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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
31

在競租行為下,動態區域成長模型之模擬

秦銘璟 Unknown Date (has links)
本文以CHEN(1992)動態區域成長模型為架構,將Wheaton(1979)競租函數的觀念,與土地開發者為土地市場喊價者的假設應用其上,傳統的一般均衡模型多以最適化方法解決,本文以競租方法推遵。在觀念上,競租方法與最適化方法實為一對偶關係,因此,本文模型與CHEN模型共同具備開放性的空間、動態的與向均衡趨近的特點。   本文第四章是以電腦模擬分析競租模型,模擬結果顯示廠商與家計單位由於競租與所需土地差距太大,立足點不同,無從比較。若從期初參數值的設定上使兩部門在地租出價上能相互競爭,則家計單位的土地需求佔所得份額比總合商品商出甚多時,家計單位的區位選擇多集中於中於中間地區;當視廠商為零售服務業,且生產量相對小時,若凈聚集經濟效果大於地租對就業機會的影響,廠商多設廠於中心區域。
32

以動態能力觀點探討本土藥廠轉型及創新之個案研究 / A case study on transformation and innovation of local pharmaceutical company in taiwan based on dynamic capabilities perspective

許長禮 Unknown Date (has links)
企業在運作的過程中,基於永續經營的概念,必須不斷追求進步。因此創新成為企業運作不可或缺。在現今競爭非常激烈,產品生命週期很短,變化速度極快的環境,我國製藥產業其創新的能力及動態的能力,即成為提昇競爭優勢及改善公司的經營績效最有效的利器之一。本研究採取個案研究,其研究結果如下: 一、本土藥廠在主從策略創新乃採取技術跟隨著國外藥廠的技術,著重於調適(而非創造)技術改變以降低製藥流程的風險及成本,培養出獨特能力;而組織流程創新適時調整組織架構及流程,使每位員工適時學習調整本身技能,以符合組織需要;在產品創新致力填補滿足客戶需求缺口,追求本身永續成長。 二、本土藥廠其組織管理程序,在轉型前的協調整合以欠缺水平溝通的定期主管會報、新產品開發會議等會議為主,轉型後包括策略聯盟進行協調整合;在學習部份,轉型前是被動、靜態,轉型後為知識型學習組織;在重整與轉變部份,轉變前面對環境變動,各部門抱持著事不關己的態度,轉變後定位為行銷導向藥品發展公司。 三、本土藥廠其企業專屬資產位置,在技術資產部份,轉型後聚焦在有利潤已開發成功之技術或產品;在互補資產部份,轉型前為具有技術合作能力,但對轉型方向受到技術的限制,轉型後包括研究發展、癌症科學發展事業及國際行銷能力;在企業商譽資產部份,轉型前沒有主力產品可以值得顧客及外界所稱道,轉型後其聲譽及品牌形象均良好。 四、本土藥廠其企業發展路徑,路徑相依部份,轉型過程依循過去模式進行;在技術機會部份,企業轉型過程中其核心技術影響企業的發展,但會適時調整。 / It is more urgent and important for Taiwan pharmaceutical companies to keep on improving innovation and dynamic capabilities to sustain growth , especially when they face more intense competitions , shorter-than-ever product life cycles, as well as more unpredictable environments . Based on case study method, the findings of the research are concluded as the following points. First, Taiwan pharmaceutical companies concentrated more on the technical improvements than developing new technology ,for lower risks and higher cost efficiency in adopting new pharmaceutical manufacturing process. Regarding the adjustments in the process of organization , they focused on the cultivation of the unique capabilities of employees , upgrading innovation to capture the demand of clients. Second, Taiwan pharmaceutical companies concentrated more on the coordination of the strategic alliance after transformation, than less efficient routine meetings for management and product development before transformation. They constructed the learning organization, in contrast to the previously passive and static patterns. They restructured organizations and positioned at the marketing-oriented pharmaceutical company after transformation, changing the indifferent culture among previous departments. Third , Taiwan pharmaceutical companies developed more profitable and proved products after corporate transformation. Regarding the management of complementary assets, they removed the potential projects restrained by technical issues and adjusted to R&D, cancer-related projects and developing global marketing capabilities. After transformation, the reputation ,goodwill and brand image turned out to grow higher , in contrast to the absence of core products before. Fourth, the roadmap of Taiwan pharmaceutical companies followed by the models in the past. As for the technical development, the core technology will influence the development of corporate transformation, but they would appropriately adjust it. Keywords:Dynamic Capabilities、Pharmaceutical Company、Corporate Transformation、Innovation
33

晚婚女性之擇偶偏好與婚姻態度 / Preference in spouse selection and marriage attitude of late-married females

李慧玲 Unknown Date (has links)
「婚姻」自古以來即為我國重要的傳統禮俗與人生大事,然而近年來隨著社會型態的轉變,生活型態與價值觀念丕變,晚婚或不婚成為人生規劃的另一種抉擇。由於晚婚、甚至不婚的人口急遽增加,在人口結構上已造成少子化、高齡化之現象,對於政治、經濟、社會以及勞動力等各個層面,亦隨之衍生出不同程度的問題,與國家未來的發展更是息息相關,因此該議題值得探究。本研究旨在探討晚婚女性目前的狀態,對於擇偶偏好及婚姻態度的認知、觀點,企圖瞭解形成晚婚的深層因素,並提出建議以供相關人員參考。   本研究採質性研究之深度訪談法。研究對象總數共計10人,均為30歲(含)以上且未曾有過法律婚約關係,且居住於台北市、新北市及桃園縣之女性。經分析訪談資料後,所得研究發現綜述如下:   一、普遍認為晚婚是現代社會的趨勢,女性在面臨求學進修、工     作發展與婚姻之生涯抉擇時,選擇把婚姻排在後面的順位。   二、生活與交友範圍狹隘,以及已逾適婚年齡則為目前主要面臨     的擇偶困境。   三、選擇婚配對象的首要條件為個人條件,其中涵括外貌、身體     特徵、人格特質等條件;其次依序為能力條件及情感取向。   四、在婚姻認知方面,傾向認為婚姻是人生必經的階段;就婚姻     感受方面,同時呈現正向與負向兩種截然不同的態度;在婚     姻意向方面,傾向於嚮往進入婚姻。另,父母為離婚狀態的     晚婚女性,其婚姻態度各面向均呈現負向的看法。   本研究根據研究發現,提出以下建議:   一、建議晚婚女性應積極參與活動,培養個人興趣,充實自我,     使生活有所變化,並拓展人際關係,增加認識異性的機會。   二、及早釐清自我的想法,積極規劃人生的道路,擇偶條件應以     務實的角度,適度調整自我的標準。   三、應建立正確的性別角色觀念,跳脫傳統加諸於女性的要求,     正視現代女性所扮演的多重角色。   四、建議社會應傳達正確的婚姻教育,重新確立婚姻的意義與功     能,以正向思考面對婚姻中值得學習之處。 / Marriage has since ever been an important traditional custom and a major life event in Chinese culture. However, with social transformation in recent years, life style and sense of value have been dramatically altered. Late marriage or non marriage becomes another option for life planning, causing rapid growth in late-married or non-married population as well as low birth rate and aging society in demographics. It also derives political, economic, social and manpower problems to different extents, which is closely related with national development. Therefore, the issue is worth researching and this study is to discuss current status of late-married females and to learn underlying factors in late marriage from their preference in spouse selection and cognition or perspective on marriage attitude. Suggestions are also proposed for reference of related personnel. In-depth interview of qualitative research is adopted in this study. Research subjects are 10 in total. All of them are females above 30 years old, have never been married by law definition and live in Taipei City, New Taipei City or Taoyuan County. After interview data are analyzed, findings discovered are summarized as follows: 1.It is commonly regarded that late marriage is the trend of modern society. Facing the choice between advanced studies, career development and marriage life, females place marriage to the last. 2.Life and friends are limited. Passing ideal marriage age is currently the major predicament in spouse selection. 3.The priority of spouse selection is personal criteria, including appearance, physical features and characteristics, followed by capabilities and emotional orientation. 4.In marriage cognition, marriage is considered a necessary path in life. In marriage experience, there are two sheerly different attitudes – positive and negative views both appear. In inclination to marriage, it is prone to stepping into marriage. On the other hand, late-married females whose parents are divorced have negative perspectives on every attitude towards marriage . Suggestions based on findings discovered are proposed in the following: 1.It is advised that late-married females should avidly participate in activities, develop interests and fulfil selves to make changes in life as well as expand personal relationship to increase chance of meeting male counterparts. 2.Clarify self ideas at an earlier date and constructively plan life paths. Criteria for spouse selection should be based on a practical perspective and personal standard should be appropriately adjusted.  3.Concept of gender role should be correctly established. Multiple roles played by modern females should be respected with traditional requirement imposed on women lifted. 4.It is advised that the society should convey proper marriage education and reassure the value and function of marriage to have a positive view on what is worth learning in marriage.
34

入浴が高齢者の循環動態に及ぼす影響

水谷, 智恵美, 白石, 成明, 美和, 千尋, 出口, 晃, 杉村, 公也, 川村, 陽一 20 April 2000 (has links)
(健康増進)
35

217. ヒト上腕二頭筋長頭腱の中心には筋線維が存在する

河上, 敬介, 兼松, 美紀, 辻井, 洋一郎, 講武, 芳英 01 April 1994 (has links)
No description available.
36

265. ヒト上腕二頭筋長頭は放射状の筋である

兼松, 美紀, 河上, 敬介, 辻井, 洋一郎 20 April 1995 (has links)
No description available.
37

ヒト骨格筋の肉眼解剖学的研究

河上, 敬介, 柴田, 恵, 兼松, 美紀, 辻井, 洋一郎 30 November 1996 (has links)
(理学療法士による基礎研究)
38

專利藥到期後之策略探討:以美商在台子公司為例 / A Study on the Business Strategy of the Expiration Issue in the Pharmaceutical Industry—Giving A Case Study on a Foreign Subsidiary in Taiwan

許家鳳 Unknown Date (has links)
全球藥品市場持續成長,然而我們卻看到其成長腳步漸趨緩慢,其中的一個因素乃各家藥廠暢銷藥品(Blockbuster)陸續專利到期所致,因此本研究將專利藥到期視為一環境前提之改變,以司徒達賢(2005)的策略形態分析法,分析個案公司在專利藥品到期以前之策略形態及其組織結構之搭配,也就是瞭解其何以成功之策略以及背後之環境前提與條件前提,接著分析專利藥到期對於個案公司之衝擊與影響,最後探討個案公司採取怎樣的策略、背後之環境前提、如何調整組織結構及功能政策。
39

事業單位員工對勞務委外認知與態度之探討-以某電信公司為例

賴茹婷 Unknown Date (has links)
英國柴爾契政府於1979年開始推動公營事業民營化政策後,全世界便吹起一股民營化風潮,除民營化、BOT之外,勞務委外也是其中重要的手段之一。該事業單位面對面臨市場開放及民營化雙重衝擊,在加上新科技與新業務不斷推陳出新,新業者激烈競爭、人員老化、人力不足及業務量增加等現象外,面對成本上的競爭及微利的時代,在充滿不確定的投資環境之下,事業單位為了保持競爭優勢及確保永續經營的生存目標,必須擁有更加彈性的人力資源運用策略,「勞務委外」即為使用之方式之ㄧ,但面對這些未來人力的進駐,對事業單位內或外所產生之正負面影響亦不容小覷。 故本研究以事業單位內之正職員工之角度,對事業單位運用勞務委外之認知與態度做一基本了解,並深入探討正職員工對勞務委外之認知與態度間之相關與可能產生之影響,提出相關事項之假設,經文獻探討與問卷調查統計進行研究,最後得出分析結果與結論。
40

全球化轉型下的策略佈局--某包材台商之案例分析 / The Strategic Deployment under the Globalization Transformation--A Case Analysis on a Taiwanese Packaging Materials Firm

李芝韻, Lee,Tze Yun Unknown Date (has links)
經過數十年,中國經營環境已經丕變,世界工廠轉變為世界市場。從2004年開始大陸一連串的稅制改革,勞動合同與社會保險法頒布,到2011年『十二五計畫』,影響層面:稅收嚴加徵管、外資優惠取消、產業轉型升級、人工成本飆漲、缺工、再加上金融海嘯,歐債危機衝擊等。經濟全球化與動態競爭,帶來效率提升社會的同時也增加了國家風險的多元化。 中國近年來提出了許多新政策,許多的台商陷入苦戰「面對中國經營風險-轉型與退場」。台商外部面臨幾項經營問題:(1)舊經營模式已深陷挑戰-政策風險:中國重要城市都在實行『騰籠換鳥』與『築巢引鳳』的兩個政策;(2)稅務風險;(3)經營風險;(4)資金問題:台商一切靠自己,政府產業政策、金融機構,融資管道狹隘;(5)家族企業經營瓶頸:永續、接班問題;與(6)如何由家族企業轉型為專業經理人的公司治理。 本個案公司在2004年,最初由於金融機構融資效率問題,所引發一連串的經營者對外觀環境變化及競爭者覬覦的警覺,而希望藉助外力(顧問諮詢)協助,透過組織內部變革改造,應對策略布局及戰術的運用,以及它是如何運用組織變革方式,解決公司治理問題。如何掌握產業演變,選擇適當因應策略,透過變革和創新的策略,使企業保有核心能力產業,永續經營。本個案以實務面分析從化妝品及包材產業概況與個案背景及問題現況說明,並進一步剖析-成長戰略(行業、地域、客戶順序、價值鏈)及組織變革方式、新公司治理,有目標才有策略、戰術等,逐一分析。 而選擇合適的策略為何這麼困難?因為產業形態迥異、外部環境動態競爭變化,導致衝擊不同、策略決策影響管理團隊的價值和優先順序。 根據麥可‧波特(Michael Porter)對於策略的詮釋:1.策略在創造企業獨特且有價值的定位。2.策略是選擇什麼不要做。3.策略是結合外部機會與內部能力的獨特流程和活動。所以,策略是選擇和配適(fit) ,選擇和配適凸顯管理決策重要的觀念-權變性(contingency)。這是一個實務與理論結合印證的案例。

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