• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 168
  • 156
  • 57
  • 12
  • 11
  • 3
  • Tagged with
  • 239
  • 239
  • 44
  • 41
  • 39
  • 39
  • 38
  • 36
  • 35
  • 32
  • 32
  • 31
  • 29
  • 29
  • 26
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
191

台灣會展產業永續性之挑戰- 以ISO 20121為解決方案 / The Challenges of the Sustainability in the MICE Industry in Taiwan - Using ISO 20121 as the Solution

賴柏宏 Unknown Date (has links)
會展產業(又稱MICE)具有整合多方資源的特性,能為當地帶來可觀的經濟效益,因此有火車頭產業之稱。但近年來研究發現MICE對經濟、環境社會帶來許多負面衝擊,應該進行永續發展以降低風險。2012年,倫敦奧運採用國際標準ISO 20121永續活動管理系統後,國際上廣泛地討論該標準的發展可能改變MICE既有的商業模式,更能落實永續發展。 本研究問題為「台灣MICE產業如何透過使用ISO20121發展其永續活動?」本研究認為,MICE使用ISO20121之過程應該要瞭解到相關利害關係人之觀點,才能夠深入瞭解企業使用ISO 20121的決策因素。本研究以「經營需求」、「競爭需求」、「發展需求」三個觀點進行分析,發現目前台灣MICE因為缺乏完整發展的綠色供應鏈而對標準使用造成了阻礙。本研究建議,為了使MICE能夠發展永續活動管理,政府與企業領導人應該與「多方共同合作培養成功案例」、「提倡MICE的合法性」、「發展綠色供應鏈」、「提供獎勵誘因」等方式增強市場對於永續需求的強烈信號。 / With the integrated features of multiple resources, event industry (also known as MICE) could bring considerable economic benefits for the local economy. However, recent studies have found that MICE can also cause negative impacts on economic, social and environmental aspects. To reduce the risk, MICE industry should address the sustainable development as a solution. After adopting by the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympics Games, ISO 20121, the standard of sustainable event management, have been extensively discussed in global society, which was considered to change the existing business model in MICE industry. This study aims to answer research question, “how can ISO 20121 benefit the MICE industry in Taiwan to develop sustainable event service?” This research finds out identifying differnet perspectives of stakeholders clearly is crucial so as to understand the decision factors that affect the use of ISO 20121. By examining “business needs”, “completion needs” and “development needs” perspectives, this study discovers that the lack of well-established green supply chain can hold back the sustainable development in the MICE industry in Taiwan. In order to develop the sustainable event service in MICE industry, this study suggests that the government and business leaders should cooperate with different sectors to create successful case study, advocate the legality, establish green supply chain and provide incentives as strong signal to stimulate the demand of sustainability in MICE market.
192

我國工會會務假制度問題之探討 / A Study of Time off for Trade Union Duties and Activities

陳偉凡 Unknown Date (has links)
所謂工會,係一種由勞動者為勞動條件之維持與改善,以及經濟地位向上之目的,依民主原則所組織的永久性團體。為了達到這個目的,工會必須發揮組織的功能,並依賴其成員來執行組織的各種事務。不過,由於我國多數工會是以廠場為主要的組織範圍,在保有勞雇關係方得成為廠場工會會員的條件下,當工會需要於正常工作時間來運作時,即需要讓工會會員於工作時間內請假來執行會務,或者由工會自行聘僱專職會務人員來處理會務。然而,我國尚有中小企業林立的特殊環境,故廠場工會多不具規模,且經費嚴重不足,難以聘僱專職會務人員來處理會務。也因此,我國工會組織需要特別的制度來保障其存續與發展,而所謂的會務假制度,正是用來協助工會組織達到前述目的之工具,特別是對以廠場工會為主要組織範圍的我國而言,更為重要。目前我國的會務假制度,規定在工會法第36條中,其規範內涵為,工會有於工作時間內執行會務的需求時,由工會與雇主約定相關事宜,並由工會的代表作為執行者,於工作時間內向雇主請假執行工會事務。而我國現階段的會務假,多以「公假」的形式為主要模式,且實務上會務假制度確實廣為我國工會組織所用,甚至發展出所謂的「全日駐會」模式。 然而,會務假制度雖對於工會組織的存續與發展有所幫助,我國以「公假」為主的執行方式卻會讓會務假制度產生侵害工會自主性的疑慮。蓋因會務假到底係基於何種立法政策或理由,讓本質上與工會對立之資方,必須依法給付工會幹部在工作期間內辦理工會事務與從事工會活動之薪資,不無疑義。尤其當勞資關係進入緊張時期,因會務假終究必須向雇主申請,此時的該制度的主導權即容易掌握於資方手中,並藉此介入工會的內部事務,動搖工會的自主性。故本研究的核心,在於探討會務假這種看似方便,卻在論理基礎上存有瑕疵的制度,所可能衍生的各種問題,以及尋求解決之道。 因此,本文先從會務假的起源,以及司法、裁決、行政機關發展出的實務見解進行研究,抓出會務假制度的主要核心問題。再從工會活動權的本質進入討論,並認為會務假制度應作為工會活動權之一部分而受到保護。其後,針對會務假的執行形式進行檢討,並釐清工會活動權利與雇主經營管理權利的界限。最後,以外國法制與經驗為借鏡,並輔以實務訪查我國會務假的執行概況,點出現行制度下我國制度得以改善的空間,並指出我國會務假法制未來得以進行修正的方向,來確保工會組織的自主性。故本文結合我國法制,外國法制與經驗,以及實務面作的訪查結果綜合分析後,最後分別從我國法制層面與工會經營策略層面提出相關建議。
193

一個國中補習班作文教學活動設計個案的探討 / An Investigation of Lesson Plans and Activities in Teaching: A course of Chinese writing for junior high students in a learning center

蔣宥萱 Unknown Date (has links)
本研究採用「個案研究法」,以一個國中補習班之作文班的七年級生為研究對象,進行作文教學活動的設計與實施結果的成效探討。 本研究的作文教學活動設計,係將學生區分成高、中、低三個學習成就區塊,根據不同的學習能力,設計不同的教學活動,並運用「合作學習」模式進行教學。教學實施後,分別從「學生作品」、「觀察紀錄」、「問卷調查」及「訪談紀錄」四個面向進行探討,分析教學活動的設計與實施成效。 第一章〈緒論〉,總述研究動機與目的、研究範圍與限制、研究方法與步驟,以及文獻探討。 第二章〈高成就學生之作文教學活動設計〉,從高成就學生的起點行為分析開始,以「創造思考教學」為設計主軸,訓練其「發散思維能力」與「想像力」,並結合「續寫作文題型」練習,最後再進行教學實施的成效探討。 第三章〈中成就學生之作文教學活動設計〉,從中成就學生的起點行為分析開始,以「情境作文教學」為設計主軸,訓練其「觀察力」與「感受力」,並結合「擴寫作文題型」練習,最後再進行教學實施的成效探討。 第四章〈低成就學生之作文教學活動設計〉,從低成就學生的起點行為分析開始,以「材料作文教學」為設計主軸,訓練其「記憶力」與「聯想力」,並結合「仿寫作文題型」練習,最後再進行教學實施的成效探討。 第五章〈結論與建議〉,第一節先說明教學活動設計與探討的總結論,第二節與第三節分別提出對教學活動設計與補教機構的建議,第四節則是表達對中學語文教師的期盼。 總體而言,根據學生不同的學習能力與需求,設定相符的教學目標與教學活動,不僅能激發更多的學習潛力,也能逐步培養寫作興趣與提升寫作能力。
194

夜裡的魔境魔鏡:青少年夜晚家外活動的自我形塑歷程探究 / Examine the course of self-development for adolescents involving in evening activities in the community

李筱涵, Lee, Hsiao Han Unknown Date (has links)
本研究試圖從青少年的視角,透過詮釋現象學方法論觀點來認識三位青少年夜晚家外的活動經驗、活動歷程的轉變、對活動經驗所賦予的意義,以及在夜晚家外活動中,所覺察到的自身角色定位與自我的意義。藉由深度訪談的方式蒐集分析文本,資料分析方法上則使用主題分析法呈現三位青少年夜晚家外活動與自我形塑的歷程。 三位青少年夜晚家外自我形塑的歷程故事,呈現了「青少年」不是只有單一的樣貌。隨著每一位青少年不同的個人特質與喜好,再加上生活情境脈絡的差異,在與不同的人事物互動當中,形塑了每一個人不同的經歷與角色形象,展現了不同的「自我」。「自我」的意義存在於每一個人的行動當中,是個人與環境互動過程而產生的,因此青少年夜晚的家外行動,一部份展現其生活環境的區域特性,另一方面,也展現了個人的主體性,在看似相同的活動當中,卻有一些不同的行動,以及行動背後所隱藏著不同的意義脈絡。所以如同我和三位青少年,四個人,就有四種夜晚的故事,而一千零一個青少年,就會有一千零一夜的故事。 最後根據本研究之結果,研究者於文末針對家庭、學校、青少年相關政策、青少年外展工作提出了相關建議與省思。 / Using hermeneutic phenomenology, this study examined evening activities of three adolescents in the community. I conducted in-depth interviews, asking the participants to describe their evening activities, the meaning of these activities, and the role of self in these activities. I analyzed the transcripts using thematic analysis and presented their course of self-development involving in these varying evening activities in the community. The evening stories of these three participants showed that three were no stereotypical images of youth. Every youths had their own personal traits and preferences. And, their individual life situations and people interaction shaped who they have become and how they see themselves. Therefore, the meaning of self exists in every human action with other individuals and in the environment. So, the types of evening activities youths participated in showed the characteristics of the environment they lived in and showed their individual unique characteristics. Even though there were some activities seemingly identical, there were hidden meanings behind them. These study showed that ever youth has their own unique story. Like me and the participants, we together had four evening stories to tell. So if there were one thousand and one youths, there would be one thousand and one stories to tell. At the end, suggestions and implications were discussed about family, school, and youth-related policies and youth outreach work.
195

TPM手法應用於產業績效提升之實務探討 / The study of TPM Techniques Applied in the Performance Improvement of Industries

林木森, Lin, Mu-Sen January 1900 (has links)
面對快速變遷與競爭激烈的經營環境,企業爲突破經營困境,無不卯足全力做好體質的改善,強化競爭能力之準備,但欲達此目的須有一套有效的管理機制,如何找到一個能讓企業形成策略「方向感」與建立能力強化之「著力點」的經營改革手法,乃為本研究之目的。 綜觀國內外推動TPM(Total Productive Management)之成功案例,讓不少企業獲得極大的成效,增強了他們堅實的競爭力,然不少企業也亟希望能導入此活動,卻缺少了具體的了解與推行方法,終究是半途而廢,因此乃融合了本身的實務推動經驗、相關成功企業之個案,來說明具體研究心得與推動要領。 本研究發現TPM是企業改善體質的一種工具也是一種方法,它透過了系統性的活動展開,結合各種分析改善手法,以品質、成本、效率、士氣、安全、環保為其衡量之指標,由個案研究中可以看到各項顯著的活動成效,如加工不良率由6150ppm降至108ppm;設備平均故障間隔時間延長了5倍;庫存低減50%,可見TPM對產業績效之貢獻。 / In the rapidly changing and highly competitive business environment, in order to break through the difficulties, the companies should do every effort to improve the physical and strengthen the competitiveness of the preparation. To achieve this goal, they must have an effective management technique, how to find a enables companies to form strategic "sense of direction" and to build capacity to strengthen the "focal point" of management reform practices that is the research target of the report. Checking around the world to promote the TPM of the success stories , so many companies get great results, and enhance their competition, although a lot of companies are also want to introduce this activity, but lack of a concrete understanding and implementation method, after all, is halfway, so I use the integration of their practical experience of successful enterprises related case studies, to illustrate the specific experiences and promote essentials. This study found that TPM is a tool also a method for enterprises toimprove physical fitness, It is expanded through a systematic activity, combined with a variety of analytical techniques improve, quality, cost, efficiency, morale, safety, environmental protection for measure of its targets, and more, safety, zero disasters, quality zero defect, zero fault of equipment, these items are for its ultimate purpose. Case studies can be seen by the remarkable effectiveness of the various activities, such as machining defect rate fell to 108ppm from 6150ppm; equipment MTBF extended to five times; Inventory Reduction 50% showing that the contribution TPM on industrial performance. / 目 錄 中文摘要 i Abstract ii 誌 謝 iii 目 錄 iv 表目錄 vi 圖目錄 viii 第一章 緒論 1 1.1 研究背景 1 1.2 研究動機 2 1.3 研究目的 4 1.4 研究限制 4 第二章 文獻探討 5 2.1 產業績效之內涵 5 2.2 產業績效提升應用之探討 7 2.2.1 TPM應用於產業績效領域 7 2.2.2 應用於產業績效提升之相關手法 9 2.2.3 TPM應用於其他相關領域 15 2.3 TPM的演進過程與定義 16 2.3.1 演進過程 17 2.3.2 TPM的定義 18 2.3.3 TPM的真義 20 2.4 TPM的全貌 22 2.4.1 追求目標 22 2.4.2 TPM之特色與整體架構 23 2.4.3 TPM與TPS、TQM之差異 23 2.5 TPM之應用手法 24 2.5.1 TPM展開步驟 25 2.5.2 八大支柱展開 32 2.5.3 QC Story 41 2.5.4 QC七大手法 42 2.6 TPM活動績效之評價指標 43 2.6.1 設備總合效率 44 2.6.2 生產績效指標 44 2.7 TPM之應用與展開 46 2.7.1 TPM之應用手法 47 2.7.2 TPM之展開模式 47 2.8 本章小結 47 第三章 研究方法 49 3.1 研究流程 49 3.2 研究方法說明 50 3.2.1 個案研究 50 3.2.2 專家訪談 51 3.3 研究方法特色 53 第四章 個案實證分析 54 4.1 個案研究 54 4.1.1 C公司簡介 54 4.1.2 C公司TPM推動狀況 56 4.1.3 活動過程與成效 59 4.1.4 方針目標達成之活動展開做法 60 4.1.5 個案研究小結 82 4.2 專家訪談 85 4.2.1 訪談對象 85 4.2.2 訪談目的 86 4.2.3 訪談狀況 87 4.2.4 訪談內容彙整 98 4.2.5 專家訪談小結 99 第五章 結論與建議 100 5.1 研究結論 100 5.1.1 TPM對產業績效最主要之貢獻 100 5.1.2 對產業績效最有效的改善手法與工具 101 5.1.3 找出TPM導入成功與失敗之關鍵 101 5.1.4 相關建議 102 5.2 未來研究方向 103 參考文獻 附錄一 專家電話訪談轉載紀錄表 附錄二 專家訪談問卷表 表目錄 表2.1 平衡計分卡的衡量指標 11 表2.2 TPM與TPS.TQM手法特徵之比較 24 表2.3 推行TPM的四階段十二步驟 25 表2.4 TPM講座課程概要 27 表2.5 各支柱的工作分配實例 29 表2.6 建構生產效率化體制 33 表2.7 展開個別改善的10步驟 34 表2.8 自主保養實施之七步驟 35 表2.9 計畫保養活動七步驟 36 表2.10 品質零不良七步驟 36 表2.11 教育訓練體系表 39 表2.12 QC七大手法 42 表2.13 QC STORY之8個步驟 43 表2.14 TPM活動的評量項目(1) 45 表2.15 TPM活動的評量項目(2) 45 表3.1 專家訪談主題 52 表3.2 研究方法特色與差異 53 表4.1 TPM活動成效 59 表4.2 設備分類評價基準表 68 表4.3 保養模式分類 69 表4.4 16大LOSS定義 78 表4.5 LOSS與支柱及部門別之關聯 79 表4.6 LOSS二維分析法 80 表4.7 改善主題等及定義 80 表4.8 LOSS改善主題管控表 81 表4.9 重要績效指標之成長狀況 83 表4.10 C公司TPM應用手法 84 表4.11 訪談對象 86 表4.12.1 專家訪談之彙整表 88 表4.12.2 專家訪談之彙整表 89 表4.12.3 專家訪談之彙整表 90 表4.12.4 專家訪談之彙整表 91 表4.12.5 專家訪談之彙整表 92 表4.12.6 專家訪談之彙整表 93 表4.12.7 專家訪談之彙整表 94 表4.12.8 專家訪談之彙整表 95 表4.12.9 專家訪談之彙整表 96 表4.12.10 專家訪談之彙整表 97 表5.1 TPM活動之整體效果 101 圖目錄 圖1.1 每年通過TPM賞廠商家數推移 3 圖1.2 台灣地區各業界取得狀況 3 圖1.3 台灣地區獲得TPM賞廠家狀況 4 圖2.1 TPM之發展沿革 18 圖2.2 阻礙生產效率化之16大損失 21 圖2.3 TPM之追求目標 22 圖2.4 活動理念展開之推動架構 23 圖2.5 重複小集團組織 28 圖2.6 災害發生的金字塔 40 圖3.1 研究流程 49 圖3.2 個案研究實施流程 50 圖3.3 專家訪談流程 51 圖4.1 C公司TPM推進歷程 55 圖4.2 TPM展開方針 57 圖4.3 九大支柱 58 圖4.4 TPM組織圖 58 圖4.5 安全衛生活動四大構面 61 圖4.6 安全零災害活動成效 62 圖4.7 來件品質保證做法 64 圖4.8 良品條件管理圖 65 圖4.9 品質保證之三關卡 65 圖4.10 品質零不良活動成效 66 圖4.11 設備零故障活動方針 67 圖4.12 零故障七步驟 72 圖4.13 設備管理情報系統 72 圖4.14 設備零故障活動成效 73 圖4.15 物料零庫存活動成效 76 圖4.16 資源零浪費活動成效 82
196

幼兒課程歷程品質之研究: 教室教學品質與幼兒學習投入 / A Study of Process-oriented Early Childhood Curriculum Quality: Classroom Quality and Children Involvement

洪郁婷 Unknown Date (has links)
高品質的幼兒園課程除了考量課程設計品質,例如,課程目標、學習內容、教學方法及評量標準外,也應考量課程的實施或歷程品質。 本研究採取課程歷程品質觀點,以教室教學品質與幼兒學習投入,探討我國幼兒園課程實施品質。研究樣本為臺北市26所公立幼兒園的37班、295位大班幼兒。研究者採用教室教學品質評量表(CLASS)與幼兒學習投入度評量表(LIS-YC)入班觀察,並運用SPSS21.0進行統計分析。 主要研究結果為: (一)教室教學品質之情緒支持與班級經營為高品質,教學支持為中低品質,此 結果與近期國內外之相關研究發現類似。 (二)幼兒學習投入為高品質,幼兒在參與學習活動時僅偶爾分心,此結果高於 近期國外之相關研究發現。 (三)教室教學品質之情緒支持和班級經營,都與幼兒學習投入呈現低度正相 關。 (四)活動型態影響教室教學品質與幼兒學習投入的關係,包括: (1)自由活動時,幼兒的學習投入高於點心活動與教學活動時, (2)自由活動時,教師的情緒支持高於教學活動時; (3)點心活動時,教師的班級經營高於自由活動時; (4)教學活動時,教師的班級經營和教學支持,都高於自由活動與點心活 動時。 (五)自由活動型態影響教室教學品質與幼兒學習投入,包括: (1)自由體能活動時,幼兒的學習投入高於自由角落時; (2)自由體能活動時,教師的班級經營高於自由角落時; (3)自由角落活動時,教師的教學支持高於自由體能活動時。 本研究根據研究結論提出實務與後續研究建議,希望能作為幼兒園課程品質之相關研究參考。 / Early childhood curriculum quality consists of design quality, such as curriculum goals, context, teaching and assessment, and implementation or process quality. This study purports to explore the curriculum process quality in Taipei public kindergartens through classroom quality and children involvement. The research sample includes 37 classrooms and 295 children at 26 public kindergartens in Taipei. The observation tools are Classroom Assessment Scoring System (CLASS) and Leuven Involvement Scale for Young Children (LIS-YC). The conclusions are: A.Teacher’s emotional support and classroom organization are high, while instructional support is medium-low. The findings are similar to relevant researches. B.Children involvement is high, and higher than foreign researches. C.Both teacher’s emotional support and classroom organization are slightly associated to children involvement. D.Curricular activity type effects classroom quality and children involvement. (1) Children involvement is higher in free play than in snack and instructional activities. (2) Teacher’s emotional support is higher in free play time than in instructional activities. (3) Teacher’s classroom organization is higher in snack time than in free play time. (4) Teacher’s instructional support is higher in instructional activities than in snack and free play time. E.Free activity type effects classroom quality and children involvement. (1) Children involvement is higher in free physical activity than in free learning areas. (2) Teacher’s classroom organization is higher in free physical activity than in free learning areas. (3) Teacher’s instructional support is higher in free learning areas than in free physical activity.
197

以大型活動建構城市品牌之評估指標研究 / A study of strategic indicators for branding cities by mega-events

林威儒 Unknown Date (has links)
本研究由「以大型活動建立城市品牌」面向切入大型活動行銷與城市行銷之主題,試圖釐清「城市」本身作為行銷主體時,相關的理論觀點,並聚焦於策略端,了解城市行銷與城市品牌發展之關鍵要素以及重要的城市品牌架構,進而建立以城市品牌長期發展為主要導向之大型活動所應具備的策略性思維,且逐步構築大型活動評估指標,作為未來城市品牌導向之大型活動策略規劃與分析之參考。 文獻回顧的部分,除了城市行銷本質的探討,理解城市行銷的功能與內涵外,亦在城市行銷的「技術」面文獻中,了解當前城市行銷策略規劃與城市品牌建立之相關理論基礎,最後在既有的研究中,連結大型活動與城市行銷之間的關聯性,著眼於如何運用城市品牌的建構面向,來評估與分析大型活動之策略。其後,歸納前述文獻所提及之諸多指標與成功要素,以四個主要面向重新抽取其內容,並發展相應於大型活動之操作性定義,以便先行建立初步評估指標。最後以專家群體決策為基礎之修正式德菲法進行最終評估指標之評選,使得指標體系的建構及後續分析,能具有較高度之代表性。 透過十多位行銷、傳播、媒體領域之學術界與實務界專業人士之專家問卷調查,本研究共建構十六項以大型活動建構城市品牌之評估指標,並進一步以大型活動籌辦單位之深度訪談補充營運面與組織面之內涵,增加指標於策略性運用時,更為全面性之思考。最後闡明研究結論,回應過往城市品牌架構文獻並建議未來相關研究方向,期望對於城市品牌思考與城市品牌導向之大型活動策略規劃與分析面向有所助益。 / The mega event held by a specific city shouldn’t only be analyzed as another single large scale event in the city but be seen as a series of city marketing practices in the long-term city branding context. The aim of the present study focuses on the strategic vision of the mega event and builds city brand-driven indicators to create the framework for mega event marketing strategy planning and evaluation. The main theoretical background from literature reviews for this study consists of several city marketing, city branding, mega event and event marketing topics, which are not only the conceptual but technical and structural viewpoints included. Then the primary city brand-driven mega event indicators would be developed by reorganizing these past researches into four main categories: strategy, symbol, relationship, benefit and sustainability. Based on Delphi method, all primary indicators are evaluated by 16 marketing, communication, media experts and finally formed the strategic framework. Also, in this study, mega event organizer and the coordinator of marketing related department in the city government are interviewed to understand issues comprehensively from the execution and organization levels for solid strategic thinking. Finally, all 16 key indicators and the managerial implications , specific city branding frameworks from the literature reviews, and also advices for future studies are outlined and discussed in the last chapter.
198

女性休閒環境架構之基礎研究-以台北縣市女性為例 / A Prelimiriary Study on the Women Leisure Envital Structure

蘇瑛敏 Unknown Date (has links)
本研究以女性主義觀點,從女性生活空間,女性主觀的經驗感受以及彼此不同屬性間差異所反應的社會脈落價值觀問題等角度來探討女性休閒課題。在滿足女性休閒期望的前提下,考慮阻礙女性參與休閒的影響因子,探討女性的休閒認知, 休閒活動, 休閒設施三者間的特性及相互關係,作為建立女性休閒環境架構之基礎研究。  本研究受限於個人時間, 人力, 財力等因素,問卷抽樣限於居住在臺北市及臺北縣的二十歲以上女性為研究對象,僅針對女性日常休閒活動及日常使用之休閒設施做調查研究,不涉及較長時間長距離之國內外休閒遊憩活動。本研究透過相關理論文獻回顧與評述,由心理學,社會學,休閒學,女性學,地域設施論等各種不同角度來探討女性休閒概念,女性休閒設施計畫,女性休閒相關研究與議題,並對臺灣女性生活時間及休閒狀況做一回顧。  基於對研究主題,問題內涵,及個人認知觀念之考量,主要調查分析方法是並用焦點團體訪談的質性研究與問卷調查的量化統計二種研究方法。由女性自身角色認知及女性休閒認知來解析女性休閒目的,休閒選擇主動權及休閒訊息來源。並由區位,頻率,交流性等三指標分析休閒活動特性,掌握阻礙女性參與休閒因素及對休閒活動的期望。將女性休閒設施特色依區位,性質,類型等指標做解析,並分析女性對休閒設施的考慮因素,休閒設施區位及增設類型等的期望。  從研究結果得知,不同屬性之女性對休閒目的,休閒活動,休閒設施的需求不同,休閒環境所呈現的特質亦不同。休閒目的與休閒活動間具有互換性,兩者關係屬於行為科學研究範疇。休閒活動與休閒設施間關係屬於環境行為學研究範疇,具有規範性。而休閒設施與休閒目的間具有觸發性,屬於環境認知之研究範疇。 / The suqeject of this paper is to survey leisure issues of women from a feminist perspective,to satisfy wonen`s leisure expectation as a prerequisite,also to consider the facrtors which influence wonen`s leisure activity patterns and priorities,I try to survey the characters and the relationshipw of women leisure consciousness,women leisure activity patterns and the leisure facility;to build a framework of wonen leisure environmental structure,Due to the limitaion of time,manpower and moneuy, this study focus on women Whose age are above20-year-old and live in Taipei city. the research range is not include long-time&long-distance recreation activity but focus on wom'ens daily leisure activity. According to the previous studies, I defined three meanings of leisure and various leisure activities Were divided into three leisure categories depending on the tendency of their meaning. In order to analyze the leisure characteristics,frequencies, site are used as indexes. Leisure activities were analyzed and categorized into the following four types of leisure activitiey;regional activity; urban activity and natural activity The spatial characteristics of the leisure facilities based on physical characteristics were examined. The conclusion reaches that three aspects of leisure were clearly found and these aspects strongly influence each other Women had different needs of leisure consciousness,leisure activities and leisure facilities within different clusters.Also there were different characteristics appeared in women leisure environment.
199

台灣地區鄉鎮圖書館閱讀推廣活動之研究 / A Study on Promote Reading Activities in Taiwan Rural Libraries

饒梅芳 Unknown Date (has links)
近年來,推廣終身學習與培養資訊素養日益受到重視,國內外政府均將推廣閱讀視為重要的課題。由於文化建設成果,台灣各鄉鎮普設圖書館,由於鄉鎮圖書館直接接觸鄉鎮居民,成為推廣閱讀活動第一線角色。 本論文旨在探討台灣地區鄉鎮圖書館推動閱讀活動之現況。首先就閱讀與閱讀活動之意涵、各國的閱讀活動與政策、圖書館推動閱讀的任務與功能、公共圖書館推廣閱讀活動之類型與策劃、台灣地區鄉鎮圖書館閱讀推廣之相關文獻進行研討,並簡要回顧台灣地區鄉鎮圖書館的設置起源與歷年來閱讀推廣活動的概況。 採用深度訪談法,以立意抽樣之方式選擇訪談對象,共計有台北縣深坑鄉立圖書館、南投縣埔里鎮立圖書館、台南縣歸仁鄉立圖書館、屏東縣長治鄉立圖書館等四所圖書館,藉由訪問承辦閱讀活動之鄉鎮圖書館員、閱讀活動中的帶領人、以及參與閱讀活動的讀者等,匯集多方的想法與建議,從圖書館所辦理閱讀活動的類型、內外資源的運用、所遭遇到的困難與問題、民眾參與的程度等面向,分析台灣地區鄉鎮圖書館閱讀推廣活動辦理概況,並探討其成功模式。 根據文獻與訪談結果,建議政府及圖書館上級主管機關應:1.訂定閱讀相關法案與政策;2.輔導鄉鎮圖書館推廣閱讀;3.利用全球性的閱讀節日加強宣導;4.加強應用網路資源推廣閱讀;5.鄉長應慎選熱心館長;6.加強閱讀培訓課程;7.出版閱讀推廣之策劃等相關出版品;8.辦理閱讀推廣有成的圖書館觀摩與交流活動,建議鄉鎮圖書館應:1.積極地舉辦閱讀推廣活動;2.結合教育單位與民間團體,善用社會資源共同推展閱讀;3.倡導愉悅的閱讀;4.利用獎勵推廣兒童閱讀;5.行銷館藏與推薦好書;6.加強購買新書以即時供應閱讀需求。 / In recent years, the promotion of lifelong learning and the training of information literacy have been bestowed a gradual increase in attention. Both local and international governments regard reading promotion as an important subject. Due to Taiwan’s elaborate cultural infrastructure, widespread rural libraries establish direct contacts with nearby residents, playing a major role in promoting reading activities. This thesis aims at exploring the situations of rural libraries’ reading promotion activities in Taiwan. This research discusses the following issues: the definitions of reading and reading activities, the different reading activity policies of various countries, the mission and function of public libraries in promoting reading activities along with the types of promotions and their planning, a discussion of relevant documents regarding the promotion of reading by rural libraries, and a brief review of the establishment of rural libraries and their general situations in reading promotion. The methods of this study are literature analysis and in-depth interview. Chosen through purposive sampling, interviewees include the Shenkeng Township Library of Taipei County, the Puli Township Library of Nantou County, the Gueiren Township Library of Tainan County, and the Changjr Township Library of Pingdong County. By interviewing the rural libraries that hold reading activities, their activity leaders, and activity participants, this thesis gathers different ideas and suggestions. Through rural libraries’ reading activity types, their application of internal and external resources, the difficulties and problems they confronted, and the participation level of local residents, this thesis analyzes the situation of the promotion of reading activities in Taiwan’s rural libraries’ and investigates their successful models. According to research results, this study suggests that the government and the authorities at the ministry of library: (1) institute relevant reading bills and policies; (2) guide and assist rural libraries in reading promotion; (3) utilize the international reading festival to establish recognition; (4) use the internet and the information & communications technology to promote; (5) select enthusiastic library directors by the head of the local government; (6)strengthen the training courses of reading promotions; (7)publish relevant publications on reading planning; (8) inspect and learn from outstanding libraries. This study suggests that rural libraries: (1)actively hold reading activities; (2)combine educational organization and community resources to promote reading conjointly; (3) advocate pleasure reading; (4)utilize rewards to promote children’s reading; (5) market library collections and recommend good books; (6) enhance new book purchases in order to immediately supply the demand of reading.
200

未分配盈餘加徵百分之十營利事業所得稅對企業創新活動影響之實證研究 / The Impact of Additional 10% Surtax on Undistributed Surplus Earnings on Enterprises' Innovation

李秀玉 Unknown Date (has links)
我國所得稅法自民國八十七年一月一日開始實施兩稅合一制度。這原本是政府一項消除重複課稅的美意,但是仍受到多方批評。其爭議點就在於「未分配盈餘加徵百分之十營利事業所得稅」這項配套措施的實施。許多專家學者認為,對企業的未分配盈餘課稅,不利於企業內部資金的累積,進而影響其創新活動的投入與產出。而財政部卻持有不同的看法。 基於上述爭議,本研究以迴歸模式探討「未分盈餘加徵百分之十營利事業所得稅」制度的實施,對企業創新活動的影響。經實證結果發現: 1.對企業未分配盈餘加徵10%營利事業所得稅,確實會影響企業資本形成,降低其創新活動。因此,為求稅制良善,促進國家經濟發展,政府對於稅制之設計應謹慎為之。 2.以高科技產業和傳統產業比較,高科技產業由於兩稅合一未分配盈餘加徵10%營利事業所得稅制度的實施,其創新活動較制度實施前縮減,且縮減程度明顯大於傳統產業。此結果顯示,高科技產業顯然可謂新稅制下的最大受害者。因此,對高科技產業之未分配盈餘加以課稅,無疑是形成其創新活動的絆腳石、增加其營運上的風險。政府對此情況,應予正視。 3.以融資受限公司和融資未受限公司比較,兩稅合一之未分配盈餘加徵10%營利事業所得稅制度對融資受限公司之影響不大。經分析樣本特性,發現融資受限公司的獲利能力較差,因此租稅課徵對於其所造成的影響較低。因此可推論,獲利能力差之融資受限公司的創新活動受到非租稅因素的影響比租稅因素來得大。 關鍵字:未分配盈餘加徵百分之十營利事業所得稅,兩稅合一,創新活動 / In response to the public concern, Taiwan has adopted the imputation tax credit system since January 1st, 1998. Although the new tax reform can eliminate double taxation, the implementation of additional 10% surtax on undistributed surplus earnings has engendered lots of comments. Based on the disputations resulted from the new tax system, we conduct an empirical research analyzing the impacts of the implementation of additional 10% surtax on undistributed surplus earnings on the enterprises’ innovation. The empirical results in this research can be summarized as follows: 1. Imposing 10% surtax on corporate undistributed surplus earnings has adverse effect on capital accumulation, in turn leading to reduction in incentive of enterprises to conduct innovative activities. 2. Compared to the traditional industry, adverse effect of this new system is more profound for firms in the high-tech industry. The results indicate that high-tech industry is the major victim under the new tax reform. Therefore, imposing additional 10% surtax on high-tech industry will be an obstacle to enterprises’ growth and increase its operating risks. 3. Compared to unconstrained firms, we find out that the new tax system have less effects on constrained firms. Owing to considering the poor profitability, we can infer that non-tax factors have greater influence on the innovation of constrained firms relative to tax factors. Key words: additional 10% surtax on undistributed surplus earnings, the imputation tax credit system, innovation

Page generated in 0.0234 seconds