O presente trabalho se propõe a apresentar uma sistematização teórica de minha experiência clínica enquanto psicanalista, no atendimento com pacientes que, após a remissão de doenças graves tais como diversos tipos de câncer que podem afetar a medula óssea (leucemias e linfomas), apresentavam-se como se ainda estivessem doentes, remetendo-se à doença como se esta fosse um acontecimento atual, identificando-se, em seu discurso, como doentes. Apresentamos dois casos clínicos que estavam com a doença em remissão há mais de dois anos e que foram atendidos em uma instituição hospitalar. O nosso objetivo é possibilitar a compreensão dos processos psíquicos envolvidos nos referidos casos clínicos. Estes atendimentos nortearam a formulação de uma hipótese clinico-teórica. Esta hipótese refere-se à possibilidade de estudar o problema clínico a partir do paradigma conceitual do trauma em Psicanálise, especialmente na acepção desenvolvida por Freud após 1920, com a formulação do segundo dualismo pulsional. Paralelamente, é realizado o percurso teórico que visa discutir a permanência dos pacientes atendidos no lugar de doentes, o que nos conduz à apresentação de um capítulo referente aos paradoxos envolvidos na remissão de uma doença orgânica. A articulação teórico-clínica é baseada em textos de Freud e Ferenczi, além de psicanalistas contemporâneos que têm estes autores como referência. Nesta articulação percorremos os seguintes pontos conceituais: a) a experiência do adoecimento; b) o conceito de trauma e efeito traumático para a Psicanálise; c) as teorias das pulsões; d) o trauma após 1920: as neuroses traumáticas; e) ganho secundário; f) a hipocondria em Freud; g) os paradoxos da cura em Danièle Brun e em Freud; h) sobre o trabalho do luto e da elaboração. A partir da articulação entre a clínica e os conceitos teóricos realizamos a discussão de nossa hipótese clínico-teórica. O percurso teórico-clínico realizado permite verificar que o problema clínico evidenciado pode ser entendido, conforme nossa hipótese clínico-teórica, a partir dos desenvolvimentos de Freud a propósito das neuroses traumáticas, em conjunção com o entendimento de que mesmo algo que era almejado pode não trazer alívio ou realização, mas sofrimento, conforme visto nos paradoxos envolvidos na remissão da doença. O percurso que partiu da clínica nos permite afirmar que o trabalho psicanalítico com pessoas que são acometidas por doenças orgânicas deve contemplar não somente a importância da elaboração psíquica de todo o processo de adoecimento que afeta o corpo, mas também, o que ocorre psiquicamente após a remissão da doença que traz a necessidade de elaboração, pois muitas vezes será no só depois, que estes aspectos poderão ser constatados / The following academic work proposes to present a theoretical systematization of my clinical experience as a psychoanalyst, upon service to patients who, after the remission of severe illnesses such as multiple types of cancer which can affect the bone marrow (leukemia and lymphomas), presented themselves as if they were still sick, referring to the illness as if it was a current event, identifying themselves, within their speeches, as sick people. We present two clinical cases of ones who had had the disease in remission for more than two years and they were cared at a hospital institution. Our goal is to facilitate the comprehension of the psychic processes related in these referred clinical cases. These services have guided the formulation of a clinical-theoretical hypothesis. This hypothesis refers to the possibility of studying the clinical issue from the trauma conceptual paradigm within the Psychoanalysis, especially from the approach developed by Freud after 1920, by formulating the second drives (Trieb) dualism. At the same time, it is done a theoretical trajectory that aims to discuss the attended patients stay at the sick patients place, which conducts us to the presentation of a chapter referring to the paradoxes related to the remission of an organic disease. The theoreticalclinical articulation is based on Freuds and Ferenczis texts, as well as contemporary psychoanalysts who also have these authors as reference. Within this articulation we have scrolled the following conceptual points: a) illness experience; b) the concept of trauma and traumatic effect to Psychoanalysis; c) drivers (Trieb) theories; d) the trauma after 1920: the traumatic neurosis; e) secondary earn; f) hypochondria within Freud; g) the healing paradoxes in Danièle Brun and Freud; h) about the work of grief and the elaboration. From an articulation between the clinic and the theoretical concepts we have discussed our clinicaltheoretical hypothesis. The clinical-theoretical path accomplished allows us to verify that the evident clinical problem can be understood, according to our clinical-theoretical hypothesis, from Freuds developments about traumatic neurosis, in conjunction with the understanding that even something that was desired cannot bring relief or accomplishment, but sorrow, as seen at the paradoxes related on the sickness remission. The path that started with the clinic allows us affirm that the psychoanalytical work towards people that are affected by organic diseases should include not only the importance of the psychic elaboration of the whole illness process that affects the body, but also what occurs mentally after the illness remission that brings the elaboration need, because for several times it will be at deffered action, that these aspects will be able to be determined

A urbanização de favelas consiste em uma intervenção – prioritariamente governamental – que busca adequar sítios irregulares através de melhoria das condições de moradia e de saúde de seus moradores. Verifica-se, decorrente de diversos motivos, alterações entre o que é projetado e o que é executado, suscitando um questionamento sobre qual o nível de detalhamento dos projetos é suficiente para subsidiar as obras. Por meio de um estudo de caso, esta pesquisa investiga quais são as dificuldades na implementação de projetos em campo; as reais possibilidades do projeto; os motivos que promovem alterações nos projetos no momento da obra; e as possibilidades de contorná-los. Da descrição do caso observou-se a necessidade de adequação dos produtos e de melhoria na socialização das informações. Da análise do cadastro da obra foram verificadas as execuções que contrariaram as orientações dos projetos, tanto decorrentes da necessidade de ajustes locais, quanto de desobediência ou incompreensão das soluções. Das entrevistas constatou-se que, em função de cada intervenção, há necessidade de graus de detalhamento diferenciados para cada item de projeto e para cada etapa de elaboração. Conclui-se pela necessidade de aprimoramento do processo de implementação do empreendimento para obtenção de resultados mais eficazes. / Slums upgrading consists in an intervention – mainly governmental – that aims to adequate irregular sites by improving the dwelling and health conditions of their inhabitants. Due to several reasons, there are changes comparing what is designed and what is executed, which raises questions about how detailed the designs should be to subsidize the construction works. By means of a case study, the present research investigates the difficulties faced in the implementation of designs on the field; the real possibilities of the design; the reasons that promote changes in the designs when the construction work is started; and the possibilities to skirt them. The case description showed the need to adequate the products and to improve the socialization of information. The analysis of the construction work as built revealed the executions that contradicted the designs’ orientations, deriving both from the need of local adjustments and from disobedience or misunderstanding of the solutions. The interviews showed that, to each intervention, different degrees of detail are necessary for each item of the design and for each elaboration stage. In conclusion, it was found that the implementation process of the project must be perfected so that more efficient results are obtained.

Os projetos são realizados por meio de processos e técnicas de gerenciamento cuja seleção está relacionada ao contexto no qual são realizados, sendo a complexidade um de seus componentes. Ainda não há uma definição única e amplamente aceita para o conceito de complexidade em relação aos projetos. Alguns autores a relacionam ao ineditismo, às interdependências e à tecnologia. Outros adotam uma abordagem holística, e outros, ainda, a avaliam sob uma conotação subjetiva. Nesse sentido, esta pesquisa objetivou estudar a complexidade dos projetos, sob a perspectiva de seus gerentes, e a sua relação com o uso dos diferentes processos de gerenciamento. A metodologia adotada pela pesquisa considerou o estado atual do conhecimento sobre o tema. Assim, ela pode ser classificada como não experimental, quantitativa e com alcance predominantemente exploratório. O universo da pesquisa foi composto por gerentes de projetos que trabalham no Brasil. A amostragem foi por conveniência e foi usado um questionário eletrônico (e-survey) como instrumento de pesquisa. Participaram da pesquisa 313 profissionais que atuam no gerenciamento de projetos. A pesquisa constatou a existência de relação da complexidade dos projetos com a frequência de uso de processos e técnicas de gerenciamento relacionadas à fase de planejamento e à gestão de pessoas. A pesquisa, complementarmente, constatou que a definição do escopo dos produtos dos projetos teria relação com projetos de alta ou muito alta complexidade, e que é plausível considerar que a complexidade dos projetos não se deva a uma característica ou fator específico, mas sim a uma composição de fatores. / Projects are carried out through management techniques and processes, whose selection is related to the context in which they are conducted and the complexity is presented as one of their components. There is no unique definition and thoroughly accepted for the complexity concept with regard to the projects yet. Some authors relate it to the uniqueness, to the interdependences and to the technology. However, others authors adopt holistic approach and others evaluate it under a subjective connotation. This research aimed to study the complexity of projects, under their managers\' perspective, and its relation to the use of a set of project management processes. The methodology adopted by the research considered the current status of the knowledge about the theme. Thus, this research can be classified as no experimental, quantitative and exploratory. The research population was composed by Projects Managers that are working in Brazil. The sample was chosen by convenience and an electronic questionnaire (e-survey) was used as research instrument. The sample was composed by 313 project managers. The survey found the existence of relationship between the complexity of the projects and the frequency of use of processes and management techniques related to planning phase and to managing people. In addition, it has been verified on the research that the definition of the scope of the projects products would have relation to the projects considered as of high or very high complexity. It is also reasonable to consider that the complexity of the projects should be not related to a specific characteristic, but to a set of factors.

DevOps is an ill-defined but trending approach to software development. Many companies are seduced by its promises of reduced costs and risks. DevOps life-cycle is often represented as a continuous everything, but very little is said about how to get the ball rolling. This report examines how DevOps definitions are represented in the initiation of Agile projects. By interviewing developers and mapping their project initiation activities in a DevOps context, a set of guidelines was formed. Continuous Integration and Deployment were found most prominent DevOps attributes from a developer’s perspective. The operational responsibility is skewed toward maintenance, with low interest in further adjustment.

Os mapas inserem-se no dia-a-dia das pessoas de forma cada vez mais presente. A mídia - telejornais, revistas, anúncios de propaganda imobiliária, internet, jornais, mapas artísticos e de propaganda, etc. - ao utilizá-los como um meio de comunicação, na maioria das vezes, ignora algumas regras básicas na relação produtor e público usuário. No bojo desses materiais cartográficos, encontram-se os mapas turísticos, que usualmente são confeccionados por artistas e ilustradores e não por geógrafos ou cartógrafos. Esta pesquisa, fundamentada essencialmente na cartografia temática, propõe aprofundar e estreitar a metodologia iniciada e experimentada no mestrado, que abordou o uso das representações pictóricas e da visão oblíqua em mapas direcionados a turistas e leigos em cartografia. Tal recurso gráfico possibilita um menor nível de abstração da representação gráfica, trazendo comprovadamente uma maior facilidade de leitura da informação cartográfica. Além disso, é visualmente mais atrativa, por evocar conotações visuais, afetivas e emotivas. Ainda utilizando a pictografia e os símbolos de informação pública, é proposta uma legenda específica aos mapas turísticos, símbolos esses que são elaborados para que as pessoas os vejam e os interpretem/ compreendam sem nunca tê-los visto antes. Entretanto, é bom frisar que os símbolos e mapas convencionais também farão parte do produto cartográfico final, até porque, mesmo trabalhando potencialmente com mapas pictóricos para o setor do turismo, algumas informações são particularmente mais apropriadas e diretas se feitas por meio da convencionalidade. Soma-se a esta discussão, o desenvolvimento de mapas temáticos para o turismo em meio digital. Esses novos recursos técnicos possibilitam o desenvolvimento de mapas não-limitados a uma folha de papel, proporcionando representações interativas, animadas, sonorizadas, em diferentes idiomas, entre outras possibilidades. Nesse item, além da elaboração e uso do produto em si, há uma preocupação particular em encontrar relações entre o mapa, a mencionada interatividade e o usuário, nunca esquecendo que o material temático dirigido ao turismo deve não só se preocupar em fazer com que a informação seja adequadamente apreendida pela leitura como também se esmerar em ser atrativo, sedutor, a fim de estimular a curiosidade sobre a localidade representada. / The maps are going into people\'s day-to-day on an increasingly basis. The media (telenews, magazines, real estate advertisements, the Internet, newspapers, artistic and advertising maps, etc.), when using them as a communication means, most of times pays no attention to some basic rules in the user-producer relation. In the heart of these cartographic materials are the tourist maps usually elaborated by artists and illustrators, instead of geographers and/or cartographers. Therefore, this research based essentially on the thematic cartography, aims at going deeper and narrower into the methodology initiated and experienced in the master degree, which dealt with the use of pictoric representations and the oblique vision in maps oriented specifically to tourists and laymen in cartography. The reason is that such graphics resources allow a lower level of abstraction of the graphics representation, bringing unmistakably a higher simplicity to the cartographic reading. Besides, it is visually more attractive as it evokes visual, affective and emotive connotations. In addition, a specific subtitle is suggested to the tourist maps by making use of the pictography and symbols of public information. Such symbols are elaborated in order for people to see them, interpret them and understand them without have never seem them before. However, it\'s important to emphasize that the conventional symbols and maps will also be part of the final cartographic product, because even working potentially with pictoric maps to the tourism sector, some information is especially more adequate and obvious trough the conventionality. The development of thematic tourism maps for use in the digital media is also added to this study. These new technical resources allow the development of maps which are not limited to a sheet of paper, providing interactive, animated, sonorized representations, in different languages, among many other resources. In this item, besides the elaboration and use of the product itself, there is a special concern on the map, the interactivity and the user, without never forgetting that the thematic material - tourism - must always bring a good understanding of the information (reading), and motivation (attractiveness, curiosity) towards the locality represented.

O presente estudo teve como objetivo demonstrar a relevância da reestruturação técnica de uma obra, ou seja, uma reelaboração musical às particularidades de novos meios, focando o clarinete baixo como instrumento central, desencadeando um futuro aprimoramento e adequação aos novos recursos do instrumento e à sua linguagem. Além deste, o trabalho teve como finalidade apontar a proposição de um experimento deste instrumento a um repertório original não idiomático. Para tanto, o procedimento metodológico utilizado observou como referências as reelaborações já realizadas e compreendeu as maneiras com que foram concebidas. O trabalho contribuiu com o desenvolvimento teórico e prático da pesquisa em reelaborações para clarinete baixo, desta forma, favorecendo a disposição de um novo vetor experimental, baseado nas reelaborações feitas. Assim, conclui-se que esta pesquisa, diferentemente do rigor e fidelidade a qual geralmente a reelaboração é aplicada, enfatizou o processo como ferramenta criativa e dialógica. / The present study aimed to demonstrate the relevance of the technical restructuring of a work, that is, a musical reelaboration to the particularities of new media, focusing on the bass clarinet as a central instrument, triggering a future improvement and adaptation to the new resources of the instrument and its language. Besides this, the purpose of the work was to point out the proposition of an experiment of this instrument to an original non-idiomatic repertoire. In order to do so, the methodological procedure used observed references as reworkings already performed and understood the ways in which one was carried out. The work contributed to the theoretical and practical development of the research in reelaborations for bass clarinet, in this way, favoring the arrangement of a new experimental vector, based on the reelaborations made. Thus, it is concluded that this research, in contrast to the rigor and fidelity to which the reelaboration is usually applied, emphasized the process as a creative and dialogical tool.

Food allergies within the United States and Europe have become exceedingly prevalent in children, adolescents, and adults. In the United States alone, over 12 million people have been diagnosed with at least one food allergy. If the allergen is accidentally consumed, the food allergy sufferer may suffer a life-threatening condition known as anaphylaxis. More than 200 U.S. food allergic consumers die annually as a result of anaphylaxis due to ingestion of food allergens. To safely manage food allergies, food allergy sufferers and stakeholders (such as caregivers) require clear and complete ingredient information to avoid certain allergens in packaged food products. Despite U.S. legislative mandates designed to assist the food allergic consumers and stakeholders to make safe food selection choices, food allergy labeling on consumer packaged food products remains unclear. To properly manage food allergy, it is imperative that food allergy stakeholders have access to clear and unambiguous food allergen ingredients located on the food product labels. The purpose of this research was to capture the impact of current United States food allergen labeling guidelines on U.S. food allergy stakeholders. With the elaboration likelihood framework, this research aimed to better understand how the congruence of allergen ingredient information on the Product Label Claim on the front of the package and Nutrition Facts Panel information on the back of the package affected food allergic consumers and stakeholders in evaluation of product packaging allergen information. A total of 223 food allergy stakeholders were administered four surveys depicting food allergen labeling variations found on U.S. food product labels. Seventeen hypotheses were formulated and analyzed with ANCOVA and t tests to measure the impact of congruence and elaboration of the food allergen messages on the food product labels, with a specific focus on purchase intention. Findings indicated that food allergy stakeholders had difficulties using and understanding existing food allergen labels under current U.S. food allergen labeling guidelines. The results also showed confusion among U.S. food allergic stakeholders with safe food selection choices when the label claims did not align with the actual allergen ingredient information. Research, public policy, and managerial implications were thoroughly discussed.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / O presente trabalho discute o processo de reelaboraÃÃo de gÃneros na formaÃÃo das postagens do Twitter. Para tanto, investigamos como o esquema de funcionamento e a dinÃmica de valores dessa rede social inspiram a manipulaÃÃo de diferentes padrÃes genÃricos que, ao serem migrados para o seu interior, sÃo submetidos ao labor de seus usuÃrios. Conduzimos nossa discussÃo à luz da anÃlise de redes sociais praticada por Recuero (2009; 2010), das reflexÃes epistemolÃgicas acerca da natureza dos gÃneros do discurso formuladas por Bakhtin ([1979] 2011), do conceito de propÃsito comunicativo cunhado e esmerado por Swales (1990; 2004), Askhave e Swales (2001) e Bhatia (1993; 2001) e da concepÃÃo de reelaboraÃÃo, conforme vem sendo atualizada desde AraÃjo (2006) atà Zavam (2009) e Costa (2010). Apoiados nessa base teÃrica e metodolÃgica, empreendemos a anÃlise de 195 postagens e 45 questionÃrios respondidos por usuÃrios do Twitter. Em um primeiro momento, a partir dos Ãndices de propagaÃÃo das postagens, observamos como a dinÃmica de funcionamento da rede social influencia a difusÃo e sedimentaÃÃo de arranjos genÃricos formados a partir de padrÃes e gÃneros distintos. Em um segundo momento, voltamo-nos para a forma dos tweets, identificando que estratÃgias foram utilizadas pelos usuÃrios para intervirem nos gÃneros ao elaborarem seus tweets. Por fim, investigamos, nos exemplos do corpus e junto aos usuÃrios questionados, que propÃsitos comunicativos foram atendidos pelas postagens resultantes desse labor. Os resultados mostraram que, no interior do Twitter, hà uma dinÃmica de funcionamento peculiar, que se reflete nas aÃÃes de linguagem dos atores dessa rede social que, motivados pelo desejo de colocarem-se em evidÃncia e ampliarem suas conexÃes, mobilizam e manipulam padrÃes genÃricos distintos por meio de estratÃgias especÃficas. Os arranjos genÃricos gerados a partir desse esquema possuem propÃsitos comunicativos caracterÃsticos, colocados a serviÃo da prÃpria rede social. Acreditamos que a rotina enunciativa caracterÃstica do Twitter, a mobilizaÃÃo de padrÃes genÃricos distintos e a alteraÃÃo de propÃsitos comunicativos sÃo fatores que, somados, dÃo forma a um constante processo de reelaboraÃÃo de gÃneros, cujos produtos sÃo consumidos e propagados dentro da rede social, retroalimentando-a. / This thesis discusses the process of genre re-elaboration in the formation of Twitter posts. We therefore investigated how the functioning scheme and the value dynamics of this social network inspire the manipulation of different genre patterns that, when migrating to the interior, are submitted to its usersâ work. We conduct our discussion in the light of social network analysis practiced by Recuero (2009; 2010), the epistemological reflections on the discourse genre nature formulated by Bakhtin ([1979] 2011), the communicative purpose concept coined and made neat by Swales (1990; 2004), Askhave and Swales (2001) and Bhatia (1993; 2001) and the re-elaboration concept, as been updated since AraÃjo (2006) until Zavam (2009) and Costa (2010). Supported by this theoretical and methodological basis, we undertook an analysis of 195 posts and 45 questionnaires answered by Twitter users. At first, from the post propagation indexes, we observed how the social network functioning dynamics influences the diffusion and the genre arrays sedimentation formed by patterns and distinct genres. In a second step, we turned to the tweet form, detecting that strategies were used by the users in order to intervene in the genres when elaborating their tweets. Finally, we investigated, in the corpus examples and with the users questioned, that communicative purposes were served by the posts resulting from this work. The results showed that, within Twitter, there is a peculiar functioning dynamics, which is reflected in the language actions of the actors of this social network whom, motivated by the desire to put themselves in evidence and broaden their connections, mobilize and manipulate distinct genre patterns by using specific strategies. The genre arrangements generated from this scheme have distinctive communicative purposes, at the service of the social network itself. We believe that the sum of these factors: peculiar enunciative demand, distinct genre pattern mobilization and communicative purpose modification, is set as a genre re-elaboration constant process, whose products are consumed and propagated within the social network, feeding it back.

Mental illness is a widespread public health concern. Stigma is a known barrier to recovery, and individuals often avoid seeking treatment because of it. The purpose of my research was to understand how individuals process peer-created, mental illness messages on social media, and to what extent these messages reduce stigma. I conducted two experiments based on the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) to examine attitudes related to negative beliefs about mental illness and preferred social distance from mentally ill individuals. Argument quality and amount of elaboration influenced empathetic responses to a message. Empathy was directly associated with a decrease in stigmatized beliefs about mental illness. Individuals who perceived that the message sharer was a close, trusted friend were more likely to indicate that the original message creator was more credible. Original message creators who disclosed having a mental illness were also perceived as more credible than creators who did not disclose having a mental illness. In addition, participants who perceived that the message sharer positively endorsed the message had less stigmatized beliefs about mental illness than participants who perceived negative endorsements. Results of this project suggest that traditional ELM variables, such as elaboration and argument quality, influence the processing and outcomes of viewing social media messages about mental illness. Several new media characteristics, such as who shares the message online and comments they attach to the message, also influence how users think about the message and influence processing outcomes.

Since the early 18th century, rational choice models have been applied extensively to criminological research, theory, and policy in an effort to understand crime and criminality. Over the past few decades, the rational choice perspective has attempted to integrate theoretical concepts, operational measures, and research findings from contemporary studies within the psychology, sociology and criminology disciplines, which have attempted to re-operationalize what was already conceptualized in the expected utility model (i.e., individuals choose to engage in criminal activity if the expected utility of crime exceeds that of all other behavioral options) by incorporating additional factors (e.g., a broader range of potential rewards, moral inhibition, emotional elements) into the measurement process. However, despite an effort to expand the expected utility function in the rational choice perspective, rational choice studies have most often been applied to street offenders. Using a sample of six books containing the lives and experiences of professional criminals, this study utilizes a qualitative meta-synthesis (in which grounded theory methods and thick description are employed for the identification and integration of key concepts from within the sample) to examine the effectiveness of the rational choice perspective in the explanation of professional crime, and assess the efficacy of these operational enhancements while providing conceptual clarity within the rational choice perspective.