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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
31

英国の建築開発事業における評価及び管理手法の実証的研究

田中, 康治 24 September 2021 (has links)
京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第23501号 / 工博第4913号 / 新制||工||1767(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院工学研究科建築学専攻 / (主査)教授 金多 隆, 教授 三浦 研, 教授 平田 晃久 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DGAM
32

人工雙方喊價市場之競價行為與市場績效的研究-遺傳規劃的應用

池秉聰 Unknown Date (has links)
近年來,網際網路(Internet)快速發展,已成為一個無疆無界無時差的市場,如何不被這股潮流所淘汰,我們所提出的解決方案—軟體代理人(software agent),一位具有人工智慧(artificial intelligence)演化調適(adaptive)能力的代理人,現在已經有許多企業與資訊、管理、電腦科學等各方面專家結合,開始使用軟體代理人來代勞,試想一位永不停止、具有創新、學習適應的員工,企業家可以隨意複製或刪除,隨時配合市場規模,不必擔心任何裁員的負擔,這樣的代理人的問世,勢必對我們的經濟環境帶來莫大的衝擊。 電子商務(electronic commerce)已經行之有年,人類的消費型態似乎不易於因這個轉變而有所改變,消費者如果沒有經過視覺、觸覺、嗅覺等感官的刺激,很難有購買的動機,再加上授信制度的不健全使得電子商務的施行充滿了風險。雖然有這麼多問題,我們仍無法阻擋這股趨勢,在電子科技的進步,3D數位影像、各種感官刺激的傳送、或如同期貨市場上明確公認的規格、法律的修訂、完善的認證制度,接下來我們就是要看軟體代理人的表現。 我們將軟體代理人運用在人工雙方喊價(artificial double auction)的市場,就像真實市場已經有人開始使用自動下單或自動議價代理人的機制一樣。然而市場上是否有必然不敗的策略呢?本文就是要解開這個答案。再進一步來看,待真實市場每個成員受不了生存競爭的壓力,也採取使用代理人的演化性策略,屆時我們的人工市場就是真實市場的縮影,我們在本文也會針對這樣一個具有未來前瞻性市場的表現如何?透過經濟學的角度來揭露市場的本質是否仍然維持? 在本文軟體代理人即為議價代理人(bargaining agent),她可以在穩定的(stable)市場環境(其他參與者使用固定策略)中辨別出一些有利的市場特徵,藉由這些特徵發展出有利的策略,而其結果甚至不是很容易想到的策略;接著若每個人都使用議價代理人在市場上交易,這裡我們使用一種納許式過程(Nash-like process)來詮釋,之後再分別依市場的分配效率、價格效率、及所得分配來討論市場績效。
33

於行動計算網路上建構一個具有服務品質保障之以代理人為基礎的服務系統以提供用戶及行動代理人的行動能力管理之研究 / A Study on Building A QoS Agent-Based Service System in Managing Client Mobility and Agent Mobility for Mobile Computing Network

黃智賢, Huang, Jyh-Shyan Unknown Date (has links)
本論文研究在於一行動計算網路上建構一個具有服務品質保障之以代理人為基礎的服務系統以提供用戶及行動代理人的行動能力管理。此研究主要的貢獻可分為以下三方面: (1) 提出行動能力管理機制,使行動用戶能以單一用戶ID漫遊於不同的網路上 (2) 提出行動代理人行動能力管理機制,幫助系統搜尋一已派遣出之代理人以加強對代理人的管理 (3) 提出一個「以代理人 (Agent) 為基礎之有服務品質 (QoS) 保障的管理架構」以支援行動代理人及行動用戶之行動能力的管理,並確保服務品質 在本論文中,我們將探討如下的研究課題: (1) 對行動用戶之行動能力的管理 (A) 多個廣域網路管理中心架構 (B) 用戶行動能力與網路通訊時間之分析 (C) 訂定欲註冊之GNMC、LNMC選擇策略 (D) 行動用戶移動時的註冊及註銷策略 (E) 對行動用戶之位置的定位及追蹤 (F) 使用暫存器記錄以提昇用戶位置追蹤的效率 (2) 對行動代理人之管理 (A) 對行動代理人之多種搜尋策略 (B) 於每次搜尋時,移除最多之代理人不可能停留之主機的個數 (C) 預測代理人位於某一特定主機的機率 (D) 動態轉換搜尋策略的機制 (E) 計算搜尋某一代理人所需拜訪之主機的期望個數 (F) 搜尋時配合代理人監聽的機制 (3) 設計及建構一「有服務品質保障之以代理人為基礎的服務系統」 (A) 系統架構 (B) 定義代理人服務系統中每一元件之功用及實作細節 (C) 代理人管理機制 (D) 服務品質表示方法 (E) 有服務品質保障之服務 / In this research, we study the issues of building a QoS agent-based service system in managing client mobility and agent mobility for mobile computing network. Our major contribution is classified into the following three categories: (1) Propose sets of client mobility management strategies to support clients roaming on different networks (2) Propose mobile agent search strategies to manage mobile agent mobility (3) Propose a QoS agent-based management architecture to manage clients and agents mobilities; and provide service to clients with QoS guarantee. The details are elaborated as follows: (1) Mobile client mobility management (A) Multiple GNMCs Architecture (B) Modeling client mobility behavior and network communication time (C) Criteria of choosing GNMC and LNMC for registration (D) Registration and de-registration strategies of mobile clients (E) Location tracking of mobile clients (F) Location tracking with cache policy (2) Mobile agent mobility management (A) Search strategies for mobile agents (B) Maximizing number of excluded servers in each probe (C) Estimating the residing probability that an agent resides in a server (D) Dynamic switching agent search policy (E) Evaluating the expected probing number when searches an agent (F) Agent search with listening agent (3) Design and implement a QoS agent-based service system (A) An proposed agent system architecture (B) Functionalities and implementation details of the system components (C) Agent manager design details (D) User QoS assignment and mapping to system QoS (E) Service with QoS guarantee
34

線上常見問題解答系統的改進-代理人程式觀念的應用 / Improvement on On-Line FAQ Answering System: The Application of Agent System Concepts

溫鳳祥 Unknown Date (has links)
顧客關係管理(Customer Relationship Management,縮寫為CRM)是近來十分熱門的觀念,而關係行銷是此觀念在行銷上的實際應用。關係行銷的理論認為如果企業能蒐集顧客的詳盡資訊,並據此開發出個人化的行銷計劃,就可以有效地提昇顧客的滿意度,使其成為企業的忠實客戶,為企業帶來長期性的收益。   在行銷活動中,售後服務是維持顧客滿意度的重要環節。本研究以售後服務中的產品常見問題集(Frequently Asked Questions,縮寫為FAQ)為主題,實作一個FAQ導覽與維護的雛型系統。使用者可以在系統的協助下,瀏覽與產品有關的FAQ,若找不到想要的資訊,則可以提出新的問題,要求公司為其解答。   本系統運用代理人程式的觀念,協助FAQ導覽與新問題處理工作的遂行,並利用社群討論的方式,為顧客提出的新問題尋求解答。為了讓企業重視FAQ的維護工作,本研究試圖將FAQ的維護責任與公司的客服體制作初步的結合,其作法是將新問題的處理責任加諸於公司的員工,並由公司主管監督其工作進度。藉由這些努力,本研究希望塑造出一個良好的FAQ服務環境,使得顧客與企業能互蒙其利。 / Customer relationship management (CRM) has become a very popular concept recently. Relationship marketing is one of its application in marketing area. The relationship marketing theory claims that collecting detailed information about customers and developing customized marketing plans for individual customers can improve customer satisfaction and loyalty significantly, and organizations will benefit from this strategy in the long term.   Post-sale service (or after-sale service) is a vital part of marketing activities for maintaining customers' satisfaction. This study focuses on product FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions) in the post-sale service category and implements a prototype system which would allow FAQ navigation and maintenance on the Internet. Users can browse product-related FAQs with assistance from the system. If they cannot find satisfying information, they could issue new requests, and the organization would then resolve them.   The system applies software agents to assist the process of FAQ navigation and answering of new questions. Customers' requests can also be solved by a community-discussion approach. To force organizations to pay more attention to post-sale service, this study tries to incorporate FAQ maintenance into customer services by requiring employees to answer any raised questions, and allowing the managers to monitor the performance of those employees. Through such efforts, this study establishes a FAQ service environment and creates a win-win situation for both customers and organizations.
35

軟體元件電子市集突現:以代理人為基礎之計算經濟研究途徑 / The Emergence of Software Component Electronic Marketplaces: Through An Agent-based Computing Economics Approach

朱文禎, Chu, Wen-chen Unknown Date (has links)
軟體元件電子市集突現:以代理人為基礎之計算經濟研究途徑 摘 要 軟體發展與演進過程中,產生軟體危機問題,而軟體再用是解決軟體危機的重要因應之道。軟體元件電子市集的興起是軟體演進史上一個重要里程碑,提供軟體再用的核心基礎建設。 本文探討軟體元件電子市集突現的本質原因和信任關係的發展過程,以遺傳規劃法(Genetic Programming, GP)為主的代理人基礎的計算經濟 (Agent-based Computational Economics, ACE) 研究途徑,整合軟體元件特性、交易成本、滿意和信任關係建立模擬模式。藉以觀察和分析底層買賣雙方連續滿意交易與信任關係發展,和上層軟體元件電子市集行為突現(emerge)動態過程。 結果顯示:在市場力量下,具標準化軟體元件,電子市集行為突現過程中,謹慎型交易策略將會勝出,進而主導整個市場。當元件功能特殊性程度低時,電子市集行為的購買率將比元件功能特殊性程度高者更為顯著。如果考慮交易態度滿意與否,記憶型滿意者市集行為的購買率將顯著低於高滿意型,而顯著高於低滿意型。若考慮不同信任程度函數,高信任型電子市集購買率顯著高於低信任型,低信任型其電子市集購買率顯著高於不信任型,對於目錄型市集行為和忠誠目錄型市集行為,上述信任函數的形態亦依序顯著影響購買率的高低。 同時,在不同信任型之間,高信任型大多數有連續累積交易行為;而低信任型則同時採用連續和臨時交易行為;不信任型大多數是臨時交易行為,要花費更多時間的演化,以建立彼此信任關係才會出現連續交易乃至於連續累積交易行為。 關鍵字:軟體元件電子市集、交易成本、遺傳規劃法、代理人基礎計算經濟、信任、突現 / The Emergence of Software Component Electronic Marketplaces: Through An Agent-based Computing Economics Approach Abstract Software reuse plays a vital role in response to software crises in software evolution. An emergence of software component e-marketplace is one of the great milestones providing a core infrastructure for software reuse. The objective of this study involving features of s/w components, transaction costs and satisfaction-trust relations intends to understand why s/w component e-marketplaces emerge as well as demonstrate how they do. The model allows agents to develop their trust in the market as a function of continuation of a satisfied relation through an agent-based computational economics approach with genetic programming. The findings show that the agents with prudent strategies tend to dominate the market in evolution of e-marketplaces under the market power. In addition, the lower level the functional particularity of component is, the higher the buying rate is. As the satisfaction attitude is taken into consideration, the buying rate of recall-satisfied agents lies between that of low-satisfied agents and that of high-satisfied agents. Moreover, when the comparisons are made among the three types of trust function, the buying rate of the high-trust agent is higher than that of low-trust agents. And the buying rate of the low-trust agent is bigger than that of not-trust agents. Similarly, the sequences of the buying rate are strongly influenced by different type of trust function at the catalog market and the loyal catalog market. Meanwhile, almost all high-trust agents have continuous and loyal trade behavior. Either continuous or temporal trade behavior is usually found in the low-trust agents. The tentative trade behavior is seen among almost every not-trust agents. In another words, it is well obvious that it takes more time for the not-trust agents to accumulate trust from their possible trade partners. Keywords: Software component electronic marketplaces; Transaction costs; Genetic programming (GP); Agent-based computational economics (ACE); Trust, Emergence
36

經濟學中的創新: 代理人基計算建模 / Innovation in Economics: Agent-Based Computational Modelling

池秉聰, Ping Tsung,Chih Unknown Date (has links)
創新一直是經濟學長久想要補捉的現象之一, 能夠成功地描述人類的創新, 就能解釋微觀的個體興衰以及巨觀的經濟成長。本研究嘗試建立一個以商品內涵為中心的經濟體系, 包裝在生產者和消費者所組成的商品市場。個體是以軟體代理人 (software agent) 來建模, 其被賦予獨立的學習機制。藉由個體的市場互動模擬, 我們可以更進一步的瞭解創新所帶來經濟成長背後的底層結構。有別於過去的研究對商品的描述。我們使用的方法可以同時兼具商品的質與量, 換言之, 商品的異質與同質大量生產目的是為了滿足各式各樣不同的消費族群。透過消費者對商品的篩選機制, 生產者的優勝劣敗於是產生。什麼樣的特徵具有較佳的存活機率, 什麼樣的組合結構會帶來較高的經濟成長 (即創新所帶來的福利效果), 便成為我們積極想要探索的問題。 / Innovation has always been viewed as one of the phenomena economists ardently attempt to explain. Once the process of innovation is successfully identified, it can be applied to describe not only individual progress but also the economic development as a whole. In this study, a commodity market with producers and consumers is conducted. Each producer has been modeled as a software agent who can independently perform learning functions. The simulation of the market activities may foster our understanding of the base structure of economic development brought by innovation. Unlike past research, our approach takes into account both the quality and quantity of a manufactured good. In other words, in respond to the need of diverse consumers, a producer may choose to adopt quantity-oriented or quality-oriented strategy. Success is defined in terms of the popularity of goods. This paper aims to discuss the characteristics and commodity combinations of successful producers. By doing this, the benefit of innovation can therefore be unveiled.
37

我國公司經理人法律地位之研究 / A Study of the Legal Problems of Corporate Officers in Taiwan

陸君卿, Lu, Chun-Ching Unknown Date (has links)
本研究立於「法人實在理論」和現代公司之「經營與所有分離原則」上,大膽假設「公司經理人有別於民事的意定代理人、公司法經理人的規範結構應有別於民法經理人的規範結構」,因此本文必須檢討經理人法律地位各面向的法律問題,從解構經理人法制開始,最後根據探討後的發現,重新定位經理人的法律構造和法律地位。本研究的思考脈絡及論理體系反映在論文目錄,摘要如下: 第一章說明研究架構和研究方法。 第二章檢討經理人的法律概念。在法律規範中,「經理人」是享有管理事務和簽名權限、負擔特定法律義務和法律責任之自然人。本章比對後歸納現行經理人法制中認定經理人實有三種標準,展現出四種態樣以及現行法對於經理人資格的要求和欠缺積極或消極資格的六種法律效果。最後,檢討各種認定經理人標準的實益及影響,以本章探討為基礎,提出以經理人登記作為認定經理人的標準。 第三章檢討經理人的職權位階和法理構造。本章探討經理人在商業組織中的功能、位階和享有執行業務權限的正當性,所以必須清查現行法中其他具有執行業務權限的人員和法人機關,並且一一與經理人的職權做比較,以凸顯經理人在組織中的位階;其次,檢討經理人與其他有執行業務權限之人,其間發生權限衝突和權限競合的情形,以及合理的處理方法;以前述探討後的發現為基礎,再比較經理人與執行業務機關職權的法理構造,透視經理人與執行業務機關的內在結構。本章發現公司組織的經理人與公司執行業務機關皆立於營業輔助人的地位,其經理權與法人機關權限有別,屬於代理權限,為公司經理人找到初步的定位。 第四章從經理權特性檢討經理權的得喪變更。第三章對公司經理人之定位,是否能夠在法理上得到支持?本章首先要確立經理權的法律屬性,次分析經理權與民事意定代理權法律屬性的差異,以便進一步確認民事意定代理、民法經理權和公司法經理權法理構造的差異。其次,以第三章確認的經理人位階和經理權法理構造以及本章確認的經理權法律特性做為意識,以民法授與代理權的理論模型分別檢討公司法、民法和特別法經理權限的取得、喪失/變更和法律效力。分析後發現,公司法「選任經理人的決議」的性質是關鍵,其不僅賦予經理人身分,同是具有「授與經理權」的性質,但是不宜認定為「締結有償契約關係」的意思表示。 第五章檢討經理人與營業主體的基礎法律關係。本章首先探討該基礎契約關係的特徵,次與委任契約和雇傭契約比較後,以前幾章研究後累積的認知為基礎,檢討是否有必要將基礎法律關係定性為委任契約?有無必要與經理權的授與行為掛鉤?再以民法之代理權授與行為無因性理論為基礎,檢討基礎法律關係之變動對於經理權是否有影響?探討後導出基礎契約關係不必然是委任契約,基礎契約關係的得喪變更對於經理權的得喪沒有必然的影響,此一發現,可以呼應經理權授權行為不必採取契約說,間接地支持本文第三章採取的單獨行為說。此外,從信賴保護的原理檢討發生表見經理權的可能情況,而論及經理人登記制度在信賴保護原理下健全經理人制度的使命。 第六章探討經理人的義務與法律責任。本章檢討公司治理的對象是否及於經理人?在我國討論經理人對內、對公司負擔契約義務,乃基於其間的基礎法律關係,幾乎不曾討論基於代理理論,經理人對本人是否負擔義務?本章以美國為例,探討其現況。其次,整理和分析現行法中科以經理人賠償責任、刑罰和行政罰的法條,歸納出經理人對內、對外的民事賠償責任、刑事法律責任和行政法律責任;並再加以區分為個人身分、經理人身分、公司負責人身分和受雇人身分負責,以及區別是否與營業主體連帶賠償或者並罰等情形。以此為架構再探討適用經理人處罰規定時的法律問題。除了呼應第二章所提出的以經理人登記做為認定經理人的標準和第五章呼籲經理人登記制度的使命,經理人身分在現行法下沈重的法律責任,更凸顯以「登記行為做為取得經理人身分的生效要件」,慎重其事的正當性。 第七章檢討經理人法規範下的適用問題。本章以第二至第六章探討後的心得整理出適用經理人法規範時可能碰觸的鄰接問題,例如公司依照民法第五五三條選任的經理人得否依照公司之登記及認許辦法登記之?又例如民法經理權範圍與公司法經理權範圍的設計是否應有分別?以及勞動法規、證券交易法規或或者銀行法規如何認定經理人?這些特別法中與經理人概念鄰接的身分概念為何?如何解釋和適用法律?等等。二十一世紀經理人在公司法與民法之間如何適從? 第八章結論。沿著本研究各章問題意識的發展,整合各章的發現和主張,歸納出本研究的心得和見解。
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電子化政府主動服務經營模式探討 / A study for developing the model of E-government proactive service

施明德, Shih, Ming Der Unknown Date (has links)
建構優質的電子化政府,首要條件是提供民眾整合型一站式服務的入口網站,達成一站式服務,除共用基礎設施服務外,應具備介接整合各機關資訊與線上服務的能力。過往政府推動電子化政府,雖然已獲得相當成就,但各機關資訊系統整合程度不足,多數服務尚無法提供跨機關主動服務,本研究是藉由文獻的蒐集與研究,並以創新的思維,提出政府主動服務的經營模式,並採個案研究方法,驗證所提出之模式的可行性,因此,在研究方法上,將著重現實現象的整理與未來環境、機制的設計,即採行從當前環境到期望環境藍圖(From AS-IS to TO-BE)策略分析的研究模式。 本研究結果發現:1.各國政府以實現「全政府」作為主要策略,顯示推動資訊系統整合仍為主要工作。2.藉由Web2.0 使用戶間強大連結力,企業可以快速產生新的商業模式,提升企業網站的知名度與使用度。3.本研究提出改變電子化政府服務型態的三要素,資訊代理人、以家戶為主體、為顧客提供Web2.0平台。4. 本研究將網站的服務分為九種型態,提供網站服務轉型參考。5.本研究提出以CRM建構前瞻性主動服務的理念,整合內部資訊與顧客喜好,主動提供顧客服務。 政府Myegov入口網與民眾e管家,本研究提出主動服務的改造建議有:1.Myegov入口網應提供元件共享、資訊透過RSS互通。2.提供跨機關主題式服務、提供民眾可自行訂製、設計自己符合自己需要的e政府管家。3.以「家」為主體的理念,引導政府透過政府共享式服務平台,主動整合後台資訊系統。4.運用資料倉儲系統,建立市民關係管理共享式資料庫,提供民眾前瞻性主動服務。 / In order to construct a high-quality e-government, an integrated one-stop-shop service portal must be provided to the general public. In addition to sharing the services of IT infrastructure, to achieve the integrated one-stop service is also necessary to provide interfaces for all departments so that their information and services can be integrated. In the past, the government has reached many achievements in transforming many of the governmental related processes electronically. However, the integrated information system between different levels and/or ministries is not enough to provide the general public certain interdepartmental services actively. It is the hope of this research to discover an efficient strategy to push for better proactive e-government service model and to provide such strategy to the government for further reference. According to this research is hoping to use innovative thinking to come up the proactive e-government service model based on the collection and research of various documents and literature. This study will also use related e-government research cases for feasibility study on the model proposed. As such, this research stressed on current condition and future context, the design of mechanism, employing in “As-Is to To-Be” strategic analysis research model. This result of study is found: 1.The governments of various countries promote the e-government's main strategy as the future service was still realizing on the information-intensive society of “the whole government”. It shows that various countries are pushing the work on information system integration. 2. Web2.0 is not only a new information technology, but the mechanism that enterprises are used for interacting with end user and offer the space to user by sharing information at the same time. According to leverage the linkage through powerful strength on Web2.0 service use, enterprises can produce the new business model timely and improving enterprise website’s popularity and utilized degree. 3. To create the innovative e-government service, this research proposed three key elements to change government's service type and performance measurement, including “the information agent”, “relies mainly on family one”, “offers Web2.0 service platform to customer”. 4. This research based on web information providing method and service attribute to defined the nine kinds of service model to transforming the portal service as proactive service type. 5. The research proposed and constructed the “customer first” proactive service theory and integrated the customer relevant information and favor internally to providing many of services proactively. Moreover, based on Myegov portal and e-housekeeper, the research proposed active service transformation items are: 1. Myegov portal should provide Portlet-based shared components, RSS subscribing and exchanging service. 2. Offering the topic type’s Blog service by cross departments; offering general public to define, design their own custom e-housekeeper services through e-government. 3. According to “the family” theme’s concept, government should provide the integrated back-end IT system through the shared service platform actively. 4. Use the data warehouse system to gather the department and people relevant information, and build up the shared database on customer relationship management system to provide the “customer first” proactive service.
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稅務行政訴訟形式與實體問題認知之差異—比較法官、律師及會計師 / The difference between the cognition of formality and substance in the tax litigation—Comparison among judges, lawyers& CPAs

傅馨儀, Fu,Shin Yi Unknown Date (has links)
我國稅務訴訟案件繫屬於行政法院,並佔行政法院約四成左右。因此若能達成稅務訴訟案件訴訟經濟之效果,對行政法院或訴訟代理人而言均相當重要。惟欲使法官清楚訴訟代理人對稅務案件的陳述重點需要某程度的訴訟技巧,才能配合法院達成訴訟經濟,並且達到會計事務所替當事人妥適處理個案的目標。本論文藉由重要議題之問卷訪問,尋求訴訟代理人律師及會計師與法官間順利溝通的平臺。本論文以法院行政救濟實務為主要討論架構,篩選數個重要議題,例如稅務訴訟案件個案須認定與查證何事項(包含會影響法官形成心證之因素、稅務訴訟案件之舉證責任及稅務訴訟案件法律適用與法律解釋方式等),並針對個案內容訴狀之撰寫方式,依照法院審究重點方向,以理則學的邏輯論述方式,討論稅務訴訟案件之形式與實體應著重之內涵,目的在提供實務界行政訴訟之訴訟代理人參考,以利進行稅務訴訟案件。 本文文末另對稅務行政訴訟制度提出改革建議,諸如:增設訴訟輔導科以便利人民行使訴訟權;並為達成訴訟經濟,法官與稅務訴訟代理人均加強稅法會計知識之專業訓練課程;建議設置專業稅務訴訟法院與研議專家參審制等,作為改進稅務行政訴訟制度之參考。 / Tax litigation is in the administrative court in Taiwan, and occupies the administrative court approximately about 40%. If we can achieve effect of the tax affairs lawsuit economy, it is quite important to the administrative court or the legal representative (including lawyer and certified public accountant). We wants to achieve the lawsuit economy, and achieves the goal of the Public accounting firms for the litigant case, must let judges clear legal representative statements’ key point of the tax cases, those need lawsuit skill. This essay aim to those important topic to design questionnaire, By judges、attorney at law and accountant fill in the questionnaire, seeks between legal representative (attorney at law and accountant) and judge the communication platform. The thesis select several important topics, discuss composition in view of the case content, as well as the court investigates the key direction and how to using the logical elaboration way to describe dispute issues. In order to help judge and legal representative carries on the tax litigation cases. Finally this paper puts forward the reform proposal of tax administrative lawsuit legal system, such as: establishment Tax administrative lawsuit counseling branch, specialist training curriculum of Tax and accounting, the suggestion establishment specialized lawsuit court, the expert participates in the trial……etc.
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法定代理人與未成年人間利益相反行為之研究

陳中順 Unknown Date (has links)
法定代理權具有包括性,且本人對法定代理人並無控制能力,則如何避免法定代理人背離立法目的—保護未成年人之利益,為自己或他人之利益,而代理未成年人為損害未成年人利益之行為,乃成為一大問題。我國舊法中,除第一百零六條外,欠缺限制法定代理權之規範,實務適用上遂產生許多爭議、疑問。 民國96年5月23日,立法者參考日本立法例,於民法新訂第一千零八十六條第二項「父母之行為與未成年子女之利益相反,依法不得代理時,法院得依父母、未成年子女、主管機關、社會福利機構或其他利害關係人之聲請或依職權,為子女選任特別代理人。」,希望透過該條文解決舊法實務之問題。然而在我國條文與日本條文用語有所不同下,我國法是否可如日本法中的利益相反行為制度,發揮一、處理禁止自己代理、雙方代理規定之衍生問題,及二、作為限制法定代理權之上位規範,此二功能,乃是存有爭議的。另外,日本法之利益相反行為制度亦存在許多問題,如:特別代理人制度效果不彰、形式判斷說易於規避、實質判斷說欠缺明確標準等,我國新法是否應全盤引進,乃值得再商榷。 最後,本文結論是反對新法條文和日本法為相同之擴張解釋,並對舊法實務之問題,提出類推適用第一百零七條之看法,希望可以藉此減輕舊法實務所產生之爭議。

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