La plupart des problématiques évoquées en esthétique au XXIe siècle tournent autour de la question du personnage de fiction. Dans ce cadre, cette étude essaie d'examiner comment les stratégies esthétiques et la poétique de la réception sont liées, à travers l'œuvre d'un auteur autrichien, Stefan Zweig, qui écrivit non seulement un grand nombre de récits fictionnels (essentiellement des nouvelles et romans), mais également des essais historiques et géographiques. Sa poétique du récit construit des situations de communication, comme le récit enchâssé, dans lesquelles le lecteur est invité à s'impliquer, face à un personnage dont les propres mots forment la seule version des faits racontés dans la fiction. Dans le même ordre d'idée, les personnages, qu'il soient héros de fiction ou de biographie, sont souvent placés dans une situation de crise, qui à la fois révèle une destinée intérieure et se présente comme une conséquence inéluctable de leurs actes. Tous les éléments de leur vie et de leur personnalité convergent donc, et s'expliquent les uns les autres, comme si les personnages de Zweig devenaient des êtres totalement cohérents. En conclusion, il semblerait que les personnages de biographie s'inscrivent dans les problématiques touchant également la fiction, et même qu'ils appartiennent à la catégorie des personnages de fiction ; il sera donc productif de leur appliquer les outils de la critique narrative, par exemple en ce qui concerne la perspective du lecteur et les mécanismes affectifs de projection. / Most of the aesthetics questions of the XXIst century are focalised on the issue of fictional character. In this frame, this study try to examine how aesthetical strategies and poetics of reception are connected through the case of an austrian author, Stefan Zweig, who wrote not only a lot of fictional narratives (essentially short stories and novels), but also historical and geographical essays.His narrative poetic draw situations of communication, like framed narrative, in which the reader is invited to implicate himself, face to a character whose words are the only one version of fictional facts. In the same order of ideas, characters, in fiction or in biographies, are often placed in a critical situation, that reveals in the same time an inner destiny and unaffordable consequence of the way they act. So all elements of life and personnality are convergent, and can explain each other, as if Zweig's characters were totally coherent beings. To conclude, it appears that biographical characters have fictional problematics, and more, they belong to the category of fictional characters ; consequently, it is productive to apply to it the tools of narrative critic, for instance in the perspective of reader and affectives mecanisms of projection.

Einleitung: Wachstumsprozesse beim gesunden Menschen sind weitgehend untersucht und bekannt. Über die Auswirkungen von stark erniedrigtem bzw. fehlendem Wachstumshormon auf das Längen- und Breitenwachstum einzelner auxiologischer Parameter und die Folgen einer Wachstumshormonsubstitutionstherapie auf die Körperproportionen im Einzelnen weiß man außer den Kenntnissen über die Körperhöhenveränderungen wenig. Fragestellung: Ziel dieser Arbeit war die auxiologische Untersuchung von Kindern mit Wachstumshormonmangel vor und unter einer Substitutionstherapie mit Wachstumshormon. im Vordergrund stand die Erkennung bestimmter auxiologischer Muster vor und die Frage nach Veränderungen der Körperproportionen unter der Therapie. Methode: Grundlage der Daten sind 62 Kinder mit idiopathischem und 20 Kindern mit organischem Wachtumshormonmangel, bei denen über einen maximalen Zeitraum von fünf Jahren halbjährlich 22 verschiedene Parameter vermessen und drei weitere berechnet worden sind. Ergebnisse: Die phänotypischen Merkmale des hypophysären Kleinwuchses vor Substitutionsbeginn (Puppengesicht, Akromikrie, pyknomorpher Körperbau) sind Ausdruck bestimmter auxiologischer Konstellationen, die Längenparameter weichen signifikant stärker als die Breitenparameter vom Altersnormwert ab. In Abhängigkeit von der Therapiedauer kommt es durch unterschiedlich stark ausgeprägte Größenzuwachsraten im Verhältnis zum Längenwachstum insbesondere bei der Unterarmlänge, den Breiten- und Tiefenmaßen des Thorax und den Kopfmaßen zu Veränderungen der Körperproportionen. In der Regel verbessern sich die Ausgangsproportionen. Der relative Körperfettgehalt, sowie die Umfänge (Brust-, Taillen- und Hüftumfang) nehmen unter der Therapie in Relation zur Körperhöhe ab. Schlussfolgerung: Anhand der vorliegenden Daten wird gezeigt, dass die Substitutionstherapie mit Wachstumshormon beim hypophysären Kleinwuchs Auswirkungen auf das Längen- und Breitenwachstum einzelner auxiologischer Parameter hat und sich von physiologischem Wachstum unterscheidet. Für die Bestätigung unserer Beobachtungen sind weitere prospektive Untersuchungen in größeren Kollektiven notwendig. / Introduction: Processes of growth in healthy children are well established. However, little is known about the effects of strongly degraded or missing growth hormone on the lengths and breadths growth of single axiological parameters. In particular, changes of body proportions under hormone replacement therapy are not known. Objective: The aim of the study was to estimate the influence of growth hormone deficiency of single axiological parameters and changes in body proportions during replacement therapy with growth hormone. Patients/Material and Methods: Subjects studied include 62 children with idiopathic growth hormone deficiency and 20 children with organic reason of growth hormone deficiency. 22 anthropometric measurements per person were taken by the same trained examiner prior to the start of GH-treatment and then every six months over a maximal period of 5 years. Results: Results give a distinct anthropometric picture before start of therapy. All linear parameters were significantly below average, while width measurements differed less. During treatment changes of the body proportions occur due to different growth rates of measured distances compared to height growth. The most positive changes were seen in the upper arm, hand and feet growth under GH-therapy. A comparable low growth was seen in forearm length, chest width and depth and head measures. The growth dynamics of the other parameters correspond to that of height itself. Conclusion: It is shown that the replacement therapy with growth hormone has different effects on the length and width growth of different bones. The growth is different from physiological growth processes in patient with growth hormone deficiency. Further prospective examinations are necessary to confirm our observations in larger collectives.

O presente trabalho faz análise da hermenêutica jurídica entre o positivismo e pós-positivismo a fim de apresentar como produto o método jurídico axiológico enquanto nova forma de conhecimento científico a ser empregado no Direito Civil. Para sua formulação, foi preciso percorrer o pensamento positivista, que ganhou força pela simplificação que promoveu ao Direito, e também a corrente pós-positivista, alicerçada em interpretações valorativas que terminam por refinar uma hermenêutica reflexiva sobre ideias de justiça. O Direito assume roupagem funcional e a proposta de sociedade aberta é incorporada para permear edificação jurídica ajustada à realidade social. A teleologia desta conjugação é afastar a pura e simples aplicação lógico-dedutiva para buscar uma nova racionalidade afinada com a ideia de tutela material e concretizadora de direitos. Neste diapasão, é que o enredo dialógico da “sociedade aberta” possibilita a edificação de um Direito Civil comunicativo com outras fontes. Porém, teorias como a do diálogo das fontes e da hermenêutica heterorreflexiva foram apontadas, porém criticadas, ou por insuficiência de conteúdo, ou porque promoviam retorno aos construtos do modelo positivista. A interpretação do Código Civil, a partir do método jurídico axiológico, prima pela mensuração entre a justiça pretendida e a segurança necessária, tarefa que parte do conteúdo da norma-padrão, cujo ensaio formador se passa entre o raio de ação dos três “Entes comunicantes”: Sociedade, Estado e Direito e que permeia a construção do normativismo, que corresponde a um todo interpretativo de caráter transdisciplinar. O método jurídico axiológico visa a construção valorativa do pensamento arrimado nos reflexos que podem surtir para os particulares e para a sociedade. Difere do juízo de equidade por ser operacional e por não se debruçar sobre a justiça no plano abstrato. Seu arremate, assim, se processa quando faz a conjugação dos juízos de valor e de realidade (juízos de adequação), cuja concretude pode ser vislumbrada diante da análise de situações factuais e hipotéticas, nas quais o método pode ser contextualizado. / The present work analyzes the juridical hermeneutics between positivism and post-positivism in order to present as product the axiological juridical method as new form of scientific knowledge to be used in civil law. For its formulation, it was necessary to go through the positivist thought, which gained strength by the simplification it promoted to the law, as well as the post-positivist current, grounded on evaluative interpretations that end up refining a reflective hermeneutics on ideas of justice. The law assumes functional drapery and the proposal of open society is incorporated to permeate juridical edification adjusted to social reality. The teleology of this conjugation is to withdraw the simple logical-deductive application to seek a new rationality in tune with the idea of material protection and concretizing rights. This diapason is where the dialogical plot of the "open society" enables the building of a civil law that is communicative with other sources. However, theories like the dialogue of sources and hetero-reflexive hermeneutics were pointed, but criticized, whether by lack of content, or because they promoted regress to the constructs of the positivist model. The interpretation of the Civil Code, from the axiological juridical method, values and chases the measurement between the desired justice and the necessary security, task which parts from the standard norm content, which forming essay passes between the action radius of the three "Communicating Entities": Society, State and Law and that permeates the construction of the normativism, which corresponds to an all interpretive transdisciplinary character. The axiological juridical method aims the evaluative construction of thought supported on the reflexes that can bear fruit for individuals and for society. Differs from judgment of equity by being operational and not dwelling on justice on abstract plan. Thus, its tailpiece is processed when it does the conjugation of judgments of value and reality (judgments of adequacy), which its concreteness can be perceived in face of the analysis of factual and hypothetical situations, where the method can be contextualized.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-27T14:21:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MARGARETH RIBEIRO MACHADO SANTOS SILVA.pdf: 874151 bytes, checksum: f1ff6c0afe3ba6f3f13fedd0302ab9a0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-11-27 / The present study has inquired about the relationship between the satisfaction and dissatisfaction of the axiological priorities and the health and wellness in the job. It was assured that the impossibility of accomplishment of the job values is related to the mental illnesses of the workers, and this relation is moderated by the age and the hierarchical level. It took part in this study, 220 workers from a mixed economy enterprise, the general health questionnaire (GHQ) and the scale of values related to work (EVT). The results confirmed that there is a moderated effect of the age over the relationship between dissatisfaction of the prestige values and mistrust towards the own performance and the psichological stress. It has been recognized differents levels of work satisfaction values, according to the age, the hierarchical level and job tenure. It hasn t been found differences according to the education and to the gender. The dissatisfation of the accomplishment was related to sintomatic scores in all the items of the GHQ: psychological stress, disturbance in the sleep, insecurity about the own performance, psycossomatic disease, desire of death and health in general. As a matter of fact, the perstige dissatisfaction is related to the mistrust towards the own performance and the desire of death. Theses results are discussed according to a theoretical report about values and mental health at work, and considering the sample characteristics and the enterprise which the data were collected. / O presente estudo investigou a relação entre (in)satisfação das prioridades axiológicas e saúde-doença mental no trabalho. Considerou que a impossibilidade de realização dos valores relativos ao trabalho está relacionada ao adoecimento mental de trabalhadores, e que tal relação é moderada pela idade e nível hierárquico. Participaram do estudo 220 empregados de uma organização de economia mista. Foram utilizados o questionário de saúde geral (QSG), de Goldberg e a escala de valores relativos ao trabalho (EVT). Os resultados confirmaram o efeito moderacional da idade, sobre a relação entre insatisfação do valor prestígio e desconfiança no tocante ao próprio desempenho e o estresse psíquico. Foram identificados diferentes níveis de satisfação dos valores laborais, conforme a idade, o nível hierárquico e o tempo de serviço na organização. Não foram encontradas diferenças segundo o gênero e a escolaridade. A insatisfação do valor realização relacionou-se com escores sintomáticos em todos os fatores do QSG: estresse psíquico, transtornos psicossomáticos, distúrbios do sono, desconfiança em relação ao próprio desempenho, desejo de morte e saúde geral. Também a insatisfação do valor prestígio relacionou-se diretamente com desconfiança no tocante ao próprio desempenho e desejo de morte. Os resultados foram discutidos à luz de referencial teórico sobre valores e saúde mental no trabalho, considerando características da amostra e da organização em que os dados foram obtidos.

Submitted by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2018-05-25T12:55:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 SimoneLealSouzaCoiteTese2017.pdf: 2869377 bytes, checksum: a8f4a61f3d27dfdf09545d8fcd5d1f3a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2018-05-25T12:56:21Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 SimoneLealSouzaCoiteTese2017.pdf: 2869377 bytes, checksum: a8f4a61f3d27dfdf09545d8fcd5d1f3a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-25T12:56:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SimoneLealSouzaCoiteTese2017.pdf: 2869377 bytes, checksum: a8f4a61f3d27dfdf09545d8fcd5d1f3a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-31 / This study set out to analyze the development of the axiological dimension as a component of the initial process of teacher education. The investigative problem for the thesis was ???How the development of the axiological dimension takes place in the initial process of teacher education???. The values embedded in the concepts adopted by future educators are considered to be particularly inspiring for the organization and functioning of actions undertaken in the school environment in all its amplitude and complexity. The literature review focused on three topics: the Information Society and the Knowledge and Learning Society: 21st century challenges; Education and axiological issues in contemporary society; and The Contemporary University: functions and prospects. The research was of an exploratory and qualitative nature and data were generated using documental analysis, semi-structured interviews and a questionnaire. Outstanding among the documents selected for analysis were the Pedagogical Plan for the Pedagogy Course, (Projeto Pedag??gico do Curso de Pedagogia), the National Guidelines for the Pedagogy Course (Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais do Curso de Pedagogia) and Curricular Guidelines for Higher and Lifelong Education of Basic Education Professionals (Diretrizes Curriculares para forma????o em n??vel superior e forma????o continuada dos Profissionais da Educa????o B??sica). Seven university teachers and thirty students from a public university in the west of the state of Bahia took part in the research. The data gathered was submitted to content analysis. Results showed that both teachers and students considered the axiological aspect of the initial part of teacher education to be important, given the need to provide an education based on those ethical principles, values and attitudes that are of fundamental importance for the development of professional teaching qualities. Fostering values-orientated education will lead to a human, ethical, dialogical and responsible qualification. The interviewees selected responsibility, respect, honesty, liberty, ethics, affectivity, humility, sincerity, propensity for dialogue, self-awareness and awareness of the other as being the most important values. They identified a reflective attitude, autonomy, the articulation of theory and practice, professional, social and ethical responsibility, knowing how to do and how to be, affectivity and motivation as being the set of most important values along with others related to the development of moral and ethical awareness. One important aspect that emerged was that the study made it possible to draw inferences regarding the significance and meaning the interviewees attributed to teacher education insofar as they perceived the academic environment as being a place that should endeavor to develop a critical awareness, the skill of attentive listening to others and powers of observation. The research concluded with some provisional considerations, weaving a web of formative aspects configuring a context impregnated with interactive strands connected by the human element, the need to learn how to learn and the need to learn to be a more humane teacher, sufficiently sensitive to comprehend the human condition. / O prop??sito deste estudo foi analisar, no processo de forma????o inicial do professor, o desenvolvimento da dimens??o axiol??gica como componente dessa forma????o. Esta tese tem como problema investigativo ???Como se d?? o desenvolvimento da dimens??o axiol??gica na forma????o inicial do professor???. Considera-se que os valores contidos nas concep????es adotadas pelo futuro educador s??o particularmente inspiradores para a organiza????o e o funcionamento das a????es desenvolvidas, no ??mbito escolar, em toda a amplitude e complexidade. A revis??o de literatura abordou tr??s t??picos: Sociedade da informa????o, sociedade do conhecimento e da aprendizagem: desafios do s??culo XXI; Educa????o e as quest??es axiol??gicas na sociedade contempor??nea e A universidade contempor??nea: fun????es e perspectivas. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa, de car??ter explorat??rio. Para gera????o dos dados foram utilizadas as seguintes t??cnicas e instrumentos: an??lise documental, entrevista semiestruturada e question??rio. Dentre os documentos selecionados para an??lise destacaram-se o Projeto Pedag??gico do Curso de Pedagogia, as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais do Curso de Pedagogia e as Diretrizes Curriculares para forma????o em n??vel superior e forma????o continuada dos Profissionais da Educa????o B??sica. Participaram da pesquisa sete professores e trinta estudantes, de uma universidade p??blica, situada na Regi??o Oeste da Bahia, no Munic??pio de Barreiras. Os dados gerados foram submetidos ?? an??lise de conte??do. Os resultados evidenciaram que os estudantes e os professores atribuem import??ncia ?? dimens??o axiol??gica na forma????o inicial do professor devido ?? necessidade de se promover uma forma????o baseada em princ??pios ??ticos, valores e atitudes fundamentais para o desenvolvimento profissional docente. A promo????o da educa????o para os valores resultar?? na forma????o humana, ??tica, dial??gica e respons??vel. Os entrevistados indicaram como conjunto de valores mais importantes, em particular: a responsabilidade, o respeito, a honestidade, a justi??a, a liberdade, a ??tica, a afetividade, a humildade, a sinceridade, o di??logo e a consci??ncia de si e do outro. Indicaram como necess??rios, para a constru????o da identidade docente, a atitude reflexiva e a autonomia, a articula????o entre teoria e pr??tica, a responsabilidade profissional, social e ??tica, o saber fazer e o saber ser, a afetividade e a motiva????o, al??m das outras atitudes relacionais e de amplia????o da consci??ncia ??tica e moral. Um dos aspectos relevantes que emergiu deste estudo, permitiu tecer infer??ncias quanto aos significados e aos sentidos atribu??dos pelos entrevistados em rela????o ?? forma????o docente, pela percep????o do ambiente acad??mico como lugar que deve primar pelo desenvolvimento da consci??ncia cr??tica, do saber escutar e da observa????o. Ao final, foram apresentadas algumas considera????es provis??rias e tecida uma teia com aspectos formativos que correspondem a um contexto impregnado de fios interativos, conectados pelo humano e pela necessidade de aprender a aprender e de aprender a ser um professor mais humano, sens??vel ?? compreens??o da condi????o humana.

L’implantation de la Révolution verte a transformé les caféières, associant polyculture et élevage, en monocultures en fonction d’agrochimiques de synthèse. Pesticides, engrais et variétés hybrides à haut rendement et résistantes aux phytomaladies sont des dispositifs technoscientifiques au service du forçage des agroécosystèmes. Nous montrons comment le binôme monoculture/agrochimiques de synthèse a plongé les caféiculteurs dans une crise de valeurs, déterminée par un verrouillage technologique qui a emporté dans une spirale de dégradation la santé publique, la biodiversité des agroécosystèmes et la stabilité politique et économique des populations. Nous soulignons aussi comment les pratiques de pilotage des écosystèmes caféiers, proposées par l’agroécologie, favorisent un agencement pluraliste des valeurs et un déblocage du système technique. Cette thèse mène ainsi une analyse axiologique du sujet pluriel de la caféiculture technicisée dans le département colombien du Quindío. / The Green Revolution has transformed the coffee culture, combining mixed farming and breeding, into single-crop farming depending on synthesized agrochemicals. Pesticides, fertilizers, and high yield hybrids varieties resistant to phyto-diseases are technoscientific devices aiming at forcing the agroecosystems. We show how the duo single-crop farming/synthesized agrochemicals has drowned the coffee producers into a value crisis determined by a technological lock down which took in a spiral of deterioration of public health, agroecosystem biodiversity, political and the economic stability of populations. We highlight as well how the steering practices of the coffee ecosystems, offered by agroecology, have favored a pluralist organization of values and unlocked the technical system. Thus, this PhD leads to an axiological analysis of the multi-agent technologized coffee culture in the Colombian department of Quindío.

La investigación tuvo como objetivo general contribuir en la organización de un conjunto de criterios para la evaluación del desarrollo axiológico del profesorado de la Escuela de Educación de la Universidad de los Andes, a fin de promover programas de desarrollo profesional, personal y de evaluación que garanticen mejoras en la institución. Constituye el requisito indispensable para optar al Título de Doctor del Programa de Doctorado: Innovación y Sistema Educativo. Para su desarrollo, se prestó atención especial a descriptores referidos a la moralidad, eticidad, desarrollo profesional, desarrollo personal, evaluación, mejora educativa, códigos deontológico y valores educativos. Unido al propósito central, el desarrollo de la investigación permitió el establecimiento de fines secundarios que apuntaron a determinar implicaciones pedagógicas que se generan cuando el profesorado alcanza y mantiene un desarrollo axiológico adecuado, contribuir con el desarrollo teórico y práctico de la concepción axiológica de la mencionada escuela la cultura de la evolución institucional y del profesorado, contribuir en la elaboración de una tabla o escala de valores que oriente el comportamiento moral y ético del profesorado y proporcionar el establecimiento de códigos deontológico en la escuela objeto del estudio.La investigación se sustentó en varios pilares teóricos. Destacan aquellos que están referidos a los distintos modelos contemporáneos que explican el problema de la ecuación moral; en especial, se colocó énfasis en el modelo de educación moral como proceso cognitivo - evolutivo sustentado en la teoría de Lawrence Kohlberg. Asimismo, se apoya en los modelos de evaluación del profesorado; en particular, se colocó atención a la evaluación del profesorado y mejora educativa. De igual manera, se encuentran referencias teóricas que contribuyeron a dilucidar el problema de los valores, la eticidad y la moralidad. Además de los anteriores soportes teóricos, la investigación, está dirigida sobre la creencia de que la mejora educativa sólo es posible si es adelantada por el profesorado que demuestra y mantiene cierta madurez en sus estructuras axiológicas.El diseño metodológico que se empleó corresponde al modelo holístico - inductivo de tipo descriptivo y de campo, bajo las consideraciones y permisas que orientan la investigación cualitativa. Resalta por ser un "estudio de casos instrumental". El escenario donde se desarrollo, la contituye la Escuela de Educación de la Universidad de los Andes de Mérida - Venezuela. La población objeto de estudio estuvo formada por los profesores, alumnos y administradores que hacen vida en la citada escuela, las distintas muestras fueron seleccionadas por medio de "muestreo no probabilísticos". En particular, se aplicó el "muestreo accidental o causal" y el "muestreo internacional u opinático". Para recabar la información se diseñó una serie de instrumentos. A los alumnos se les consultó en tres oportunidades a través de tres instrumentos con escala tipo Likert y escalas de clasificación, a los profesores en dos ocasiones, por medio de una encuesta y el autoinforme, y a los gerentes y administradores a través de una entrevista cualitativa en profundidad. Todos los instrumentos empleados fueron revisados y sometidos a consideración de expertos, se estimó su validez de contenido por medio del Coeficiente de Proporción de Rangos (CPR). Los datos fueron presentados y analizados a través del Modelo Interactivo de Miles y Huberman, lo cual permitió el diseño de esquemas, dibujos, gráficos y mapas conceptuales que coadyuvan a la comprensión de información recabada. Las conclusiones apuntan que para pretender mejoras educativas es necesario la interrelación de procesos que abarquen la evaluación del profesorado, el desarrollo profesional y personal y la gestión de la calidad educativa. Para que ello sea posible es inminente y de gran importancia que el profesorado sea colocado como el foco de atención. En este sentido, y en atención a estos presupuestos, la investigación permitió recoger algunas impresiones de los profesores de la escuelo objeto del estudio y, con todo ello elaborar unas conclusiones y propuestas. Descriptores: Desarrollo axiológico, evaluación del profesorado, desarrollo personal, desarrollo profesional, ética, moral, valores, mejora educativa. / The general objective of the research was to contribute to the establishment of a group of criteria for the evaluation of the axiological development of the faculty of the School of Education of the Universidad de los Andes with a view to promoting professional, personal and evaluation programs that would guarantee improvements in the institution. This research is a requisite for candidacy to the title of Doctor of Philosophy under the Doctoral Program: Innovation and the Educational System. In its development special attention was paid to key words related to morality, ethics, professional development, personal development, evaluation, educational improvement, deontological codes and educational values. Together with the principal objective, the carrying out of the reaches and maintains adequate axiological development, the promotion of a culture of institutional and faculty evaluation within the context of the previously mentioned school, the contribution towards the elaboration of a table or scale of values to orientate the moral and ethical development of the faculty can be evaluated and the promotion of the establishment of deontological codes in the school under study.The research is based on several theoretical pillars, the foremost being those related to the different contemporary models that explain the problem of moral education. Special emphasis is placed on the moral education model as a cognitive-evolutive process based on the theory of Lawrence Kohlberg. It is also based on models for faculty evaluation; in particular, attention is placed on the evaluation of the professional development of the faculty and on the assumptions on which faculty evaluation and educational improvement are based. Likewise, theoretical references are found that contribute to the explanation of the problem of values, ethics and morality. Besides the preceding theoretical bases, the research is guided by the belief that educational improvement is possible only if it is promoted by a faculty that demonstrates and maintains certain maturity in its axiological structures.The methodology used was the holistic-inductive model of a descriptive and field type, using at the considerations and premises that orientate qualitative research. It is predominantly an "instrumental case study". The research was carried out at the School of Education of the Universidad de los Andes in Mérida, Venezuela. The population under study was composed of professors, students and administrators of the school. The different samples were taken by means of "chunk sampling". In particular, "accidental or casual sampling" and "purposive or opinion sampling" were used. A series of instruments was designed for gathering information. Students were consulted on three occasions using three instruments with Likert type scales and classification scales, the professors on two occasions by means of a survey and a self-survey, and the managers and administrators through an in-depth qualitative interview. All the instruments used ere reviewed by and submitted for the consideration of experts. Their content validity was estimated by using the Range Proportion Coefficient (RPC). The data were presented and analyzed by means of the Miles and Huberman Intercative Model, Wich allowed diagrams, drawings, graphs and conceptual maps to be made that contributed to the comprehension of the information gathered. The conclusions indicate that in order to obtain educational improvements the interrelation of processes that encompass the evaluation of the faculty, professional and personal development and the attaining of quality education is necessary. For this to be possible, it is necessary and of great importance that the faculty be the focus of attention. In this respect, and in view of these assumptions, the research allowed the gathering of some of the impressions of the professors of the school under study and thereby the drawing of conclusions and the elaboration of conclusions and the elaboration of proposals.Key words: Axiological development, faculty evaluation, personal development, professional development, ethics, morals, values, educational improvement.

La présente thèse est consacrée à l’étude de la catégorie des noms du genre commun dans deux langues slaves : le russe et l'ukrainien. Les noms de cette catégorie ont deux particularités. Premièrement, la plupart d’entre eux sont expressifs et font partie des axiologiques. Nous montrons que leur expressivité peut dépendre de leur contenu phonétique et morphologique ainsi que des constructions syntaxiques dans lesquelles ces noms sont employés. Deuxièmement, les noms de cette catégorie présentent des particularités morphosyntaxiques : ils peuvent appeler l’accord syntaxique ainsi que l’accord sémantique. Nous montrons que le choix du genre de l’accord non seulement satisfait au besoin de référence, mais a également une fonction pragmatique. / SummaryThe present work deals with the category of common gender in two Slavic languages: Russian and Ukrainian. The nouns of this category have two major peculiarities. Firstly, most of them are expressive and axiological nouns. We reveal that the expressivity of this nouns depends on their phonetical and morphological content and on the type of syntactical constructions in which this nouns occur. Secondly, the nouns of this category present morphosyntactical peculiarities: the agreement with this nouns can be semantical and grammatical. We reveal that the choice of the gender of agreement depends not only on semantic and reference, it has also a pragmatic function.

This study is unique considering the location (Africa) and the industrial setting (Gold Mining) from which the research was studied as reward systems had mostly been studied in the North-American and European settings. Thus, the study  considered  rewards from the perspective of the African and its natural resource industries such as the gold mining industry.   The methodology employed in the study was based on a case study approach at Golden Star (Bogoso/Prestea) Limited (GSB/PL) with a population size of 1029 employees combining both qualitative and quantitative data obtained through a questionnaire survey of a 278 sample size and structured interview with the Human Resources and Administration Manager. Thus, the method of data collection represents methodological triangulation and the data obtained from the study represents a primary source of data.   The study revealed that all the three generational groups (Baby Boomers, GEN Xers and   GEN Yers) places higher emphasis or priority on financial incentives (high salary and bonuses) over any other incentives when respondents were asked to indicate the reward they prefer most. But when rewards were considered as a total package profile, greater number of  the baby boomers placed more emphasis or priority on packages with highly flexible pension benefits, long term job security and high internal promotions eventhough the salary and bonus components of the packages (profile) were not that attract. The GEN X and GEN Y groups still maintained their reward package profile preferences based on  high financial incentives, training and learning opportunities, personal growth and career advancement.   The study revealed that aside the high preferences for financial incentives such as high salary and bonuses by all the generational groups, few of the  GEN X and GEN Y also exhibited other preferences such as high personal growth, flexible work schedule, attractive company policy and administration, career advancement, working environment, job security and praises and recognition of which the baby boomers did not indicate any preferences or interest.   The study revealed that all the three generational groups (Baby Boomers, GEN X and GEN Y) consider high salary and bonuses as factor which causes employee dissatisfaction when not satisfied or available but when they are satisfied or available also do not motivate or cause satisfaction and thus  confirming Herzberg Two-Factor theory that  factors such as salary or remuneration, job security, working conditions and company policies  only prevent employee dissatisfaction.   The study revealed that all generational groups (baby boomers, GEN X and GEN Y) consider high salaries and bonuses as factor which could lead to lack of satisfaction and motivation of the employee in his current role or position when not available or satisfied and thus this finding confirm the traditional belief that pay is prime, or in some cases the only source of motivation but contradict Herzberg claim that  pay (high salaries and bonuses) is only an extrinsic factor and that when is available or satisfied, pay does not bring satisfaction and motivation but rather prevents dissatisfaction.   The study revealed that GSB/PL rewards systems basically comprises of extrinsic rewards such as high salary levels (pay increases), a bonus scheme,  training  and learning opportunities, job security, Stock options, Retirement/Pension benefits such as social security and provident fund,  promotions,  attractive company policies and administration, praises and recognition, good working environment, flexible work schedule,  Long service awards and benefits such as housing, Health insurance, Vacation/Annual leave benefits, transportation/bussing service, messing (provision of meals to employees only when at work), and educational benefits (for employees dependants).   The study also revealed that the design and implementation of GSB/PL reward systems involves four distinct phases: assessment, design, execution and evaluation phases.   In the end, a suitable conclusion was drawn and a number of recommendations proposed to be implemented by the mining company in safeguarding the interest of both employees and the employer.

В магистерской диссертации проведен сопоставительный лингвоаксиологический анализ текста программы «Коммунистической партии Коммунисты России» и текстов выступлений лидера партии Максима Сурайкина в предвыборных дебатах. Выделены общие и специфические ценности, характерные для декларированной аксиологической системы координат, содержащейся в программе партии, и вербализированной аксиологической реальности в предвыборных выступлениях Максима Сурайкина на теледебатах. Выявлены тактики, направленные на осуществление стратегии самопрезентации кандидата в президенты России. Составлен список коммуникативных ценностей политика. / In the master's thesis the comparative linguo-axiological analysis of the text of the program "Communist party Communists of Russia" and texts of speeches of the party leader Maxim Suraykin in pre-election debates is carried out. The general and specific values characteristic of the declared axiological coordinate system contained in the party program and the verbalized axiological reality in Maxim Suraykin's pre-election speeches at TV debates are highlighted. The tactics aimed at the implementation of the strategy of self-presentation of the candidate for President of Russia are revealed. The author compiled a list of communicative values of the politician.