欲建構一個全方位的電影基地，實為龐大且複雜的計劃。臺中市政府新聞局於2011年開始規劃並落實建構的「中臺灣電影推廣園區」，研究者為該計畫決策執行兼推動者，故以行動研究的親身參與及實際觀察法，透過反省與修正探索建構一個全方位電影基地過程中，其關鍵問題與因應策略的現象及影響；歸納分析因各不同環境或人為因素變動，以及所選擇因應策略對產出結果的影響。期待本研究結果能成為未來類似計畫之參考。 本案研究者依系統循環的概念，以圖示歸納關鍵事件與因應策略對應後產出的結果，比對其變革後的結果與最初規劃目標之間的連結關係，從本研究發現中得出結果如下： 1.電影政策與城市行銷，可有直接的正向聯結關係。 2.一個計劃在建構期間出現無法預設的變革為正常現象。 3.良好的溝通與協調，亦可能成為影響結果的重要因應策略。 4.選擇得當的因應策略，即使改變，也可能出現比預期還好的成效。 根據本案的研究發現，提出建議如下： 1.全方位的電影文化與相關之產業政策應持續支持及推動。 2.變革雖為正常現象，但堅守目標、宗旨與原則，持續培植人才仍為重要使命。 3.即使觀念或訴求不同，但在追求社會與文化進歩發展的觀點下，更需透過理性的溝通與協調，求取共識。 4.變革可以期許出更好的新局與未來，但過往的歷史與紀錄，仍是新時代影像工作不可棄置的重要觀點。 / The objective is to build an all-purpose movie operational base and overcome any possible complications regardless the scale of them. The Information Bureau of Taichung City Government has started implementing the construction of “ Mid-Taiwan Movie Promotion Park” since 2011. The research unit for this particular project is also the project promoter and the executor. In other words, this project researcher was able to personally participate and inspect the production process through in person observation where the researcher could reflect on the adjustment made to target key issues in the park establishing process. The project researcher categorizes and analyzes these the park establishment strategy and analyzed results may also be affected by various human and environment factors. The purpose of this research is to have the analysis brought to the public and thus makes a positive impact for similar future projects. The researcher utilizes a system circulation concept and further demonstrates and clarifies this concept via diagram and visual presentation. The system circulation concept not only compares the result after modifications and the initial goal, but also bridges the relation between the result and the initial goal. The research reveals the following listed below: 1.The relationship between movies related policies and city marketing could be direct, positive, and constructive simultaneously. 2.It is typical that unpredictable barriers appear during the construction period. 3.Friendly constructive communication and coordination could be a key factor that affects the project outcome. 4.Appropriate response could result a better-then-expected outcome. Suggested strategies according to the research listed below: 1.An all－purpose movie culture and its related industries policies should be supported and promoted in a persistent and everlasting manner. 2.Although proposed plan may not always implement accordingly, the big picture is to stay adhere to goal, purpose, and principle and continue to cultivate talents. 3.It is particularly important to reason rationally and coordinate to reach a mutual aim when parties express difference aspirations and perspectives. 4.Changes could motivate breakthrough and, at the same time, it is crucial to keep the past in the back of the mind and note from the it.

改革開放後，上海市在中共中央的規劃下，希望於二十一世紀時成為國際經濟中心的城市；然而，上海市的城市功能定位自 1949 年後由國際外向型經濟中心轉為國內型生產城市，城市功能、空間佈局亦隨之改變。卻成功達成「以上海浦東開發開放為龍頭，進一步開放長江沿岸城市，盡快把上海建成國際經濟、金融、貿易中心之一，帶動長江三角洲和整個長江流域地區經濟的新飛躍」的發展目標，城市佈局的重建可說是支撐上海市實現其目標的基礎。 本論文嘗試就外商直接投資（第二章）、地方政府行為（第三章）及房地產（第五章）三個角度探討上海市城市空間變化，也試著探討政府、外資及房地產三者間彼此的互動與影響。而從分析的過程中發現，中國大陸欲引進外資解決其資金缺乏的問題，以各式優惠的政策來吸引外資；外國投資者看重的是中國大陸廣大的市場。上海市同樣面臨資金缺乏的問題，為進行城市空間的改造與建設，上海市藉舊城改造、新區開發及住房改革等因素形成的房地產吸引外資的投入，三者間形成巧妙的互動與影響。 　　經濟與政治間的角力在上海市生動的呈現，上海市為了資金的到位，變更了原有的城市規劃設計，外商為了獲利願意配合政策投資獲利極小的平價或動遷住宅，在互相協商、較勁後，可以發現上海市再從計畫經濟轉軌至市場經濟時，經濟利益的影響雖大，但仍未能掌控上海城市空間的發展。相對的，上海市政府卻實際巧妙的利用外資進行了城市空間的重構與發展，同時也獲得了所需的資金。

本文以「都市」作為分析西西作品裡的切入點，探討西西創作歷程中以城 市作為主題或場景的作品，呈現出作家眼中的獨特城市風景，書寫與客觀環境 間的關係以及書寫對作家、城市的重要。香港作為一個現代化的城市，其殖民 經驗和九七回歸的政治、社會經驗刺激作家思考本地情感與文化認同。從西西 早期的作品，如《我城》、《美麗大廈》等作品，已呈現細緻流動的城市生 活，瑣碎平凡的文字間透露作家對香港本地的情感與記憶，並以個體實踐和生 命歷程為城市注入新的活力和風采。對城市生活的情感和記憶為香港主權回歸 中國帶來的文化認同思考，帶來穩固的基礎。西西在八○年代後的肥土鎮系列 作品，漸次地反思不同年代的政治、社會問題，看見作家思考問題時轉折的態 度和情感，直至九○年代的《飛氈》追述和想像香港歷史，確立西西對香港的 文化想像和認同情感。隨著時代之變遷，二十一世紀後的小說裡，其城市面貌 與過去有所區別，其因不免是由於政權更易、社會現象改變的客觀環境因素， 亦有作家個人境遇改變的主觀因素。在分析後期作品裡的城市時，西西以其女 性的生命情態與城市之間的思考、寫作對城市背後的政治、經濟思維系統的解 構作用，使西西看待城市時帶著敏銳又滿懷情感的眼光。

2010年12月25日在臺灣的地方自治史上產生了前所未有的重大變革，也就是五大直轄市的形成，同時也使馬英九總統在2008年總統大選期間，所提出的「三都十五縣」的政見破局。但這樣的結果，對改制前的臺北縣而言，可說是完成追逐了30年，但卻仍遙不可及的夢想，也結束了長期淪為次等公民的不平等待遇。 升格後的新北市與臺北市在地方自治的體制上雖可說已是並駕齊驅，但是就兩者的發展歷史而言，新北市目前仍處於初始的立基階段，尤其是新北市的29個行政區，起源於改制前臺北縣29個鄉鎮市的自治體。在改制之初29個行政區，除了在人口密度、土地面積上有相當大的差異之外，最主要的是地理環境的先天條件，使得29個行政區呈現不同的城鄉風貌。 新北市首要面臨的課題，就是進行29個行政區的重整工作，在過去臺北縣發展一鄉一特色的基礎上，各行政區原具有社區產業的發展條件，但在過去鄉鎮市自治時期，難免因為各自政治立場的不同而分立，形成政治地理，以致造成政府當局資源整合不易。再者，原有的行政區疆界雖因為都市開發，產生地域疆界不明的現況，但在過去鄉鎮市自治時代，行政區域調整容易引發藩籬割據的疑慮，所以新北市行政區歷經了40年未曾調整。 升格後的新北市在五都之中，是人口最多的直轄市，在區域經濟崛起及國際城市競爭的氛圍中，各直轄市無不致力發展各自潛能，期以提升國際能見度。然而城市發展首重基礎的建設，行政區劃是新北市行政資源分配的基礎，各行政區發展皆屬新北市政府全權統籌規劃，如何以最適的行政區劃調整藍圖，勾勒未來新北市發展的願景與區域發展特色，是市政府重要的課題。行政區劃調整工作需有妥善完整的規劃與配套，應考量民意的趨勢，要有一次劃定，革除行政區界劃定不明的決心。 本研究指出根據公共選擇理論，以及區域治理、公共服務及廣域行政的概念，新北市應以現有公務機關服務轄區分布現況、市議員及立委選舉區劃分、生活圈、歷史、地理環境等現況來研擬未來新北市行政區藍圖，並探索最適的行政區劃藍圖，供市政府做為行政區劃時的參考，更有助於新北市行政區劃調整共識的形成。 / A revolutionary change of local self-governance in Taiwan history has occurred since December 25, 2010; that is the formation of five municipalities. This formation broke President Ma Ying-Jeou’s policy of “three cities fifteen counties” raised in Presidential Election of 2008. However, to pre-reformed Taipei County, the formation made its reachless dream which had been pursued for thirty years realized. The formation also ended the long-term unfair treatment of being the second-grade citizens. Upgraded New Taipei City is running neck to neck with Taipei City in terms of local self-governance. Regarding the histories of the two, however, the former is still under the fundamental stage, especially the 29 administrative areas of New Taipei City, which used to be 29 regional municipalities of the townships of pre-reformed Taipei County. In the beginning of the reformation for the 29 administrative areas, it was the precondition of geography that made them have different countryside landscapes in addition to a big difference of population density and land area. The first lesson New Taipei City will undergo is the work of administrative area adjustment for the 29 administrative areas. Upon “one township one feature” policy on which pre-formed Taipei County had made an effort, each administrative area had its own strength of developing community industry. During the past self-governance period of the townships, nonetheless, it was inevitable to see the area separation due to political diversity. Political geography had thus occurred and made it more difficult for the government to make resource integration. Furthermore, although there was boundary ambiguity in the original boundaries of the administrative areas on account of urban development, to avoid the problem of opposition to the splittism against administrative area adjustment, the administrative areas of New Taipei City had not been adjusted for forty years during the past self-governance period of the townships. Upgraded New Taipei City is the one with the highest population among the five municipalities. Affected by the rise of regional economic and international urban competition, none of the municipalities slacks on developing its potential in an attempt to enhance its international visibility. With respect to urban development, infrastructure is firstly emphasized and administrative division is considered to be the fundamental work to New Taipei City when administrative resource allocation is being made. It is New Taipei City government that has full authority to make an overall plan of the development of each administrative area. Therefore, the question “how to sketch the forthcoming version of the development of New Taipei City and the features of regional development on the most appropriate blueprint of administrative division?” becomes an important issue to the city government. The work of administrative division adjustment needs to be well planned and go with corresponding measures. Public opinion should be taken into account and the determination of “once only” and eliminating boundary ambiguity is also required. This study points out that, based on public choice theory and the concepts of regional governance, public service and cooperative administration, New Taipei City should make a blueprint of forthcoming administrative areas according to the present distribution of the service districts under jurisdiction of official departments, the division of the constituencies of city councilors and legislative committees, living domains, histories, and geographical surroundings. Meanwhile, to provide as references for the city government to make administrative division, the most appropriate blueprint of administrative division needs to be sought. It also helps on coming to a mutual understanding of the administrative division adjustment for New Taipei City.

University of Macau / Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities / Department of Portuguese

University of Macau / Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities / Department of Government and Public Administration

University of Macau / Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities / Department of Government and Public Administration

University of Macau / Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities / Department of Government and Public Administration

二次大戰之後，東亞國家經濟快速發展，促使一些具策略位置的城市搖身一變成為重要的世界/全球城市，其中新加坡、香港、上海、台北及首爾等五個由南至北位居東亞重要位置的世界/全球城市，更進而積極鞏固或致力發展「區域金融中心」角色，由於這五個城市所擁有的優劣勢及利基未盡相同，以至於未來的發展態勢並不明朗。另方面「區域金融中心」的研究範疇是跨越了「城市和區域經濟」的空間領域與「貨幣和金融經濟」的金融領域，因此為了解新加坡、香港、上海、台北及首爾等五城市發展「區域金融中心」各自在空間與金融領域分別擁有的優劣勢及利基，本論文除蒐集空間及金融領域在資金流動、金融市場發展情形、金融業生產力及法制環境等方面的次級資料予以評比外，並透過專家學者深度訪談所提具對五城市優劣勢及利基的評比意見，進行內容分析。 研究發現空間及金融領域都強調「政府因素」以及政治穩定的重要，也一致認為「金融中心」必須要有「經濟力量」的支撐；不過空間領域認為世界/全球城市可由「政府力量」促成，而金融領域則認為「金融中心」係由「市場力量」所形塑，但是為使「市場力量」發揮運作機制，政府扮演最重要的角色。此外，受訪專家學者認為「金融中心」的評比指標，雖然有自由化、國際化程度、人才素質、基礎建設及金融市場效率等，但「政府因素」最具影響。最後，受訪專家學者一致認同香港發展「區域金融中心」最具優勢，新加坡次之；大體上同意台北第三，上海第三或第四，首爾居末。其中，最具爭議的台北及上海，都是由於「政府因素」而導致未來發展不明。此外，研究也發現五城市在發展「區域金融中心」的過程，由於各具不同優勢與利基，遂呈現不同的功能與特徵。 / Since the economy in East Asia has been flourishing remarkably after the World War II, few major cities in this region have undoubtedly become international and grow rapidly in the last few decades. Singapore, Hong Kong, Taipei, Shanghai and Seoul are the five leading cities in East Asia, located from south to north, in respect of their financial importance. Moreover, people in these cities eager to improve them to take the place as the leading regional financial center. It is but hard to estimate and compare each of them with the other, for each has both its advantages and disadvantages. In fact, the study on the concrete shape and future of the expected regional financial center must take into account not only the spatial field survey of city and local economy, but also that of the financial field concerning monetary and finance economy. That is, to bridge over the research of spatial and financial field as well as to understand the relative competitiveness among these cities to develop regional financial centers. In this regard, the study gathers information about the foreign direct investment of capital flows, the scope of financial market, the productivity of financial service industry as well as legal and regulatory environments in these cities on the one hand, and interview many experts to have their opinions on the issue on the other hand. The result of the study indicates that both the spatial and financial field survey emphasize the importance of governmental support and political stability, and prove consistency in the opinion about the supportive role of economic power in each financial center. However, the spatial field survey considers government-drive as the most relevant element of developing a global city as the regional financial centre, while that from financial field inclines to support market-drive as the key element and persuade government to keep the free-market policy. According to the analysis of expert interviews, there are many determinant elements for developing a regional financial centre, including financial liberalization, internationalization and human capital, fundamental infrastructure, efficiency of financial market and so on. They also indicate that local government plays a critical but most influential role. Meanwhile, all experts regard Hong Kong as the top one among these local financial centers, Singapore as the second, and most experts consider Taipei as the third and Shanghai as the third or the forth, while they all take Seoul as the last. Expert opinions about Taipei and Shanghai are ambiguous, so far as local governments in the two cities play the key role but fail to provide certainty in the future. Finally, it is without doubt that the five cities have their advantages and disadvantages to fulfill different functions.

城市化意味着城市的經濟結構、社會結構和空間結構變遷。隨着中國大陸城市化的推進，城市人口遷移、建成區面積增長，城市發展質量逐步提高，而同期內城市商品住宅價格亦呈現普遍而明顯的上漲趨勢。 過去雖有許多國內外文獻對全國城市商品住宅價格的影響因素進行了探討，但少有文獻從城市化的層面着眼進行研究；在部分集中討論城市化效應的文獻中，亦存在以省域代替城市作爲研究對象，以及採用橫截面數據進行實證研究，未能體現不同城市化和社會經濟發展階段之變動趨勢的缺憾。 有鑑於此，本文使用中國大陸2003年至2011年不同規模城市的相關追蹤資料，以“人口城市化”“土地城市化”和城市發展質量優化作爲城市化的主要體現，用從業人口、建設用地面積、房地產開發投資額等一系列指標作爲自變數構建追蹤資料固定效應模型，分析城市化對不同規模城市商品住宅價格的影響，探究中國大陸社會經濟重要發展來源的城市化能否繼續維持城市商品住宅市場的穩定。實證結果顯示，城市化發展對城市商品住宅價格上漲的貢獻明顯，而人口城市化的作用較之土地城市化更爲顯著；大城市和中小城市在城市化發展過程中商品住宅價格影響因素亦有所不同，城市發展中由政府主導的城市土地開發利用與基礎設施建設應集約化發展，土地城市化必須與人口城市化以及城市發展質量提升相互協調。 / Urbanization means changes of cities ‘economic structure, social structure and spatial structure. With the development of Chinese urbanization, the urban population and construction land area is growing, the urban development quality is improving gradually, in the same period city residential housing prices also presents common and obvious rising trend. In the past, although there were many domestic and external literature focusing on the influence factors of the national urban residential housing prices, but there were few literature based the study on the impact of urbanization; many of literatures in which the urbanization effect discussed, also taken provincial data as the research object instead of city , using cross-sectional data for empirical research, so failed to reflect changes in different stages of urbanization and social and economic development trend. In light of this, this article refer to mainland China from 2003 to 2011, 213 level panel data, related to "land urbanization" and "population urbanization" quality optimization as the main embodiment of urbanization, taking urban working population, construction land area, real estate investment and a series of indicators as independent variables to construct panel fixed effects model, in order to analyze the effect of urbanization on the urban residential property prices. We expect to explore whether if mainland China's urbanization, which is a source of important social and economic development of the nation, will continue to maintain the stability of the urban residential market. Empirical results indicates that the influence of urbanization on city residential housing price is evident, besides population urbanization plays a more important role than land urbanization. In the process of urbanization, the influential factors of residential housing price varying in metropolis and small cities, therefore development of urban land dominated by local government ought to realize intensification, and land urbanization should be coordinated with population urbanization and city development quality.