ŽÍLA, Ondřej: "Are You the One and Only Homeland I have?" Ethno-demographic Changes in Bosnia and Herzegovina 1945-2012 Abstract Thesis on "Are You the One and Only Homeland I have?" Ethno-demographic Changes in Bosnia and Herzegovina 1945-2012 analyses population development of three constitutive nations of Bosnia and Herzegovina, transformation of ethnic proportional representation of Bosnian population due to differences in demographic behaviour and spatial impacts of forced migration on population distribution after the end of the civil conflict in the 1990s. The main focus is on comparing the development of the ethno-demographic structure of socialist Bosnia and Herzegovina with the condition of the country after the war. The current demographic characteristics of the population, and contemporary ethnic composition of the country remains fundamentally affected by events related to the conflict: the so called forced migration and ethnic cleansing. The thesis compiles two fundamental approaches, one of them being the top-down approach. It focuses on the characteristics of the role of Western powers in the post-war peace-building process, specifically the analysis of their principal objective - restoration of the original ethnic heterogeneity by means of controlled repatriation of refugees, and evaluation...

La Partie I présente l’obtention du développement asymptotique topologique pour une classe d’équations elliptiques quasilinéaires. Un point central réside dans la possibilité de définir la variation de l’état direct à l’échelle 1 dans R^N. Après avoir défini un cadre fonctionnel approprié faisant intervenir les normes L^p et L^2, et avoir justifié la classe d’équations considérée, la méthode se poursuit par l’étude du comportement asymptotique de la solution du problème d’interface non linéaire dans R^N et par une mise en dualité appropriée des états direct et adjoint aux différentes étapes d’approximation.La Partie II traite d’estimations et de développements asymptotiques de p-capacités de condensateurs, dont l’obstacle est d’intérieur vide et de codimension > ou = 2. Après les résultats préliminaires, les condensateurs équidistants permettent de donner deux illustrations de l’anisotropie engendrée par un segment dans l’équation de p-Laplace, puis d’établir une minoration de la p-capacité N-dimensionnelle d’un segment, qui fait intervenir les p-capacités d’un point, respectivement en dimensions N et (N-1). Les condensateurs elliptiques permettent d’établir que le gradient topologique de la 2-capacité n’est pas un outil approprié pour distinguer les courbes des obstacles d’intérieur non vide en 2D / Part I deals with obtaining topological asymptotic expansions for a class of quasilinear elliptic equations. A key point lies in the ability to define the variation of the direct state at scale 1 in R^N. After setting up an appropriate functional framework involving both the L^p and the L^2 norms, and then justifying the chosen class of equations, the approach goes on with the study of the asymptotic behavior of the solution of the nonlinear interface problem in R^N and by setting up an adequate duality scheme between the direct and adjoint states at each step of approximation. Part II deals with estimates and asymptotic expansions of condenser p-capacities and focuses on obstacles with empty interiors and with codimensions > ou = 2. After preliminary results, equidistant condensers are introduced to point out the anisotropy caused by a segment in the p-Laplace equation, and to provide a lower bound to the N-dimensional condenser p-capacity of a segment, by means of the N-dimensional and of the (N-1)-dimensional condenser p-capacities of apoint. Introducing elliptical condensers, it turns out that the topological gradient of the 2-capacity is not an appropriate tool to separate curves and obstacles with nonempty interior in 2D

Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-09-28T14:58:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MARIA DA GUIA DE OLIVEIRA - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGCS 2005..pdf: 25280819 bytes, checksum: 67345d766a975d34ca18c389f041c295 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-28T14:58:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MARIA DA GUIA DE OLIVEIRA - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGCS 2005..pdf: 25280819 bytes, checksum: 67345d766a975d34ca18c389f041c295 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Neste trabalho analisamos as experiências de lazer nos grupos de convivência para idosos. Nossos objetivos foram (1) apreender as peculiaridades existentes no modo de envelhecer dos idosos e suas relações com atividades de lazer; (2) compreender as experiências de sociabilidade nos grupos citados. Nossa perspectiva teórica foi informada pela contribuição teórica de Dumazedier, que considera lazer todas as atividades realizadas no "tempo livre" das obrigações tanto profissionais quanto domésticas. Usamos o método etnográfico e a observação direta, tendo como unidade de análise dois grupos de convivência de idosos de camadas populares de Campina Grande, um denominado "Cabelos Brancos" e outro "Fios de Prata". De acordo com as entrevistas realizadas, os indivíduos idosos consideram as atividades de lazer como terapia, momentos de felicidade, diversão e descontração. O lazer, principalmente a dança de forró, proporciona aos idosos das camadas populares experiências de sociabilidade para além do âmbito doméstico, proporcionando-lhes também alegria de viver, fazendo-lhes sentir mais ativos e dinâmicos. / In this study we analise leisure experiences in Old Individuals Conviviality Groups, having as central objectives (1) understanding peculiarities of the aging process in it's relations to leisure individual experiences; (2) understanding sociability experiences in groups cited above. As theorical perspective we use contributions of Durmazedier, who considers as leisure all the activities carried out in the time in which individuals are free of professional and domestic duties. We use the ethnografic method and the direct observation, having as unity of analisys two groups of old people conviviality in Campina Grande - PB, both of them addressed to popular strata of the population. Acordding to interviews we carried out, old people consider leisure activities as therapy, as hapiness moments, moments to have fun and relax. Leisure, specially the "Forró" gives to old individuals from low strata of population observed sociability experiences beyond their home limits, gives them as well joy of the life and make them feel more active an dynamic people.

Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo investigar a realização do objeto pronominal acusativo de 3ª pessoa nas variedades de espanhol de Madri e Montevidéu, comparar as tendências encontradas com o português brasileiro e tecer uma interpretação teórica para essas construções, tendo em vista os desenvolvimentos minimalistas (CHOMSKY, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2004). Analisamos entrevistas orais das variedades de espanhol de Madri (CESTERO MANCERA et al., 2012) e Montevidéu (ELIZAINCÍN, s/d), pertencentes ao PRESEEA. Como referencial teórico, aliamos, portanto, a concepção biológica de língua e gramática (CHOMSKY, 1981, 1986, 1999) a aspectos sociolinguísticos (LABOV, 2008; WEINREICH; LABOV; HERZOG, 2009). O espanhol seria uma língua na qual os antecedentes [+específicos] deveriam ser retomados por um clítico, enquanto os objetos nulos se restringiriam a antecedentes [-específicos; -definidos] (CAMPOS, 1986a, b; FERNÁNDEZ SORIANO, 1999). Conforme Groppi (1997), a variedade de espanhol de Montevidéu seguiria essa mesma tendência. Considerando-se esses estudos, partimos da hipótese de que nas variedades de espanhol investigadas os objetos nulos estariam restringidos a antecedentes [-determinados; -específicos]. Contudo, os resultados encontrados contrariaram parcialmente nossa hipótese, já que observamos a omissão do objeto não apenas com antecedentes [-determinados; -específicos], como também algumas ocorrências com antecedentes [+determinados; +/- específicos] e, inclusive, [+animados]. Encontramos indícios de que o objeto nulo nessas variedades de espanhol teria uma natureza pronominal, sendo, portanto, um pro. Além disso, observamos que os objetos nulos ocorreram em construções que favoreceriam o apagamento do objeto tanto em outras variedades de espanhol (LANDA, 1993, 1995; FERNÁNDEZ ORDÓÑEZ, 1999; SUÑER; YÉPEZ, 1988) quanto no português brasileiro (CASAGRANDE, 2012; DUARTE, 1986). Por um lado, as construções que apresentam um clítico no espanhol ou um pronome lexical no português brasileiro envolveriam a operação de movimento e esses pronomes seriam a manifestação visível da concordância de objeto. Por outro lado, as construções que apresentam um objeto nulo envolveriam apenas a operação de concordância e seriam os traços- de pro que possibilitariam a identificação do objeto. Nessas construções, teríamos uma concordância de objeto que se manifesta de uma forma não visível, mediante um elemento pronominal sem traços fonéticos. / The aim of this research is to investigate the 3rd person accusative pronominal object occurrence in the Spanish varieties of Madrid and Montevideo, to compare the tendencies that were found to Brazilian Portuguese and to propose a theoretical interpretation to these constructions, based on minimalist developments (CHOMSKY, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2004). For that purpose, oral interviews of the varieties of Madrid (CESTERO MANCERA et al., 2012) and Montevideo (ELIZAINCÍN, s/d), taken from PRESEEA, were analysed. Thereby, regarding the theoretical approach, the biological conception of language and grammar (CHOMSKY, 1981, 1986, 1999) and some sociolinguist aspects (LABOV, 2008; WEINREICH; LABOV; HERZOG, 2009) were combined. In Spanish, [+specific] antecedents should be expressed by a clitic, while null objects would be restricted to [-specific; -definite] antecedents (CAMPOS, 1986a, b; FERNÁNDEZ SORIANO, 1999). According to Groppi (1997), the Spanish variety of Montevideo presents the same tendency. Considering these studies, our first hypothesis was that in the Spanish varieties analyzed the null objects would be restricted to [-determined; -specific] antecedents. However, the results contradicted partially our hypothesis, since it was observed that the omission of the object not only occurred when the antecedent was [-determined; -specific], but also when the antecedent was [+determined; +/-specific] and, in addition, [+animate]. We found evidence that the null object in these Spanish varieties would have a pronominal nature, and, consequently, it would be a pro. Furthermore, the null objects appeared in constructions that allow the object ellipsis both in other Spanish varieties (LANDA, 1993, 1995; FERNÁNDEZ ORDÓÑEZ, 1999; SUÑER; YÉPEZ, 1988) and in Brazilian Portuguese (CASAGRANDE, 2012; DUARTE, 1986). On the one hand, constructions that present a clitic in Spanish or a lexical pronoun in Brazilian Portuguese would involve Move and correspond to a visible object agreement. On the other hand, constructions that present a null object would involve only Agree and the -features would be related to the object identification. In these constructions, the object agreement happens in a non visible form, through a pronominal element without phonetic features.

1 Summary Diploma thesis "The theological treatise by Master Jacobellus de Misa ‚De usura iudeorum et christianorum' and his reflection of the position of Jews in society" is about the one from the writings of m. Jakoubek of Stříbro. Treatise "Contra usuram" ("Against usury") was written about in the year 1415, and has not yet been translated into Czech. For the use of this theses, I translated the Latin text of Appendix into Czech. The first chapter of advocates selected topic in historical context, that is, the crisis of the turn of the 14. and 15. century, when the high middle ages already continuously paced to the modern era. Our history has been called Czech Hussite reformation and revolution. In the second chapter is introduced by m. Jacob of Mies as a friend, collaborator and successor in the work of m. Jan Hus at the Prague University. Together with m. Nicholas from Dresden initiated the adoption of recovery sub utraque speciae and became a leading theologian utraquists.The subject of the third chapter is the concept of usury, according to the Scriptures, the church fathers and teachers, and the medieval doctrine of the usury and its effects. Usury was all the ecclesiastical authorities, widely dismissed as immoral, forbidden Letters social phenomenon. The fifth chapter deals with the dramatic...

« Narapoïa » : c’est le nom d’une maladie qui consisterait pour une personne à croire que tout le monde lui veut du bien. Ce « canular édifiant » élaboré par Boris Cyrulnik dans les années 70 pourrait servir à désigner la disposition d’esprit du fêtard. Par le climat de bienveillance qu’elle promet, la fête rend possible une mise à distance de la suspicion et de la réversibilité qui sous-tendraient toutes les relations entre individus, notamment dans les grandes agglomérations telles que Paris. La canicule de 2003 provoqua un grand nombre de décès,majoritairement des personnes âgées. Elle mit les autorités et la population française face au problème de l’isolement dans les grandes villes. L’individualisme qui avait été jusque-là perçu comme un « travers » du progrès et de la modernité apparut dès lors comme un mal à éradiquer. Née en 1999 sous l’impulsion d’ Atanase Périfan, jeune élu UMP d’origine macédonienne, La Fête des Voisins se propose de réunir les habitants d’un même immeuble et/ou d’un même quartier autour d’un « apéro ». Page d’accueil du site internet de l’association Immeubles en Fête, affiches annonçant la tenue de l’événement, livre-témoignage d’ Atanase Périfan, articles de presse et reportages télévisuels concourent tous à donner de la Fête des Voisins l’image d’une « opération » aussi enjouée et bon enfant qu’elle est déterminante. C’est donc davantage du côté de l’utile que de l’agréable que la Fête des Voisins situe sa proposition, voire sa promesse. L’image de la grande tablée telle qu’elle sera relayée par les médias viendra dire l’espace partagé qu’est la République ainsi que l’ensemble de valeurs et de codes qui la sous-tendent. Le ton volontiers léger et confiant des organisateurs sera une façon d’accéder à tous ceux qui se pensent comme étant à la marge de la société. « Sentiment d’appartenance », « sentiment d’exclusion » : autant de frontières intérieures, de constructions mentales que l’expérience dionysiaque de l’hospitalité et de la joie tendra à inquiéter. De la Fête des Voisins aux soirées plus subversives d’établissements de nuit parisiens tels que Le Point Ephémère ou Glazart, il s’agira toujours de replacer l’individu dans une forme de disponibilité, de vulnérabilité constructive rendant possible l’inscription dans un collectif, que ce soit par le mode raisonné et paisible de l’amitié et de la citoyenneté, ou celui plus brûlant et intense du transport amoureux. / « Narapoia » is the name of a condition in which a person thinks that everyone is conspiring to help and benefit her. This « constructive deception », formulated by Boris Cyrulnik in the seventies, could describe the merrymaker’s state of mind. By offering us the promise of a benevolent atmosphere, celebration allows us to move away from the suspicion and reversibility that supposedly underlie all relationships between individuals,especially in big cities such as Paris. The 2003 heatwave caused a great many deaths, primarily among theelderly. This tragedy confronted the French authorities and population with the problem of isolation in big cities.The individualism that had previously been seen as a « little quirk » of progress and modernity henceforthbecame a scourge to be eradicated. Created in 1999 on the initiative of Atanase Périfan – a young UMPcouncilor of Macedonian descent, the aim of the Fête des Voisins is to gather people from the same buildingand/or neighborhood together for drinks and a buffet meal. The Immeubles en Fêtes association’s homepage,posters announcing the event, Atanase Périfan’s book sharing his personal experience as the founder, pressarticles and televised reports all serve to reinforce the image of an initiative that is not only cheerful and friendly,but also equally decisive. The premise – or even the promise – of the Fête des Voisins therefore falls more within the realm of the useful than the pleasurable. The image of the large table as broadcast by the media will become the metaphor for the shared space of the Republic, along with the values and codes that underpin it. The deliberately light-hearted and confident tone of the event will be a way to reach out to those who think of themselves as being on the margins of society. « Sense of belonging » and « feeling of exclusion » could be considered as inner geographies, psychological constructs that the Dionysiac experience of hospitality and joy will temporarily suspend. From the Fête des Voisins to the more subversive parties organized by Parisian clubs such as Le Point Ephémère or Glazart, it is always a matter of restoring the individual to a place of beneficial availability and vulnerability through which integration into a group becomes possible. This may take the calmand sensible form of friendship and citizenship (Fête des Voisins) or find a more intense and burning expression in the raptures of love (Le Point Ephémère, Glazart).

Previously, the bulk of the population lived in rural areas. The whole family lived there together in the family house on the same property. Young helped the elderly and old to their offspring, with households with children, with the economy. With the advent of industrialization and mobilization, many young people moved into the cities, to work, to the newly constructed blocks of residential houses, which were rather less than they could live with a large extended family. Mutual cooperation was suddenly far away. The town has more people, more jobs and more older people, which the state took care of them - homes for the elderly - retirees concentration in one place, without daily contact with young, with family. Thanks to good quality of health care older people is increasing and this problem is must be solved. The country has still semi-detached houses and multigenerational houses, where the family lived with grandparents, but in the city is hard to find to buy or rent two apartments near each other. The main concept of my work is to create a semi-detached flats, flats with common vestibule, which connects one smaller and one larger apartment. Use the castle for this principle is more than appropriate - will be returned the housing for the family and each of generation finds in the castle grounds space for their activities or employment. This area still remains open to inhabitant of the city and offer them new possibilities for leisure (restaurants and an amphitheater).

Till hösten 2022 börjar nya läroplaner gälla i den svenska skolan. För gymnasieskolan gäller en av ändringarna hur kunskapsområdet som nu benämns sexualitet, samlevnad och relationer, förkortat SeSaR, ska behandlas. SeSaR kommer även fortsättningsvis vara ett ämnes­övergripande kunskapsområde men då biologiämnet, i synnerhet gymnasiekursen biologi 2, kan anses inneha en av nyckelrollerna i området står just det i fokus här. Denna uppsats avser att besvara frågeställningen: ”Hur förhåller sig de formuleringar och ordval som återfinns i texter om kunskapsområdet SeSaR i läromedel tillhörande gymnasiekursen biologi 2 till hur området uttrycks i styrdokumenten?”. Fyra kapitel i olika läromedel har lästs och analyserats mot styr­dokumenten samt med en queerteoretisk bas. Slutsatsen är att de analyserade läromedlen i sin helhet ej kan anses samstämmiga med hur SeSaR ska behandlas. / By the autumn of 2022, new curricula will come into force in the Swedish school system. Regarding the upper secondary school, one part of the revision concerns how the area that will be called sexuality, coexistence, and relationships, or SeSaR (from the Swedish term sexualitet, samlevnad och relationer) for short, is to be treated. SeSaR will continue to be an inter­disciplinary area of knowledge, but since the biology subject, in particular the upper secondary course called biology 2, can be considered to hold one of the key roles in the area, this is what is in focus here. This essay intends to answer the question: "How does the phrasings and word choices found in texts about SeSaR in teaching materials belonging to the upper secondary course biology 2 relate to how the area is expressed in the governing policies?". Four chapters in different teaching materials have been read and analysed with respect to the governing policies and with a basis in queer theory. The conclusion is that the analysed teaching materials in their entirety cannot be considered consistent with how SeSaR is to be treated.

Tous les etats issus du démembrement de l'urss ont dû résoudre, depuis 15 ans, une question fondamentale : celle de la définition et de l'affirmation de leur identité. ayant tous la même aspiration à la liberté, à l'autonomie productive, à l'ouverture au monde, ces pays ont commencé à réformer leurs systèmes juridiques, politiques et économiques. toutefois le droit international soviétique, spécifique, fermé dans son propre système et lié fortement à la politique extérieure de l'urss, continue à persister dans les etats post-soviétiques, malgré leur aspiration aux règles des sociétés occidentales juste après l'indépendance. ainsi, le renouvellement de la doctrine et de la pratique internationale des etats post-soviétiques se passe d'abord dans des conditions de permanence de la conception soviétique du droit international d'un côté et du désir de trouver sa place dans la communauté internationale de l'autre. cette rénovation ayant ses particularités dans chaque etat ex-soviétique, a affecté non seulement la formation de la pensée juridique et la pratique diplomatique de ces etats, mais aussi les rapports entre les droits internes et le droit international. c'est à l'époque de la fin de l'antagonisme des blocs qu'on observe l'intégration des etats issus de l'urss dans le monde de la nouvelle répartition des forces /... / International law is a « common language » but the vision of international law is far from being universal. It is a « multiplicity of particular national, regional, individual, institutional visions of international law. One can speak of the existence of regional American, Latin American, European, Asian, African approaches of law, but what about the geographical region of the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics? In the XXth century one spoke about the Soviet conception of international law, which was a complex phenomenon, having its roots in the Russian legal school, combining the multiculturalism of the Russian Empire and the Soviet state and causing the division of the world into two blocks : Western and Soviet. For over twenty years that the Soviet Union no longer exists and the former Soviet states became independent and sovereign actors in the international arena. Can we therefore speak today about the existence of national approaches to international law of each state of the former USSR ? The objective of this thesis is to present the current state of doctrine and practice of the post-Soviet international law, considering the renewal of approaches of foreign policies of the post-Soviet states, and doctrinal concepts of international legal scholars. Does the post-Soviet doctrine of international law exist ? The contemporary international law is faced with challenges such as regionalization, globalization and the establishment of the rule of law in international law. Faced with these challenges, the doctrine and practice post-Soviet international law have been renewed. What approaches the post-Soviet states adopt in response to the contemporary challenges of regionalization, globalization and the establishment of the rule of law in international law?

Dans cette thèse, nous étudions les effets d'un environnement stochastique et de l'utilisation d'une stratégie d'opting-out sur l'évolution de la coopération dans les jeux évolutionnaires. La thèse contient 8 articles, dont 6 sont déjà publiés dans des revues avec comité de lecture. Outre l'introduction, la thèse est divisée en deux parties, la partie 1 composée de 5 articles et la partie 2 de 3 articles. La partie 1 étudie l'impact de gains randomisés dans les jeux évolutionnaires. L'article 1 introduit les concepts de stabilité pour les jeux avec matrice de paiement aléatoire 2x2 dans des populations infinies avec des générations discrètes sans chevauchement dans un environnement stochastique. On y donne les conditions pour qu'un équilibre, sur la frontière ou à l'intérieur du simplexe des fréquences des stratégies, soit stochastiquement localement stable ou instable. L'article 2 étend les résultats de l'article 1 au cas où la valeur sélective est une fonction exponentielle du gain attendu suite à des interactions aléatoires par paires et montre que, de manière inattendue, le bruit aléatoire environnemental peut rompre un cycle périodique et favoriser la stabilité d'un équilibre intérieur. L'article 3 discute des effets de la sélection faible. Alors que les conditions de stabilité dans un environnement aléatoire reviennent aux conditions du cas déterministe lorsque l'intensité de la sélection diminue, les fluctuations aléatoires des gains peuvent accélérer la vitesse de convergence vers un équilibre stable sous une sélection plus faible. L'article 4 applique la théorie de la stabilité évolutive stochastique à un jeu randomisé de dilemme du prisonnier. On y montre que l'augmentation de la variance des gains de défection est propice à l'évolution de la coopération. L'article 5 étudie les jeux matriciels randomisés dans des populations finies et donne les conditions pour que la sélection favorise l'évolution de la coopération dans le contexte du jeu randomisé de dilemme du prisonnier. La partie 2 considère un jeu répété de dilemme du prisonnier dans le cas où un comportement d'opting-out est adopté par chaque joueur dans les interactions par paires. L'article 6 étudie la dynamique évolutive de la coopération et de la défection dans ce contexte et montre une possible coexistence à long terme, en supposant une population infinie et un équilibre rapide (en fait, instantané) dans les fréquences des paires. L'article 7 rapporte des résultats expérimentaux avec 264 étudiants universitaires utilisant la stratégie d'opting-out qui soutiennent la prédiction théorique d'une coexistence à long terme de coopération et de défection. L'article 8 étend l'analyse du modèle avec la stratégie d'opting-out au cas d'une population finie et fournit une preuve rigoureuse des deux échelles de temps pour les fréquences de coopération et de défection d'une part et les fréquences de paires de stratégies d'autre part. / In this thesis, we study the effects of a stochastic environment and the use of an opting-out strategy on the evolution of cooperation in evolutionary games. The thesis contains 8 articles, among which 6 are already published in peer-reviewed journals. Apart from the introduction, the thesis is divided into two parts, Part 1 made with 5 articles and Part 2 with 3 articles. Part 1 studies randomized payoffs in evolutionary games. Article 1 introduces stability concepts for 2x2 matrix games in infinite populations undergoing discrete, non-overlapping generations in a stochastic environment and gives conditions for an equilibrium, either on the boundary or in the interior of the simplex of all strategy frequencies, to be stochastically locally stable or unstable. Article 2 extends the results of Article 1 to the case where fitness is an exponential function of expected payoff in random pairwise interactions and shows that, unexpectedly, environmental random noise can break a periodic cycle and promote stability of an interior equilibrium. Article 3 discusses the effects of weak selection. While stability conditions in a random environment return to conditions in the deterministic case as selection intensity diminishes, random fluctuations in payoffs can accelerate the speed of convergence toward a stable equilibrium under weaker selection. Article 4 applies stochastic evolutionary stability theory to a randomized Prisoner's dilemma game and shows that increasing the variance in payoffs for defection is conducive to the evolution of cooperation. Article 5 studies randomized matrix games in finite populations and gives conditions for selection to favor the evolution of cooperation in the context of a randomized Prisoner's dilemma. Part 2 considers a repeated Prisoner's dilemma game with an opting-out behavior adopted by every player in pairwise interactions. Article 6 studies the evolutionary dynamics of cooperation and defection in this context and shows possible long-term coexistence, assuming an infinite population and fast (actually, instantaneous) equilibrium in the pair frequencies. Article 7 reports experimental results with 264 university students using the opting-out strategy that support the theoretical prediction of a long-term coexistence of cooperation and defection. Article 8 extends the analysis of the model with the opting-out strategy to the case of a finite population and provides a rigorous proof of the two-time scales for the frequencies of cooperation and defection on one hand and the frequencies of strategy pairs on the other.