Bakgrunden till vårt examensarbete var att Försäkringskassan hade som mål att sänka sjukfrånvaron hos personalen. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka de anställdas uppfattning om vilka faktorer som ligger till grund för hög respektive låg sjukfrånvaro vid FK:s avdelning för aktivitetsstöd. Våra frågeställningar var: Varför har vissa enheter inom nationellt försäkringscenter på Försäkringskassan låg sjukfrånvaro och andra enheter hög sjukfrånvaro? Hur påverkar ledarskapet anställdas sjukfrånvaro? Hur påverkar arbetsmiljön sjukfrånvaron? Hur uppfattar personalen inom aktivitetsstöd arbetsplatsens fysiska och psykosociala arbetsmiljö? Som fallstudieorganisation valdes Försäkringskassan/Nationellt försäkringscenter/aktivitetsstöd i Östersund.   Vi valde en kvantitativ undersökning med tvärsnittsdesign. Våra resultat visade att oavsett om man arbetade på en enhet med låg eller hög sjukfrånvaro, upplevde många anställda brister i arbetsmiljön, höga krav och ett svagt ledarskap. Ett stort antal anställda kände olust när de gick till arbetet och av dessa var det ett stort antal som misströstade på grund av de svårigheter som de ställs inför på arbetsplatsen. Kände man stöd från chefen hade man mindre sömnsvårigheter, kände mindre olust och mindre muskuloskeletala smärtor. / The background of our thesis is that the Department of Social Insurance (Försäkringskassan) should lower their absenteeism amongst staff. There is a risk of high absenteeism at several units at the Försäkringskassan and a risk of high costs causes by illness. The purpose of this study was to investigate the employees´ perception on the basis of high and low sick leave at the Försäkringskassan/ activity benefit. The research questions we asked ourselves were; Why do certain units at the Nationellt försäkringscenter/department of Social Insurance have low absenteeism and other units’ high absenteeism? How does leadership affect the employees’ absenteeism? How much does the satisfaction of work environment affect the employees’ absenteeism? How do employees at Nationellt försäkringscenter/activity benefit perceive their physical and psychosocial work environment? As a case study organization, the Department of Social Insurance/Nationellt försäkringsccenter/activity benefit has been selected. The results, based on a quantitative survey and a cross-sectional design, show that whether you are working at a unit with low or high absenteeism, many employees have ailments such as pain and stress. This is because the work- environment, requirements and leadership does affect employees’ health. A large number of the employees´ feel dissatisfaction when they go to work and there are many who despair because of the difficulties they face at the workplace. With supported management the employees´ had less insomnia, dissatisfaction and less musculoskeletal disorders.

För att ta reda på hur barn tänker om att vara ute på förskolan har jag gjort observationer och intervjuer med barn i ålder 3-5 år, på tre förskolor i en och samma kommun. Utemiljön på förskolorna är likartad, det som skiljer förskolorna åt är den pedagogiska inriktningen. Syftet har varit att ta reda på om det finns skillnader och likheter i barnens sätt att tänka. Hur de förstår årstidsväxlingar och hur der ser på sitt eget lärande. För mig som pedagog är det viktigt att utgå från barnens perspektiv. Genom att lyssna på barnen och sedan använda utemiljön som ett verktyg kan jag skapa bra förutsättningar för barns utveckling och lärande. På de tre förskolorna leker barnen i stort sett samma lekar och använder samma redskap. Vid intervjuerna har barnen gett likartade svar och det som skiljer dem åt är barnens erfarenheter i och med deras ålder och utveckling. / I have investigated, through observing and by interviews in three preschools in the same community, what children at the age 3-5 years think about the surroundings at their preschool. The outdoor enviroments at the different preschools are more or less the same but the preschools differ in their pedagogies. The intention with the interviews was to find out if there were any similarity or difference between children how they think about the changes in seasons and how their learning skills progress. For me as a pedagogue it is very important to look at children from their perspective. I have to listen to what children talk about and how the outdoor enviroment is used as a tool to create the necessary conditions for childrens progress and learning. At the three preschools the children were playing the same type of games and used the same tools to activate themselves. In the interviews children have given similar answers and the difference them has to do with their own age dependent experiences.

Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur några elever upplever grundskolans specialundervisning. Detta gjorde jag genom att göra så kallade fokusgrupper, gruppintervjuer med elever om ett speciellt ämne. Ämnet som jag ville att de skulle diskutera var specialundervisningen i grundskolan. Resultatet kom fram i olika tema som eleverna upplever som viktiga. Två teman dominerade elevernas upplevelser av specialundervisning, nämligen, förhållningssätt och skolmiljön som finns runt omkring eleverna, lokalerna dvs. deras arbetsmiljö. Studiens resultat pekar på betydelsen av att lärare utvecklar en bra relation till eleven som man arbetar med, för att inlärning skall ske på bästa sätt. Vidare framkom att en bra lärare lyssnar och finns till hands, och då även om det gäller andra saker än skolämnen. Eleverna i studien ger uttryck för att de är väl insatta i sin utveckling och vill ta ansvar för sitt skolarbete, men behöver också stöd och hjälp från sin lärare. De vill utvecklas åt rätt håll, vill se framsteg och vill kunna känna sig nöjda med sitt arbete. I min uppsats så känner eleverna glädje då de får delta i specialundervisningen och får ämnena förklarade ”på ett språk de förstår”. Slutsatsen är att eleverna känner sig nöjda med att de får hjälp med sina svårigheter, men att hur undervisningen fungerar är mycket beroende av relationen lärare – elev. Nyckelord Specialundervisning, Upplevelser, Förhållningssätt, Miljö / The purpose with this study was to examine how some pupils experience special needs education in compulsory school. I did this by conducting so called “focus groups” and group interviews with pupils from special teaching. The result was displayed in different themes which the pupils themselves experience as important. The major theme was relations and social codes in their surrounding environment. The pupils stress the fact that good teacher-student relations to facilitate their learning. To the pupils a good teacher is someone that can listen and understand them even when it comes to other subjects that are not school related situations. The pupils are well aware of their progress and take full responsibility for their own school work but are still in need of help and support from their teacher. They want to develop in the right direction and want to succeed and be satisfied with their work in school. The conclusion is that the pupils feel satisfaction when it comes to the help they receive due to their difficulties, but how the teaching is working depends very much on the teacher-student relations. Keywords Special Need Education, Experiences, Relations, Enviroment

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Teorinėje dalyje buvo pateiktas susidarytas holistinis požiūris į darnią plėtrą (DP). Siekiant išnagrinėti energetinį diskursą internetinėje žiniasklaidoje, buvo padaryta internetinės žiniasklaidos raidos apžvalga, išanalizuoti informacijos pateikimo būdai. Naujienų įrėminimo teorijos analizė atskleidė, kaip žiniasklaida suformuoja žinias iš naujienų ir kokią įtaką tai turi politikai, ekonomikai, bei socialinei realybei. Taip pat aprašyti visuomenės manipuliavimo (propagandos) mechanizmai. Parengta energetinio diskurso formavimo ir jo bruožų internetinėje žiniasklaidoje socialiniu ir ekologiniu aspektais empirinio tyrimo metodika bei atliktas kiekybinis bei kokybinis tyrimas, kurio metu analizuoti internetinių naujienų portalų Delfi.lt, Lrytas.lt ir Balsas.lt energetinės tematikos tekstai 2012 m. vasario 1 d. – 2013 m. sausio 31 d. laikotarpiu (iš viso 619 straipsnių). Darbo pabaigoje pateikiamos darbo išvados. / In the theoretical part was made yielded a holistic approach to sustainable development (SD). In order to examine energetical discourse in online media, was made the online media review and analyzed information presentation. News framing theory analysis revealed how the media builds knowledge from the news and how this affects the political, economical and social reality. Also described the manipulation of society (propaganda) mechanisms. Prepared energetic discourse shaping and it’s features, in online media, analysis methodology in social and environmental aspects, also made quantitative and qualitative study, which analyzed online news sites Deli.lt, Lrytas.lt and Balsas.lt energetic-themed text’s in 2012 February 1-2013 January 31 period(a total 619 articles). The conclusion was made in the end of work.

The U.S. is the largest maize producer in the world with a production of 300 million tons in 2012. Approximately 86% of the maize production is focused on the Midwestern states. The rest of the production is focused in the Southern states, where Texas is the largest maize producer. Grain yield in Texas ranges from 18 tons/ha in the irrigated production zones to 3 tons/ha in the dryland production zones. As a result, grain yield has increased slowly because of the poor production in the non-irrigated acres. Methods to improve the grain yield in Texas is to breed for maize varieties adapted to Texas growing conditions, including mapping genes that can be incorporated into germplasm through marker assisted selection. This dissertation includes two separate projects that exploit historical data and maize diversity to increase grain yield in Texas. For the first project, a large dataset collected by Texas AgriLife program was analyzed to elucidate past trends and future hints on how to improve maize yield within Texas. This study confirmed previous reports that the rate of increase for grain yield in Texas is less than the rate observed in the Midwestern US. For the second project, a candidate gene and whole genome association mapping analysis was performed for drought and aflatoxin resistance in maize. In order to do so, maize inbred lines from a diversity panel were testcrossed to isogenic versions of Tx714. The hybrids were evaluated under irrigated and non-irrigated conditions. The irrigated trials were inoculated with Aspergillus flavus and the aflatoxin level was quantified. This study found that the gene ZmLOX4 was associated with days to silk, and the gene ZmLOX5 gene was associated with plant and ear height. In addition, this study identified 13 QTL variants for grain yield, plant height, days to anthesis and days to silk. Furthermore, this study shows that diverse maize inbred lines can make hybrids that out yield commercial hybrids under heat and drought stress. Therefore, there are useful genes present in these diverse lines that can be exploited in maize breeding programs

Darbo objektas: socialinės aplinkos įtaka moksleivių fiziniam aktyvumui. Baigiamojo darbo tikslas – nustatyti socialinės aplinkos įtaką 9 - 10 klasių moksleivių fiziniam aktyvumui. Baigiamojo darbo uždaviniai: 1. Nustatyti šeimos įtaką 9 – 10 klasių moksleivių fiziniam aktyvumui lyties aspektu. 2. Nustatyti draugų įtaką 9 – 10 klasių moksleivių fiziniam aktyvumui lyties aspektu. 3. Nustatyti mokyklos įtaką 9 – 10 klasių moksleivių fiziniam aktyvumui lyties aspektu. Hipotezė: socialinės aplinkos įtaka fiziniam aktyvumui 9 – 10 klasių vaikinams yra didesnė nei merginoms. Išvados: 1. Atlikto tyrimo rezultatai parodė, jog šeimos įtaka 9 - 10 klasės merginoms ir vaikinams yra panaši. 38,9 proc. vaikinų ir 35 proc. merginų teigia, jog niekada neužsiima sportu su savo šeima. Panašaus tėvų palaikymo užsiimti fizine veikla sulaukia ir merginos ir vaikinai, todėl galime manyti, jog vaikinus ir merginas šeima mažai įtakoja būti fiziškai aktyviais. 2. Įvertinus respondentų atsakymus galima teigti, kad bendraamžiai labiau įtakoja 9 – 10 klasių vaikinus, nei merginas būti fiziškai aktyviais, kadangi didesnis procentas draugų palaiko vaikinus sportinėje veikloje, dažniau sportuoja su jais, patys skatina ir yra skatinami draugų. 3. Nustatyta, kad tiek 9 - 10 klasių merginos, tiek vaikinai panašiai įtakojami būti fiziškai aktyviais. Merginos iš galimų atsakymų variantų atsakė, kad lanko mokykloje esančius neformaliojo ugdymo būrelius, nes joms tai patinka, gali... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The object : social environment on student‘s physical activity. Final objective : the influence of the social environment 9-10 grade student‘s physical activity. Final tasks : 1. Identify family on the 9-10 grade student‘s physical activity by gender 2. Determine the influence of friends and 9-10 grade students physical activity by gender. 3. Identify the impact of schools 9-10 grade students physical activity by gender. Working hypothesis : social environment on physical activity in 9-10 classes for boys is higher than girls. Conclusion : 1. The survey results showed that the influence of the family 9-10 grade girls and boys are similar. 38.9 per cent boys and 35 per cent girls say that he never engaged in sports with his family. A similar support parents to engage in physical activity gets the girls and guys, so we can assume that the young boys and girls little family influence to be physically active. 2. The evaluation of the survey responses suggest that more influenced by peers 9-10 grade boys than girls to be physically active, because a higher percentage of friends and support the guys in sport are more likely to play sports with them, promote themselves and encouraged friends. 3. It was found that both the 9-10 grade girls and boys similarly influenced to be physically active. Girls of the answers options replied that attend school in non-formal education circles because they love it, can unfold, and value their own well-being after the sessions... [to full text]

The thesis compares variability of mercury concentration among adult and juvenile fish in order to streamline monitoring of water environment contamination. In terms ov thw thesis there were monitored two localities: Labe Děčín and Labe Kozly. Adult fish were caught usingdeep-water electrofishing equipment and juvenile fish were caught using back-pack electrofishing equipment. Two variations of mercury concentration were compared, one in muscle of particular adult fish species, second in whole bodies of juvenile fish. Mercury concentrations were also compared among particular juvenile fish fish species in particular localities. All analyses were performed using spectrophotometer AMA 254. It was proved that analyses of juvenile fish are suitable and more cheaper than analyses of adult fish, when it comes to monitoring.

Submitted by Daniella Santos (daniella.santos@fgv.br) on 2009-10-19T12:18:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_Joao_Luiz_Ayres.pdf: 463363 bytes, checksum: 3d72501f2cf6e2f0d459c3e04d7a6cfc (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Antoanne Pontes(antoanne.pontes@fgv.br) on 2009-10-21T11:32:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_Joao_Luiz_Ayres.pdf: 463363 bytes, checksum: 3d72501f2cf6e2f0d459c3e04d7a6cfc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2009-10-21T11:32:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_Joao_Luiz_Ayres.pdf: 463363 bytes, checksum: 3d72501f2cf6e2f0d459c3e04d7a6cfc (MD5) / We investigate temporary sales using a very detailed data set for 13 years of retail prices in the Brazilian economy, with price quotes collected every 10-days. We find strong evidence of co-movement between frequency and size of sales and the macroeconomic varibles. The common belief in the literature that sales do not react to changes in macroeconomic variables may be due to little macro volatility in the analysed countries so far. / Nós investigamos promoções temporárias usando uma base de dados detalhada de 13 anos sobre preços ao consumidor no Brasil, com cotações de preços coletadas decendialmente. Nós encontramos forte evidências da existência de relação entre a frequência e tamanho de promoções e as variáveis macroeconômicas. A crença comum na literatura de que promoções não reagem a mudanças nas variáveis macroeconômicas pode ser devido a baixa volatilidade do cenário macro- econômico nos países analisados até o presente momento.

Submitted by Vasti Diniz (vastijpa@hotmail.com) on 2017-08-01T13:14:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 7825879 bytes, checksum: d260ae7746753b1c56886e134cf9243a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-01T13:14:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 7825879 bytes, checksum: d260ae7746753b1c56886e134cf9243a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-29 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Among the different environmental problems that affect urban centres, we face the increase on temperature and the decrease on relative humidity on cities. The formation of heat islands and the thermal discomfort are changes observed in the urban thermal area of the cities climatic system, with serious problems to the general population. In this context, this work has as its main aim to verify the thermal performance of the green roof in analogy to other three toppings commonly used in civil construction (ceramic tile, cement tile and exposed slab). It was verified the thermal behaviour of the photovoltaic panels with the green roofs – hybrid roof. The research also had as a challenge to construct all the prototypes for microclimate monitoring. The microclimate monitoring happened in two different periods: dry and rainy season. To record the air temperature data, thermal hidrometers were used for inside measurements, and thermocouples to external measurement in photovoltaic panels. During the rainy season, the difference of up to 2° C was registered comparing the green roof to the cement tile prototype, and to the others the difference was 1°C. In the dry season the heat difference was 3° C related to the cement tile prototype, and 2° C when compared to the other toppings. In relation to external measurements done with the Thermocouples, the results are positive both on the superior or on the inferior surface of the Panel. That is, it was observed that the green roof contributes to soothe microclimate on the external environment, and consequently to the efficiency of the Panel. With these results, it is concluded that the green roof is a sustainable technology that helps soothing microclimate, on the internal and on the external environment. / Dentre os diversos problemas ambientais que afetam os centros urbanos, pode-se verificar o aumento de temperaturas e a redução da umidade relativa do ar nas cidades. A formação das ilhas de calor e o desconforto térmico são alterações observadas no campo térmico urbano do sistema climático das cidades com graves problemas para população em geral. Diante deste contexto, esta pesquisa se insere com o objetivo principal de verificar o desempenho térmico do telhado verde em analogia a outros três tipos de coberturas comumente usados na construção civil (telha cerâmica, fibrocimento, laje exposta). E verificou-se o comportamento térmico do painel fotovoltaico com o telhado verde – Telhado Híbrido. A pesquisa também teve o desafio de confeccionar todos os protótipos para o monitoramento microclimático. O monitoramento microclimático ocorreu em dois períodos climáticos distintos: período seco e chuvoso. Para os registros dos dados de temperatura do ar foram utilizados termohigrometros para medições internas. E termopares para medições externas no painel fotovoltaico. No período chuvoso, registra-se a diferença de até 2°C do telhado verde em relação ao protótipo com telha de fibrocimento e 1°C em relação aos demais. No período seco a diferença térmica foi de 3°C em relação ao protótipo de Fibrocimento e 2°C quando comparado aos demais. Com relação às medições externas feitas por termopares verificou-se que os resultados são positivos, tanto na superfície superior quanto na superfície inferior do painel. Ou seja, observa-se- que o telhado verde contribui com a amenização microclimática do ambiente externo e consequentemente com a eficiência do painel. Com estes resultados, conclui-se que o telhado verde é uma tecnologia sustentável que contribui com a amenização microclimática interna e externa do ambiente.