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21	Die Macht der Sterne Klingner, Annett 04 June 2018 (has links) Darstellungen der Planeten und ihrer Kinder gehörten zu den ersten paganen Bildern, die im Spätmittelalter produziert und rezipiert wurden. Während der rund 200 Jahre ihres hauptsächlichen Auftretens, bis zum Ende des 16. Jahrhunderts, erreichten sie eine enorme Popularität. Im Weltbild des Mittelalters und der frühen Neuzeit war jeder Mensch von dem Gestirn geprägt, unter dessen Einfluss er geboren wurde. Dieser Planet bestimmte, wie man körperlich und charakterlich beschaffen war, welchen Beruf man ausübte und welche gesellschaftliche Stellung man erwarten durfte. Der Geburtsmoment sorgte für eine lebenslange, familiäre Verbindung zum Gestirn, man wurde quasi zu dessen Kind. Die Macht der Sterne zeichnet die Entwicklung von der ersten Erwähnung der Planetenkinder in Schriftquellen, über die Herausbildung eines relativ stabilen ikonografischen Kanons in verschiedenen Medien, funktionsgebundene Variationen bis zum Aufgehen in anderen Bildgattungen nach. Die zumeist siebenteiligen Zyklen stellen sich als Teil eines weit ausgebauten Beziehungsgefüges und Verweissystems dar, in dem sich das jeweilige gesellschaftliche Bild der Zeit spiegelt. Die Darstellungen dokumentieren zudem zentrale Entwicklungen des individuellen Denkens bis zum Ende des 16. Jahrhunderts. Sie zeigen, wie das jeweils aktuelle kosmologische Verständnis und Wissen einem breiten Publikum durch Bilder vermittelt werden konnte, wie dies mit dem religiösen Leben vereinbar war oder sich im Alltag niederschlug. Planetenkinder-Darstellungen hatten im Verlauf ihrer Geschichte vielfältige Funktionen. In ihnen manifestierte sich die Vorstellung einer Einheit der Dinge in zahlreichen Analogien. Gezielt eingesetzt wurden die Bilder zur Markierung sozialer Aufstiege, politischer Interessen und der Reklamation von Machtansprüchen sowie der Repräsentation von Einfluss bzw. Verherrlichung von Auftraggebern. Die Bilder zeigen philosophische Diskurse auf, verweisen auf konkrete historische Ereignisse und bewerten diese. / Representations of the planets and their children were among the first pagan images to be produced and adopted in the late Middle Ages. During the circa 200 years in which they mainly appeared, up until the end of the sixteenth century, they became enormously popular. In the worldview of the Middle Ages and early modern era, every person was believed to be influenced by the celestial body under whose influence they were born. This planet determined one’s physical appearance and character, one’s profession, and the social standing one could expect. The moment of birth ensured the continuation of a life-long, familiar connection to this celestial body, and a person was effectively considered its “child”. Die Macht der Sterne traces these developments from the first written references to the children of the planets, through to the emergence of a relatively stable iconographical canon in various media, variations in terms of function, as well as their appearance in other pictorial genres. These cycles, usually consisting of seven parts, presented themselves as part of a highly elaborate relational structure and system of references which reflected the current social worldview. The images also document key developments in individual thought up until the end of the sixteenth century. They show how the prevailing understanding of the cosmos and knowledge could be communicated to a wide audience by means of imagery, how this was reconciled with religious life, and how it was reflected in everyday life. Over the course of their history, images of the children of the planets served a variety of functions. By means of a number of analogies they illustrated the notion of the unity of all things. These images were also consciously employed to underscore social advancement, political interests, and the reassertion of claims to power as well as representations of influence or the glorification of patrons. These depictions also highlight philosophical discourses and refer to concrete historical events while offering evaluations of these phenomena. Planetenkinder Kupferstiche Holzschnitte Kunstgeschichte Giotto Christine de Pizan Albrecht Dürer Lukas Cranach Astrologie Kosmologie Mittelalter Renaissance Georg Pencz Medici Borgia Vatikan Mittelelterliches Hausbuch Florenz Rom Pintoricchio Weltbild Fresken Fresko children of the planets art history etchings woodcuts middle ages astrology horoscope Mercury Saturn Mars Luna melancholy papa pope Florence figli dei pianeti incisioni Saturno Venere Marte melancolia Marsilio Ficino fresco Roma Firenze Roma LH 84460 ddc:709
22	Uralt, ewig neu Hennewig, Lena 13 November 2020 (has links) Ausgehend von Oskar Schlemmers (1888-1943) Bauhaus-Signet aus dem Jahr 1923 analysiert diese Arbeit den Zusammenhang zwischen Mensch und Raum im Œuvre des Bauhaus-Meisters. Die bei Betrachtung des Signets aufkommende These, Mensch und Raum – die zwei tradierten Pole des Schaffens Schlemmers – bedingten sich gegenseitig, wird untersucht, hinterfragt und um die Kategorie der Kunstfigur erweitert. Das erste Kapitel beleuchtet den Menschen als Maß aller Dinge. Der angestrebte Typus entsteht einerseits über Schlemmers Analyse des menschlichen Körpers mittels tradierter Proportionsstudien und Geometrisierung, die zu einer zumindest scheinbaren Berechenbarkeit führen. Betrachtet werden hierbei die Ausführungen Leonardo da Vincis, Albrecht Dürers und Adolf Zeisings. Andererseits nutzt Schlemmer die physiognomischen Überlegungen Richarda Huchs und Carl Gustav Carus‘ für seine Zwecke der Darstellung einer Entindividualisierung des Menschen. Hierauf aufbauend befasst sich das zweite Kapitel mit dem Raum. Es zeigt, dass Schlemmers Überlegungen zu theoretischem und gebautem Raum ihren Ursprung in Albert Einsteins Relativitätstheorie nehmen und von Debatten am Bauhaus genährt werden: Schlemmer betrachtet den Raum als wandelbar und abhängig vom Menschen, was unter anderem durch eigene Schriften und den einzig überlieferten Architekturentwurf Schlemmers gefestigt wird. Zur Untersuchung einer umgekehrten Einflussnahme des Raumes auf den menschlichen Körper erweitert das dritte Kapitel die zwei tradierten Pole des Schlemmer’schen Œuvres um einen weiteren: die Kunstfigur. Diese, so belegt das Kapitel, generiert ihre eigene Körperlichkeit über den Einfluss des veränderlichen Raumes, darüber hinaus aber auch durch die Abstrahierung des zugrundeliegenden menschlichen Körpers mittels des Kostüms und der Maske. Über diese beiden wiederum vollzieht sich auch eine Wandlung des Menschen. / Taking the Bauhaus signet, designed by Oskar Schlemmer in 1923, as a starting point, the present thesis examines the relationship between man and space – the two consistently named poles of Schlemmer’s work – within the œuvre of the Bauhaus master. It analyzes, questions and expands the assumption, at first glance suggested by the signet, that space and man are mutually dependent: The first chapter deals with man as the measure of all things. The type pursued by Schlemmer results, on the one hand, from his analysis of man via proportion and geometric studies by Leonardo da Vinci, Albrecht Dürer and Adolf Zeising that lead to a certain calculability. On the other hand, Schlemmer uses physiognomic ideas of Richarda Huch and Carl Gustav Carus to depict a certain de-individualization. Based on the results of the first chapter, the second chapter deals with questions of space. It shows that Schlemmer’s considerations of theoretical space and architecture stem from Albert Einstein’s theory of relativity and are fed by Bauhaus debates on that same topic: Schlemmer regards space and architecture as subject to change and dependent on man; this theory is also strengthened by his writings and his only surviving architectural design. To examine the reverse influence of space on the human body, the third chapter adds the Kunstfigur (art figure) as another category to the established two poles of Schlemmer’s œuvre discussed in the literature: man and space. The chapter proves that the Kunstfigur generates its own corporeality through the influence of space, which is modifiable by movement. Besides that, said corporeality is also determined by an abstraction, in turn caused by costumes and masks. These items also influence the outer appearance of man. Oskar Schlemmer Leonardo da Vinci Der Vitruvianische Mensch Albert Einstein Carl Gustav Carus Richarda Huch Albrecht Dürer Adolf Zeising Franz Krause Joris-Karl Huysmans Bauhaus Mensch Raum Kunstfigur Typus Malerei Graphik Grafik Architektur Beuroner Kunstschule Piero della Francesca Japanische Architektur Das Triadische Ballett Oskar Schlemmer Leonardo da Vinci Vitruvian Man Albert Einstein Carl Gustav Carus Richarda Huch Albrecht Duerer Adolf Zeising Franz Krause Joris-Karl Huysmans Bauhaus Man Space Art Figure Type Painting Graphic Art Beuron Art School Piero della Francesca Architecture Japanese Architecture The Triadic Ballet 792 Bühnenkunst 740 Zeichnung, angewandte Kunst LI 80053 ddc:707 ddc:704 ddc:792 ddc:701 ddc:709 ddc:740
23	Kořeny moravské urbanistické struktury / Roots of Moravian Urban Structure Mohelník, Ladislav Unknown Date (has links) The thesis has been written on the basis of main architectural concepts and their application in real life within a historical context investigation. Main architectural concepts are represented in a harmony of architectural composition that deals with relations among form, structure and space in the unique art work. Genius loci play very important role in the architectural creation - it represents a special and extra-ordinary urban locality and its architectural value in the historical, geographical and cultural context. The origin of Ostravice village within the historical frame concept of Moravia domain is the topic of this thesis. Other historical documents gave information about Bruneswerde as the Brno Castle. That means Brno Castle had to be founded not in Brno (as it has been consid-ered for many years) but it was located in Beskydy at Ostravice. The sacred city – Civitas Dei had been located in Bruneswerde region in early ages as the centre of European culture, education and spiritual life. Civitas Dei – divine Jerusalem in the transcription of St. Augustine's book De civitate Dei – is not only glorification of God and religious fantasy. It is also one of significant clues for recognition of historical architecture. The depiction of unknown settlement from the book of unde-fined origin is a superb testimony about extinct architectural works. They are legible from cadastral maps. Brno Castle - residence of nobility and power served shelter to St. Vojtěch, St. Prokop, St. Václav and St. Ludmila as it is obvious for the mentioned picture. Three major temples, three com-position axes symbolized by three towers on coins are in analogical relation to Brno triangle of four saints - the Saint family of Brno temples. Powerful ambitions of Brno City principals and clergy are inscribed into the urban structure in the way of composition relations which are legible to them who devoted themselves to the mystery of harmony. The absence of historical continuity affects personal attitudes and also identity of the whole community. The architecture truly reflects the past state of polis and it is eloquent even after its death. The architectural composition relations influence the natural environment for long time, longer than the architectural work existence. The geometric order of Renaissance Brno existence has not been in attention of architects so far. The features were discovered in characteristic paintings by Albrecht Durer. They are evidently secret works of the genius. A meaningful collaborator and follower in the extensive project was also his friend Jan Čert from Brno and lately from Vienna. His noble genealogy played a significant role in history of Silesia and Moravia for centuries. It is tendency to consider him as Austrian or even German architect. It is because of the fact that the genealogy tree of his noble family had roots in Moravia. It is supposed that Durer with Jan Čert´s support created the extraordinarily monumental architectural and urban works in Brno. A remarkable consensus in the urban composition of two squares and transition of traditional urban structure of Ostravice Civitas Dei into the modern Brno is also confirmed due to the identification of noble creators and owners, who were at the foundation, transformation and extinction of elements of the Moravian urban structure.

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