Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T16:57:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 EDM - Silviane Rigolon Luis.pdf: 17965286 bytes, checksum: bdfb61396b23d026c568f6ff49b68f22 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-10-16 / Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo / The aim of this research is to investigate how the concept of similar figures can be presented in a significant and motivate way to the students attending the first grade of Brazilian high school system, so that the proof can be an integrant part of this process. We tried to answer the research questions: How is the transition from concrete geometry to space-graphic geometry within the context of similar figures? How does the passing of empirical validations to the deductive occurs in this context? For this, using the Didactic Engineering methodology, we developed a didactic sequence composed by three blocks, in the first and second ones; we worked with empirical validations, using concrete materials in a computerized environment and in the third one with deductive validations using paper and pencil. In our research we used the theoretical presuppositions of Parsysz to the Geometry teaching, where he emphasizes four stages of the development of geometric thought; The Balacheff s ideas about proofs validations processes, are distinguished the pragmatic proofs and the intellectual proof and with the ideas from Freudenthal that proposes for the teaching of the demonstration a local organization. The results of the experimentation aim to evidences of the concrete geometry with the manipulation of many objects stimulated the students in the investigation process and discover regularities that lead them to the idea of similarity concept as well, contributing to the acknowledgement of implicit properties in the figures presented by the dynamism of the Cabri-Géomètre software. Besides, the work done with the empiric validations was important for the students learn the concept of similarity, awakening them to the importance of justify their results and preparing them to the process of deducting validations, given that in this process we can observe an evolution in the structures of the presented proofs / O objetivo desta pesquisa é investigar como o conceito de figuras semelhantes pode ser apresentado de maneira significativa e motivadora a alunos da 1ª série do Ensino Médio, de modo que a prova seja parte integrante desse processo. Procuramos responder às questões de pesquisa: Como se dá a transição da geometria concreta para a espaço-gráfica no contexto das figuras semelhantes? Como ocorre a passagem das validações empíricas para as dedutivas nesse contexto? Para isto, por meio da metodologia da Engenharia Didática, desenvolvemos uma seqüência didática formada por três blocos, sendo que no primeiro e segundo trabalhamos com validações empíricas, utilizando materiais concretos e um ambiente informatizado e, no terceiro bloco com validações dedutivas, utilizando o papel e lápis. Empregamos em nossa pesquisa, os pressupostos teóricos de Parsysz para o ensino da Geometria, onde ele destaca quatro etapas do desenvolvimento do pensamento geométrico; as idéias de Balacheff sobre processos de validações de provas, destacando-se as provas pragmáticas e a prova intelectual e com as idéias de Freudenthal que propõe para o ensino da demonstração uma organização local. Os resultados da experimentação apontam indícios que a geometria concreta com a manipulação de vários objetos estimulou os alunos no processo de investigação e a descobrir regularidades que os levassem à idéia do conceito de semelhança, contribuindo assim, no reconhecimento de propriedades implícitas nas figuras dadas pelo dinamismo do software Cabri-Géomètre. Além disso, o trabalho feito com as validações empíricas foi importante para que os alunos se apropriassem do conceito de semelhança, despertando neles a importância de justificar os seus resultados e preparando-os para o processo das validações dedutivas, sendo que neste processo observa-se uma evolução na estrutura das provas apresentadas

Submitted by Cássia Santos (cassia.bcufg@gmail.com) on 2014-09-18T15:23:14Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese Karoline V Fernandes.pdf: 2432359 bytes, checksum: a5e472f248ce707b5697190ca4b6d33e (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2014-09-18T15:39:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese Karoline V Fernandes.pdf: 2432359 bytes, checksum: a5e472f248ce707b5697190ca4b6d33e (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-09-18T15:39:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese Karoline V Fernandes.pdf: 2432359 bytes, checksum: a5e472f248ce707b5697190ca4b6d33e (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-09-20 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / In this work we study surfaces M in hyperbolic space whose mean curvature H and Gaussian curvature KI satisfy the relation 2(H 􀀀1)e2μ +KI(1􀀀e2μ) = 0; where μ is a harmonic function with respect to the quadratic form s = 􀀀KII + 2(H 􀀀 1)II; and I, II denote, respectively, the first and second quadratic form of M. These surfaces are called Generalized Weingarten surfaces of harmonic type (HGW-surfaces). We obtain a representation type Weierstrass for these surfaces that depend on three holomorphic functions. As an application we obtain a representation type Weierstrass for Bryant surfaces and classify all HGW-surfaces of rotation. / Neste trabalho estudamos superfícies M no espaço hiperbólico cuja curvatura média H e a curvatura Gaussiana KI satisfazem a relação 2(H􀀀1)e2μ+KI(1􀀀e2μ) = 0; onde μ é uma função harmônica com respeito a forma quadrática s = 􀀀KII +2(H 􀀀1)II; onde I e II são respectivamente a primeira e segunda forma quadrática de M. Estas superfícies serão chamadas de Superfícies Weingarten generalizada tipo harmônico (Superfícies-WGH). Obtemos uma representação tipo Weierstrass para estas superfícies que dependem de três funções holomorfas. Como aplicação obtemos uma representação tipo Weierstrass para superfícies de Bryant e classificamos as superfícies-WGH de rotação.

Submitted by Kamila Costa (kamilavasconceloscosta@gmail.com) on 2015-06-18T21:11:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação-Luiz C C Mendes.pdf: 1127626 bytes, checksum: 3867dce3c1616f07fa4984ef6374d5d5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2015-07-06T18:18:27Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação-Luiz C C Mendes.pdf: 1127626 bytes, checksum: 3867dce3c1616f07fa4984ef6374d5d5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2015-07-06T18:22:43Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação-Luiz C C Mendes.pdf: 1127626 bytes, checksum: 3867dce3c1616f07fa4984ef6374d5d5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-06T18:22:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação-Luiz C C Mendes.pdf: 1127626 bytes, checksum: 3867dce3c1616f07fa4984ef6374d5d5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-04 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This paper aims to introduce students and teachers of basic mathematical education some resolutions of problems in the field of arithmetic which can benefit the teachinglearning process. Initially, it will be addressed the divisibility with their properties and criteria. This is done after a presentation of Euclidean division and its applications in basic education. Moreover, it will be presented a brief theoretical background based on the concept and the operational properties of modular congruence with their residue classes, followed by their applications. Finally, it will be presented a brief history of the numbers in the calendars. / A presente dissertação tem como objetivo principal apresentar a alunos e professores de matemática do ensino básico algumas resoluções de problemas no campo da aritmética que pode beneficiar o processo ensino-aprendizagem. Serão abordados inicialmente a divisibilidade, com suas propriedades e seus critérios, após apresentação da divisão euclidiana e suas aplicações no ensino básico. Além disso, será apresentado um breve embasamento teórico, pautado no conceito e nas propriedades operacionais da congruência modular com suas classes residuais, seguido de suas aplicações. No final, será feito um breve histórico dos números nos calendários.

The purpose of this study was to integrate research on Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) and organizational justice by proposing and evaluating plausible interactions between LMX and the various dimensions of organizational justice. In addition, this study contributes to the sparse literature on antecedents to LMX by including three previously unexamined antecedents, which consist of basic intra- and interpersonal motivations (i.e., attachment, identity, and regulatory focus), that are under-researched compared to personality and demographic variables. Data were collected from 150 supervisor-subordinate dyads. Results revealed several significant LMX by justice interactions and indicated that interdependent identity levels (relational and collective) and promotion regulatory focus are positively related to LMX quality. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.

Si le but de la reconstruction phylogénétique est d'avoir une idée des relations de parenté réelles entre les êtres vivants, il est bon de ne pas se contenter d'un simple arbre obtenu par l'analyse combinée d'un ensemble de données. En effet, même des clades robustes apparaissant dans un tel arbre peuvent ne pas être fiables. La confiance dans une affirmation phylogénétique ne peut émerger qu'après une comparaison de résultats obtenus par des données indépendantes.<br />Dans un premier temps, la présente thèse propose de mesurer la fiabilité d'un clade à partir d'un indice de répétition prenant en compte le nombre d'occurrences obtenues pour ce clade sur un ensemble d'analyses de données indépendantes, c'est-à-dire peu susceptibles de donner lieu aux mêmes biais de reconstruction. Plus un clade est obtenu un nombre élevé de fois de cette façon, plus il peut être considéré comme fiable. Il est également tenu compte de la présence ou non de clades eux-mêmes répétés et incompatibles avec le clade d'intérêt. Plus un clade est contredit par un clade possédant un grand nombre d'occurrences, moins il doit être considéré comme fiable.<br />Dans une deuxième partie, l'indice de répétition est calculé à partir d'une série d'analyses mettant en jeu environ 200 taxons et basées sur quatre marqueurs nucléaires: Rhodopsine, MLL4, IRBP et RNF213 (ce dernier étant utilisé ici pour la première fois). Ces marqueurs sont analysés suivant des méthodes probabilistes, séparément et en combinaisons de 2, 3 ou 4, ce qui permet de bénéficier des avantages de l'analyse combinée tout en ayant des séries de résultats indépendants à comparer.<br />Les résultats de l'analyse de fiabilité sont ensuite synthétisés sous forme d'arbres incluant en priorité les clades les plus fiables, suivant des méthodes gérant de plusieurs façons les différences d'échantillonnages taxinomiques entre les jeux de données.<br />Les arbres de synthèse obtenus permettent de préciser la structure de la phylogénie des téléostéens acanthomorphes (Actinopterygii : Teleostei). De nouveaux clades fiables sont identifiés à plusieurs niveaux de résolution, et de nouveaux taxons sont placés dans la phylogénie des téléostéens acanthomorphes.

L'objectif de cette thèse est de contribuer sur un plan conceptuel, méthodologique et managérial au nouveau champ de recherche qui se développe depuis plusieurs années autour du concept de personnalité de la marque. Cette recherche s'inspire des différentes théories de la personnalité humaine et du concept de soi pour appréhender la relation existante entre la marque et le consommateur. L'ensemble de ces réflexions permet de légitimer la métaphore conceptuelle de la personnalité de la marque. Par ailleurs, une démarche spécifique est proposée pour développer une échelle de mesure de la personnalité qui soit applicable et pertinente pour le domaine des marques. Aussi, une étude qualitative et cinq études empiriques permettent de définir, de stabiliser et de valider la structure du « baromètre de personnalité des marques ». Finalement, le modèle conceptuel testé a pour objectif de vérifier le pouvoir prédictif de la personnalité de la marque sur le comportement du consommateur (attachement à la marque et intention d'achat) dans le domaine spécifique des parfums. Des variables modératrices telles que l'âge, la sensibilité et la fidélité générale à la marque sont également intégrées au modèle global. Les résultats de cette sixième étude empirique menée auprès de 838 consommateurs confirment l'influence de la personnalité de la marque sur le comportement du consommateur et mettent en exergue l'existence d'une congruence entre la personnalité de la marque et celle du consommateur. Des analyses complémentaires proposent une nouvelle mesure factorielle de cette congruence et attestent aussi de son caractère prédictif sur l'attachement à la marque et l'intention d'achat. L'ensemble de ces résultats offre de multiples implications managériales notamment en termes de positionnement et de communication. En effet, le baromètre de personnalité des marques atteste d'un très fort pouvoir différenciateur et peut donc permettre aux responsables opérationnels de singulariser leurs marques à partir de leur profil de personnalité.

Bakgrund: Internprissättning är ett välkänt verktyg för att värdesätta transaktioner av varor och tjänster inom en organisation. Frekvent förekommande syften med internprissättning är att kunna möjliggöra rättvis resultatbedömning av enheter samt att bidra till kostnadsmedvetenhet hos personal. Många ekonomiska styrverktyg, däribland internprissättning, är från början framtagna för att passa privata organisationer men trots detta har offentlig sektor under de senaste decennierna i allt större utsträckning anammat styrverktygen i hopp om en effektivare verksamhet med högre kvalitet. Trots att internprissättningen är ett populärt styrmedel saknas det empiriska studier kring hur Sveriges kommuner använder och påverkas av den. Syfte: Att kartlägga och beskriva hur Sveriges kommuner utformar och använder internprissättning samt att utveckla en modell för framtagande av målkongruent internprissättning i kommunerna. Metod: Studien har huvudsakligen genomförts med en kvantitativ forskningsansats i form av en enkätstudie. Enkäten skickades ut till Sveriges samtliga 290 kommuner och en svarsfrekvens på 37 procent erhölls. Som komplement till enkätstudien, samt för att få en mer heltäckande bild och djupare förståelse för dess resultat, har även en kvalitativ fallstudie på Norrköpings kommun genomförts. Resultat och slutsatser: Kommunala enheter är ofta tilldelade ett resultatansvar där de tycks ha begränsade möjligheter att påverka intäktssidan. De syften kommunerna har med internprissättning är främst att öka kostnadsmedvetenheten hos personalen och kostnadseffektiviteten i verksamheten, vilka även är de vanligast identifierade effekterna. En klar majoritet av Sveriges kommuner använder självkostnad som metod för internprissättning och internprissättningens utformning sker högt upp i den kommunala hierarkin, vanligtvis på kommunfullmäktige- eller kommunstyrelsenivå. Internpriserna tas mestadels fram via uppgjorda prislistor och därefter sker internavräkning med hjälp av automatkontering. Huvudsakligen förekommer inga bestämda regler eller normer för den interna handeln. Ett flertal kommuner har upplevt att internprissättningen har bidragit till suboptimerande effekter och vi anser att den teoribildning som finns om internprissättning ofta inte är relevant för Sveriges kommuner. Vi har därför utvecklat en modell för framtagande av målkongruent internprissättning i Sveriges kommuner. / Background: Transfer pricing is a well-known and popular tool used to evaluate charges for goods and services traded within an organization. Frequently used motives for transfer pricing are to allow a fair assessment of the performance made by units within an organization as well as contribute to the cost-consciousness among employees. Most of today’s management control systems, such as transfer pricing, were originally designed to fit private organizations. Despite this, the public sector has increasingly adopted the systems in hope of developing more efficient operations with higher quality. Even though transfer pricing is a popular management tool, there is a lack of empirical studies concerning how it is used in Sweden’s municipalities and how they are affected by it. Aim: To identify and describe how Sweden’s municipalities manage and design transfer pricing, as well as to develop a model for goal congruent transfer pricing in the municipalities. Methodology: The study was primarily conducted by a quantitative research approach in which a survey was the basis. The survey was sent out to all of Sweden’s 290 municipalities, to which a response rate of 37 percent was obtained. To supplement the survey, and to get a more comprehensive picture and deeper understanding of its results, a qualitative case study was carried out in the municipality of Norrköping. Key findings and conclusions: Local government units often seem to be assigned the responsibility of a profit center, even though they have limited possibilities to influence revenues. The motives for transfer pricing in Sweden’s municipalities are mainly to increase cost-awareness among staff and cost efficiency in operations, and these are also the most commonly identified effects. A clear majority of Sweden’s municipalities use full cost as transfer pricing method and the compositional transfer price design is generally handled high up in the municipal hierarchy, usually by the municipal council or the municipal executive board. Transfer prices are usually presented in a fixed list containing agreed prices and the transactions are automatically booked. Generally, Sweden’s municipalities have no defined rules or standards for internal trade. A number of Swedish municipalities are experiencing that their transfer pricing system have contributed to sub-optimization. We also find that existing theory on the field is often lacking relevance for Swedish municipalities. Because of this we have developed a model for goal congruent transfer pricing which is adapted for use in Sweden’s municipalities.

This study examines how management consulting firms work with business- and functional strategy and how these strategies are interrelated. More specifically we focus on business strategy (business unit level) and knowledge strategy (functional level) and whether these are aligned or not, i.e. whether strategic congruence exists. A number of recent studies have examined the importance of business strategy and knowledge strategy in management consulting firms separately, but few have pointed out the importance of the alignment between them. With this study we contribute to the strategic field of research with a model that describes how management consulting firms should work with their knowledge strategy given their business strategy. The model is developed through a synthesis between theories in the field of strategic congruence, business- and functional strategies and thereafter tested by an empirical case study of six management consulting firms. Our main contribution with the model is the finding that the degree of customization is a determining factor of what type of knowledge strategy the firm should undertake. Given a high degree of customization we argue that it is strategic congruent to put an emphasis on personalization as the firms knowledge strategy. With a similar logic we argue that when the degree of customization is lower, the firm should focus on a knowledge strategy like codification. Further, in contrast with former studies, our findings show that it is strategic congruent to work with personalization and codification parallelly. Through our analysis we found that it is strategic congruent to put an emphasis on either personalization or codification in different project phases. We propose that it is a good fit to focus on codification in the beginning of a management consulting project and conversely focus more on personalization in the latter part. In contrast with earlier studies, we can not see why it should be harmful to focus on both strategies parallelly, given that this focus changes over time in a project. Finally, an interesting finding of our case studies is that all of the researched firms want to codify more knowledge and it seems to be easier today than for ten years ago to motivate consultants to codify their knowledge.

According to human nature of having a taste for beauty, advertisers heavily rely on physical attractive male and female models as the product spokespersons to enhance consumers¡¦ liking of the ad, and this is so-called ¡§What-is-beautiful-is-good stereotype.¡¨ Previous research focuses on the impact of physical attractiveness of models on consumer perceptions and advertising persuasion. However, service is different from products due to the high intangibility and interaction with consumers. Therefore, this research takes one step forward to examine how a service provider¡¦s physical attractiveness influences advertising persuasion. The present study uses experimental design to investigate the advertising effects of service provider¡¦s physical attractiveness (high vs. moderate), gender congruence between service provider and customer (congruent gender vs. incongruent gender), and type of service (search service vs. experience service). Thus, 2x2x2 factorial design is conducted. The ad effects are measured by attitudes toward the ad and purchase intention toward the ad to observe the responses under eight different and fictitious scenarios. The results indicate that, a highly attractive service provider is not necessarily more effective than a moderately attractive one. When promoting a service with search attributes, either gender congruence between service provider and consumer or service provider¡¦s physical attractiveness matters in advertising persuasion. When promoting a service with experience attributes, a moderately attractive service provider is more effective than a highly attractive one in the condition of the same gender between provider and consumer. The findings suggest that companies and marketers should take account of not only the match-up of service attributes and physical attractiveness but also the target customer gender to enhance their advertising persuasion.

The goal of this research is to better understand the gap between the consumer's actual self image versus their perceived ideal image; in which, could help an online retail company to respond more effectively and provide a better service to its target customer with an added goal of reducing the rate of returns. A two-phased mixed methods approach was applied to this research to test for participants perceived and actual ideas of themselves, as well as their attitudes towards ideals. The first phase consisted of manual measurements taken and recorded, following a semi-structured interviewed. The second phase consisted of a 3D scan (digital measurements) taken and recorded followed by a four question survey comprising of three Likert questions, and one open ended question, concluding with researcher observations noted. The results showed that while the participants were mostly congruent with regards to size, they were mostly incongruent with regards to shape, and had zero congruence between the actual and the ideal self. All participants also experienced varying levels of fit issues with several areas mentioned, though pants/bottoms being the number one fit struggle. All participants expressed interested in the 3D scanning technology, felt it was easy to use, but there was a lack of continuity between participant self-reported survey answers, and their verbal answers as well as research observations.