In a world characterized by constant changes and increasing diversity, controversialevents unfold in society on a daily basis. Given the School's role in educating democraticcitizens, it is imperative for educational institutions to adapt and incorporate current andcontroversial topics into their curriculum. This thesis explores the perspectives of socialstudies teachers on controversial issues in the classroom. Employing a phenomenologicalapproach and conducting in-depth interviews with social studies teachers, the studyanalyzes their subjective experiences, definitions of the subject, and approaches toteaching controversial topics. Therefore, our purpose and research questions are groundedin three themes, which are also pervasive throughout the work: Teacher management,teacher experience, and teacher definition of controversial issues in education.In summary, the results from our interview study reveal that teachers acknowledge theemotional impact associated with these issues, a finding supported by prior research. Thechallenge lies in the complexity of these topics and the ability to strike a balance betweenintellectual challenge and emotional understanding. The study highlights the difficultyteachers face in maintaining objectivity while navigating through their own values, andthe intricate interplay between subject content, emotions, and the teacher's ownperspective. It is evident that a conscious effort is required to create a classroomatmosphere that fosters open dialogues and respectful confrontations to promotedemocratic values, where diverse perspectives can be included.

This study used a critical discourse analysis (CDA) to examine the Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for government. These are the learning standards that public schools are required to use as the curriculum in Texas. Additionally, the study critically examined the Texas State Board of Education meeting minutes from the spring of 2010, when the board revised all social studies TEKS. James Gee’s framework for conducting CDA was used to analyze the government TEKS and meeting minutes to uncover the ways in which the language in the documents defines democratic and citizenship education in Texas, determine if the language creates an imbalance of power among participants in education, and do these documents agree with educational philosophers’ construct of citizenship and democratic education? The results of the CDA concluded that the Texas learning standards, and the words of many SBOE members reveal a preference toward right-wing, conservative beliefs. The construct of citizenship and democratic education created by the Texas government TEKS and SBOE meeting minutes contradicts these notions, as defined by educational theorists, and excludes those participants who do not embrace these beliefs.

In recent decades, guitar education has emerged as a discipline in PreK-12 institutions alongside “traditional” music education such as band, orchestra, and chorus. Despite the substantial body of literature containing practical advice on teaching guitar, research-supported scholarship is lacking. Additionally, this body of literature suggests a lack of congruency between curriculum, pedagogy, and teacher preparation among guitar educators. The purpose of this study was to provide an evidentiary-based understanding of the professional profiles and pedagogic practices of guitar educators. A multi-phase investigation was conducted. In Phase One, a large sample (n = 1,269) of guitar educators participated in the Guitar Educator Questionnaire (GEQ). Findings from the GEQ suggest a low (7.9) percent of music educators who teach guitar class consider themselves to be “guitar specialists.” A substantial number of respondents (68.5 percent) indicated that they rarely or never participated in guitar related professional development, and 76.1 percent of respondents reported that their pre-service training provided little or no preparation for a career in guitar education. A purposeful sample of six “exemplary” guitar educators contributed pedagogy-focused interviews and video teaching samples in Phases Two and Three. Data from the three phases were analyzed according to principles of thematic analysis in order to identify potential pathways toward the continued growth and maturation of guitar education.

Trata-se de pesquisa em que se procura investigar a natureza da organização do trabalho na escola, mais precisamente, a partir do eixo de desenvolvimento de um trabalho coletivo que coloca em relação os diferentes sujeitos envolvidos no processo de educação. Busca-se desvelar os elementos que conduzem à construção desse tipo de trabalho que possibilita o desenvolvimento de um projeto de educação calcado numa prática educativa verdadeiramente democrática e cidadã que se constitua significativa no processo de formação dos educandos. A análise do tema em questão envolveu pesquisa documental e empírica, com observações das atividades desenvolvidas pelos profissionais da escola entre si nos momentos destinados ao trabalho coletivo e com os alunos bem como a realização de entrevistas individuais com representantes dos diferentes segmentos da unidade escolar. O texto expõe as possibilidades e os entraves para o desenvolvimento do trabalho coletivo na escola a partir da análise das políticas públicas municipais engendradas para tal fim, das condições objetivas de trabalho da escola, da existência de uma cultura escolar que se vem estruturando ao longo da história da educação, da construção de sentido do trabalho coletivo para os diferentes sujeitos da escola, do papel da formação dos educadores e do projeto pedagógico para a constituição desse tipo de trabalho. Com base nas referências teóricas fornecidas por Karl Marx, Sánchez Vázquez, Karel Kosik, Illich Rubin e Harry Braverman faz-se uma análise do significado do conceito de trabalho de modo geral e na sociedade capitalista em particular e sobre o significado da práxis humana; a partir das contribuições de Gramsci, Bobbio e Rousseau faz-se uma discussão sobre o papel do Estado e as características fundamentais para a construção de uma sociedade democrática para a qual a educação das futuras gerações deve assumir um papel destacado. Na área de educação as referências teóricas que contribuíram para a reflexão engendrada pela presente pesquisa foram, principalmente, os textos de Makarenko, Pistrak, Paulo Freire, Miguel Arroyo, Pérez Gómez, Gimeno Sacristán e Vitor Paro na medida em que esses autores constroem um arcabouço teórico importante no tocante à necessidade de uma educação democrática que contribua para a formação dos sujeitos humano-históricos apresentada e defendida pela presente pesquisa. / It is regarding the searching that demands to investigate the nature of working organization in school, more accurately, from the axis of development of a collective work that puts in relation the different subjects involved in the trial of education. It seeks be uncovered the elements that conduct to the construction of that kind of work, that enables the development of a project of education based on truly democratic educational practice and citizen that be constituted significant in the trial of formation of the students. The analysis of the subject involved empirical and documentary research, with observation of the activities developed by the professionals of the school between itself in the moments destined to the collective work and with the students as well like the achievement of individual interviews with representatives of the different segments of the school. The text exposes the possibilities and difficulties for the development of the collective work in the school from the evaluation of the municipal public policies engendered with these purposes, of the real conditions of work in the school, by the existence of a school culture that itself comes structuring to the long one of the history of the education, by the meaning attributed about collective work for different persons of the school, of the formation role of the educators and the pedagogical project for the constitution of that kind of work. On the basis of the theoretical references supplied by Karl Marx, Sánchez Vázquez, Karel Kosik, Illich Rubin and Harry Braverman does itself an examination of the meaning of the general work concept and in the society capitalist in particularly and about the meaning of the human praxis; since of the contribution from Gramsci, Bobbio and Rousseau there is an argument about the responsability of the Government and the fundamental features for a construction of a democratic society, at all the process of education of the future generations should assume a noticeable function. In the educational area the theoretical references that contributed to the reflection engendered by the present research were, mainly, the texts of Makarenko, Pistrak, Paulo Freire, Miguel Arroyo, Pérez Gómez, Gimeno Sacristán and Vitor Paro because these authors construct an important legate about the needed of a democratic education that contributes for the formation of the human-historical subjects presented and defended by the present searching.

Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2018-09-21T14:00:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Clarice da Silva Conter_.pdf: 1036272 bytes, checksum: 8eb605973c67e5ba8cfb0f51413323f8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-21T14:00:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Clarice da Silva Conter_.pdf: 1036272 bytes, checksum: 8eb605973c67e5ba8cfb0f51413323f8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-04-13 / Nenhuma / Esta pesquisa tem a finalidade de analisar a prática das assembleias de classe, com estudantes do Ensino Fundamental 2, bem como a sua implicação na concepção da educação integral. A pesquisa teve uma abordagem qualitativa e os instrumentos utilizados foram a entrevista semiestruturada com os gestores, o grupo focal com os estudantes, os registros no diário de pesquisa, a análise dos documentos da instituição e as observações, onde foram analisadas as práticas das assembleias de classe com estudantes de 7o anos de uma escola particular da Rede Marista. Na análise foram exploradas as relações da prática das assembleias com alguns conceitos, como democracia, autoritarismo, valores, momentos de mediação de conflitos, bullying e outros. A partir da análise dos resultados, concluiu-se que a prática da assembleia possibilitou, em algumas situações, a autorregulação do grupo, o exercício da empatia de saber ouvir o outro. Também que algumas questões ainda não se conseguem resolver na assembleia e que esse momento não é só para resolver os conflitos, mas, sim, possibilitar momentos de fala, escuta, organização pessoal e de grupo, educação em valores, exercício da cidadania e outras questões pertinentes à formação integral e ética. / This research has the finality to parsing the practice of class assemblies, with students of Elementary School 2, as well as its implication in conception of integral education. The research had a qualitative approach and the instruments used were the half structured interview with the managers, the focal group with the students, the records in the research diary, the analysis in the institute documents and the observations, where the class assemblies practice were analysed with the 7º grade students from a private school of the Marista chain. In the analysis were explored the relations in assemblies practices with some concepts, such as democracy, authoritarianism, moments of conflict intercession, bullying and other. From the analysis attainment, it was concluded that the assemblies practice enables, in some situations, the group self-regulation, the empathy exercise of lore and listen each other. Some questions still can’t be solved in the assemblage and this moment is not only to just settle conflicts, but, it is used as a moment to talk, listen, personal and group organization, values education, citizenship exercise and other issues relevant to integral and ethical formation.

Este trabalho foi realizado em uma escola da rede municipal de ensino da cidade de São Paulo entre o segundo semestre de 2005 e o primeiro semestre de 2006. Ele tem a finalidade de discutir o processo de formação de crianças e adolescentes para a participação em processos decisórios em uma escola pública municipal. Tal objetivo se justifica por estar determinado constitucionalmente à educação a formação para a cidadania, sendo a participação um de seus elementos fundamentais. A nossa referência é o conceito de cidadania ativa (Benevides), que implica a interferência intencional dos cidadãos nos rumos das políticas públicas. Além disso, compreende-se que há um vínculo necessário entre educação e democracia (Paro), na medida em que o ser humano somente se constrói enquanto tal por um ato de vontade própria no processo de transcendência a uma dada realidade (o que gera o domínio da liberdade), constituindo a cultura acumulada e construída historicamente o que lhe possibilita tal transcendência e sendo a educação o meio de apropriação da cultura. Portanto, a educação, enquanto um direito humano, somente se concretiza na medida em que o aluno faz-se sujeito desse processo. Disso decorre a necessidade do aluno, em conjunto com o coletivo da escola, também auxiliar a decidir sobre os rumos pedagógicos. Diante disso, a participação estudantil é entendida como a atuação dos alunos nas decisões acerca do projeto pedagógico e dos meios necessários para se atingir as finalidades coletivamente definidas. Na escola pública municipal o espaço instituído legalmente para isso é o Conselho de Escola. Contudo, em termos de formação para a participação discente, outros espaços como o Grêmio Estudantil, a rádio da escola (formada a partir do programa Educom.radio) e os projetos desenvolvidos pela EMEF Eliseu Dias, principalmente as ações em defesa dos fragmentos de Mata Atlântica em associação a uma Sociedade Amigos de Bairro local, mostraram-se mais relevantes. Os dados da pesquisa, obtidos principalmente em entrevistas à equipe escolar e discente e durante as reuniões do Grêmio, da rádio e do Conselho de Escola, sugerem as contradições de uma escola que almeja ser democrática, busca construir relações humanas e pedagógicas pautadas nesses valores, mas que ainda se reconhece marcada por práticas autoritárias. / This work was carried through in a school of the public education net of São Paulo city between the second semester of 2005 and the first of 2006. It has the purpose to argue the process of formation of children and teenagers for the participation in decision processes in a public school of São Paulo. Such objective is justified because that the formation for the citizenship is guaranteed by the constitution and the participation is one of its basic elements. Our reference is the concept of active citizenship (Benevides) that requests intentional interference of the citizens in the routes of the public politics. Besides that, it is understood that it has a necessary bond between education and democracy (Paro), as human only constructs it self by an act of proper desire in the process of transcendence to one specific reality (the one that generates the domain of the freedom), constituting historically the accumulated and constructed culture wich makes possible such transcendence and being the education the way of appropriation of the culture. Therefore, the education as a human right only materialize if the pupil becomes subject of this process. It implicates the necessity of the pupil together with the staff of the school also contribute to the decisions on the pedagogical routes. Therefore, the students participation is understood as the performance of the pupils in the decisions concerning to the pedagogical project and to the necessary ways to reach the collectively defined purposes. In the public school of the municipal district the space legally instituted for this is the School Council. However, in terms of formation for the learning participation, other spaces as the Student Union, the radio of the school (formed from the Educom.radio program) and the projects developed by the EMEF Eliseu Dias, mainly the actions in defense of the fragments of Atlantic Forest in association to a Friends Society of local neighborhood, had revealed more relevant. The data of the research, obtained mainly in interviews with the school staff and learning team and also during the meetings of the Student Union the Radio and the School Council, suggest the contradictions of a school that longs for being democratic, tries to construct human and pedagogical relations based in these values, but that is still recognized marked by authoritarian practices.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:19:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2006 - Arnaldo de Carvalho Filho.pdf: 1256992 bytes, checksum: e5e63d27f0f1db267d2a8dfc8cdd1020 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-02-22 / New Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) allied to the education have favoured the teaching-learning process. In this context, the Personnel Studying Centre (CEP, as it is called in Brazil) aimed at adapting itself to such a reality, and attending both the work force and the society as a whole. O CEP has restructured its pedagogical and computer science areas, and offered distance teaching, without ignoring its face-toface learning-teaching courses. This study has focused upon the CEP, for it has already tradition and excellence in providing distance education courses. Its methodological approaches were quantitative and qualitative. The former has identified the difficulties, processes and pedagogical procedures used, and the latter has identified the main reasons which have lead to an effective democratization of teaching-learning through distance education, especially in a large country such as Brazil. Bibliographical and descriptive researches have been carried out by using the Yin Method. Also, questionnaires and interviews have been applied, whose answers to the open questions were analysed by using the technique of content analysis (GRACE, 1978; BARDIN 1979). Closed questions were analysed by means of percentages. The main findings were: distance education is an inclusive and democratic approach, being of a great range, however, it does not yet substitute the face-to-face education; information technology and communication are the distance education better allies; it is an education for the future for it responds to the modern world s demands, and helps people to become competitive professionals. This study hopes to contribute to the evaluation of the advantages of distance education courses, as they are offered by the CEP, a competent military and educational organization. / As novas Tecnologias de Informa??o e Comunica??o (TIC) aliadas ? educa??o t?m favorecido o processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Nesse contexto, o Centro de Estudo de Pessoal (CEP), visando adequar-se a tal realidade, reestruturou a ?rea pedag?gica e de inform?tica, para atender a sua for?a de trabalho e a sociedade, ofertando cursos semipresenciais e a dist?ncia. O presente estudo de caso, com base no m?todo Yin (2001), focalizou o CEP, tendo por objetivo contribuir para EaD como um meio de educa??o democr?tica atrav?s do estudo de uma organiza??o militar com tradi??o e excel?ncia na condu??o desse tipo de ensino-aprendizagem. A metodologia utilizada foi quantitativa para identificar as dificuldades, processos, cuidados e procedimentos e qualitativa para identificar as raz?es que levam a bom termo a democratiza??o do ensino-aprendizagem atrav?s da EaD, num pa?s de dimens?es continentais como o Brasil. Prop?e-se como metodologia de estudo pesquisa bibliogr?fica e descritiva, question?rios e entrevistas. As respostas abertas respondidas durante as entrevistas e por meio dos question?rios foram analisadas de acordo com o m?todo de an?lise de conte?do de GRACE (1978) e BARDIN (1979). As perguntas fechadas foram examinadas atrav?s de percentagens. Por fim, os principais resultados revelados pela pesquisa foram: que a EaD ? uma modalidade inclusiva e democr?tica, de grande alcance, mas que n?o substitui o ensino presencial, tem a tecnologia de informa??o e comunica??o como a maior aliada, bem como ? a educa??o do futuro por atender as exig?ncias do mundo moderno, onde educar transformando pessoas constitui-se em um diferencial competitivo.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T14:30:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mirtes Silva Santos.pdf: 14946776 bytes, checksum: f50a370564913d91e1bc308312cbe236 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-05-28 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The present study is based on a survey on Early Childhood Education Administration conducted in five municipalities in the west end of the Greater São Paulo metropolitan area, namely: Cajamar Carapicuíba, Itapevi, Jandira and Osasco. By considering the meaning of democratic administration in public education and the legal bases for it established so far, the study aimed at investigating the standards guiding the administration of Early Childhood Education units in such municipalities. Those standards include ministerial regulations or decrees regarding the appointment and functions of unit directors; the existence of boards and/or parent-teacher associations, or lack thereof; rules or regulations to guide administration practices in education units; and availability of training programs for administrators. Data collection included the analysis of legal documents, policy documents adopted by government departments and semi-structured surveys conducted with the Education Department staff in each municipality. The analysis aimed at showing the range of Early Childhood Education administration in these municipalities concerning the concept of democratic education / O trabalho refere-se a uma pesquisa sobre a gestão da Educação Infantil em cinco municípios localizados na região oeste da Grande São Paulo, a saber: Cajamar, Carapicuíba, Itapevi, Jandira e Osasco. A partir da reflexão sobre o significado da gestão democrática na educação pública e sobre as bases legais estabelecidas, a pesquisa visou a investigar as normas que orientam a gestão das unidades de educação infantil nesses municípios, o que inclui: decretos ou portarias sobre provimento e funções de cargos de direção das unidades; existência ou não de conselhos e/ou associações de pais e mestres; normas ou regimentos que orientem as práticas de gestão nas unidades; e existência de programas de formação de gestores. A coleta de dados abrangeu documentos legais, documentos orientadores adotados pelas secretarias e entrevistas semiestruturadas com técnicos das Secretarias de Educação dos municípios. A análise visou a mostrar até que ponto a gestão da Educação Infantil nesses municípios aproxima-se, ou não, do conceito de gestão democrática da educação

Syftet med studien är att bidra med kunskap om de mekanismer som ligger till grund för förskolepersonalens val och agerande, så kallad teacher agency, i relation till förskolans demokratiuppdrag i samverkan mellan förskola och hem. I studien interagerar ett ekologiskt perspektiv på teacher agency med latent innehållsanalys av fokusgruppsintervjuer. det för att tolka och analysera samtalen utifrån förskolepersonalens utsagor om förskolans demokratiuppdrag i samverkan mellan förskola och hem. I resultatet redogörs för tre olika förhållningssätt i förskolepersonalens utövande av förskolans demokratiuppdrag. De olika förhållningssätt som presenteras i resultatet analyseras och diskuteras mot studiens bakgrundsavsnitt varpå abstraktionsnåvån höjs och en tematisernade diskussion presenterar tre aktörskap som utgör olika villkor för teacher agency. genom att förstå och synliggöra hur olika förhållningssätt kan möjliggöra eller begränsa teacher agency, kan förskolepersonalen utveckla en medvetenhet för ökad förändringskapacitet och skapa nya villkor att utöva teacher agency. / The aim of this study is to investigate the democratic mission in preeschool education in relation to preeschool-home collaboration. In purpose to discuss the enabling and constraining conditions of teacher agency in relation to the subject. In the study theory of teacher agency interacts with latent content analysis to extract the content in the speech of preeschoolteachers and daycarrers in focusgroup-interviews. The result presents three different approaches in preeschoolteachers and daycarrers stories of practicing the democratic mission, wich effects preeschool-home callaboration. Observing in what way different approaches enable or constrain conditions of teacher agency, may develope awereness and reflektion of actions in different situations to increase achievement of teacher agency.

This qualitative study is done with the purpose of creating understanding for the theoretical democratic content in educational materials for Civic Education courses 1a1 and 1b during GY-11, so teachers create an intentional approach when using educational materials in their democratic education. This was motivated as important considering the reduction in obligatory Civic Education for the vocational programs. The study was conducted using a hermeneutic qualitative reading method where the educational materials, more specifically two series with one book for each course, was read with purpose of creating understanding for the democratic content according to ideal democratic models: deliberative democracy, participatory democracy and electoral democracy. A text voice analysis was also conducted using Bakhtins theory of dialogic and monologue text that contributed to the general result concerning the democratic content. The results show that the electoral democracy ideal is dominant in all educational materials, there is hence no striking difference between the democratic content in 1a1 and 1b educational materials. Though the study shows intention in the 1a1 educational materials towards a more participatory democracy ideal, the electoral ideal are still clearly dominant. / Denna kvalitativa studie är genomförd med syftet att skapa förståelse för det demokratiteoretiska innehåll som finns i läromedel för Samhällskunskap 1a1 och 1b under GY11, så att lärare kan skapa ett medvetet förhållningsätt till läromedel i deras demokratiundervisning. Detta upplevdes som väldigt aktuellt med tanke på nedskärningen av den obligatoriska Samhällskunskapen på yrkesförberedande program. I studien användes kvalitativ hermeneutisk läs metod där läromedlen, närmare bestämt två serier av böcker med en bok för respektive kurs, lästes med syftet att skapa förståelse för det demokratiska innehållet enligt de demokratiteoretiska ideal modellerna: deliberativ demokrati, deltagardemokrati och valdemokrati. En text röst analys genomfördes också där Bakthins teori om dialogiska och monologiska texter användes och detta bidrog till det generella resultatet rörande demokratiteoretiskt innehåll. Resultatet visar att det valdemokratiska idealet är dominerande i samtliga läromedel, det finns alltså ingen slående skillnad mellan det demokratiteoretiska innehållet i läromedel för 1a1 och 1b. Dock visar studien intentioner i läromedlen för 1a1 om en ansats mot mer deltagardemokratiska ideal, trots detta är det valdemokratiska idealet klart dominant också där.