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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

金門一條根特產意象發展 / The Development of Specialty Image of I-Tiao-Gung(Glycine tomentella) of Kinmen County

許一勤 Unknown Date (has links)
金門縣志記載,金門位居海上,舊名浯洲,又有「仙洲」的美稱。金門於1949年起成為兩岸對峙的軍事戰地,所有人員進出金門島,都要受到嚴格軍事管制,除非勞軍或其他經軍方允許的活動,否則無法自由遷徙和進入金門,更遑論到金門觀光旅遊。   1970年代前,金門仍以蔓性千斤拔作為一條根藥材主要來源。儘管如此,金門的蔓性千斤拔由於戰後金門駐軍及居民廣泛挖掘使用之下消耗殆盡,故此之後便以闊葉大豆取代蔓性千斤拔作為一條根藥材之主要物種。進而衍生出以研究闊葉大豆為目的之產官學合作;以科學方式論證闊葉大豆在醫療用途的療效證明包括「一條根基原鑑定」、「一條根安全性及功效評估」等等研究;並進衍生出學界間許多對於闊葉大豆的研究。產官學合作更依闊葉大豆之療效研發適當栽種技術以及各項產品。至此,闊葉大豆成為金門一條根的代表物種。 金門一條根的特產意象在過往軍管時期的認知族群,主要僅止於金門駐軍與金門民眾之間。軍管時期,大軍駐紮在金門,當時由於金門的軍官長期居住在坑道以及堡壘之內,容易產生筋骨痠痛的症狀。來自中國各省份的國軍駐守到金門之後,發現金門當地的一條根,也就是中國所稱「千斤拔」。軍管時期駐紮金門的軍隊開始廣泛採集野生的金門一條根治療風濕關節痠痛,同時金門居民也逐漸瞭解到金門一條根這項物種的用途與辨認方式,一條根的採集與使用變得愈來愈廣泛。 在1992年開放觀光之後,「浯記」將金門在地特有的一條根品種闊葉大豆經由金門特產的形式,將金門在軍管時期駐軍與民眾使用一條根的文化以及歷史推廣至全國各地。在2001年開啟小三通以來,一條根業者如雨後春筍般成立,包含「香蜂」、「王大夫」、「太武山」、「金牌」、「實業社」等業者;金門一條根群落逐漸成形。 金門特產意象自從1992年開放觀光以後,藉由金門一條根特產意象的形塑過程改變過去的「金門三寶」高粱酒、貢糖、菜刀的特產意象,進而逐漸重塑為「金門三大農特產」高粱酒、貢糖、一條根的金門特產定位。
12

韓流與台灣人的韓國觀光團 / Korean wave and the group of traveling to Korea from Taiwan

方秋梨, Fang, Chiu-Li Unknown Date (has links)
中文摘要 本論文以台灣出發前往韓國的觀光團為對象,1998年為「韓流」的分界點,前後各十八年,分別為「韓流前」與「韓流後」二階段為時間軸來探討。從韓流前的觀光旅遊書,以及資深領隊與線控的深度訪談,到韓流後台灣旅行社出團的40個不同觀光行程,依照其中所安排的餐飲料理、觀光景點、購物種類這三大項,來分析在韓流前與韓流後的差異與其原因。除了行程中不同的觀光內容與價格取向等,並且檢視在韓國政府與民間團體的努力下,塑造出來的「文化韓國」,是否能讓台灣民眾以觀光的方式,可以認識真正的韓國文化精髓。 本論文正文共計四章十二節。前三章的第一節先歸納出韓國當地的餐飲、景點、物產的特色;第二節是比較台灣人觀光團在韓流前與韓流後,這三大項的異同;第三節則是觀察這三大項的轉變與探究其原因。第四章為台灣視野下的韓國,第一節是從當地不同區域所推出的觀光路線種類,來確認韓國透過觀光文化傳播想要達到的目的;第二節從台灣推出的赴韓觀光團來分析,經過旅行社篩選後的行程能在韓國有的真正體驗;第三節統整台灣人的觀光團所觀察到的韓國與韓國人想要呈現的意象。 赴韓觀光團的餐飲、景點與購物三大項安排,是台灣人以觀光為手段,碰觸到韓國文化最直接的方式。本論文指出其中不同的轉變,也發現韓流不只是觀光行程選擇上的重要因素,對於韓國意識與文化傳播的影響,更有其特殊存在的意義。 關鍵詞:韓流、韓國觀光、韓國餐飲、韓國景點、韓國購物、韓國意象。 / Abstract This paper is based on the tour group which travels to Korea from Taiwan. And 1998 as the "Korean wave" dividing point, which is eighteen years before and after the "Korean wave" and "Korean wave" as the time axis of the two stage.From the Korean Tourism books, as well as senior team leader and the depth of the interview, to the tour of 40 different tour itinerary of the travel agency from Taiwan, in accordance with the arrangements for food restaurant, tourist attractions, shopping category of these three items, to analyze the difference before and after the Korean wave and its causes. In addition to the different sightseeing content and price orientation in the trip, and view the "culture of Korea" created by the efforts of the Korean government and civil society , whether can let the people of Taiwan to sightseeing, can understand the true essence of Korean culture. The main body of this thesis consists of four chapters and twelve sections. The first section of the first three chapters first summed up the Korean local food, attractions, property characteristics; the second section is to compare the Taiwan people sightseeing group in the Korean before and after of the Korean wave, the similarities and differences between these three categories; the third section is to observe the changes of these three items and explore the reasons.The fourth chapter is Korea from the perspective of Taiwan, the first section is introduced from different regions of local sightseeing route type, to confirm the Korean cultural communication through sightseeing purpose; the second section from Taiwan to Korea launched a tour of the travel agency, after screening after stroke and some real experience in Korea; the third section system the Taiwan people sightseeing group observed by the Korean and Koreans want to render images. To the Korean tourist group of food, attractions and shopping arrangements for the three items, the people of Taiwan to sightseeing as a means of touching the most direct way of Korean culture. This paper points out the different changes, and found that the Korean wave is not only an important factor in the choice of tourism itinerary, but also has a special significance for the influence of Korean consciousness and cultural communication. Keyword:Korean wave、Korean tourism、Korean foods、Korean shopping、Korean attractions(Scenic spots)、Korean images。
13

應用於區域觀光產業之色彩意象化目的地推薦研究 / Color imagery for destination recommendation in regional tourism

楊淳雅, Yang, Chun Ya Unknown Date (has links)
本研究提出一創新的旅遊推薦服務系統,以意象模型作為旅客意象(包含自我意象和情感需求)、景點意象、以及中小企業所提供服務之意象在系統裡的一致性表達。以上所提及之利益關係人的意象會經由數個系統模組進行建立與管理,並演化以反映出意象擁有者在真實世界的狀態。除此之外,本系統為動態運行,強調旅遊產業裡各個利益關係人角色之間的互動關係。每當互動發生,相關意象模型會進行混合,演繹出額外的意象屬性,以進行意象模型之調整。另外,基於顏色與情緒可相互對應的相關研究,我們將色彩理論運用於意象媒合與意象混合模組之中,藉此為旅客推薦符合其情感需求的旅遊景點或服務。本研究所提出一系列基於意象衍伸的系統化方法,可被應用於各種不同的領域。我們相信本研究可以為其它領域之實務應用與學術探討帶來顯著的貢獻。 / This research presents a recommendation service system that considers the image as a uniform representation of tourist images (include self-image and emotional needs), destinations, and local SMEs. Images carried by each stakeholder roles are modeled and managed by several system modules, and they also evolve to reflect the real time situations of each entity. In addition, the system is dynamic in terms of its emphasis on the relationships among these roles. When interactions occur, image mixing will be conducted to derive extra image attributes for the adjustments of the images. Besides, since colors can be mapped onto emotions, we use colors to operate the image matching and mixing process to find good matches of destinations for the recommendation. This image related approach we proposed is domain-independent. We believe our method could contribute to other areas of practical applications and academic studies.
14

國家權力與空間建構─以陽明山地區為例(1895-1966) / State Power and Space Construction-As a case of YANG-MING-SHAN(1895-1966)

吳亮衡, Wu, Liang Heng Unknown Date (has links)
空間作為國家拓展權力的重要媒介,相當具有研究意義,不同政權對於同一個空間內所進行的諸項建設,則會反應出統治者的政治性目的。 陽明山,作為最靠近首都的自然環境區,在日治時期結束以前已經成為以休閒觀光為名、台灣總督府展示統治成果的重要地點,戰後在國民黨政府的建構下,陽明山成為黨國菁英進駐的空間,又在1950年代白團、美軍顧問團、革命實踐研究院以及1966年中山樓落成後,陽明山被塑造為「反共復國指揮司令臺」,也反映出戰後國民黨政府由「軍事反共」轉為「精神反共」的歷程。 本文以陽明山地區(包含士林、北投、陽明山)作為研究的空間範圍,將可突破過去研究者僅針對個別區域或是單一組織的侷限性。此外,以日治時期的臺灣總督府以及戰後的國民黨政府作為研究對象,檢視這兩個具有現代國家統治技術的政體是如何利用「空間建構」以及「空間意象」,來達到社會控制以及推展與國家權力相符合的意識形態。 本文將從「空間建構」以及「空間意象」的角度,檢視陽明山地區歷經跨政權的洗禮,究竟產生了哪一些可以「被看見」的改變,又如何透過宣傳、教育或是由國家權力刻意營造出來的氛圍,建構屬於「感覺上」的空間意象,企圖提供另一種國家統治地方的研究案例。
15

晚唐詩歌中黃昏意象研究

黃大松 Unknown Date (has links)
本論文主要在探討晚唐詩歌中黃昏的意象,結合著當時的時代背景與作者遭遇,對詩歌作一深入的剖析。本論文共分為六章,其內容依次摘要如下: 第一章 緒論:主在探討黃昏意象之源流、「意象」的意義、晚唐時代界定與前人研究成果,其中的意象源流從詩經時代開始探源,直到中唐為止,藉以明晰「黃昏」在詩中的本意與演變情形。而「意象」的意義則分為中西兩方面探討,後以最近人的研究為結論。至於前人研究成果則分成學位論文、專書與期刊論文三部份。最後再附以論文架構,以明整篇論文的探討主旨。 第二章 晚唐黃昏詩歌文獻考察:以《全唐詩》中所見的黃昏詩歌為依據,利用統計、量化的方式呈現出當時的寫作情形,進而將黃昏的用語一一分類、歸納成三大類、數小項,三大類即為「日照光芒」類、「時間指稱」類與「日暮景物」類,並以這三大類與數小項做為下面各章申論的依歸。 第三章 「日照光芒」類黃昏詩歌分析:以「日照光芒」類中的用詞為主,提出較為重要的「夕陽」、「落日」、「斜日」、「殘陽」等幾種意象詞語加以詳細分析,並配以當時政治、社會環境與作者身世背景,以明此類意象用語的特色。 第四章 「時間指稱」類黃昏詩歌分析:以「時間指稱」類中的用詞為主,其中最重要者如「黃昏」、「日暮」、「薄暮」、「暮」、「向晚」等,對於各個詞語在詩中的應用與其特色加以比較、分析,亦配以時代背景與詩人遭遇,以明詩作旨歸,並進而瞭解意象用語在詩中的作用與特色。 第五章 「日暮景物」類黃昏詩歌分析:以「日暮景物」類中的用詞為主,對於各個詞語在詩中的運用方式及其意涵,乃至各詞語的源流逐一探索。由與詞語的特性,將其分為六大類,並依著「天象」、「山色」、「水文」、「人文」與「動植物」等類相加以一一分析。由於此類詞語用法與第三、第四章不同,各個詞語各自獨立,故解析的方式亦與前兩章相異,但用意亦在於闡明晚唐詩歌中引用這類詞語的意義及其特質。 第六章 結論:提出本論文探究所得。 晚唐詩歌中黃昏意象研究 目 次 ………………………………………………………………………1 第一章 緒論 ……………………………………………………………1 一、 黃昏意象的源流 ……………………………………………… 1 二、 「意象」釋義 …………………………………………………13 三、 「晚唐時代」界定與近人關於意象的研究……………………19 四、 論文架構 ………………………………………………………21 第二章 晚唐黃昏詩歌之文獻考察 ………………………… 23 第一節 晚唐黃昏詩歌一覽表 ………………………………… 23 第二節 晚唐黃昏詩歌之統計與檢討 ……………………… 55 一、 作者與作品 ……………………………………………………55 二、 黃昏用詞統計 …………………………………………………56 第三章 「日照光芒」類黃昏詩歌分析 ………………… 69 第一節 「夕陽」的意象 ……………………………………… 69 一、 夕陽意象中的田園閒適之情 …………………………………71 二、 夕陽意象中的自身惆悵 ………………………………………75 三、 夕陽意象中的歷史、家國感懷 ………………………………77 第二節 「落日」的意象 …………………………………… 81 一、 落日意象中的一己之懷 ………………………………………82 二、 落日意象中的歷史、國家之思 ………………………………86 第三節 「斜日」、「殘陽」意象 ……………………………… 92 一、 斜日、殘陽意象中的詩人感懷 ………………………………94 二、 斜日、殘陽意象中的歷史、國家之念 ………………………99 第四章 「時間指稱」類黃昏詩歌分析 ………………… 109 第一節 「黃昏」意象 ………………………………………… 109 一、 黃昏意象中的閨情 ……………………………………… 110 二、 黃昏意象中的遣懷 ……………………………………… 114 三、 黃昏意象中的憂時 ……………………………………… 118 第二節 「日暮」意象 ………………………………………… 121 一、 日暮意象中的懷古 ……………………………………… 122 二、 日暮意象中的傷時 ……………………………………… 126 三、 日暮意象中的詠懷 ……………………………………… 130 第三節 「薄暮」、「暮」、「向晚」意象 ………………… 135 一、「薄暮」 ………………………………………………………135 二、「暮」 …………………………………………………………137 三、「向晚」 ………………………………………………………141 第五章 「日暮景物」類黃昏詩歌分析 ………………… 145 第一節 「日暮景物」中的「天象」 ……………………… 146 一、 暮靄 ……………………………………………………… 147 二、 暮雲 ……………………………………………………… 148 三、 暮雨 ……………………………………………………… 152 四、 暮天 ……………………………………………………… 155 第二節 「日暮景物」中的「山色」與「水文」 ……… 157 一、 暮山 ……………………………………………………… 158 二、 暮江 ……………………………………………………… 161 第三節 「日暮景物」中的「人文」與「動植物」 …… 166 一、 暮樓 ……………………………………………………… 167 二、 暮帆 ……………………………………………………… 168 三、 暮鐘、暮角 ……………………………………………… 169 四、 暮鴉、暮狖 ……………………………………………… 172 五、 暮蟬 ……………………………………………………… 175 第六章 結論 ………………………………………………………… 181 參考書目 ………………………………………………………… 185
16

組織隱喻之研究 / A Study of Organizational Metaphor

史雅玲, Shih, Yia Ling Unknown Date (has links)
「隱喻」可以說是組織分析或組織研究的一種工具,當我們說「組織就像是一部設計精密的機器」,那麼我們就會認為組織應該像機器那樣透過部門分工和嚴格管理來實現效率的目標;如果我們認為「組織就像是具有生命力的有機體」,那麼我們就會將注目的焦點放在組織與其環境間的互動關係;從組織理論的剖析當中,我們不難發現這些隱喻所移留的痕跡。   本文的研究目的為:1.探討隱喻的意義,理論內涵,隱喻對我們建構概念的作用。2.探討隱喻在組織研究中的正當性,隱喻對組織分析的作用,及如何將隱喻應用到組織研究,使其成為某種可行的研究途徑。3.剖析組織理論的隱喻內涵,隱喻對這些理論所產生的影響,並試做檢討評述。   總的來說,雖然還沒人直接稱「組織隱喻」,很少有人認真的探討隱喻和組織研究、組織理論的關係。而本文大膽的從隱喻的釋義、組織研究的方法論和組織理論的剖析三個角度來探討,庶幾為往後的組織隱喻研究提供一種初步的認識基礎。全文共分五章,計十萬餘字。主要的研究結論為:   壹、隱喻的意涵。在外觀上隱喻是一種類比,在效用上可補充直敘語言的不足;隱喻更是一種意義的轉化及認知的工具;無論是在形式或內涵上,均可涵蓋其他比喻語言。我們不該將隱喻貶抑成一種修辭的技巧或工具,也不應以此界定直敘語言和隱喻語言的從屬關係;因為兩者均為語言表述的核心。從語言建構實體的觀點以及語言發展的過程來看,「凡語言皆為隱喻」,而隱喻不僅是言說的必要工具,同時也是我們建構日常生活概念體系的基礎。   貳、隱喻和組織研究的關係。科學研究的過程也需要透過隱喻來想像和創造,隱喻的使用在組織研究中享有其正當性的地位。組織研究的根本即為一種「隱喻式的思維」:以熟悉已知的概念來幫助瞭解陌生未知的概念。質言之,組織理論豐富多元的觀點,實為研究者運用不同隱喻、透過不同隱喻來思維的具體結果。理論建構的過程需要反思關照其所本的假定(亦即典範),隱喻在其間即擔負起啟發思維的關鍵角色。故周全的組織研究過程,應當在「典範-隱喻-解謎」的邏輯下進行,而不是侷限於驗證程序或解謎方法。隱喻觀點的組織研究正可以幫助我們解讀組織現象的多重意義。   參、以隱喻為基底的組織理論風貌。本文分就機器隱喻、有機體隱喻和大腦隱喻,剖析這些隱喻對理論所產生的影響,並說明其所造成的限制。
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旅遊目的地意象、口碑與滿意度之關係研究-以宜蘭旅遊為例 / Relationship among Destination Image, Word of Mouth, and Satisfaction - A Case Study of Yilan

吳凱霆, NG HOI TING Unknown Date (has links)
本研究主要探討「旅遊目的地意象」、「口碑」與「滿意度」之關係。 「旅遊目的地意象」主要分為3種狀況:期待之旅遊目的地意象(體驗前之旅遊目的地意象)、實際體驗後之旅遊目的地意象,以及旅遊目的地意象之落差。 本研究也探討旅客對旅遊目的地之資訊收集方式及其可靠度,與體驗前之旅遊目的地意象、旅遊目的地意象之落差,和旅遊滿度的相關性。旅客資訊收集的方式,共分為:(1)傳統口碑傳播、(2)傳統媒體傳播、(3)電子口碑傳播、(4)電子媒體傳播四種。 旅遊目的地意象量表的內容由兩大部份組成,第一部份借用Florida(2012) 所提出的創意城市4T條件,發展出創意城市量表,本研究不在討論創意城市,而是借用4T的條件來衡量旅客對目的地的意象。第二部份則根據Pine II & Gilmore(1998) 體驗經濟的4大領域,作為另一個測量旅客對旅遊目的地意象的體驗知覺量表。分別跑出創意城市意象和體驗知覺意象兩個因素,前者的Cronbach’ s α值為.658,後者的Cronbach’ s α值為.881。 旅遊滿意度量表,包括整體滿意度、重遊意願、推薦意願和移居意願的內容,共7個題目,得出一個因素,Cronbach’ s α值為.790。 所有量表評分之方式皆採用 Likert 5點量表,從「非常不同意」、「不同意」「普通」、「同意」到「非常同意」,分別給予1至5分。 本研究的對象為宜蘭的旅客,於2013年6月2日,及6月9日,下午5時至晚上11時,在宜蘭縣羅東鎮之火車站及客運站發放問卷。總共收集208個有效樣本,25歲以下占74%;學生占73.6%;台北人占55%、宜蘭人占11%、台北及宜蘭以外地區占34%。 在旅客旅遊現況方面: 旅遊資訊收集方式之採用狀況(複選題),「電子媒體傳播」(96.2%)為最多,「傳統口碑傳播」(90.4%)第2多, 「傳統媒體傳播」(88.5%)為第三, 「電子口碑傳播」(81.7%)人數最少。採用百分比均超過81.7%,表示大部份旅客會同時採用多種旅遊資訊收集方式。 旅遊資訊收集方式之可靠程度,由高至低之排序為「傳統口碑傳播」(4.02)、 「電子口碑傳播」(3.35)「電子媒體傳播」(3.41)、「傳統媒體傳播」(3.18)。 實際體驗前,旅客期待之旅遊目的地意象,創意城市意象為3.426,旅客體驗意象為3.7139。 實際體驗後之旅遊目的地意象,創意城市整體印象為3.4875,旅客整體體驗為3.90064。 旅遊目的地意象之落差雖然很小(旅遊目的地意象之落差 = 體驗後之旅遊目的地意象-期待之旅遊目的地意象),但各項數值基本都有所提升,創意城市整體印象之落差為0.0615,旅客整體體驗之落差為0.1867,可見旅客實際體驗後之旅遊目的地意象皆比期待稍為好。 旅遊滿意度由7個題目構成整個量表,分數為3.8482,接近同意。細部分為三個構面來看,平衡分數依序為:(1)包括重遊意願的整體滿意度(4.1995),(2)推薦意願(平均分為3.881),(3)移居意願(3.0144)。從各構面的狀況,可見旅客對宜蘭的整體滿意度及重遊意願很高,也願意透過各種資料收集方式推薦宜蘭,但是移居宜蘭的意願只有普通。 在假設驗證方面: 1. 旅客對各類已收集之旅遊資訊的信任度與期待之旅遊目的地意象具有顯著的正相關,大部份假設成立。 2. 旅客期待之旅遊目的地意象與實際體驗後之旅遊目的地意象具有顯著的正相關,假設皆成立。 3. 旅客實際體驗後之旅遊目的地意象與旅遊滿意度具有顯著正相關,假設皆成立。 4. 旅客期待之旅遊目的地意象與旅遊滿意度具有顯著的正相關,假設皆成立。 5. 旅客對各類已收集之旅遊資訊的信任度與目的地意象之落差具有顯著的負相關,只有旅客對以電子媒體傳播方式收集之旅遊資訊信任度與目的地意象之落差(以旅客體驗角度) 具有顯著的負相關,假設成立。 6. 目的地意象之落差與旅遊滿意度具有顯著的相關,假設皆不成立。 7. 旅客對各類已收集之旅遊資訊的信任度與旅遊滿意度具有顯著的正相關,結果大部份假設成立。 / The major purpose of this research was to explore the relationship among Destination Image, Word-of-Mouth, and Satisfaction. Destination Image includes 3 situations: Expected Destination Image (期待之旅遊目的地意象), Destination Image After Visiting (實際之旅遊目的地意象), and Gap between Expected and Actual Destination Image (旅遊目的地意象之落差). This research also explored how travelers collect tourist information, including: (1) traditional word-of-mouth dissemination (傳統口碑傳播), (2) traditional advertising dissemination (傳統媒體傳播), (3) electronic word-of-mouth dissemination (電子口碑傳播), and (4) electronic advertising dissemination (電子媒體傳播). The Destination Image Scale is composed of two parts, which include the Traveler Experience Scale from Pine II & Gilmore (1998), and the concepts of Creative City Scale from Florida (2012). The reliability of the scales are .658 and .881. The Satisfaction Scale includes three parts: Total Satisfaction (including willingness to revisit) (整體滿意度和重遊意願), Willingness to Recommend (推薦意願) and Willingness to Migrate (移居意願). The reliability of the scales is .790. All measurement used a 5-point Likert-scale, from 5 (strongly agree) to 1 (strongly disagree). The subjects of this research were travelers to Yilan on June 2 and June 9, 2013, from 5pm to 11pm. 208 questionnaires were collected at bus stations and the train station in Luodong Township of Yilan County. 74% of respondents were under 25 years old; 73.6% were students; 55% were from Taipei, 11% from Yilan, and 34% from other cities. The current traveler information gathering situation: Regarding travelers collecting tourist information, most travelers use electronic advertising dissemination (96.2%), followed by traditional word-of-mouth dissemination (90.4%), traditional advertising dissemination, and finally electronic word-of-mouth dissemination (81.7%). With all four information collection rates above 80%, it is clear that travelers use more than one way to the gather tourist information. The degree of dependence for the methods of collecting information (旅遊資訊收集方式之可靠程度) from high to low is traditional word-of-mouth dissemination, (4.02), electronic word-of-mouth dissemination (3.35), electronic advertising dissemination (3.41), and finally traditional advertising dissemination (3.18). Before visiting the destination (Expected Destination Image) the overall image of a creative city (創意城市整體印象) was 3.426, and overall traveler experience (旅客整體體驗) was 3.7139. Regarding Destination Image After Visiting, the overall creative city image was 3.4875, and overall traveler experience was 3.90064. The Gap between Expected and Actual Destination Image (旅遊目的地意象之落差) was very low, but all evaluations showed an increase from pre- to post-visit. The same method of comparison showed that the gap between the overall image of creative city was 0.0615, and the gap between overall traveler experience is 0.1867. From this, we can see that for the se travelers, the reality was better than the expectation. The Satisfaction Scale included 3 items, from high to low, and Total Satisfaction included willingness to revisit (4.1995), willingness to recommend (3.881), and willingness to migrate (3.0144). Hypothesis testing: 1. Most correlations between the trustworthiness of collected information (旅客對各類已收集之旅遊資訊的信任度) and Expected Destination Image (期待之旅遊目的地意象) were significant and positive. 2. All correlations between Expected Destination Image (期待之旅遊目的地意象) and Destination Image After Visiting (實際之旅遊目的地意象) were significant and positive. 3. All correlations between Destination Image After Visiting (實際之旅遊目的地意象) and Satisfaction (旅遊滿意度) were significant and positive. 4. All correlations between Expected Destination Image (期待之旅遊目的地意象) and Satisfaction (旅遊滿意度) were significant and positive. 5. Only one hypothesis had a significant negative correlation between the trustworthiness of collected information (旅客對各類已收集之旅遊資訊的信任度) and Gap between Expected and Actual Destination Image (旅遊目的地意象之落差). 6. There was no significant correlation between Gap between Expected and Actual Destination Image (旅遊目的地意象之落差) and Satisfaction (旅遊滿意度). 7. Most correlations between the trustworthiness of collected information (旅客對各類已收集之旅遊資訊的信任度) and Satisfaction (旅遊滿意度) were significant and positive.
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唐人詠花詩研究

陳聖萌, Chen, Sheng-Meng Unknown Date (has links)
第一章:詠花詩的意義,起源,在唐代演進的過程,及分類方法。 第二章:牡丹詩;引言、唐人詠牡丹花詩之意象分析及綜論。 第三章:桃花詩;引言、唐人詠桃花詩之意象分析及綜論。 第四章:蓮花詩;引言、唐人詠蓮花詩之意象分析及綜論。 第五章:菊花詩;引言、唐人詠菊花詩之意象分析及綜論。 第六章:梅花詩;引言、唐人詠梅花詩之意象分析及綜論。 第七章:結語。
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東坡詩詞月意象研究

林聆慈 Unknown Date (has links)
蘇軾是我國文壇巨擘。無論詩、詞、書、畫、文章都有非凡的成就,卻一生生活在逮捕、屈辱、貶謫中,明月往往是他心靈寄託的對象、內心寫照。本論文以蘇軾描寫月亮意象的詩詞為文本,結合作品主題內容與作者的經歷進行分析比對,藉此討論蘇東坡的內心世界,及其月意象藝術成就。 第一章針對目前研究意象、月意象及東坡月意象的研究論文做一檢討,希望可做為深化論文的借鏡。並對「意象」一詞的來源、定義作一探討,作為以下論文論述的基礎。 第二章針對東坡背景作一簡介:第一節介紹東坡當時的時代大環境,分文化思潮及政治變革與黨爭兩方面介紹;第二節則針對東坡生平及創作與思想轉變做一介紹。 第三章以蘇軾描寫月亮意象的詩詞作品背景與內涵做交叉比對,分析歸納蘇軾詩詞作品的主要月意象,分為思鄉懷遠、人格表徵、賞心樂事、時間意識、生涯際遇與哲理思考幾個方面探討。 第四章則討論蘇軾詩詞作品的表現方式:第一節就其表述的方式,分為意象的直接傳達、意象的間接傳達、意象的繼起傳達三種方式分析;第二節則分析蘇軾詩詞作品中月的型態與意象主題的感發關係;第三節分析蘇軾詩詞作品中月與其他意象的組構;第四節分析蘇軾詩詞作品中月意象「詩中有畫」的技巧運用;第五節分析蘇軾詩詞作品中月意象的「反常合道」設計。 第五章將東坡對於傳統文化的承轉加以分析,分為四方面:陰陽文化、神話傳說、歷史情境、文學典故。希望藉此歸納出東坡詩詞月意象對中國傳統文化的承轉關係。 第六章為結論,將本論文在分析研究過程中的發現作一總結。
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桃的神話與文學原型研究

張史寶, Chang, Shi-Bao Unknown Date (has links)
在世界文學發展過程中,有一種顯而易見、又不容忽視的現象:即某一種典型意象,在不同主題的文學作品中反復出現;某一種表現手法,在不同時代的文學作品中被有意無意的再現。即使在一些經典性的文學作品中,深刻的思想、錯綜複雜的感情,總表現在有跡可循的模式或象徵符號中,成為人類深層的經驗圖式,隱含著超越時空的永恆價值。其實,這些主題早就存在於人類生活中甚至神話傳說,並成為文藝創作特別是文學意象和象徵的一個重要泉源。在中國文學作品中普遍可見的「桃」,就是這種象徵符號。它的花開在文學的莖脈中,它的果結在信仰的枝枒上,它的根更是深深扎進民俗的土壤□。它的繁衍,不僅是初民的食物來源之一,也是人們寄寓美好奇麗想像的對象;它的成長,不僅須經歷四時寒暑風雨,也經受了千年來變動不居的文化風暴。舉凡個人的愛情、婚姻、生子與壽夭,團體的禳災、辟邪、除禍與祝禱,這些眾所熟悉的象徵與作用,都是它一圈又一圈向外擴張、深深烙印在人類文化中的年輪。本研究即試圖從神話古籍以及中國少數民族創世傳說等神話材料著手,抽繹出初民在桃身上所寄託的無意識心理,並參驗相關文學作品為佐證,檢視桃意象在中國文學中的象徵文化意涵,以呈現其跨越時空持續存在的背後力量。 / In the development of world literature, there is one phenomenon that is apparent and cannot be ignored: certain typical imagery repeatedly appears in the literary works among various topics; certain way of expressing ideology has been intentionally or unintentionally re-used in the literary works at different times in the history. Even in some classic literary works, profound thoughts and intertwining and complicate emotions are always embedded in the traceable models or symbolic symbols. This approach has become an empirically mental imagery of humankind and implicitly carried the everlasting value that transcends time and space. In fact, these themes have long been existed in the lives of humankind even in the mythology and fables. They have also become very important sources of literary invention, especially in the literary imagery and symbolization. "Peach", commonly seen in Chinese literary works, is a symbol of this symbolization. It blooms on the stem of literature, is ripe on burgeon of belief, and deeply roots in the soil of folk customs. Its gradual increase in number is not only a source of food for ancient people, but also has become the object which people will relate their wishes and imagination to. Its growth not only needs to go through four seasons, cold, hot, wind and rain, but also it has to withstand the cultural storms that are constantly changing and unstable over thousands of years. These well-known symbolizations and effects such as personal affection, marriage, delivery, birthday and death, group's praying for eliminating catastrophe, driving off evils, avoiding disasters, and benison, are all its continuous extensions and they are deeply imprinted in the growth rings in the culture of humankind. This study attempts to start with studying the literature including mythological classic books and world creation legends among China's minority races to deduce the unconscious mentality associated with the peach that antiquity has put into. We will also use evidences in literary works as a supplemental proof and study the symbolic, cultural implication of peach imagery in Chinese literary works to reveal its continuously existent and sustaining strength behind that transcends time and space. Summaries of each chapter are as follows: Chapter 1, Introduction: Research Motivation, Scope and Methodologies It starts with the motivation and steps of this research. It also defines the research direction to help effectively accomplish the objectives of this research and provide a macroscopic view of this research. The method uses "Psychological Archetype" of Carl Gustav Jung (1875-1961) and "Literary Archetype" of Northrop Frye (1912-1991) as the base vision, and uses the literature as the primary research sources supplementing with the unearthed literature, i.e. a methodology of using multiple sources of evidences. By adopting this approach, we will identify and deduce the metaphorical role of "Peach Imagery" and explicate the profound meaning of "Peach Literature". Chapter 2, Primitive Thought and Plants Worshipping This chapter starts with the investigation of the thinking of antiquity's creation of ancient mythology to understand the principles of creating mythology and explicate the development of primitive thought (or myth thought). This will help capture the characteristics of primitive thought to facilitate the following research in the mythology and archetype. The "peach", the primary role in this research, is a holy tree second to hibiscus tree in China. Therefore, we will also investigate the consciousness of plants worshipping based on the views of ancient people's reliance on plants and the primitive thought of treating every thing to be a living being. At the same time, we zoom in the worshipping of holy trees in China to depict the origins of plant's holy and sacred imagery. Chapter 3, Deification and Mythology of Peach The creation of literary works is absolutely not an invention of any individual. Literary works should be studied in the context of entire scope of literature. The study in the literary history concludes that literature, as an organic entity, is rooted in the primitive culture: the model of initial literature must trace back to the religious ceremony, mythology and legend in ancient society. This chapter will mainly study the "peach" in the mythology. In Chinese mythology, though there is no mythology and legends centered around the peach, yet peach often shows up in activities or events associated with figures in the mythology and in some research as well. In this chapter, the author will base on a different angle of symbolization of symbols – use peach as the primary theme supplementing with figures in mythology or events – and use the method of reviewing mythology and archetype to re-investigate the mythological imagery of peach and to depict the cumulative and settling original imagery of peach in the mythology. Chapter 4, Displacement: Peach Imagery in the Poem and Literature Due to the attraction of Tao Yuanming's "Peach Blossom Shangri-la", the "arcadia" becomes the pronoun of Chinese Utopia and has displayed strong strength of life in Chinese culture. It also deeply influences the consciousness and conducts of Chinese scholars. Though the topic of this chapter is "Peach Imagery in the Poem and Literature", the discussion will focus on the article of "Peach Blossom Shangri-la", supplementing with the literature related to "Peach Blossom Shangri-la", and continue to adopt the method of reviewing mythology and archetype to explore and reveal its implicit, inhibitive, and profound meaning. Chapter 5, Displacement: Peach Imagery in Fable and Drama Based on the angle of archetype review, the clue to induce the law of literary development and evolution is the "displacement" of the archetype. The original mythology and literature will be displaced into a new literary genre along with the progressing of the development in the society. Therefore, after investigating the origins of peach and mythology, and the "arcadia" imagery, this chapter will use more literary works – mainly focusing on novels, dramas (for example, "Journal to the West", "Peach Blossom Fan"), and fables (for example, the story of Emperor Wu of Han China and the story of Liu、Ruan) to reveal peach's model of mythology and its consciousness of archetype in the literary works, as well as how does it stimulate the collective unconsciousness: concern toward life. Chapter 6, Conclusion: Archetype of Life After investigating the symbolic implication of peach from mythology to literature, this chapter will draw conclusions of this research – using the symbolic implication of peach to depict humankind's resisting mentality against death. Even until nowadays, we still can see various cultures of symbolization appearing in the folklore events that use peach imagery. The common mentality behind may be explained as that humankind's strong denial against death over many generations and the unchanging longing for eternal life.

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