Detta arbete har som syfte att undresöka förskollärares uppfattningar om verbala kränkningar mellan barn. Arbetet söker svar på hur de kränkande språket kan vara en del i barns sociala utvecklning. Jag har genomfört intervjuer med förskollärare för att kunna ta del av deras erfarenhet och kunskap inom området. I mina resultat har det framkommit att förskolans pedagoger är en viktig del av barns sociala utveckling. Det är i förskolan man får sina första upplevelser av vänskap, men det är också där i relationerna som man kan bli utsatt, eller utsätta andra, för verbal kränkning. Den fysiska miljön är av betydelse för förekomsten av kränkande språk och det föreligger en ökad risk i de icke pedagogstyrda aktiviteterna. / This study examines preschool theatchers' perceptions of abusive language among children and the purpose is to expose their ideas of abusive language impact on children's socializing process. I have contucted interviews with preschool theatchers in order to share their experience and knowledge in the field. The result show that preschool theatcers are an important part of the child's social development. In prexchool, children have their first impressions of friendship, but it is also in this relationsships they can be exposed, or expose others, for abusive language. The activities are important regarding the occurence and frecuency of absuive langugage and there is an increased risk in the non teacher-present activities create situations of abusive langugage among children.

My Diploma Thesis is themed Investigation of market opportunities for a selected company, the Haberdashery in Vyšší Brod and their draft solution, including financial situation.The Diploma Thesis consists of two main parts: literature search and a practical part. The first step to understand the theme was a study of special literature written by the most prestigious Czech and foreign authors. Further step for a composition of the literature search was a preparation of the practical part that followed. First of all I analysed the textile industry segment.I consulted processing of the company characteristics with the owner of the company and her external auditor.An important step to meet the objective was an environmental analysis, within which I applied the below listed partial analyses:PEST analysis,Porter{\crq}s five forces,Internal Analysis of a company,SWOT analysis.To complete this thesis I carried out a questionnaire survey within the company customers that was applied for the first time during the Bachelor{\crq}s Thesis themed Effect of a microenvironment on satisfaction of customer needs and wishes in a selected company.In conclusion I made an assessment of the company existing situation, proposed solution and herewith met the objective of my Diploma Thesis.

In the theoretical part of my dissertation, I am focusing on the fundamentals of the classroom climate, the social relationships in the classroom, and the pupil's self- assessment within the context of the classroom. The practical part includes research as a comparison of the classroom climate and the relations between the pupils and the teachers in a particular fourth and fifth grade at the primary school when transferring to the upper primary school.

the classroom climate, the social relationships in the classroom, and the pupil's self

This study presents a critical discourse analysis of workplace health at the Swedish Church in Umeå. The analysis in this paper is based on Carol Bacchi‟s theoretical framework “What‟s the problem represented to be?”, which helps to build an insight on the common sense understanding that what we propose to do about something reveals what we think needs to change and hence what we think the „problem‟ is. The main area has been focused on (1) working hours and workload (2)competence transmission and (3) discrimination. The analysis of the policy documents shows that work hour and work load due an independent work enviroment for most of the professions in church, create an individual liability in relation to competence and qualification. It also reveals an assumption that the surrounding, a revival legacy where the Church of Umeå act, created a positive/affirmative action trough competence transmission between older vicars and younger female vicars to cope a long-term male dominated profession. The study also found that competence transmission between older and younger employees create an implied assumption of alack in competences among younger employees. To prevent discrimination a key concept was to promote good work relationships. That means through constructions of equality and gender equality. A possibly effect of the policy of equality, where it´s assumes that everybody has to take responsibility to prevent discrimination, but allows individual interpretations created a risk that the actions to whom it concerns fails. It also shows that the individual government was highly depending in the relations of power as the victim - violates and also in the relationship employee –employer as a junior partner or superior partner. / Syftet med denna uppsats att analysera hur framställningen av psykosocial arbetsmiljö är utformat i policydokument inom Svenska kyrkan i Umeå i relation till tidigare forskning. Analysen i uppsatsen baserar sig på Carol Lee Bacchis metod What´s the problem represented to be? som syftar till att ge en insikt av bakomliggande problem i policydokument och hur man ämnar förebygga arbetsrelaterad ohälsa. Utgångsläget var att studera det konkreta förslaget och utifrån det utläsa vad det egentliga ”problemet” är. Analysen resulterade i ett fokus på områdena för 1.) arbetstidens förläggning och arbetsbelastning, 2.) kunskapsöverföring och 3.) kränkande särbehandling. Studien fann att det förebyggande åtgärderna inom ramen för arbetstidens förläggning och arbetsbelastning utgår från att arbetsrelaterad ohälsa ska förebyggas genom arbetsgivarens ansvar för att arbetsbelastning och krav ligger i linje med medarbetarnas kompetens och förmågor. Flertalet yrken inom kyrkan förväntas själva kunna avgöra när arbetsinsatser är rimliga, varför det ändå kunde ses bli en individfråga huruvida arbetsbelastningen kan bli relaterad till kompetens och förmåga. Det återfanns även föreställningar om kön utifrån Umeå pastorats omgivning av väckelse arv som kan skapa en positiv särbehandling som diskurs genom kompetensöverföring mellan äldre och kvinnliga yngre präster för att hantera ett länge mansdominerat yrke. Studien fann även att ålder utifrån insatser om kompetensöverföring mellan yngre och äldre skapade en underförstådd föreställning om kunskapsbrist i relation till yngre medarbetare. Inom ramen för att motverka kränkande särbehandling blev nyckelkoncept som främjande av konstruktiva arbetsrelationer viktig. Det innebar att utifrån konstruktioner av jämlikhet och jämställdhet förebygga kränkande särbehandling. En effekt av policyn för jämlikhet där alla förväntas ta ansvar och att man tillåter egna tolkningar, riskerade att skapa en otydlighet till vem insatserna riktar sig till och där individe nblev produktivt styrande i maktrelationerna som den utsatte vs. den som kränker och som anställd i förhållande till arbetsgivaren.

In our essay we account for the relation between us and two boys during our many years working in the Swedish preschool system. The boys have been diagnosed within the autism spectrum. They attend the practice but the question is to what extent they partake in the activities. Inclusion is a charged word which is not necessarily discussed.  All children within the municipal preschool system should be included. But as we execute our activities, we ask: are the disabled children as included as the rest? Another aspect of our study is: how is the preschool environment adapted?  Is it designed for all children? We interviewed the teachers at a preschool that has a department that specializes in children within the autism spectrum.We saw a big difference in their work procedures but above all in the environment´s design. Within the autism spectrum we have found three criteria’s children with autism struggle with. These are Theory of Mind, Executive functions and Central coherence. Further we came in to contact with the special education concepts of compensational perspective, critical perspective and behaviorism, during our visit at the support units. In the essay we discuss how such current research on autism can be used in preschools. We also bring to light the children´s rights from our readings of the central documents and what the preschool does to communicate and treat children within the autism spectrum at the best possible way.

Der Einsatz von Smartphones hat nicht nur im Alltag, sondern auch im industriellen Kontext in den letzten Jahren stark zugenommen. Die eingebaute Sensorik in Smartphones bietet Potential für vielfältige Anwendungen. Ein mögliches Einsatzgebiet stellt die Messung von Arbeitsumweltfaktoren wie Lärm, Klima und Beleuchtung dar. Hierzu wurde sich u.a. mit der Fragestellung beschäftigt, inwiefern mit Applikationen auf Smartphones arbeitswissenschaftliche Messungen des Arbeitsumweltfaktors Klima möglich sind. Im Ergebnis kann festgehalten werden, dass einzelne Applikationen für orientierende Messungen herangezogen werden können. Zwischen verschiedenen Applikationen sind jedoch größere Messabweichungen feststellbar. Dies bedingt eine geeignete Vorauswahl. Der nachfolgende Beitrag stellt ausgewählte Ergebnisse der durchgeführten Klimamessungen mittels Smartphones vor.

The development, content, societal and individual effects of selected myths toward the aged in American society were reviewed and analyzed. Emphasis was placed on factors associated with the development of the myths . The myths were compared with facts or reality relative to the major dimensions of the lives of the aged. The functions and dysfunctions of the myths for the aged as a group, for the individual, and for society were analyzed. Secondary sources of data were utilized in the preliminary identification of the selected myths. The sources were also used to justify the selection and analyze the development of myths within their socio-cultural milieus. Myths were utilized in the analysis of the attitudes toward the aged, and the effects.

This diploma thesis examines John Dewey's concept of experience, focusing especially on his notion that an aesthetic factor is present in every complete and consummatory experience. It deals with the differences between a common experience and "an experience" and examines how an aesthetic factor works in them. The indispensable role of the aesthetic factor is intentionally demonstrated on the non-artistic example of experiences of snowboarding. The most important findings are developed through the approach of Richard Shusterman's somaesthetics. The theories of these two philosophers support the main idea of this thesis, namely that dynamic movements of the body can bring aesthetic experiences to their actor. Thus, some of the reasons that explain the attractiveness of this modern sport come to light that are not apparent at first glance.

With a Categorizing tool for conservation of settlement remains we can, through better instructions, reduce the damages made to settlement remains in conjunction with forestmeasures.The purpose of this study was to create a categorizing tool for the conservation status of settlement remains. The categorization tool will be used to select specific remains for increased management. Interviews were conducted with the County administrative board in Östergötland, Board of Forestry (Skogsstyrelsen) and Holmen skog. Pre-field studies both with Skogsstyrelsen and Holmen skog were also conducted. A field study was conducted where totally 20 different areas of settlement remains were visited and used to create the tool. All settlement remains were located in Östergötland. The data collected showed that the largest amount of monuments were located close to a road and were relatively easy to access. The categorizing tool was made in collaboration with Holmen skog and was tested together with a representative from the company with the outcome as an approved categorizing tool for the demands of the company.