L’Algérie, c'est ce beau pays occupant la partie centrale de l'Afrique du Nord.Conquise par la France le 5 juillet 1830, elle fait partie intégrante de son passé colonial. Pourpermettre son essor, il a fallu la doter d'institutions propres, adapter à ses besoins les lois, lesusages, les services publics de la métropole. Cent trente deux ans d'occupation quil'imprègnent de cette volonté de faire de l’Algérie un prolongement de la métropole.L'étude la profession d'avocat en Algérie, de 1830 à 1962, permet d'en révéler lesorigines juridiques jusque-là inexplorées. L'une des révélations majeures est l'inexistence dela profession d'avocat en tant qu'organisation professionnelle réglementée par la loi. Uneétude qui met en lumière un demi-siècle de combat des avocats français installés en Algériepour conquérir les mêmes droits et prérogatives que leurs confrères métropolitains. Au-delà,elle contribue à mettre en évidence, dès le début du XXe siècle, le clivage entre Français etAlgériens dont les droits diffèrent incontestablement. L'avocat endosse alors le rôle derégulateur social pour apaiser les querelles et concilier les intérêts. / Algeria is this beautiful country making up the central part of North Africa.Conquered by France on July 5, 1830, Algeria belongs to its colonial past. In order forAlgeria to take its flight, it needed its own institutions but also, it needed to adapt the laws,uses and public services of France. One hundred thirty two years of occupation make up forthe desire to have Algeria be an extension of France.Studying the profession of lawyer in Algeria between 1830 and 1962 (date of itsindependance) allows to look at the legal origins never before explored. One of its majorrevelations is the inexistance of the profession of a lawyer as a professional organizationgoverned by laws. A study that brings to light half a century of a battle of French lawyers toconquer the same laws and prerogatives than the French. Furthermore, the thesis contributesto show, as early as the beginning of the twentieth century, the cleavage between France andAlgeria whose laws differ considerably. A lawyer has the role of a social mediator to quellconflicts and bring together the interests of all.

No description available.

Depuis ses origines, le film de montagne est un genre filmique qui recoupe la civilisation occidentale. Il s'inscrit dans l'évolution historique de la montagne et contribue à la reconstruction médiatisée de l'imaginaire ancestral, notamment au travers d'une révolution qui mêle un large faisceau de perceptions et de projections. Le genre peut être entendu comme un objet occidental, créé et façonné selon des codes particuliers, contrairement à d'autres sociétés qui ont certes représenté la montagne, mais de manière différente. L'ancrage du genre est d'abord européo-occidental puis occidental, et montre une prédilection pour la représentation de certaines valeurs civilisationnelles fortes. Il s'en suit une uniformisation des thématiques et codes représentés à l'écran, de l'ascension au capitalisme en passant par l'aventure « extrême » exportée à l'international. / Since its origins, the mountain film is a Genre in connection with the Western civilization. It fits into the historical evolution of the mountain and helps mediated reconstruction of ancestral imaginary, especially through a revolution that mixes a wide ensemble of perceptions and projections. The mountain film can be understood as a Western object, created and shaped by specific codes, unlike other societies that show the mountain in different ways. The genre take place in western Europe, since in western civilization, and shows a predilection for the representation of strong civilizational values. It follows a standardization of themes and codes shown on films : ascent, capitalism, « extreme » adventure exported internationally.

The diploma thesis deals with a healthy life style and its influence on the most frequent civilization diseases. In the subsequent parts there has been elaborated a questionnaire with the main topic -- healthy life style. Based on this questionnaire are also the results which confirm or contradict the hypotheses formulated in the process of the presented diploma thesis.

This study presents an analysis of Chinese trade ceramic data from a stratified burial site in the Philippines representing two main proto-historic periods in the 12th and 14th centuries A.D. An ethnographic model constructed from ethno-historical data is used to generate hypotheses which are evaluated by means of quantitative analyses designed to test for social complexity in each period. The results of analyses are then assessed in terms of symbolic patterns derived from the ethnographic model. The research framework includes the construction of a methodological structure designed to incorporate both processual and symbolic approaches to archaeological analysis. The Pila cultural system is treated as an open, non-homeostatic system incorporating tangible and intangible elements, some aspects of which are not amenable to exact definition or measurement. Major areas of focus include the trade sub-system, the social sub-system and the ritual subsystem. Hypotheses test for social differentiation in terms of wealth, descent, social roles, and specialization of function; for hierarchy and centralization in terms of corporate control; for symbolic content of artifacts and ritual patterns; and for culture change in terms of increased social complexity in the later period. Analyses involve the evaluation of quantitative differences in amount of goods; patterns of spatial distribution throughout the site and within individual burials; and comparisons of burial treatment between individuals and between sub-groups. Major areas of theoretical concern include the question of status differentiation in prehistory, and the extent to which inferences can be made from mortuary patterns; the relationship between material culture, social organization and ideology; and the effects of prolonged long-distance trade on the internal complexity of a cultural group. I conclude that in Pila, mortuary patterns represent an accurate reflection of socio-cultural patterns in general. The results of the analyses support the applicability of the ethnographic model of Pila as an egalitarian society with a prominent ideological component in which Chinese ceramics played an important role. I conclude that a recursive relationship is seen to exist between material culture, social organization and ideology. In particular, that the physical characteristics of Chinese ceramics, characterized by durability, resonance, impermeability and light-reflecting glazes, caused them to become closely identified with all aspects of ritual, and to reinforce the ideological patterns of Pila. These ideological patterns include a belief in powerful ancestor and nature spirits which control all aspects of life and death. Associated with this are petitionary rituals of every kind, conducted mainly within the family circle in a one-to-one relationship with the spirits, and involving the use of Chinese ceramics as important ritual objects. The mortuary data also indicates that culture change, characterized by a slight general increase in social complexity, occurred between the earlier and later cultural periods. This increase in social complexity appears to be associated with the long-standing trading contacts with China, in terms of economic impact as well as diffusion of certain cultural elements. / Arts, Faculty of / Anthropology, Department of / Graduate

The thesis explores the vexed concept of Heimat in recent German culture. Heimat evokes an exclusive group, founded on the idea of the unity and homogeneity of its members. Conflicts arise around the concept because it constructs oppositions between those who belong and those who do not, insiders and outsiders, the domestic and known in opposition to the foreign and strange. Historically, the concept has been used to tell a story about the cohesion of the German nation; it has also, however, been used to assimilate, eliminate, or exile its Others. The thesis examines how the legacies of the concept and its narrative reverberate through the nation-building process of Germany today. The concept of Heimat is active in films, literature, the law and contemporary German society. The argument is that the concept of Heimat still shapes German identity in ways that use old forms and oppositions to respond to recent social changes. It is argued further that the tensions around the concept have not diminished, but are spreading into many different areas of German everyday life. Two films by Edgar Reitz provide the starting point for exploring the tensions around Heimat in contemorary German culture. Following readings of texts by Jewish-German, Austrian- German, Swiss-German, Persian-German, Rumanian-German, East and West German authors show the concept persisting in different forms with different consequences, according to the different cultural contexts. In each of these contexts, the concept of German Heimat produces both social cohesion and social tensions. As much as people are united by the concept, they are also driven apart by its differentiating and disintegrating mechanisms. Motivated by the search for communal intimacy, the concept also has the effect of controlling and manipulating what appears different and alien. As such a network of interests and strategies it is not merely closed, fixed and bounded, as desired perhaps by the dominant cultural groups, but rather open for contestation and negotiation within and across national borders. / Arts, Faculty of / Central Eastern Northern European Studies, Department of / Graduate

M.A. / The school constitutes the main institution, to which modernsocieties assign the systematic socialization of each new generation. Indubitably the school handbook constitutes the basic tool in this process, as it is the main means of teaching and its use is more frequent than all the other means. In particular the books that are used for the teaching of the Greek language to Greek children abroad (outside mainland Greece) function, with their content and with their appearance, as ambassadors of Greece abroad. The analysis and evaluation of these books provide important information on the ideology, the cultural identity, the culture and the total experiences of learning by the scholars. Recognizing, therefore, the role, the big value and also the power that school handbooks have, in the molding and the behaviour of young scholars, I truly consider my Post-graduate work, interesting. It has as its subject: "The image of Greece and hellenism as presented in the two main series of manuals for Greek diaspora pupils", both of which are used for the teaching of the Greek language to Greek children abroad". The series "I LEARN GREEK" constitutes a production made possible through the collaboration of the Pedagogical Institute of Greece and the Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of North America.It was published in 1993 and it is addressed to scholars aged 6 to 14 years, who are taught the Greek language in various types of schools in the USA. In practice, however, Greek schools worldwide use the series. The series "THINGS AND LETTERS" is a production of the University of Crete. It was first published on an experimental basis in 1999 and is addressed to Greek children of the Diaspora. The purpose of the present postgraduate study was to seek out how Greece and Hellenism are presented in the contents of the above-mentioned series of instruction material. The question that occupied me was whether the particular series of books accomplished, through the teaching of the language, the transfer to young scholars of 571 elements of Geography, Greek history, of Greek culture, Greek tradition, cultural heritage, orthodoxy, daily reality of modern Greece. The final aim was to find the messages that the scholars receive and the picture that forms in their minds of Greece and Hellenism on finishing their schooling and having being taught Greek with either series even if they have never visited Greece. The first part of my work constitutes the theoretical part of my study and is constituted of two chapters. The first chapter is an introductory study whilst the second refers to Greek migration and the Diaspora and later to the Greek speaking education abroad. Reference is made to the aims, the forms, the institutions, and the means of support of Greek education abroad and includes a historical review of the implementation of Greek-speaking education as organized from Greece. In this chapter also mention is made of the Greek School abroad, the teaching personnel, the student population, the role of the parents and local Greek Communities. Special reference is made, naturally, to Greek-speaking education in South Africa. The second part of my work consists of tables and statistical charts totaling, roughly 350 pages. Here there is a record of all references that are contained in the series "I LEARN GREEK" and "THINGS AND LETTERS" that have connection or relation with Greece and Hellenism and are classified in eight (8) broad categories. The categories are: Greece as a holiday destination Religion Cultural identity Hellenism abroad (Outside Greece) Geography Modern Greece

This study argues for a transition from imperialism to internationalism in British Columbia educational thought, policy and practice from 1900 to 1939. Three contrasting and complementary internationalist orientations were dominant in British Columbia during that period. Some educators embraced an altruistic “socially transformative internationalism” built on social gospel, pacifist, social reform, cooperative and progressivist notions. This contrasted with a self-interested “competitive advantage internationalism,” more explicitly economic, capitalist and entrepreneurial. A third type was instrumental and practical, using international comparisons and borrowing to support or help explain the other two. The thesis pays special attention to province-wide developments both in government and out. These include the work of the British Columbia Teachers’ Federation (BCTF), of several voluntary organizations, and provincial Department of Education policy and programme innovations. Examples include the rise, demise, and revival of cadet training, technical education, Department curriculum policy, and the work of the Overseas Education League, the National Council on Education, the Junior Red Cross, the World Goodwill Society of British Columbia, the Vancouver Board of Trade, and the League of Nations Society in Canada. A diverse array of BCTF leaders, parents, teachers, voluntary organizations, students, educational policy makers and bureaucrats, editorialists, the general public, and the provincial government supported international education and internationalist outlooks. The argument is supported chiefly by organizational and government documents, by editorials, letters, articles, commentaries, conference reports, and speeches in The B.C. Teacher, by Department of Education and sundry other reports, by League of Nations materials, and by newspapers and other publications. Distinctive imperially-minded educational ideas and practices prevailed in British Columbia from about 1900 to the mid-1920s, whereas explicitly internationalist education notions and practices complemented or overshadowed imperial education from about 1919 to 1939. The transition from imperialism to internationalism in British Columbia education and society coincided with Canada’s industrialization in an interdependent global economy, and its maturation into an independent self governing nation within the Commonwealth and League of Nations. / Education, Faculty of / Educational Studies (EDST), Department of / Graduate

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / To understand the way the Brazilian Army officers were trained throughout the XIX century, either through civil and military academies or through their own efforts in pursuing their studies, that involved various fields of knowledge, is the main objective of this study that also intends to analyze the effective participation and contribution of these officers, along with a group of intellectuals from the state of Sergipe, in the political, economical, social, and educational development of this province. By doing so, it intends to dismantle a stereotype that was formed about the referred-to group, a stereotype that this group belongs to a social category of people who lack intellectual qualities. Such affirmation, added to the idea the republicans of the beginning of the XX century passed on to future generations, that during the years of the imperial regime little or nothing was done in the province of Sergipe due to a lack of intellectual values, led to a situation in which few researchers showed interest in studying the 1800 s. Through Jacques Le Goff s concepts of history, added to the sociological interpretations of Norbert Elias, Michel Foucault and Pierre Bourdieu, as well as to the analysis of Jean François Sirinelli, Norberto Bobbio and Sérgio Micelli about the concept of the term intellectual , we can give answers to the hypothesis that were thought of for this research by using as a starting point and as support, the studies of researchers that approached this problem on a national level, people such as the professors José Murilo de Carvalho e Celso Castro, as well as the works of the professors Eugênia Andrade Vieira da Silva e Andreza Santos Cruz, who dealt with the problem on a local level. The necessity of looking for unprecedented sources or the ones that had been little explored forced this research to happen in the depth of the Army Historical Archive, the National Archive, the Collection of the Portuguese Royal Bureau of Reading, the National Library, and in other sites of research that went beyond the limits of the collection of the Historical and Geographical Institute of Sergipe and the Public Collection of Sergipe. This way, we expect to contribute to the motivation and elucidation of the debate regarding the role the military and their institutions had with the other members that made up the social configuration of Sergipe. / Compreender a dinâmica formacional dos oficiais do Exército Brasileiro ao longo do século XIX, seja através das academias civis e militares, seja por conta dos seus estudos independentes acerca dos mais diversos campos do saber é o objetivo principal deste estudo que visa também analisar a participação destes oficiais junto ao seio da intelectualidade sergipana ao contribuírem efetivamente para o desenvolvimento político, econômico, social e educacional desta província. Desta forma, pretende-se desconstruir um estereotipo que se formou sobre a referida classe, de que estes pertencem a uma categoria social desprovida de quaisquer qualidades intelectuais. Esta afirmação, somada a manipulação do imaginário social por parte dos republicanos do início do século XX, que legaram para as gerações futuras a idéia de que durante os anos do regime imperial pouco ou nada se fez na Província de Sergipe, por ser esta, terra desprovida de valores intelectuais, uma vez que seus ilustrados não encontrariam aqui as oportunidades necessárias para desenvolver suas atividades, fez com que poucas pesquisas se interessassem pelos estudos locados nos anos oitocentos. Através dos conceitos historiográficos de Jacques Le Goff, somados às interpretações sociológicas de Norbert Elias, Michel Foucault e Pierre Bourdieu, além das análises de Jean François Sirinelli, Norberto Bobbio e Sérgio Micelli acerca da conceituação do termo intelectual , podemos dar respostas às hipóteses formuladas para esta pesquisa, utilizando como ponto de partida e de apoio os estudos de pesquisadores que abordaram o problema em nível nacional, como por exemplo, os professores José Murilo de Carvalho e Celso Castro, como também o trabalho das professoras Eugênia Andrade Vieira da Silva e Andreza Santos Cruz, que sinalizaram para a problemática em um nível mais local. A necessidade de buscar fontes inéditas ou pouco exploradas forçaram que parte desta pesquisa fosse realizada nos fundos do Arquivo Histórico do Exército, do Arquivo Nacional, no acervo do Real Gabinete Português de Leitura, na Biblioteca Nacional e em outros loci de pesquisa que transcendiam os limites fronteiriços do acervo do Instituto Histórico e Geográfico de Sergipe e do Arquivo Público de Sergipe. Desta forma, esperamos estar contribuindo para fomentar e elucidar um pouco mais o debate acerca das atuações dos militares e das suas instituições perante os demais membros da configuração social sergipana.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2015-12-14T15:38:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 deborafajardopontes.pdf: 1602460 bytes, checksum: 181d50cf0dfba54cfc37b9ebde967401 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2015-12-14T15:55:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 deborafajardopontes.pdf: 1602460 bytes, checksum: 181d50cf0dfba54cfc37b9ebde967401 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-14T15:55:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 deborafajardopontes.pdf: 1602460 bytes, checksum: 181d50cf0dfba54cfc37b9ebde967401 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-01-20 / Essa dissertação tem como proposta identificar as representações da sexualidade feminina em revistas brasileiras contemporâneas dirigidas à mulher. O objetivo é verificar o quanto essas representações distam, ou se aproximam, dos estereótipos femininos construídos ao longo da civilização ocidental. O corpus da pesquisa é formado por três publicações de editoras consolidadas no mercado brasileiro: Nova e Lola (já extinta), da Editora Abril, e Marie Claire, da Editora Globo, colecionadas por seis meses – de janeiro a junho de 2013. A fundamentação teórica inclui trabalhos de estudiosos do feminismo, da história das mulheres no mundo ocidental, da identidade como construção narrativa, das interações sociais e da comunicação. A Análise de Conteúdo categorial, como proposta por Laurence Bardin, foi a metodologia usada para analisar o material selecionado. Procedeu-se ainda a uma pesquisa de recepção com leitoras das respectivas revistas, cujo objetivo é averiguar a sua percepção relativa a esse produto. A pesquisa aponta para a ideia de “modernizar para não transformar” - característica encontrada nas revistas e acentuada nas últimas décadas. / The purpose of this dissertation is to identify different forms of female sexuality representation in contemporary Brazilian magazines aimed at female audiences. The specific aim is to verify how much these representations get close or far from long-standing feminine stereotypes built in Western civilization. The research corpus is composed of three publications by some traditional Brazilian printing houses: the Nova and Lola magazines (the last one already extinct) by Editora Abril and Marie Claire by Editora Globo, collected along six months – from January through June 2013. Theoretical fundamentals used in this work include results of research about feminism, the history of women in the Western world, identity as a narrative construction, social interactions and communication. Categorical content analysis, as a proposal by Laurence Bardin was the methodology used to analyze the selected material. A research work about the reception of this product has also been conducted. The overall conclusion suggests the existence of an idea of “modernizing in order not to transform” a characteristic that has been found in magazines and seems to have been highlighted in the last decades.