台灣產業的發展一向與國際市場的脈動相連，光電產業也不例外，近幾年來在國際的夾擊之下依然發展得極為出色，與其他部分高科技產業共同支撐起台灣科技產業的命脈。所以本研究藉著資料包絡分析法 (data envelopment analysis, DEA) 的應用，透過計算整體技術效率、純粹技術效率、規模效率與 Malmquist 生產力指數，具體衡量出各廠商的生產效率值與跨期變化情形以供廠商參考。另外將光電產業依產品特性分成幾個次產業，為各次產業提出客觀的經營建議。最後由 Tobit 迴歸分析影響效率的重要因素，提供提升效率的參考，希望能對我國的光電產業有所幫助，而繼續為台灣科技產業的成長努力。 本研究以國內 30 家光電產業廠商於 2000 年至 2003 年之資料為研究範圍，選取的投入變數為：員工人數、固定資產、營業成本與營業費用四項，產出變數為營業收入淨額與稅前淨利。另外迴歸分析中使用的解釋變數為董監員工紅利率、存貨週轉率、負債比率、研發費用率、 TCRI 信用評等與董監持股比率。 研究結果顯示，整個光電產業整體無效率的原因較多是技術無效率導致，小部份是規模無效率造成的；而就每個次產業而言，以其四年平均值來看亦是受技術無效率影響較多。而在 Malmquist 生產力指數分析中發現，整個光電產業只有在 2000 年至 2001 年間，因技術退步的影響大於綜合技術效率進步的影響，而使得生產力衰退，往後的期間皆呈現進步的態勢。而在次產業方面，綜合技術效率的退步導致光通訊產業在 2001 年至 2002 年間的生產力衰退；技術的退步使得 2002 年至 2003 年間的光輸出入產業產生生產力的衰退。 最後，在迴歸分析中的結果為存貨週轉率對於整體技術效率有著顯著的正向影響；研發費用率是顯著的負向影響。而在純粹技術效率部份，存貨週轉率有顯著正向影響；TCRI評等越佳，TCRI 值越低，純粹技術效率越好。 / Taiwan's industries are always connected closely with international market, and optoelectronic industry is no exception. Through keenly competence these years, it is still brilliant and boosts the lifeline of Taiwan's Technology industry with other Hi-tech industries. So this research uses data envelopment analysis as objective references to enhance production efficiency. First we divide the whole optoelectronic industry into several sub-industries according to the characteristics of their products, and calculate every firm and sub-industry’s values of technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency, scale efficiency and Malmquist index definitely. Then we analyze the key factors influencing production efficiency and offer references for helping optoelectronic industry better. This research is based on the data of 30 optoelectronic firms in Taiwan during the 2000-2003 periods. We use the number of employee, fixed assets, operating costs and operating expenses as input variables; net sales revenue and net income before taxes as output variables. Besides, the explanatory variables in regression analysis are the percentage of bonus accounting for operating net amount, inventory turns, debt ratio, the percentage of R&D expenses accounting for operating net amount, TCRI, share holding on directors. The result shows that inefficiency in the whole industry and sub-industries mainly comes from technical inefficiency. MPI demonstrates that productivity of the whole industry is declined only during 2000-2001 period and it is because of declined technology. And declined technical efficiency results in the declined productivity of fiber-communication industry between 2001-2002; declined technology results in the declined productivity of optical input/output devices industry between 2002-2003. Under regression analysis, the result shows that inventory turnovers have a significant positive effect on efficiency; the percentage of R&D expenses accounting for operating net amount has a significant negative effect on efficiency. And about pure technical efficiency, inventory turn has a significant positive effect; TCRI has a significant negative effect.

為了因應國內金融產業多元化、跨業經營的發展，立法院於民國90年6月27日通過「金融控股公司法」，截至2003年底止，我國一共有14家金融控股公司成立，而國內金融界也隨著一家一家金融控股公司的成立，掀起一波波合併及併購的風潮，由於金融機構未來互相合併、朝向大型化及多元化的趨勢明顯，因此，金融控股公司多角化的經營是否能夠發揮其效益是值得我們去探討的。 本文利用非參數邊界法，以及Ferrier et al.（1993）所提出的多角化經濟程度指標，來評估2002與2003年包含銀行、證券及保險營收三項產出的6家多角化金融控股公司之相對效率，並分析其無效率之來源，以及衡量其是否存在多角化經濟。另外，本文以投入導向的MPI評估台灣金融控股公司2002至2003年生產力變動的情形。 實証結果發現，6家包含銀行、證券及保險營收三項產出的多角化金融控股公司，都存在有多角化經濟的現象，表示金融控股公司多角化的發展與跨業經營確有其成本上的效益。另外，比較生產力變動的各項數值，多角化金融控股公司均低於非多角化金融控股公司，顯示多角化的效益並未反應在效率以及生產力的成長上。 / This paper adopts a nonparametric frontier method and the measure define by Ferrier et al. (1993) to evaluate efficiency and economies of diversification of 6 diversification financial holding companies which contain banking, security and insurance in Taiwan in 2002 and 2003. In addition, we use input-oriented Malmquist productivity index to study the productivity change of financial holding companies in Taiwan during 2002-2003. Empirical results indicate that 6 diversification financial holding companies all exhibit economies of diversification. Product diversification of financial holding company indeed has its effect on cost. In addition, compare every component of productivity change, we find non-diversification financial holding companies have better performance than diversification financial holding companies. The effect of diversification has not exhibit on the growth of efficiency and productivity.

台灣的IC設計產業總產值全球僅次於美國，自從九零年代中期成為我國極受矚目的產業。因此本研究所探討的主題為全球IC設計產業的生產效率分析，以2003年全球營收前卅大IC設計廠商為樣本。透過資料包絡法(Data Envelopment Analysis，DEA)，針對不同地區與個別廠商進行2000年至2002年的效率分析，最後進行Tobit迴歸分析，求得影響廠商生產績效的因子，提供本國廠商改善效率的參考，實證結果為： 1.DEA跨國比較的結果顯示，在2000年至2002年整體技術效率值最高的地區為美國，在2000年與2001年為台灣整體技術效率值僅次於美國，但在2002年卻落居第三。觀察個別廠商績效，Qualcomm、MediaTek、Marvell、ICS、Lattice、Pmc-Sierra與DSP Group等廠商績效最好，其整體技術效率值為1。 2.Malmquist生產力指數(MPI)跨國比較的結果顯示，臺、美、加三國總要素生產力均呈現退步的情形，2001至2002年，臺、加總要素生產力呈現進步，美國呈現退步。就個別廠商而言，在2000年至2001年間有四家廠商總要素生產力進步，在2001至2002年年則有十五家廠商總要素生產力呈現進步的狀況。 3.Tobit迴歸分析的結論為：存貨週轉率inventory turnover對整體技術效率有顯著的正向影響；負債比率與平均收帳期間均對整體技術效率有顯著的負面影響。研發費用率、經營年限與整體技術效率呈現正向關係，至於每人配備率則呈現負相關。 / The total output value of Taiwanese IC design industry is the globally second following United States. It had become the domestic gazed industry since mid 90s. Therefore, this research studies the production efficiency of global IC design industry and chooses the firms which sales globally ranked top 30 as samples. Through DEA, this thesis analyzes the efficiency focused on different regions and individual firms from 2000 to 2002. And finally, the Tobit regression model is proposed to find out the factors that influenced performances of firms and it could be reference for the domestic firms to improve their production efficiency and productivity. The results display: 1. By comparison with regions, the DEA results display that U.S.A. United States has the highest overall technical efficiency(TE) value during 2000 to 2002. Taiwan ranked behind U.S. both in 2000 and 2001 but dropped to the 3rd position in 2003. Observing performances of individual firms, Qualcomm, MediaTek, Marvell, ICS, Lattice, Pmc-Sierra and DSP Group performed as the best and their efficiency value is 1. 2. By comparison with regions, Malmquist Productivity Index(MPI) results display that the U.S.., Taiwan and Canada showed their Total Factors Productivity (TFP) to degenerate from 2000 to 2001. However, Taiwan and Canada showed their progressive TFP, progress in TFP but U.S.A. had a regressive TFP from 2001 to 2002. For one individual firm, there were only 4 firms’ TFP being aggressive from 2000 to 2001 and there are 15 firms’ TFP aggressive from 2001 to 2002. 3. The result from running Tobit regression models display that Inventory Turnover has significant positive effect to TE; Debate Ratio and Average Collection Period have significant negative effect to TE; R&D Ratio and Incorporated Period have direct relation with TFE and Equipment Per Employee has negative relation with TE.

台灣財富管理市場潛力無窮，各家金融機構無不積極搶攻財富管理市場大餅。但根據麥肯錫顧問公司針對亞洲數千個中高收入的家庭調查發現，台灣銀行顧客的不滿意程度，始終居高不下，而其客戶也是亞洲各國中轉換往來銀行傾向最高者。銀行業者刻不容緩的管理課題是，除了商品本身之外，應進一步創造「服務」的附加價值。 台灣主要推廣財富管理業務的銀行，策略都差不多，此時該如何凸顯競爭力，在銀行經營策略上益顯重要。有鑑於此，本文旨在針對個案銀行發展財富管理業務進行個案研究，研究其經營策略，包含理專生產力提升計畫、導入顧問式行銷、經營服務模式的轉型。 本研究發現個案銀行發展財富管理業務過程中在願景之引導下策略定位得宜，個案銀行在財富管理業務發展雖較其他銀行早，但為維持品牌領導地位，近年來發展之重點將繼續以創新流程與創造服務的附加價值作為發展財富管理業務之重點，以維持其競爭優勢。 關鍵詞：財富管理、理專生產力提升計畫、顧問式行銷、經營服務模式

過去研究在理論上與實證上，大多聚焦在正向團隊情感氛圍 (positive group affective tone)與團隊創造力關係的探討，但亦有學者認為，在某些情況下，團隊的負向團隊情感氛圍也能促進團隊創造力的產生 (如：George & King, 2007)；然而，負向團隊情感氛圍雖可能提升團隊創造力、但同時也可能增加團隊內人際間反生產力行為。對於企業而言，是否能創造一個良好的團隊情境，以提升負向團隊情感氛圍對團隊創造力的正面影響、並同時降低其造成反生產力行為的可能性，實為一重要的研究問題。 本研究假設：若團隊成員在一段時間內可以經歷到正向與負向的團隊情感氛圍時，能藉由雙重調諧效果而增強團隊創造力，並降低人際間反生產力行為的產生；此外，本研究亦認為團隊信任此一情境變數扮演重要的干擾角色，若團隊處於高信任的狀況下，更可以加強正、負向團隊情感氛圍交互作用對團隊創造力的正向影響、及對人際間反生產力行為的負向影響。本研究樣本收集自高科技產業的68個研發團隊 (包含270位團隊成員)，階層迴歸顯示，高正向與高負向團隊情感氛圍確實可以降低反生產力行為的發生，而高團隊信任可加強此一效果；此外本研究意外發現高正向團隊情感氛圍和高團隊信任，反而會降低團隊創造力的產生，而高團隊信任、低正團隊情感氛圍的情況下，負向團隊情感氛圍與團隊創造力呈正相關。 / Past studies have focused on the relationship between positive group affective tone (PGAT) and team creativity. However, George & King (2007) indicated that under some situations, negative group affective tone (NGAT) can enhance the formation of team creativity. Furthermore, NGAT may also increase interpersonal counterproductive working behavior (CWB) within teams. Thus, the present study is designed to find out the situation under which the positive effects of NGAT on team creativity will be strengthened, whereas the effects of NGAT on CWB will be weakened. This study proposed that PGAT and NGAT would interact to increase team creativity and decrease CWB through the dual-tuning effects. Moreover, higher levels of team trust can enhance this interaction effects. The sample is composed of 68 R&D teams (including 270 members) and the results of hierarchical regression analyses showed that PGAT and NGAT interacted to decrease CWB, and this interaction effect was enhanced by team trust. Moreover, it is surprising that PGAT and team trust interacted to decrease team creativity. Finally, under the situation of high team trust and low PGAT, NGAT can increase team creativity.

本研究旨在探討1989至2008年間，台灣、香港、大陸地區工程類文獻作者之共同合作情形，透過兩岸三地被SCIE資料庫蒐錄之文獻數量，進一步觀察十四類工程學門中作者人數、作者合作對象、高產量機構及其合作對象、以及作者人數與文獻被引用次數間是否相關。 研究結果得知在十四類工程學科中，兩岸三地皆以免疫生物醫學工程之平均合作作者人數為最高，環境工程亦同樣在三地都有較高平均作者人數的表現，由此可見，免疫生物醫學工程及環境工程都是較多學者共同合作研究產出的學科。兩岸三地之多作者文獻比率皆在90%左右，單一作者文獻數較少。在高產機構方面，台灣則集中於台灣大學、成功大學、清華大學、交通大學，並發現台灣大學的研究者最常與同校研究者共同合作。此外，兩岸三地之跨國合作對象皆以美國為最多。最後探討作者人數與文獻被引用次數間是否相關，發現兩岸三地單一作者產出之文獻的被引用次數普遍較低，但皆無法明顯看出作者人數與文獻被引用次數間的關係。 本研究結果在為兩岸三地工程學門文獻之作者生產力提供一個概括呈現，以了解不同的工程學門間之差異，並協助高等教育評鑑對於工程領域的學術生產力概況有一背景瞭解，作為日後之評鑑參考。 / The purpose of this research is to discuss the degree of collaboration among engineering literature authors within Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Mainland China from 1989 to 2008. We use the quantity of literatures that are collected from Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Mainland China by the SCIE database to further observe the number of authors in fourteen engineering subjects, the people with whom the authors collaborate, the high production organizations and the people with whom they collaborate, and the correlation between the number of authors and the frequency of being cited. The findings are as follows. Biomedical engineering has the highest average number of author collaboration in Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Mainland China. Environmental engineering also has high average number of author collaboration in relation to other subjects in Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Mainland China. Therefore, we can see that immunity biomedical engineering and environmental engineering are the subjects that require more scholars to collaborate. The percentage of multi-author literature is approximately 90% in Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Mainland China. There are fewer sole-author literature. For high-production organization, the majority of author collaboration has higher concentration in National Taiwan University, National Cheng Kung University, National Tsing Hua University, and National Chaio Tung University in Taiwan. In addition, the researchers from National Taiwan University collaborate mostly with the researchers from the same university. In addition, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Mainland China has the most international collaboration with the United States of America. Finally, we discuss the correlation between the number of authors and the frequency of being cited. The finding is that the sole-author literature in Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Mainland China has lower frequency of being cited in general, but we cannot find the correlation between the number of authors and the frequency of being cited. The findings of this research is to provide a general representation of literature author productivity in engineering subjects in Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Mainland China, to understand the differences in different engineering subjects ,and to assist higher education institute with background understanding in evaluating the academic productivity of engineering areas in the future.

自1970年代起，政府鬆綁了許多金融管制與政策限制，國內的銀行產業環境有所改變，再加上逐漸自由化與國際化的趨勢，導致國內的銀行業日益競爭，在如此競爭的環境中，銀行要生存的關鍵在於本身的經營績效是否禁得起市場考驗。 本文有鑑於銀行經營績效的重要性，採用Balk﹝2001﹞定義將總要素生產力變動分解為技術改變、純技術效率改變，規模效率改變及產出組合效果來進行分析。以本國53家一般銀行，選取1997-2005年共9年資料進行分析，並以不同面向進一步探討銀行生產力差異，最後以營運績效管理矩陣討論哪些銀行具有競爭優勢及發展的潛力。 本研究主要實證結果如下： 1、從整體銀行產業各年度生產力來看，整體銀行的經營效率在觀察期間的前半段是呈現退步，但後半段則是呈現成長的反方向變動；至於規模效率與產出組合效果方面則幾乎呈現退步；而技術面則與效率變動恰巧呈現反方向狀態，可見對整體銀行產業來說，規模效率的提昇及產出組合的最適選擇仍有相當大的努力空間。 2、以外資持股比例的面向來看，外資持股比例較高的銀行其生產力並未較外資持股比例較低的銀行生產力高。以公、民營銀行面向來探討，公營銀行的總要素生產力變動較民營銀行的生產力變動高。加入金控後對於技術變動有所提升，但就整體生產力來看加入前後並無顯著差異。 3、以營運績效管理矩陣來分析銀行廠商的表現可知，最多銀行廠商落在象限Ⅵ(TFPC<1，0.75<TE<0.9)，佔所有廠商家數的比率為26.3%，而落於第Ⅰ象限(TFPC>1，TE>0.9)的銀行所佔的比率為14.3%。我們可以看到以縱軸為劃分基準來看，分佈於跨期生產力變動表現不佳的第ⅡⅣ及Ⅵ象限(TFPC<1)的銀行數目佔銀行總家數高達71.5%，顯示對大部分的銀行來說，都不具長期的發展潛力。 / In accordance with the policy of economic liberalization and internationalization, the Taiwan government released the banking industry from lots of financial regulations since 1970. The deregulation has exerted significant structural changes of financial institutions and imposed competitive pressure on the operation of banking industry. It follows that promoting efficiency and productivity of banking are the key factors for the banks to survive in the keen competitive environment. This study investigated the productivity and efficiency issues and decomposed total factor productivity change (TFPC) into technical change (TC), pure technical efficiency change (PTE), scale efficiency change (SEC) and output mix effect (OME) following Balk (2001). Then we proceeded to apply DEA method to estimate and analyze the productivity growth of the 53 sample banks in 1997-2005. The study also constructed an operational performance management matrix to classify and discuss the banks’ competitive advantage and the strategy of future development. The major empirical results were as follows: 1.Operational efficiency of whole banking industry showed a decline tendency in the anterior half of observation period, but the posterior half presented the reverse direction change. The SEC and the OME were declining. The TC presented an increase tendency in the anterior half of observation period, but the posterior half presented the reverse direction change. Therefore, it indicates there are a lot of spaces for the industry to improve its performance. 2.The banks with a higher proportion of foreign shareholdings didn’t have higher TFPC compared to those with lower proportion of foreign shareholdings. The TFPC of the publicly-owned banks was higher than the private banks. We also found that there were no difference in the operation efficiency before and after banks become the subsidiary banks of financial holding corporations. 3.Using operational performance management matrix to classify and discuss banks’ performance, we found that 26.3% of the total banks belong to quadrant Ⅵ (TFPC<1，0.75<TE<0.9). 14.3% of banks belong to quadrantⅠ(TFPC>1，TE>0.9). The banks which located on quadrants Ⅱ, Ⅳ and Ⅵ (TFPC<1) account for 71.5%, which indicates that most of banks lose their long-run competitiveness.

Motorola在1980年代中期透過實施了六標準差方法，因而拉近了與日本企業的品質差距，同時也透過實施了六標準差方法，使得Motorola變得更有競爭優勢，之後奇異的其總裁傑克.威爾許更大幅地推動此套方法的普及，將六標準差全面的導入奇異的日常作業流程中，因此現在的六標準差，除了具備統計上的意義外，也代表著一套非常有系統的流程改善方法，甚至有些企業更以其作為企業策略與營運經營的方法，讓六標準差的應用範圍越來越廣。 本研究以六標準差改善手法的DMAIC步驟，來進行個案公司衛星廣播產品線UPA-ST組裝線的生產力提升。而在使用此方法之前，本研究則運用限制理論的思維來思考如何找出影響組裝線生產力的主要因素，因此本研究在界定的階段就發現了影響UPA-ST組裝線的生產力的關鍵因素主要有三項，第一項為瓶頸工站，第二項為工時變異大的工站，第三項則為組裝線未平衡的作業。針對各項關鍵因素，本研究透過數據的蒐集與分析來瞭解這三項關鍵因素如何影響組裝線的生產力，最後則透過了作業拆解與同步作業來提升了瓶頸工作站的生產力、透過了工站順序調動與合併來使組裝線能夠平衡、瞭解變異的來源與建立自主品檢流程來降低變異性大的工作站之變異，藉由減少這三項關鍵因素對組裝線生產力的影響，因此也使此條組裝線最後能增加產出與減少人力資源的投入，因而提升了生產力。 / Motorola used six-sigma way to shorten the quality difference in the middle of 1980s. Also, it became more competitive via six-sigma way. Then, the president of GE, Jack Welch, made much effort to popularize this way and implemented into this way to the daily process of GE. As a result, besides the meaning of statistics, current six-sigma also represents the set of systematic way to improve process. Further, some companies use it as strategies and operation ways. These cause the application of six-sigma way become more and more broad. This research use DMAIC steps of six-sigma way to increase the productivity of UPA-ST ‘s satellite broadcast product line. Before using this way, this research use limitation theory to think how to find the major factors which would influence the productivity of the assemble line. Consequently, this research finds there are three major factors to influence the productivity of UPA-ST’s assemble line: the first is the bottleneck station, the second is the station which exists big variance of working time, the third is the unbalance operation of the assemble line. For each major factors, this research uses data collection and analysis to understand how these three major factors affect the productivity of assemble line. Finally, it increases the productivity via taking apart the operation and synchronous way; it makes assemble line balance via adjust the order of work station and combination; it reduces the variance of the working station which exists big variance via understanding the source of variance and building the autonomous quality-control process. Through reducing the productivity influence of these three major factors, it consequently make the assemble line increase the output and reduce the input of manpower to increase the productivity.

以往對於競爭力之探討多著重於探討國家、產業或個別廠商之間的競爭現象，近年來隨著經濟全球化、自由貿易的興起、地方經濟逐漸成為地方政府及許多學者關心的焦點，而在台灣方面，地方自治亦是憲法明定的方向，因此各地方政府為了爭取更多的資金投入、人口及廠商進駐，也將競相改善工作及居住環境，以增進其吸引力，因此未來台灣地區都市之間的競爭現象將愈趨明顯，基於此，本文針對都市競爭力深入探討，並以台灣地區作為實證對象，實際計算都市競爭力。另外，製造業為都市基礎產業，因此本文亦針對製造業生產力及都市競爭力與製造業生產力之間關係深入探討，以作為地方政府規劃都市及產業發展之參考。 本研究可分為四部分，第一部份為都市競爭力與製造業生產力文獻回顧，第二部份為台灣地區都市競爭力與製造業生產力現況分析，實際計算台灣地區都市競爭力、製造業生產力、都市化、地方化及專業化現況及排名，並計算此五項變數之間的簡單相關係數，第三部份為都市競爭力與製造業生產力理論模型建構及實證分析，此部份係以文獻回顧所歸納出之都市競爭力及製造業生產力影響因素，建立都市競爭力與製造業生產力之聯立方程式，並以兩階段最小平方法進行迴歸分析，第四部分為結論建議與後續研究。經由本研究之實證結果，得到之結論為： 一、都市競爭力為都市本身吸引居住人口、廠商及經濟活動之區域特質，受到製造業生產力、公共建設、區位及都市寧適性影響。 二、製造業受都市不經濟影響，專業化因素成為製造業生產力之正面外部經濟因素。 三、製造業生產力為都市競爭力的正面影響因素，都市競爭力亦為製造業生產力之影響因素，但民國85年兩者關係出現轉變，即都市競爭力對製造業生產有負面影響。 / The past study of competitiveness has been focus on the competitiveness of nations, industry or firms. In recent years, because of the economic globalization and the booming trend of free trading, the local economy has been the concern of many governments and scholars. In Taiwan, local autonomy is the future direction recorded in constitution. Local governments will improve the living and working environment to attract persons and capital. The competitiveness between cities will be clearer. In this study, I will study urban competitiveness and compute the urban competitiveness in Taiwan. In addition, manufacturing is the base industry of urban, so this study will also discuss the relationship of urban competitiveness and manufacturing. According to the result of this study, I have several solutions: 1. Urban competitiveness is the ability to attract persons, firms and economic activity and will be affected by productivity of manufacturing, infrastructure, location and urban amenity. 2. Manufacturing is affected by urbanization diseconomies and specialization will improve the productivity of manufacturing. 3. Productivity of manufacturing will improve urban competitiveness and urban competitiveness will improve productivity of manufacturing. But the relationship between urban competitiveness and productivity of manufacturing has changed at 1996.

大都市憑著其高度的聚集經濟、高生產力，而不斷地吸引人口及產業的進入，造成小都市相對劣勢。面對此一現象，政府應如何擬訂一適宜之都市發展政策，實有深入研究之必要。因此，本研究欲探討都市規模與都市生產力二者間之關係，希望從都市生產力之觀點，能提供合適的都市發展政策，以供政府參考之用。 　　針對上述，本研究擬利用Alonso及Schaefer都市模型來探討影響台灣地區都市規模變化之因素，進一步利用Translog生產函數求其規模報酬，藉以判斷都市生產力之高低。最後，則利用Translog生產函數與資本、勞動二條報酬分額方程式透過ISUR來探討不同都市規模要素報酬之問題。 　　經本研究實證結果得到以下幾個結論： 　　一、外部因素如：周圍地區對都市中心產品之需求、生產更高階產品之規模效果是影響都市規模、生產力變化之重要因素。 　　二、從連續型生產函數可得台灣地區都市規模與都市生產力二者間有正向關係的存在。 　　三、因限資料問題，無法進一步分析台灣地區生產要素所得分配問題。 　　四、針對不同規模報酬狀態的都市，有以下幾點都市發展建議: 　　　1.面對處於遞減規模報酬狀態的都市，應透過階層的提高，吸引各種經濟活動的進入，以提昇其生產力。 　　　2.面對處於固定規模報酬狀態的都市，應減少政府干預政策。 　　　3.面對處於遞增規模報酬狀態的都市，應避免外部不經濟的產生。 / The advantages of large urban areas, such as high degree agglomeration economy、high production, attract the entrance of population and industries. Thar will result in the disadvantage of the small city. How does the goverment play? The purpose of this study is to discuss the relationship between urban size and urban area production. Further more, I would like to give some suggestions about urban development policy. 　　In this study, I uses Alonso's and Mills's urban model to discuss what kind of factor will effect urban size and production. Next, I judge urban production through the returns of scale of different urban hierarchy, and use the translog production and the share functions of capital and labour to discuss the income distribution offactors. 　　According to the result of this study, we have several solutions: 　　1.External factor will effect the change of urban size and urban production. 　　2.According to the continuous hierarchy, there is a positive relationship between urban size and urban production. 　　3.Because of data, we can't discuss the income distribution of factor in Taiwan. 　　4.Regarding urban development policies: 　　　(1) when urban area exhibits DRS, it is necessary to move up the hierarchy for continuing urban growth. 　　　(2) when urban area exhibits CRS, goverment should not interrept urban development. 　　　(3) when urban area exhibits IRS, goverment should not generate external diseconomy.