策略的目的是在特定的競爭環境中，憑藉企業的特質條件為它創造競爭地位或發展的方向，也就是創造具競爭性的差異優勢，使企業得以順利發展和持續成長。在競爭的環境中，組織能耐常會隨著時間經過而演化；演化的方式會隨著技術本身的特性、外部市場競爭強弱、與內部的組織與管理特性的差異，而有所不同。除此之外，體制環境會影響整個產業內的創新速率，因而對廠商的能耐演化造成影響。但是在環境急速變動的情況下，組織能耐要完全由內部產生不但不可能，而且其速度亦嫌過於緩慢，再加上現代企業的專業分工網絡，企業必須與客戶、供應商、甚至競爭同業合作，以獲得相關的資訊與技術；在企業的發展歷程中，如何有效提升內部經營管理及促進組織之間的知識交流與能耐移轉，便成為組織管理的重要課題。 本研究以一家台灣本土醫藥公司，在台灣生技製藥產業的架構下，創業、轉型、成長的發展歷程，仔細描述影響企業發展的關鍵因素 ─ 企業策略轉變、環境變動、能耐演化，以及企業內部管理提升，彼此之間如何相互配適，並塑造出企業的獨特發展路徑；茲藉由個案公司過去的回顧，描繪其成長的軌跡，作為其未來發展路徑的參考。 / Under the favorable government policy support and a well-established regulatory environment, there are more and more new start-up companies established in Taiwan biotechnology and pharmaceutical industry in the past dacade. However, most of the new emerging companies are still facing very difficult situation. New drug discovery is one kind of long-term time-consuming and heavily cash-investment-needed business. Besides, Taiwan is a small market in the world. The market potential can not afford to develop a R&D based local pharmaceutical company. However, biotechnology and pharmaceutical industry is a very diversified and versatile industry. Under such circumstances, how does a biotech and pharmaceutical company make use of the limited resources and scarce capital assets to identify the niche market, create a new business model, develop the corporate competence, and construct the internal operation to strengthen the core business and secure a sustainable growth in the industry? Besides, due to the evolution of the modern tools including genomic science, bioinformatics, high-through-put screening machine, and gene therapy, the speed of new drug discovery becomes much faster and much more efficient, but the product life cycle also becomes much shorter. How does a local company play in such a highly competitive, technically professional, and dramatically changed environment? This study tracks the growth path of a local pharmaceutical company to show how the key factors, which are, environmental uncertainty, the development of core competence in the firm, and the choice of a successful strategy by top management and the organization, can be manipulated in the entrepreneurial firm that grows rapidly and formalizes its structure and internal operation. The growth path of the company in the past years could be interpretated as the mutual interactions (dynamic fit) of those key factors. Evenmore, the interaction consequences influence the strategic intent to confront the changing environment, and facilitate the practice of the law and the establishment of a government policy. Besides, in order to improve the whole healthcare system in certain medical care, the company develops a new operation model to run the specific business. Traditionally, most pharmaceutical companies are pursuing market-oriented product management, instead of sales-oriented business management. Nowadays, most multi-national firms are actively involved in disease management to expand the market share of certain disease. However, how to integrate the healthcare system and strengthen individual disease management under the specific healthcare system has become a new operation model of a pharmaceutical company to a specific market segment. The company has to work together and closely with the stakeholders, such as health authorities, medical societies, patient associations, healthcare personnel, and the patients themselves to improve the whole healthcare system and even the policy of the law, regulatory, social, and welfare system in the specific medical care, as well.

This dissertation is written on the company belonging to the group of the world largest producer of passenger cars and light trucks.There were identified major problems during last few years. During the first half of 2006 there was announced a sale of 51 % of company to an investor. The original mission was to serve and support sales of concern brands. The new shareholder is an investment corporation and has already announced the expectation of high increase of volumes and also the level of profitability. The subject of this dissertation is to provide Strategic analyze and redefine the Business Strategies of the selected Strategic Business Units in accordance with new needs and requirements related to the new investorś entry.

The master’s thesis deals with Balanced Scorecard implementation within a company environment. The object of the thesis is to increase the effectiveness of strategic management which can be achieved through proper implementation of the method. The theoretical section explains the basic concepts of strategic management, followed by the description of method BSC, its implementation and risks. The practical part is focused on creating a business strategy and the model BSC implementation in particular company. As an auxiliary tool for management decision making a fuzzy model was developed and then a dialogue is held with fuzzy expert system.

近年來，先近諸國無不提出各自版本的「4.0高科技發展策略」，在此先進科技架構下，過去不斷討論的「機器取代人力」的爭論再次浮現。本研究將探討的是：在不久後的將來，4.0高科技發展策略的科技發展是否會威脅人們的工作？又，哪些工作可能被取代？以及工作模式會產生哪些改變？另外，在前述工作的轉變下，企業及社會制度（法政策）應做好怎樣的準備？ 　　本研究由先進諸國對此議題的探討以及政策目標著手，統整包括各國以4.0高科技發展策略的四大核心科技所訂下的策略，以及各領域專家對科技造成工作種類（哪些工作會消失或改變）及型態（勞動彈性化、遠距工作、獨立的知識工作者）轉變的看法、對法政策層次造成的衝擊，接著由前述文獻探討的結果，自行統整出的框架，以套用在台灣現況。 　　前述分析完成後，則聚焦台灣，從產業、社會狀況及政策等層次分析台灣是否已經準備好迎接這波浪潮，以及台灣有何優勢劣勢等。最後，訪談企業個案，並了解以下議題：企業使用4.0高科技發展策略的科技狀況、企業個案對未來的規劃與預測以及個案認為台灣社會應做的準備，並套用上述的各國及台灣文獻分析結果，提出針對企業個案的建議：包括判斷企業內的哪些工作能在新科技介入後更有效率，具體判斷程序為何？以及對個案形塑未來科技化職場的短程及長程建議等。根據上述企業所做的調整建議，亦可提供台灣社會反思的機會，並在研究的最後提出對這波自動化浪潮台灣所應做的準備，在法政策面向上尚有哪些不足。 　　本研究分析由各學者提出的理論，統合意見後認為:企業層次方面，在資源有限的狀況下，面臨4.0高科技發展策略科技導入議題的取捨時，應描繪出未來的企業的圖像，方能明確目標，以量販流通業個案為例：應思索要側重電商自動化或是實體賣場無人化，方有助於排定先後順序，以集中資源提升企業競爭力，行有餘力，則可兩者兼顧；為協助前項建議，本研究提出3W分析法，建議企業就工作說明書進行分析，統整出哪些工作較具有被取代的潛力、時程如何，套用3W分析法的優點在於，企業可思索那些工作可由科技優化，讓企業更能綜觀企業內勞動力狀況，明確策略目標的同時，以漸進式的手法導入科技，改變工作種類及型態，並且，亦可做為提供員工訓練設計的重要依據；至於在台灣社會方面，根據分析，在未來不同時程下，例行性、可預測性的工作將大受威脅，另外，勞動市場將可能變得懸殊化，在勞動法制的領域上應加強彈性安全的勞動市場模式，可參考先進國家的做法，並進一步思索未來無條件基本收入制的可行性。

This Diploma thesis concretely analyses methods promotion of products, meaning of marketing department in a company and means of promotion efficiency meansurement. It further analyses existing marketing structure of the company Tescan, Ltd. and it contains recommendations and proposals of improvement present position for this company.

Práce představuje v širším kontextu paradigmata servisně orientované ekonomiky a ukazuje jejich vliv na podnikové a firemní strategie. Pokouší se dát dohromady tradiční modely podnikových a firemních strategií s nově vznikající vědou o službách. Práce ukazuje hlavní myšlenky servisně orientované ekonomiky v porovnání s tradiční produktovou ekonomikou. Jako výsledek srovnání práce poukazuje na potřebu nového přístupu k byznysu, který vychází z aktuálního dění ve světě. Práce přináší sadu doporučení pro formulace podnikových a firemních strategií v servisní ekonomice. V praktické části jsou výsledky demonstrovány a použity pro strategii ve vybrané firmě.

Le travail de terrain s'est réalisé au cours de ces quinzes dernières années au sein du Groupe Mondragon au Pays basque espagnol, groupe qui constitue actuellement le plus grand réseau mondial d'entreprises coopératives. Ce groupe détient en plus deux particularités majeures. L'une étant de posséder un grand échantillon d'entreprises coopératives industrielles en concurrence à l'échelle mondiale avec de grandes multinationales. L'autre étant celle d'être constitué d'une très grande majorité d'entreprises coopératives aux mains de leurs travailleurs. Ce qu'on appelle couramment l'Expérience Coopérative de Mondragon est reconnue comme étant une expérience unique de plus de soixante ans d'existence. Notre question de recherche: Comment évolue dans un contexte actuel l'identité organisationnelle au sein du Groupe Mondragon?, est issue d'une problématique issue du terrain. Et c'est à partir d'une recherche-intervention sur deux cas d'entreprises coopératives industrielles que nous avons été amené à réfléchir sur l'évolution de l'identité organisationnelle au sein de ces deux coopératives et de là-même au sein du Groupe Mondragon dans son ensemble. / The field work has been carried out over the past fifteen years within the Mondragon Group in the Spanish Basque Country. Which is currently the world's largest network of cooperative enterprises. This group has also two major characteristics. One is to have a large sample of industrial cooperative enterprises competing globally with large multinationals. The other is that it consists of a very large majority of cooperative enterprises in the hands of their workers. What is commonly known as Mondragon Cooperative Experience is recognized as an unique experience of more than sixty years of existence. Our research question: How is the organizational identity evolving within the Mondragon Group in a current context?, is the result of a field issue. And it is on the basis of an intervention research on two cases of industrial cooperative enterprises that we were led to reflect on the evolution of the organizational identity within these two cooperatives and from there within the Mondragon Group as a whole. This consideration of the evolution of the organizational identity leads not only to consider the strategic directions chosen by the Group Mondragon but also the implemented policies of leadership and coaching to encourage the identification of the co-workers of Mondragon within their cooperatives. In this work, the researcher adopted a constructivist epistemology. He conducted a broad review of the literature on organizational identity in particular and its extensive nomological network.

L’internationalisation des chaînes de valeur fait l’objet de nombreuses recherches macroéconomiques ou ciblées sur des secteurs majoritairement civils. En se concentrant sur l’industrie de défense, cette thèse évalue comment ce processus de fragmentation fonctionnelle et géographique peut s’appliquer à un secteur hautement régulé par les Etats et dont les échanges internationaux sont très strictement encadrés.Cette recherche apporte plusieurs estimations du niveau d’internationalisation de l’industrie navale de défense française, à partir de données originales de Naval Group. Si les programmes relatifs à la dissuasion nucléaire sont très peu internationalisés, de nombreux facteurs concourent à l’internationalisation de la filière : exigences de contenu local et transferts de technologie des clients étrangers, intégration de technologies civiles ou duales, stratégies d’internationalisation. Enfin, le recours au concept de modularité permet de montrer que l’évolution du processus productif s’accompagne souvent d’une évolution de l’architecture des produits. / Many research works have already been dedicated to the internationalization of value chains. Whereas this research is often performed through macroeconomics or focused on civilian sectors, this thesis examines how the process of functional and geographic unbundling can apply to such a regulated sector as the defense industry, where exports are strictly controlled by states.Based on original data provided by Naval Group, this dissertation set out several estimates of the internationalization level of French navy programs. Although programs related to nuclear deterrence remain almost exclusively « made in France », many factors contribute to the internationalization of value chains in the naval industry: transfer of technology, local content requirements, integration of commercial or dual-use technologies, internationalization corporate strategies. Referring to the concept of modularity, this thesis reveals that changes in production process can foster innovation in product architecture.

The thesis includes business intention of construction company in the form of a feasibility study. Planned company deals with the realization of timber-framed buildings that are built by hand directly on the construction site. The introductory part describes basic knowledge of the investment projects planning. One subchapter shortly describes the timber construction system. Parts of the business intention are oriented on corporate strategy, marketing, production technology, manpower, economic a financial analysis and risk management. In conclusion is an overall assessment of the project feasibility.

The aim of this diploma thesis is to create a corporate strategy of a company, which will lead to a new definition of SBUs and provide us with main direction for business strategy of each SBU. The thesis consists of theoretical knowledge of the subject related to strategy and strategy analysis of current position of the company.