Universidade Castelo Branco / A presente dissertação objetiva a comparação proposta no Prelúdio do romance Middlemarch por sua autora George Eliot entre a protagonista da obra, Dorothea Brooke, e a figura histórica Teresa dÁvila. A partir de tal estudo, busca-se compreender de que modo a situação específica da mulher na Era Vitoriana é articulada no romance de modo a espelhar a crise ontológica e epistemológica do próprio ser humano diante das transformações consolidadas com o Iluminismo e as revoluções liberais do século XVIII que culminariam na morte de Deus. Dorothea mostra-se uma cristã tão fervorosa quanto a Teresa quinhentista, mas faltam-lhe certezas e a resolução para concretizar as reformas sociais que defende, pois ela encarna o mito de feminilidade oitocentista batizado de Anjo do Lar ideal de sujeição feminina à ordem falocêntrica cujas funções são a proteção e difusão da moralidade burguesa e a substituição de elementos cristãos no universo do sagrado a uma sociedade cada vez mais materialista e insegura de valores absolutos. As aflições de Dorothea representam as aflições da mulher vitoriana, mas o momento crítico desta mulher reflete, em Middlemarch, uma crise muito maior do Ocidente, que teve início com a Era da Razão / The present dissertations purpose is the comparison proposed by George Eliot in the Prelude of the novel Middlemarch between its protagonist, Dorothea Brooke, and the historical character Teresa of Avila. Such study endeavors to understand in which way the specific situation of the Victorian woman is articulated within the novel as to mirror the ontological and epistemological crisis of the human being itself during the transformations consolidated by the Enlightenment and the liberal revolutions of the eighteenth century which culminated in the death of God. Dorothea is as ardent a Christian as the fifteenth century Teresa, but she lacks the certainties and the resolution to concretize the social reforms she defends, because she incarnates the nineteenth century myth of womanhood known as the Angel in the House an ideal of feminine subjection to the phalocentric order whose functions are the protection and diffusion of the bourgeois morality and the replacement of Christian elements within the imaginary universe of the sacred to a society progressively more materialistic and insecure of absolute values. The afflictions of Dorothea represent the afflictions of the Victorian woman, but the critical moment of this woman reflects, in Middlemarch, a much greater crisis in the Western thought, which began with the Age of Reason

Universidade Castelo Branco / A presente dissertação objetiva a comparação proposta no Prelúdio do romance Middlemarch por sua autora George Eliot entre a protagonista da obra, Dorothea Brooke, e a figura histórica Teresa dÁvila. A partir de tal estudo, busca-se compreender de que modo a situação específica da mulher na Era Vitoriana é articulada no romance de modo a espelhar a crise ontológica e epistemológica do próprio ser humano diante das transformações consolidadas com o Iluminismo e as revoluções liberais do século XVIII que culminariam na morte de Deus. Dorothea mostra-se uma cristã tão fervorosa quanto a Teresa quinhentista, mas faltam-lhe certezas e a resolução para concretizar as reformas sociais que defende, pois ela encarna o mito de feminilidade oitocentista batizado de Anjo do Lar ideal de sujeição feminina à ordem falocêntrica cujas funções são a proteção e difusão da moralidade burguesa e a substituição de elementos cristãos no universo do sagrado a uma sociedade cada vez mais materialista e insegura de valores absolutos. As aflições de Dorothea representam as aflições da mulher vitoriana, mas o momento crítico desta mulher reflete, em Middlemarch, uma crise muito maior do Ocidente, que teve início com a Era da Razão / The present dissertations purpose is the comparison proposed by George Eliot in the Prelude of the novel Middlemarch between its protagonist, Dorothea Brooke, and the historical character Teresa of Avila. Such study endeavors to understand in which way the specific situation of the Victorian woman is articulated within the novel as to mirror the ontological and epistemological crisis of the human being itself during the transformations consolidated by the Enlightenment and the liberal revolutions of the eighteenth century which culminated in the death of God. Dorothea is as ardent a Christian as the fifteenth century Teresa, but she lacks the certainties and the resolution to concretize the social reforms she defends, because she incarnates the nineteenth century myth of womanhood known as the Angel in the House an ideal of feminine subjection to the phalocentric order whose functions are the protection and diffusion of the bourgeois morality and the replacement of Christian elements within the imaginary universe of the sacred to a society progressively more materialistic and insecure of absolute values. The afflictions of Dorothea represent the afflictions of the Victorian woman, but the critical moment of this woman reflects, in Middlemarch, a much greater crisis in the Western thought, which began with the Age of Reason

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:12:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 EdrisiAF.pdf: 1541764 bytes, checksum: 57d0acc86cc8327693016d73a3335f0b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003-09-29 / Through a careful examination of the relationship between Zoroastrianism and the Western tradition, and a detailed and critical reading of the writings of Nietzsche, this work aims at showing to what extent the character Zarathustra , his discourses and poetical-philosophical thoughts, and related passages from many distinct Nietzschean works, directly or undirectly reflect a philosophy that harvests contributions from the Zoroastrian tradition or its headways (in the Judeo-Greco-Christian tradition, and furthermore in the whole Western philosophical tradition). Supplied with this provisions, and with the interpretation cast upon them, Nietzschean philosophy questions the entire Western tradition of thought, and proposes its replacement by a new attitude towards life. This work also intends to show the way the Nietzschean Zarathustra was built up, in the writings of the German philosopher, together with the idea of making, out of the namesake character of the ancient Iranian prophet (Zarathushtra or Zoroaster, the founder of Zoroastrianism), the herald of that important text that intended to bring the German language to its highest perfection , clumping together, and leading to a prophetic-poetic climax consonant with the meaning of the Earth , Nietzsche s key ideas about the rectification of the most fatal of errors and about the death of God . An elaborate investigation has been pursued after the reasons and manners of the building up of Nietzsche s Zarathustra mirroring its Iranian namesake (sections 1.1 to 1.6), and a survey of the works of Nietzsche has suggested unquestionable relations with the Zoroastrian tradition, mostly through the Jewish, Greek or Christian repercussions of this tradition. These relations have been put in context, in many framings (sections 2.1 to 2.3.2), in the ambit of the most fatal of errors - the - creation of morals in the very occasion of its transposition to metaphysics (Ecce Homo, Why I am a destiny , 3). Through an evaluation of the possible circumstances and repercussions of the death of God , the relations between Nietzsche s writings and Zoroastrian tradition have been investigated (sections 3.1 to 3.7), allowing the understanding of this event as an essential component, and tragic outcome, of the rectification of the most fatal of errors / A partir de um atento exame das rela??es do Zoroastrismo com a tradi??o ocidental, bem como a partir de uma detalhada e cr?tica leitura da obra nietzscheana, este trabalho pretende mostrar o que o personagem Zaratustra , seus discursos e pensamentos po?tico-filos?ficos e passagens correlatas de diversas obras de Nietzsche, espelham enquanto representa??es de uma filosofia que colhe, direta ou indiretamente, contribui??es da tradi??o zoroastriana ou das suas deriva??es (na tradi??o judaico-greco-crist?, e ademais em toda a tradi??o filos?fica ocidental). Municiada com essas contribui??es, e com a interpreta??o que delas se faz, a filosofia nietzscheana questiona toda a tradi??o de pensamento do Ocidente, propondo a sua substitui??o por uma nova atitude diante da vida. Esse trabalho pretende mostrar tamb?m de que maneira a constitui??o do Zaratustra nietzscheano ganhou corpo, nos escritos do fil?sofo alem?o, junto com a id?ia de fazer, de um personagem hom?nimo do antigo profeta iraniano (Zaratustra ou Zoroastro, o fundador do Zoroastrismo), o arauto daquele importante texto que pretendeu levar a l?ngua alem? ? [sua] m?xima perfei??o , enfeixando e levando a um cl?max prof?tico-po?tico condizente com o sentido da Terra as id?ias-chave de Nietzsche sobre a corre??o do mais fatal dos erros e sobre a morte de Deus . Procedeu-se a uma minuciosa investiga??o de raz?es e modos de a constitui??o do Zaratustra nietzscheano ter se espelhado no seu hom?nimo iraniano (se??es 1.1 a 1.6), e um levantamento da obra nietzscheana sugeriu inquestion?veis rela??es com a tradi??o zoroastriana, no mais das vezes atrav?s das repercuss?es desta. Essas rela??es foram contextualizadas, em diversas inst?ncias (se??es 2.1 a 2.3.2), no ?mbito do mais fatal dos erros , a cria??o da moral na ocasi?o mesma de sua transposi??o para o plano metaf?sico (Ecce Homo, Por que sou um destino , 3). Mediante uma avalia??o das poss?veis circunst?ncias e repercuss?es da morte de Deus , as rela??es da obra nietzscheana com a tradi??o zoroastriana foram investigadas (se??es 3.1 a 3.7), permitindo a compreens?o desse acontecimento como componente essencial e tr?gico desenlace da corre??o do mais fatal dos erros

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The proposal expressed by this work is the defense of the thesis that metaphysics is originally the result of a resentment of the will with the finite and unpredictable mode of Being of life, making it impossible to control and rule the existence and whose summit takes place with the advent of modern philosophy of Descartes and of the cogito as absolute foundation of the reality of the real. Nietzsche identifies this scenario as originating from a change in the essence of the Greco-Roman man who, in modern times, shall be characterized by the rejection of any kind of transcendence to establish himself as the principle and cause of the real. Nietzsche, the Greek world enthusiast, sees this supposed ontological change as establishment of hubris, the Hellenic notion of h bris whose primary sense points to break the man's limit m tron, man's Being - and that is an attempt to equalize or exceed divinity transcendence. In modernity, the h bris settles ontologically in man when the opening of the cogito as an operation of will promotes the death of God. In fact, kill the transcendence and take his place is wanting to be ground when, in fact, is only a means to the ground Being, the truth appear, founding, through man, all that is. Heidegger, another Greek world enthusiast, agrees with Nietzsche, but sees the h bris of the phenomenon more broadly, watching his character history and its connection to what he called a history of Being and its manifestation as metaphysics. The author of Being and Time notes that the will which entails the modern h bris has a Greek origin, more precisely at the time of transition from the pre- Socratic philosophy and metaphysics of Plato and Aristotle. That\'s where Heidegger says the change of attitude in the Being of man identified by Nietzsche in modernity takes shape. The birth of metaphysics is the end of ontological agreement between man and ph sis Being for the establishment of Eros for knowledge, or philosophy. This desire is the will that will establish the will which will promote the death of God and the establishment of man as the real measure, ie, the h bris of modern man. Heidegger finds the origin of this event and its entire historical development the nihilism that Nietzsche saw only in modernity. As a result of crystallization of contemporary rampant posture of man, Heidegger points out the appearance of technique and its ambiguous nature, which can be both a threat to the Being of man to equalize the way in which being is shown from it as a possibility of "new beginning" for humanity. The itinerary, mediated by Heidegger and Nietzsche, of the establishment of the ancient metaphysics as principle of h bris to its heyday in modernity as the death of God, and its unfolding as a technique, it is the task of the following work. / A proposta expressa por este trabalho consiste na defesa da tese de que a metafí sica originalmente resultado de um ressentimento da vontade com o modo de ser finito e imprevis ível da vida, impossibilitando o controle e o dom ínio racional da existê ncia e cujo ápice se dá no mundo moderno com o advento da filosofia de Descartes e o estabelecimento do cogito como fundamento absoluto de realidade do real. Nietzsche identifica este cenário como proveniente de uma mudança na essê ncia do homem greco-romano, que, na modernidade, passa a se caracterizar pela rejeição de todo e qualquer tipo de transcendê ncia para se estabelecer como princí pio e causa do real. Nietzsche, entusiasta do mundo grego, encara esta suposta mudança ontológica como instauração da hýbris, a noção helê nica de desmedida cujo sentido primordial aponta para a ruptura do limite do homem o metrón, seu ser , e que se constitui como tentativa de equalização ou superação da divindade a transcend ência. Na modernidade, a hýbris se instala ontologicamente no homem quando a instauração do cogito como operação da vontade promove a morte de Deus. De fato, matar a transcendê ncia e tomar-lhe o lugar é querer ser fundamento quando, na verdade, não passa, de fato, de meio para o fundamento o ser, a verdade aparecer, fundando, por meio do homem, tudo o que é. Heidegger, outro entusiasta dos gregos, concorda com Nietzsche, mas vê o fenômeno da hýbris de forma mais ampla, observando seu caráter historial e sua vinculação ao que chamou de história do ser e de sua manifestação como metaf ísica. O autor de Ser e Tempo observa que a vontade que enseja a hýbris moderna tem uma proveniê ncia grega, mais precisamente no momento de transição entre a filosofia pré -socrática e a metafí sica de Platão e Aristóteles. É de lá que Heidegger afirma originar-se a mudança de postura no ser do homem identificado por Nietzsche apenas na modernidade. O nascimento da metafí sica o fim do acordo ontológico entre homem e phýsis o ser para o estabelecimento do Eros pelo saber, ou seja, a filosofia. Este desejo o querer que vai fundar a vontade promovedora da morte de Deus e o estabelecimento do homem como medida do real, ou seja, da hýbris instauradora do homem moderno. Heidegger encontra na proveniê ncia deste evento e de todo o seu desenvolvimento historial o niilismo que Nietzsche s via na modernidade. Como resultado contemporâneo da cristalização da postura desmedida do homem, Heidegger aponta o aparecimento da t écnica e sua ambí gua essê ncia, que pode ser tanto uma ameaça ao ser do homem ao equalizar o modo pela qual o ser se mostra a partir dele quanto uma possibilidade de novo in cio para a humanidade. O itinerário, mediado por Heidegger e Nietzsche, do estabelecimento da metafísica antiga enquanto princí pio da hýbris até o seu apogeu na modernidade enquanto morte de Deus, alé m de seu desdobramento enquanto t écnica, a tarefa do trabalho a seguir. / Mestre em Filosofia

Too Loud a Solitude is one of the most famous texts of Bohumil Hrabal and possibly it is his most philosophical one. The following thesis interprets this text from the philosophical points of view as a statement about modern age and an individuals place in it. Based on one of the central sentences - "The heavens are not humane" - spoken by the protagonist Haňťa in his monologue in, the text is read as defense against incommensurability of the world with an indiviual. Christian a ancient Greek's way of defense are considered as not appliable to the age Haňťa lives at, but also as somehow present in his way of defense, which is described as a specific type of "pábení". "The end of Christian epoch" (as Hrabal himself puts it) which occurs in Too Loud a Solitude is described then in terms of mechanizing and forgetting of actual humane being. Existencial analysis of Haňťa's state after the end of epoch follows. The thesis mostly reffers to following thinkers: Friedrich Nietzsche, Karl Jaspers, Albert Camus and Jean Améry.

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Submitted by Nara Lays Domingues Viana Oliveira (naradv) on 2015-07-07T15:42:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 rafaelo.pdf: 418525 bytes, checksum: be7af0f40e05e066da5fc931e392159c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-07T15:42:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 rafaelo.pdf: 418525 bytes, checksum: be7af0f40e05e066da5fc931e392159c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-10-29 / Nenhuma / Este trabalho apresenta a gênese do conceito de Deus no homem, segundo a interpretação que fazemos da filosofia de Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche. Através do título “O nascimento de Deus segundo Nietzsche”, procuramos mostrar como pôde surgir, conforme o filósofo, a crença no conceito de Deus, interpretando-a como resultado de uma determinada hierarquia de forças e de vontade de poder, as quais caracterizam a espécie humana. Ao abordar o tema da gênese da ideia moral de Deus, podemos perceber que Nietzsche não conta a história do surgimento de uma entidade metafísica. O que ele investiga em obras como a “Genealogia da moral” é, sobretudo, como o conceito e o sentimento de Deus no homem nasceu e se desenvolveu no curso do tempo, levando sempre em consideração o tipo de forças e de vontade de poder que estão por trás desse desenvolvimento. Para empreender essa proposta, utilizamos textos do próprio Nietzsche, com ênfase nas obras e escritos das chamadas segunda e terceira fases de seu pensamento, mais precisamente, das obras e escritos a partir de “Humano, demasiado humano”, de 1878. Incluem-se, portanto, os textos e escritos que vão de 1878 até 1889, tanto os que constam nas obras publicadas durante a vida de Nietzsche, quanto nas publicadas após a sua morte, entre elas, a edição da obra “A vontade de poder”, de 1906, publicada por Kröner, com 1067 aforismos. Também fizemos uso de alguns comentadores quando suas posições se mostraram relevantes para a compreensão desses escritos. / This paper presents the genesis of the concept of God in man, according to the interpretation we make of the philosophy of Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche. Through the title "The birth of God according to Nietzsche”, we show how it might arise, according to the philosopher, the belief in the concept of God, interpreting it as a result of a certain hierarchy of forces and will to power to characterize the human species. Addressing the issue of the genesis of the moral idea of God, we realize that Nietzsche does not tell the story of the emergence of a metaphysical entity. What he investigates in works such as "Genealogy of Morals" is, above all, as the concept and feeling of God in man was born and developed in the course of time, always taking into consideration the type of forces and will to power behind this development. To undertake this proposal, we use Nietzsche's own texts, with emphasis on the works and writings of so-called second and third phases of his thought, more accurately, works and writings from "Human, All Too Human," 1878. Included are therefore texts and writings ranging from 1878 to 1889, both appearing in works published during the life of Nietzsche, as in published after his death, among them the issue of "The will to power, "1906, published by Kröner, 1067 with aphorisms. We also made use of some commentators when their positions were relevant to the understanding of these writings.

Thesis (M.A.)--Miami University, Dept. of Theatre, 2004. / Title from first page of PDF document. Includes bibliographical references (p. 55-56).

This thesis argues that in order to demonstrate the possibility and sensibility of Italian philosopher Gianni Vattimo's 'weak religious belief', it should be understood as the becoming uncertain of traditional, metaphysical (strong) belief. The difference between weak belief and strong belief can thereby be understood not as two distinct modes of belief, but as an event of weakening in the history of belief that has yet to be realized by those who believe with the support of metaphysical certainty. Since Vattimo aligns metaphysics with violence, and since he aligns traditional belief with metaphysics, to demonstrate and defend the possibility of Vattimo’s weak belief amounts to the reduction of violence in the world. However, the possibility and validity of weak belief has been called into question by thinkers such as Richard Rorty. In light of a review of the arguments and counter-arguments between Rorty and Vattimo, I argue that it is possible to distinguish weak belief from strong belief as long as this remains a weak distinction.

This thesis is a study of the shifting philosophical trends in the works of Samuel Beckett, Donald Barthelme, and Kurt Vonnegut as representations of a greater shift from modernism to postmodernism. I have chosen to explore Beckett's plays Waiting for Godot and Krapp's Last Tape, Barthelme's short stories "Nothing: A Preliminary Account," "The New Music," and "Kierkegaard Unfair to Schlegal," and Vonnegut's book Timequake to see how each author seeks to find a new hope in the face of a collapsed causal system. This work is an examination of the form and content of each author's work as it pertains to their own philosophical standing and in relation to the other two authors' works. I argue that each author finds a different hope for humanity depending on their place among the philosophical trends during their time. / Graduation date: 2012