Bakgrund: Antalet flyktingar har ökat och hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal beskriver erfarenheter av bristande förtroende, kommunikationssvårigheter och kulturers påverkan i möten med patienter. Tidigare forskning beskriver hälso- och sjukvårdspersonals erfarenheter av möten med patienter med flyktingbakgrund, dock behöver även patienternas erfarenheter belysas. Förhoppningsvis kan inhämtad kunskap från patientperspektivet underlätta vårdandet. Metod: En beskrivande systematisk litteraturstudie utifrån 12 vårdvetenskapliga artiklar har analyserats enligt Evans (2002) analysmodell. Syfte: Syftet är att beskriva erfarenheter av möten mellan patienter med flyktingbakgrund och hälso- och sjukvården i det nya landet. Resultat: Ur analysen framkom tre teman; Otillräcklig vård, Svårigheter i kommunikationen och Hälso- och sjukvårdspersonals attityder. Otillräcklig vård innefattade ett ovetande om hur hälso- och sjukvården i det nya landet fungerade och att patienternas förväntningar på vården inte alltid uppfylldes. Patienterna erfor svårigheter i kommunikationen i relation till att förstå, förklara och en rädsla över vad som kunde förmedlas. Därtill erfor patienterna att hälso- och sjukvårdspersonals attityder varierade. Slutsats: Patienterna erfor huvudsakligen bristfälliga möten med hälso- och sjukvården. Ett gott möte grundades i att hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal visade respekt, intresse och empati för patienterna.

<p>Validerat; 20101217 (root)</p>

<p>The thesis examines the international refugee protection system in order to discover whether or not the system constitutes an international regime, as defined by international relations literature. To do so, it formulates a theoretical framework combining neoliberal and constructivist approaches to regime theory. It closely examines the legal documents that provide the normative and procedural framework of the protection system (such as the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, various regional agreements, as well as certain human rights documents) and discusses the legal, political, and moral obligation that these documents instill upon the member states of the protection system. It evaluates the principles, norms, rules, and decision- making procedures provided by the system, and compares them to the necessary criteria of an international regime in neoliberal theory. The purpose of trying to discover whether the refugee system constitutes an international regime is to show that if it is a regime, states are no longer afforded the full freedom of action and decision-making under the doctrine of sovereignty and that they have a certain level of obligation to abide by regime rules and help in the upkeep of the regime. After showing that the system constitutes a ‘strong promotional’ international regime, it discusses the importance of the regime within the international state system. It evaluates how it brings about cooperation and increasedstability within the regime, and lowers the costs of bargaining in order to bring about mutual gains for regime members. The thesis then examines the pre- and post-entry restrictive measures used by countries and attempts to prove whether or not the use of the measures constitutes a change in, or of, the regime, or a potential weakening of the regime. The thesis concludes that while the refugee regime itself is not changing, there is increasing incoherence between the proscribed behaviour of the regime and state action, which translates into a weakening of the regime. The regime analysis discusses the role the refugee protection regime plays within the international system as a whole and how this role is evolving through the use of restrictive measures.</p>

The thesis examines the international refugee protection system in order to discover whether or not the system constitutes an international regime, as defined by international relations literature. To do so, it formulates a theoretical framework combining neoliberal and constructivist approaches to regime theory. It closely examines the legal documents that provide the normative and procedural framework of the protection system (such as the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, various regional agreements, as well as certain human rights documents) and discusses the legal, political, and moral obligation that these documents instill upon the member states of the protection system. It evaluates the principles, norms, rules, and decision- making procedures provided by the system, and compares them to the necessary criteria of an international regime in neoliberal theory. The purpose of trying to discover whether the refugee system constitutes an international regime is to show that if it is a regime, states are no longer afforded the full freedom of action and decision-making under the doctrine of sovereignty and that they have a certain level of obligation to abide by regime rules and help in the upkeep of the regime. After showing that the system constitutes a ‘strong promotional’ international regime, it discusses the importance of the regime within the international state system. It evaluates how it brings about cooperation and increasedstability within the regime, and lowers the costs of bargaining in order to bring about mutual gains for regime members. The thesis then examines the pre- and post-entry restrictive measures used by countries and attempts to prove whether or not the use of the measures constitutes a change in, or of, the regime, or a potential weakening of the regime. The thesis concludes that while the refugee regime itself is not changing, there is increasing incoherence between the proscribed behaviour of the regime and state action, which translates into a weakening of the regime. The regime analysis discusses the role the refugee protection regime plays within the international system as a whole and how this role is evolving through the use of restrictive measures.

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The increase in right wing populist parties in Europe combined with the sudden influx of asylum applicants has given rise to the debate regarding immigration both politically and within research. This paper sets out to examine the relation between asylum seeker group size and people’s attitudes towards immigration. Based on group threat theory and ethnic competition theory we hypothesize that countries´ increases in asylum seekers is correlated with decreases in attitudinal support for immigration. We test this hypothesis using cross- national time series survey data from the Eurobarometer from 2014 to 2017 and conducting a multilevel analysis. Despite the extensive theoretical arguments that strengthen the hypothesis, we find no evidence that the group size of asylum seekers is related to attitudes towards immigration from outside EU.

Magister Legum - LLM / South Africa

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