本論は、1970年代から2000年代のアメリカのテレビドラマにおけるアジア系女性の表象を分析したものである。作中でアジア系女性が築く他の人物との関係性に焦点を当て、その変遷を各時代背景とともに論じた。70年代のアジア系女性は、既存の体制を維持、強化する関係性を築いていたが、2000年代にはアジアに対する抑圧の片鱗が見られつつも、アジア系女性が主体性を発揮できる関係を構築していた。終章では、こうした表象の変遷に影響を及ぼした一つの要因として、メディア表象の改善を求めるアジア系活動団体の歴史について考察している。 / This dissertation examines how US television series represented Asian women from the 1970s to the 2000s. By focusing on the relationships of Asian women with other characters, it analyzes why representational transitions occurred in relation to the socio-cultural context of each program. In the 1970s, Asian women's relationship with other characters reflected and even seemed to support the existing social hegemonic structure. In the 2000s, “Asian” roles remained underprivileged, but they demonstrated more autonomy in their relationships with others. In the last chapter, I introduce the history of Asian American media organizations, one of the factors that brought about these transitions over the years. / 博士(メディア学) / Doctor of Philosophy in Media Studies / 同志社大学 / Doshisha University

国境衝突事件において、そこで用いられる"use of force"が法執行活動の実力行使なのか、国連憲章2条4項の意味における武力の行使なのかに注目し、その接際部付近にある判例及び国家実行を分析した論文である。 / The principal aim of this thesis is that while noting they should distinguish ones of LAW ENFORCEMENT and ones of THE USE OF FORCE REFERED TO THE UN CHARTER to use a "use of force" in frontier incidents, it is to analysis jurisprudence and state practices near the connection between the two concepts. / 博士(法学) / Doctor of Laws / 同志社大学 / Doshisha University

活動性拒食症(ABA)とは、食事時間の制限と過剰なランニングによって引き起こされる摂食障害である。本論文では、ABAモデルラットが示す摂食障害に、脳の孤束核がどう関わっているかを検証した。第一実験は、筆者の立てた仮説に基づき、オピオイドの役割が中枢性か末梢性かについて、孤束核にナロキソンを直接投与し、その影響を調べた。第二実験では、第一実験の結果を踏まえ、ABAラットの孤束核を破壊し、その影響を調べた。 / Active anorexia (ABA) is an eating disorder caused by restricted meal times and excessive running. This study examined the involvement of the nucleus of the solitary tract (NST) of the brain in ABA model rats. In the first experiment, based on the hypothesis previously formulated by the author, naloxone was microinjected into the NST. This was to determine whether the opioid worked in the central or peripheral mechanisms. In the second experiment, based on the results of the first experiment, the NSTs of rats were lesioned and the effects were examined. / 博士(理学) / Doctor of Philosophy in Science / 同志社大学 / Doshisha University

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(文学) / 甲第17803号 / 文博第624号 / 新制||文||594(附属図書館) / 30618 / 京都大学大学院文学研究科思想文化学専攻 / (主査)教授 吉岡 洋, 教授 根立 研介, 教授 篠原 資明 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Letters / Kyoto University / DFAM

京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(人間・環境学) / 甲第24852号 / 人博第1088号 / 新制||人||254(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院人間・環境学研究科共生文明学専攻 / (主査)教授 森口, 由香, 准教授 齋藤, 嘉臣, 准教授 見平, 典, 教授 小野沢, 透 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Human and Environmental Studies / Kyoto University / DGAM

京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(人間・環境学) / 甲第24250号 / 人博第1055号 / 新制||人||247(附属図書館) / 2022||人博||1055(吉田南総合図書館) / 京都大学大学院人間・環境学研究科共生文明学専攻 / (主査)教授 道坂 昭廣, 教授 太田 出, 准教授 小野寺 史郎, 教授 富澤 芳亜 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Human and Environmental Studies / Kyoto University / DGAM

京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(文学) / 甲第25033号 / 文博第938号 / 新制||文||739(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院文学研究科歴史文化学専攻 / (主査)教授 下垣 仁志, 教授 吉井 秀夫, 准教授 千葉 豊, 教授 冨井 眞 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Agricultural Science / Kyoto University / DGAM

租稅協定不僅協調各國間稅收關係並妥善劃分課稅管轄權，進而降低企業全球化經營下所面臨的租稅課徵不確定性。然而國外文獻關於租稅協定對直接投資或海外關係企業活動之成效仍有諸多爭議，且國內仍未有利用長期性個體資料來檢視租稅協定效果的研究，因此本文以 2000 年至 2013年台灣上市公司之海外關係企業的財務資料進行分析。另外，因近年各國日益重視反避稅措施與跨國間稅收的徵管合作，故本文也進一步探討利益限制條款和資訊交換的嚴謹程度對於海外關係企業營運活動之影響。 本文建構三個固定效果模型來分析不平衡追蹤資料，其中模型一分析租稅協定對於海外關係企業營運活動的影響，而模型二檢視利益限制條款是否為其中的重要因素，模型三則分析資訊交換條款的嚴格程度是否影響海外關係企業的營運規模。實證結果顯示不論是租稅協定本身、利益限制或是資訊交換皆為影響台灣上市公司海外關係企業營運活動之重要關鍵。租稅協定的生效不僅造成海外關係企業的銷售額下降，並隨著資訊交換規範越嚴格，其下降的幅度越大。最後，在細分不同產業的條件下，得歸納出租稅協定帶來的效果並不一致之結論。

近來，由於詐領人壽保險死亡保險金之情況甚為嚴重，使得政府及保險人不得不對人壽保險人免責事由之規範加以留意。而此亦為本文撰寫靈感來源。 故本文乃試從保險法及保險學之角度，對人壽保險人免責事由之意義及內容加以界定，進而於提出各國立法例後，探究目前我國人壽保險人之法定免責事由，並以人壽保險單示範條款為意定免責事由之中心，探究相關之法令規定。 對於人壽保險人免責事由之主要問題乃出自保險法第一百零九條及第一百二十一條，雖現行人壽保險單示範條款第十四條之規定亦源自於此二法條而來。然而，對於其中之爭議點，人壽保險單示範條款仍未加以解決。此外，本文亦兼論有關戰爭、內亂及其他類似的武裝變亂和核子反應造成之損害，保險人是否得以免責。 最後，對於前述之問題，本文建議除了從我國保險法第一百零九條、一百二十一條、第三十二條之內容加以修正之外，亦可從保險犯罪防制中心之成立，進行危險控制之工作。 / Defrauding death benefits of life insurance has become more and more serious recently, so the government and insurers must keep their eyes open about the liability exception of life insurers. This is also the inspiration source of this essay. This essay tries to describe the definition and contexts of the liability exception of life insurers from the insurance law and insurance theories points of view. After bringing the cases and laws in different countries forward, the writer will proceed to the next step: to investigate into the statutory liability exception of life insurers; and then, to center on Model Provisions of Life Insurance Policy, studying the related regulations about the exceptions or exclusions of life policy. The main issues of the liability exception of the life insurers arise from Sections 109 and 121 of the Insurance Law of R. O. C.. Although the Model Provisions of Life Insurance Policy S.14 also came from these rules, the main issues still remain unsolved. Moreover, this essay will also discuss about whether or not the insurers should be liable for the insurance events caused by the wars, civil strifes, other armed forces and nuclear reaction. Finally, this essay suggests amending the Insurance Law of R.O.C., S.109, 121, and 32 to solve the issues mentioned above as well as establishing the Crime Prevention Center of Insurance Institute to carry out the work of risk control.

本研究藉由測量制約場地偏好行為及制約活動量兩種制約反應，透過制約期及後測期對藥物配對刺激之操弄，探討制約刺激與酬賞性藥物配對之歷程及其相關之神經機制。本文所使用的為低劑量(1.5 mg/kg)之安非他命，採腹腔注射方式給藥。實驗一探討後測日呈現不同的藥物配對刺激組合對兩種制約反應之影響效果，實驗結果發現受試只對與藥物配對過的兩個以上元素刺激同時出現才能引發受試表現制約場地偏好，且受試對複合刺激的活動量皆顯著高於對單一元素刺激的活動量。實驗二在制約期分別將視覺刺激與觸覺刺激與藥物配對，後測期於藥物配對箱單獨呈現視覺刺激或兩者所組成的複合刺激，測量受試兩種制約反應。實驗結果發現視覺刺激與複合刺激皆能引發制約場地偏好，受試對複合刺激的活動量亦高於對視覺刺激的活動量。實驗三則是於制約前分別破壞受試之杏仁核、背側海馬或腹側海馬，並進行實驗二之制約實驗程序。結果發現破壞杏仁核顯著的減抑單一元素刺激所引發之制約場地偏好，但不影響複合刺激引發之制約場地偏好。破壞背側海馬及腹側海馬減抑複合刺激引發之制約場地偏好。但在制約活動量表現方面，這三個腦組織均未獲得較一致性的結果。總而言之，本研究得到制約刺激之連結強度確實可以透過制約場地偏好及制約活動量反映出差異，且結果支持Rescorla-Wagner元素理論對制約刺激與非制約刺激配對歷程之假設。由破壞杏仁核及海馬對受試表現制約場地偏好造成不等程度之影響，可見杏仁核與海馬所參與以藥物配對的制約之行為功能不同。 關鍵字：心理藥物學，安非他命，制約場地偏好，制約活動，元素理論，整體理論，大白鼠 / By measuring of conditioned place preference (CPP) and conditioned locomotion, the present study manipulated various patterns of environment by composing three different contextual stimuli in the test chamber during different stages of conditioning to investigate behavioral processing and neural mechanisms underlying the association of conditioned stimulus and psychoactive drug. A relatively low dose of amphetamine (1.5 mg/kg) administered via intraperitoneal route was conducted as drug treatment throughout the study. In Experiment 1, the effects of CPP and conditioned locomotion were evaluated as different patterns of contextual stimuli composed in the test chamber presented during post-conditioning stage. The results showed CPP was significantly induced in the environment with context stimuli composed by at least two elements. And, the magnitude of conditioned locomotion induced by compound stimulus was higher than that induced by a single elemental stimulus. In Experiment 2, the effects of CPP and conditioned locomotion induced by a two-element compound stimulus were evaluated in the subjects received the drug pairing with both of each element stimulus in separate during the conditioning stage. The CPP was reliable induced by that compound stimulus. Although such CPP effect could also induced by an elemental stimulus specifically regarding to visual modality, it was not true for the other elemental stimulus manipulated on tactual modality. In Experiment 3, behavioral effects tested on the procedures of Experiment 2 were re-evaluated in the subjects received neurotoxic lesions in the amygdala, the dorsal hippocampus, or the ventral hippocampus before conditioning. While amygdaloid lesion significantly attenuated the CPP induced by elemental stimulus, such lesion did not inhibit the CPP induced by the compound stimulus. Lesions on those two hippocampal subareas disrupted the formation of CPP induced by compound stimulus. Regarding the conditioned locomotion, in contrast to what found on CPP, lesion treatment did not produce reliable effect induced by compound stimulus or elemental stimulus. In conclusion, the present findings on two conditioned responses measured support the assumption of Rescorla-Wagner Model on elemental theory. The lesion data indicate that amygdala and hippocampus are differentially involved in conditioned responses induced by psychoactive drug. Key words: psychopharmacology, amphetamine, conditioned place preference, conditioned locomotion, elemental theory, configural theory, rat.