加盟制度在過去三十年有越來越多的學術文章討論，本論文針對美國標準產業分類碼為5812的零售餐飲業進行分析，探討加盟連鎖的企業財務績效指標是否優於未進行連鎖加盟的企業，本論文延伸Madanoglu, Lee and Castrogiovanni （2011）的研究，利用夏普比率（Sharpe Ratio）、崔納比率（Treynor Ratio）、簡森比率（Jensen Ratio）、索丁諾比率（Sortino Ratio）以及上行潛力比率（Upside Potential Ratio）作為風險調整後的財務績效指標，比較加盟餐飲連鎖公司與非加盟連鎖公司的財務績效指標表現的差異，結果顯示在夏普比率及崔諾比率方面，加盟公司表現並沒有顯著優於非加盟公司；而簡森比率、索丁諾比率及上行潛力比率加盟公司表現則顯著優於非加盟公司，整體而言，本文發現加盟公司在零售餐飲業中確實有較佳的財務績效表現，也解釋了為何加盟連鎖制度有越來越興盛的趨勢。 / There are more and more researches studied about franchising. This paper focuses on the retailed restaurants industry which are sorted by SIC codes as 5812. We are trying to figure out whether franchising retailed restaurants’ financial performance outperform non-franchising firms in the same industry. Following Madanoglu, Lee and Castrogiovanni （2011）, I use five financial measurements: Sharpe Ratio, Treynor Ratio, Jensen Ratio, Sortino Ratio and Upside Potential Ratio as financial performance of sample firms. The results show that the performances of franchising firms are insignificant different from that of non-franchising firms based on Sharpe ratio and Treynor ratios, but results based on Jensen ratio, Sortino ratio and Upside Potential ratio show that franchising firms perform better. Overall, it is seen that franchising firms outperform non-franchising firms in the retailed restaurants industry, which explained why franchising is getting more and more popular.

隨著時代潮流而蓬勃發展的餐飲業，很自然地成為人類生存極重要的行業。隨著人類文明社會的變遷、日益改變的生活型態、便利的交通，餐飲業呈現了空前的發展。由於市場上各式各樣的餐廳崛起之後，而又快速的消失，實令人不勝唏噓，也為日後餐飲業在管理上埋下無限的危機。 不同餐飲業者之間相互競爭，商品在短期間內很快被模仿，且在無法取得專利的情況下，業者必需藉由提升餐飲的服務品質，來滿足顧客的需求，但如果能發展一套較具競爭力的經營模式，將可以建立自己的不易被模仿的競爭優勢。本研究主要在針對國際連鎖速食業經營模式之研究，闡述其相關之研究背景、研究動機、研究目的及研究步驟。

本文探討美國的連鎖業者開放特許加盟經營傾向的因素，以及連鎖店傾向以加盟為擴大規模之因素。研究發現許多連鎖業特性影響連鎖業企業家決定開放加盟的決策。本實證研究橫跨汽車，食品，酒店及汽車旅館，零售和服務行業共969筆加盟店品牌資料。實證結果發現，開放連鎖加盟的傾向與加盟店的決定開放之決策速度呈負相關並與加盟金及國際化呈現正相關關係。此外，我們在研究產業層次模型中發現，汽車行業的加盟傾向決定因子和其他行業的有所區別。 / This paper examines the factors of franchising tendency of U.S. franchise chain and investigate why some chains are more likely to expand chain scale by franchising. I explore why and how several characteristics of franchised chains influence entrepreneurs franchising decision. This study includes 969 franchise chains in automotive, food, hotel and motels, retail and service industry. Empirical results show that franchising tendency is negatively related to franchise speed and franchise chain performance, whereas franchise fee and internationalize have positive impact on franchising tendency. Furthermore, we examine the models in industrial level and find that the determinants of automotive industry’s franchising tendency are difference from other industries.

對企業競爭力問題的研究一直是一個熱門的話題，但是對牙醫連鎖企業競爭力問題的研究文獻還是很少。究其原因如下：牙醫連鎖業是一個專門性很強的行業，其服務過程、市場特徵和產品特性有許多不同於一般性製造業和商業的地方。許多研究競爭力問題的文獻大多熱衷於一些重要的產業或帶共同性多一些的產業的企業競爭力問題的研究。 本文以連鎖企業管理、核心競爭力理論、價值鏈理論為基本的分析基礎，對牙醫連鎖企業的經營環境和經營現狀作深入研究，探討個案牙醫連鎖企業的競爭力狀況、構成要素、影響因素；對牙醫連鎖企業的價值鏈做深入分析，提出建立基於價值鏈的牙醫連鎖企業的核心競爭力體系的基本觀念和提升其核心競爭力的途徑和方法。

在現今通路主導權已轉移至消費者的情況下，近年「顧客關係管理」為許多企業所重視的管理議題。書店雖然屬於零售業，不同的是顧客非常個性化，閱讀偏好不同，書種複雜度更勝於便利商店或量販店。曾經改造購書環境以吸引消費者來店購書，並「抓住焦點話題，利用媒體助瀾，成功行銷帶動閱讀風潮」，而引發第一次店銷通路革命的連鎖書店，在Amazon網路書店經營模式的刺激之下如何回應？連鎖書店應該如何開發顧客關係這項現代企業的重要資產？這是本研究之動機所在。 本研究之目的，透過產業經營環境的變化分析，以了解發展顧客關係對連鎖書店的重要性；並以個案書店為台灣的連鎖書店代表，了解現在業者的發展狀況與所規劃作法，嘗試對連鎖書店應如何與其顧客發展適當關係提出相關建議。為達成前述的研究目的，茲提出下列四個具體的研究問題： （一）連鎖書店如何吸引顧客，並獲得顧客的滿意？ （二）影響連鎖書店實施顧客關係管理之重要因素為何？ （三）連鎖書店建置CRM系統之優先發展重點與預期目標為何？ （四）連鎖書店以何種方式增強與顧客之間的關係？ 本研究屬於探索性研究，採取個案研究方式進行。依據研究動機、問題與目的，本研究從了解產業經營環境著手，並在台灣各家連鎖書店之中，選定具有創意且資本額最大的個案書店為研究對象，以瞭解連鎖書店對實施顧客關係管理之考量因素、與實施過程各項重要作法，經過相關文獻搜索、實際觀察與深入訪談，歸納整理得出下列之結論。 連鎖書店原以較佳的立地條件，提供寬敞舒適的賣場，方便顧客來店流覽選購，並以大量陳列圖書雜誌與文具等多樣化的產品組合、複合式經營方式，吸引顧客來店並滿足其消費感受。個案書店對那些將逛書店視為休閒活動、重視賣場機能與氛圍的顧客而言，可稱為成功典範。 個案書店依其顧客意見調查結果、各項商品的銷售紀錄與會員族群屬性分析，適時調整商品結構、行銷活動與企業營運作業流程，讓所提供的商品組合與服務，更能符合顧客的需求。包括個案書店在內的大型連鎖書店，近年積極展店，且陸續設置網路書店與物流體制，兩者均為了加強對顧客服務的便利性與速度。 書店經營環境趨勢顯示近年來消費者對於書籍的選擇、購書地點與交易方式，擁有更多的選擇與更高的自主權，也就是顧客對書店之忠誠度因而下降。讓連鎖書店開始重視如何提高原有顧客的回店購買率、而採行差異化行銷策略。除此外，其他影響個案書店實施顧客關係管理的重要因素，還包括：第一、同業競爭導致連鎖書店的威脅程度增強。第二、當組織規模發展到相當程度，且以集團型態運作時，需要藉助資訊科技提昇內部溝通協調效率。第三、高階主管的認知與態度決定導入之積極度。 個案書店先建置ERP資訊系統及線上分析技術以為基礎建設，其發展CRM時優先考慮建置資料倉儲與資料探勘。其導入CRM系統之目的欲藉助資訊科技進行資料庫分析，增強各店商品即時管理的能力，並提供個人化推薦圖書服務。 個案書店與其他連鎖書店相同，結合顧客關係的方式係以折扣誘因為主。但是經分析其現行實務，發現個案書店雖設置網路書店，尚未能善用資訊科技與調整組織作業流程，建構以顧客為核心，整合不同銷售通路，提供創新性與便利性的服務。

台灣茶由來已久，茶葉在滿清時期及日據時期，是主要的外銷物產，然而台茶由外銷轉內需的關鍵年代為一九八○年代，近二十年來已急速地轉成製造包種茶、烏龍茶供應內需。一九八二年，島內飲茶風氣盛行，當時中產階級時興以小壺泡「老人茶」消遣，因此茶藝館就如雨後春筍般出現，一九八三年，台中新式連鎖茶藝館「春水堂」首創冰茶飲法，其宣稱首創的珍珠奶茶更是歷久不衰，成功的將客群拓展到二十至三十歲的年輕人，因為消費不高又提供場地提供聚會、聊天、或讀書，因此多為學生族群青睞，自此之後，類似的茶飲料店紛紛出現。 於是本研究希望透過所選擇之三家新式連鎖茶館，了解其事業模式創新之建立與評估事業模式創新的意義，希望研究成果可供其他新式連鎖茶館作為創新模範，用作未來發展改進的參考。 本研究以翰林茶館、天仁喫茶趣、陽羨春水堂三家現代連鎖茶館為研究對象，根據深入訪談與直接觀察，來分析與評估個案茶館的事業模式創新。從創新機會中的外部環境變項、組織領導人特性變項、以及組織特性變項，了解過去茶館的發展對其事業模式在核心策略、策略性資源、顧客介面、價值網絡之創新影響，歸納整理兩者之因果關係，本研究之研究問題：  在新式連鎖茶館的事業模式創新中，創新的因素與機會對事業模式創新的影響兩者關係為何？  比較個案茶館的經營結果，評估事業模式是否具有創造財富的潛力？ 個案研究顯示，翰林茶館、天仁喫茶趣、陽羨春水堂之事業模式創新皆與其創新機會和因素息息相關，並且其事業模式創新的確能為新式連鎖茶館帶來財富。

隨著國際間面臨的經濟轉型及全球化競爭，台灣的經濟產業結構也隨之改變，未來商業與服務業將是國家重要的經濟發展方向。連鎖加盟業更是台灣從農業、加工出口業邁向以服務業為主的潮流重心。本次研究之目的在於(一)了解台灣連鎖加盟業之現況。(二)了解台灣連鎖加盟業中教育訓練當前之發展特性及其成效。(三)分析不同加盟業種下之教育訓練制度現況。(四)探討台灣連鎖加盟體系中教育訓練種類、組織、方法、執行程序等與為企業帶來成效之關聯性。 在此次研究中，整體分析主要牽涉到五個主要構面，包含連鎖加盟體系特性、教育訓練組織健全性、教育訓練執行程序完整性、企業對教育訓練重視程度以及教育訓練成效。採用敘述統計、變異數分析、相關分析以及迴歸分析等統計方法各自去探討五個構面間的交叉關係。本研究的主要構面間都呈現蠻高的正相關，顯示這些構面如教育訓練組織的健全性與執行完整性，以及企業對其重視程度，還有後續員工反應以及企業整體成效之間，都是相輔相成的狀態。亦即當連鎖加盟體系對教育訓練的投注面及重視面較高時，則相對應的產出面也會較好。 連鎖體系投入大量資源進行教育訓練，無非是希望員工能成長，並進一步對企業的績效有所助益，因此會對於教育訓練的成效進行謹慎的評估，所以評估的範圍及方法並非侷限於少數種類，最後該訓練成效評估除了作為員工自身升遷參考外，亦會與人力資源發展策略結合，成為日後企業在人力上決策的依據，以發揮教育訓練的最大功效。 / As the need of economical transformation and the global competition emerge internationally, the economical structure of Taiwan is therefore changed as well which makes the commerce and service industry become the main stream of the economical development. The goal of this research is for the followings: 1. Present situation investigation of the chain store and franchise industry in Taiwan, 2. Present features’ study of the development and the effects of educational trainings, 3. Analysis of the present scheme of the educational training, 4. Discussion on the relations among effects of educational training which evaluated under different classifications, organizations, methodologies and execution process. In this research, our analysis is involved in 5 major aspects, including the features of the chain store and franchise system, the integrity of the educational training organizations, the completeness of the educational training process execution, the importance and the effects of educational training. We have adopted numerous statistical methodologies such as descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, correlation analysis and regression analysis respectively to discuss the intersect relation among these 5 aspects. Those issues studied in this research have shown relatively high positive correlation which indicates complementary relation among, for example, the integrity of the educational training organization, the completeness of the execution process, and the emphasis the companies have paid, the follow-up feedback of the employees and the overall effects the company have received. That is to say, the more concentration the system willing to dedicate to the training, the better corresponding throughput they are going to obtain. The purpose of the franchise system’s massive investment in educational training is in the hope of the maturity of their employees which will further benefit the company, so they will give careful evaluation to the outcome of the training. Therefore the range and the way of estimation are unlikely limited in just a few dimensions. At the end, except for being taken as the references for promotion, the evaluation of the training’s outcomes will also be combined with strategies for human resource development so as to support the company’s future decision making and thus lead to the maximal feedback to the company.

No description available.

隨著產業及社會的轉型，服務業的國際化是台灣未來重要的成長能量，其中餐飲業又是這塊土地引以為傲的軟實力。一方面由於高生活水平及歷史地理因素培養出本產業的國際競爭力，一方面小市場的台灣發展空間有限，這些都是促成這股趨勢的主被動因素。在商機的推動下，學術研究的對象與空間亦具高度吸引力及價值。 本研究以個案研究法針對國內在海外發展有相當成就的代表業者進行訪談跟分析，探索在進入模式、速度、區域及生產調整上的實際行為及成因。分析認為母市場的大小影響資源累積，原有累績資源較小及文化因素則會影響業者以高低控制程度增減當地合作對象參與度的策略。而合作對象的國際化資源對於母企業是為一條更快及更廣的國際化捷徑。最後，隨國際運輸技術的成熟，生產上多傾向減少當地作業及增加運輸品項來降低成本及維護品質，但常受限於產品先天製造因素，改變空間有限。

The promoters propose to establish a new brand of beverage chain in the Indian sub-continent, which as of now is an alien idea to ninety nine percent of population in this region. We aim to take advantage of the newly opened, one of the fastest growing economy. More than 250 million middle class household and penetrating fast food culture in this region makes it a lucrative prospect. Country, where the beverage selling sector is still predominantly unorganized and consists of local vendors and juice stalls, also sees success stories with chains like the Mc Donalds, Café Coffee Day and Barista. We have developed a business model keeping in mind the purchasing capacity of mass consumer, international appeal of Asia and West to consumers, need for hygiene standards and operations of organized retail chain. We will be providing the missing link of innovative, freshly prepared ready to drink, take away concept. Our collaborative team consists of entrepreneurs of Indian and Overseas Chinese origin, who understand the potential of already super successful business model of bubble tea business in Taiwan and China. The team worked to modify the business model to suit the local flavor of the Indian sub-continent and achieve economies of scale to make it commercially viable. Not just the bubble milk tea, company aims to provide many more missing value propositions from the market such as affordable take away concept (with colorful plastic glasses, heat sealed to prevent any kind of spillage by our specially imported machine from China), Innovative mock tails, introducing green tea culture in India, provide health alternative to carbonated drinks, provide hygienic alternative to local juice stalls, provide kids friendly drinks to kids. This business model is a huge success in the far eastern countries and has been successfully implemented in USA and Western Europe. International companies like the Chatime have so far opened 4 retail stores in India but they mainly target upscale locations and are offered at premium prices. Their launch gives us the confidence that this concept has been well received by Indian customers and we can successfully market it in mass market. Plan proposes to start from one kiosk in the National Capital Region of the India with aim to open a second one by the start of summer 2014. By that time team aims to have learnt from all the teething problems and to manage all the procurement from Indian suppliers. We then aim to move in to our next major plan of franchising to different business partners across India. Our final expansion plan will be implemented in year 2015 to cover all the other 6 countries of Indian sub-continent like Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Maldives, Nepal and Bhutan. The initial investment and working capital to start the business shop is estimated to be approximately USD 36,500 which will be funded by owners’ capital and bank loan. The Chill Factor Cafe has a positive NVP of USD 637,128 which indicates that project is significantly profitable and has a huge chance of expansion across the Indian sub-continent.