有利。 / This research investigates merger decisions in a vertically-related market with two complementary intermediate inputs by using the Nash bargaining model. The production of final good involves two complementary inputs, exclusive inputs and commonly available inputs. The downstream firms and the oligopolistic upstream firms would merge if the preservation of bargaining power after merger is large enough or the monopolistic input supplier subsidizes them to do so. The monopolistic input supplier compares the gains of merging a downstream firm and the profit of letting other firms integrate. The monopolistic supplier would merge a downstream firm when the bargaining power of the downstream firms is large. Also, merging with a downstream firm becomes more profitable for the monopolistic supplier if the bargaining power of oligopolistic upstream firms is extremely small or extremely large.
8

影響使用者行動 App 內購買意願之因素 / Factors Affecting User's Intention to Purchase Within Mobile Applications

洪梓凱, Hung, Tzu Kai Unknown Date (has links)
App 內購買(In-App Purchase, IAP)已成為現今App 營收的主要模式,而過 去針對此一現象的研究大多集中於遊戲類的App,較少針對其他類型App(工 具、資訊、社交)進行探討。 本研究先利用文獻歸納的方式,整理出可能影響使用者App 內購買的因 素,再透過深度訪談法,針對曾經進行過App 內購買的使用者進行訪問,歸納 出App 使用動機、販售商品與App 的互補性與口碑情緒三個因素會影響使用者 對商品的知覺價值與購買意圖,並依此建構本研究的研究模型,並進行實驗設 計。在實驗中,本研究挑出四種不同類型的App,並以高低互補性、正面口碑 的有無為操弄變項,搭配App 使用動機來搜集資料並進行分析。 研究結果發現:(1) 部分App 使用動機會對知覺價值與購買意圖有顯著影響。 (2) App 與商品的互補性對於知覺價值與購買意圖皆有顯著影響。(3) 口碑對於 商品的知覺價值有顯著影響,但是對於購買意圖沒有顯著影響。顯示IAP 商品 是否能與App 有效整合,為App 帶來更多的價值,才是影響使用者購買意圖的 最大因素。 / In-App purchase(IAP) has become the main revenue model in App market. Previous studies on this issue are mostly focused on game Apps, and rarely explored other types of Apps such as productivity tools, information or social networking tools. In this study, we use literature analysis and in-depth interviews to find factors that may affect users’ in-app purchase intention. User motivation, product complementarity, and word-of-mouth are found to affect users’ perceived value and in-app purchase intention. We developed a theoretical model and designed an experiment to test the model. In the experiment, we chose four different types of Apps, designed with different levels of complementarity and different sentiment of word-of-mouth (user comments) as the treatment. The results indicated that: (1) Certain motivations significantly affected the perceived value and purchase intention of IAP products. (2) Complementarity between IAP products and the App significantly affected the perceived value and purchase intentions of IAP product. (3) word-of-mouth significantly affected perceived value but not affecting the purchase intention of IAP products.
9

台灣電腦相機廠商的創新模式-以A公司為例

江炳彰 Unknown Date (has links)
台灣消費性電子產業和以往在資通訊電子產業的經驗,有極大的不同。以往廠商只要在Wintel架構下,依循主流設計發展產品,做個快速的跟隨者,只要掌握製造優勢的條件,往往就能創造硬體產品的興盛。然而,對於沒有共同平台、沒有主流設計的消費性電子產業,這些都不足為憑,只有不斷推出令人驚艷的創新產品,才是價值創造的最大根源。因此,消費性電子產品的創新,不僅來自於豐富的專業的創意,更需要仰賴極致的技術和管理開發的效率。 本研究的目的,旨在探討台灣的企業邁向消費性電子產業的產品創新模式,這種模式必須整合不同的技術、發揮想像力、提高產品開發管理能力及運用企業內外資源等要素。其中,尤以培養創新的組織文化,是企業突破窠臼的重要因素。 本研究,透過單一公司的深入分析,將其創新能力的育成,分為內部管理機制及外部技術資源的運用兩個構面,並以國際大廠做為互補性資產,將破壞性創新產品巧妙的與市場連結,而推展到消費者手上的成功經驗。在研究中,內部管理機制方面,分別探討企業內部的創新平台與組織文化;在運用外部技術資源方面,則討論技術吸收的模式與策略夥伴的幫助。最後,對創新成果做進一步的檢驗,並對此一創新模型的複製與應用提出建議,以提供業界進行消費性電子產品創新管理與發展之參考。 / There are enormous different experiences between consumer electronic industry and IT Industry in Taiwan. In the past, as long as a maker keep himself as a rapid follower under Wintel design concept and grasping the manufacturing advantages, the make normally can easily create a booming market of hardware products. However, that is not enough for the consumer electronic product as there is no standard platform or main stream to follow, thus the true value can only created by the continuous new shinning products innovation and development. Thus the innovation of consumer product is not only from the creativity, it also relies on the ultimate technology and high efficiency of product development. The purpose of this research is to investigate the innovation model of Taiwanese enterprises in consumer electronic industry. This model has to integrate the various technologies, to extend the imagination, to manage the ability for product development and to utilize the internal and external resources; especially to cultivate the creative culture is the key factor for a company. This research adapts the detailed analysis of single company, whose incubates its ability by internal management mechanism and utilization of the external technical resources. To leverage the global firm’s market power as complementary assets, promotes the disruptive innovation product to consumers. In terms of internal management mechanism, discusses the internal innovation platform and organization culture. The other hand of utilizing the external resources, discusses the ways of technical knowledge learning and the support from the strategic partners. In the end, do the further exam on the innovation results, and offer the opinion on the duplication and application for the model. This could be a reference for product innovation and management of consumer electronic industry.
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彩券與娛樂性消費支出關係之研究 / A Study on the Relationship between Lottery and Recreation Expenditure

陳慧琪, Chen, Hui-Chi Unknown Date (has links)
世界各國政府為了廣開籌措財源的管道,對於各類博彩事業已從過去的嚴格禁止到「寓禁於徵」,一方面可使賭博透明化便於監督,防止犯罪行為糾纏;另一方面又可讓財政困窘的政府藉以獲得相當稅收;博彩事業的合法化及加入娛樂趣味性就成為現今休閒產業發展的潮流之一。故本研究針對國內近期發行的公益彩券進行上述之相關探討,研究內容包含: 1.透過文獻探討菸、酒及彩券三種財貨「寓禁於徵」之效果, 2.透過問券分析,公益彩券發行後、公益彩券價格改變及發行電腦彩券對六合彩購買者影響之關聯性分析及比例性分析, 3.透過問券分析,公益彩券發行後、公益彩券價格改變及民眾所得水準提昇對民眾日常娛樂性消費支出的影響,並分析公益彩券與一般娛樂性消費支出為替代或互補關係。 透過文獻探討及問券分析後,本研究主要發現及結論如下: 1.菸、酒、彩券之長期價格彈性大於短期價格彈性;彩券較菸、酒富於彈性,彩券價格彈性通常大於1而菸酒價格彈性通常小於1,故對彩券「寓禁於徵」之效果會較菸、酒為佳, 2.透過問卷模擬公益彩券價格調降後發現,除了唱歌之外,一般娛樂性消費支出與公益彩券為互補關係,可能是由於彩券價格調降後,民眾實質所得增加的效益,使民眾同時增加彩券及其他娛樂性消費支出,故呈現互補現象。然而公益彩券價格調降後,娛樂性消費支出金額不變的民眾也不算少,約佔樣本的59.32%,可見不受公益彩券影響的民眾也不算少, 3.由問卷模擬所得增加後發現,一般娛樂性消費支出(不含六合彩及彩券)為正常財;彩券與六合彩隨著所得增加而減少消費,故彩券與六合彩在本研究發現為劣等財。

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